Brunswick County, Virginia
Brunswick County is a United States county located on the southern border of the Commonwealth of Virginia. This rural county is known as one the claimants to be the namesake of Brunswick stew. Brunswick County was created in 1720, its lands were taken from parts of Prince George and Isle of Wight counties; the county was named for the former Duchy of Brunswick-Lunenburg, a British possession in the 18th century. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 17,434, which represents a decrease of more than five percent from the 18,419 reported in the 2000 census; the Brunswick county seat is Lawrenceville. The first English settlers, in what was to become Brunswick County, swarmed into the protected lands near Fort Christanna during its 4 years of operation. Among them were indentured servants, including men deported from Scotland in 1716 after being convicted by the Crown in the Jacobite rising of 1715, they were required to work under indenture to pay the Crown back for their ship passage.
The colonists pushed many of the Native Americans out of the area. An example of such a Scots rebel who started in the colony as a convict was James Pittillo, he in 1726 was granted 242 acres on Wagua Creek. He became a major landowner in the area, he was appointed as a tobacco inspector in Bristol Parish in 1728 and that year served with William Byrd II on his spring and fall expeditions to survey the border between Virginia and North Carolina. Taking advantage of land grants due to headrights, for people whose passage he paid to the colony, outright purchases, Pittillo owned more than 4,000 acres in the area of Prince George County and Dinwiddie counties in Southside Virginia. Brunswick County was established in 1720 from Prince George County; the county is named for the former Duchy of Brunswick-Lunenburg in Germany. One of the titles carried by Britain's Hanoverian kings was Duke of Brunswick-Lunenburg. In 1732 the county received more land from parts of Isle of Wight counties. Brunswick County reached the Blue Ridge Mountains until 1745, when increasing population in the region resulted in the formation of a series of new counties, Brunswick's current western border was established.
In 1780, during the American Revolutionary War, Greensville County was formed from part of Brunswick's eastern side. In 1787 the county's eastern border was finalized with a minor adjustment. Today Brunswick County is bisected by Interstate 85, U. S. 1 and U. S. Highway 58. Planters cultivated the land for tobacco by slave labor in colonial times; as tobacco exhausted the soil and the markets changed and smaller farmers diversified the rural economy by raising mixed crops and harvesting lumber before the American Civil War. As a result of these changes, slaveholders in the Upper South had surplus slaves, it fed the development of cotton plantations in the Deep South. Altogether, more than one million enslaved African Americans were sold South in the antebellum years in this forced migration, which broke up many families. Saint Paul's College, Virginia was established in this county in association with the church. In the early 21st century, the county has a campus of Southside Virginia Community College.
The Fort Pickett Army National Guard base is in the county. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 569 square miles, of which 566 square miles is land and 3.2 square miles is water. Mecklenburg County – west Lunenburg County – west Nottoway County – northwest Dinwiddie County – north Greensville County – east Northampton County, North Carolina – south I-85 US 1 US 58 SR 46 SR 136 SR 137 SR 378 As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 17,434 people residing in the county. 57.3% were Black or African American, 40.4% White, 0.3% Asian, 0.2% Native American, 0.8% of some other race and 0.9% of two or more races. 1.7 % were Latino. As of the census of 2000, there were 18,419 people, 6,277 households, 4,312 families residing in the county; the population density was 32 people per square mile. There were 7,541 housing units at an average density of 13 per square mile; the racial makeup of the county was 41.99% White, 56.85% Black or African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.34% from other races, 0.51% from two or more races.
1.25% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 6,277 households out of which 27.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.90% were married couples living together, 16.60% had a female householder with no husband present, 31.30% were non-families. 27.60% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.30% had someone living alone, 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.00. In the county, the age distribution of the population shows 20.50% under the age of 18, 9.90% from 18 to 24, 30.70% from 25 to 44, 24.40% from 45 to 64, 14.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 113.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 115.40 males. The median income for a household in the county was $31,288, the median income for a family was $38,354. Males had a median income of $26,924 versus $20,550 for females; the per capita income for the county was $14,890.
About 13.20% of families and 16.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.10% of those under age 18 and 19.50% of those age 65 or over. Meherrin district: John Zubrod Powellton district: Welton Tyler Red Oak
1910 United States Census
The Thirteenth United States Census, conducted by the Census Bureau on April 15, 1910, determined the resident population of the United States to be 92,228,496, an increase of 21.0 percent over the 76,212,168 persons enumerated during the 1900 Census. The 1910 Census switched from a portrait page orientation to a landscape orientation; the 1910 census collected the following information: Full documentation for the 1910 census, including census forms and enumerator instructions, is available from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. The column titles in the census form are as follows: LOCATION. Street, road, etc. House number. 1. Number of dwelling house in order of visitation. 2. Number of family in order of visitation. 3. NAME of each person whose place of abode on April 15, 1910, was in this family. Enter surname first the given name and middle initial, if any. Include every person living on April 15, 1910. Omit children born since April 15, 1910. RELATION. 4. Relationship of this person to the head of the family.
PERSONAL DESCRIPTION. 5. Sex. 6. Color or race. 7. Age at last birthday. 8. Whether single, widowed, or divorced. 9. Number of years of present marriage. 10. Mother of how many children: Number born. 11. Mother of how many children: Number now living. NATIVITY. Place of birth of each person and parents of each person enumerated. If born in the United States, give the state or territory. If of foreign birth, give the country. 12. Place of birth of this Person. 13. Place of birth of Father of this person. 14. Place of birth of Mother of this person. CITIZENSHIP. 15. Year of immigration to the United States. 16. Whether naturalized or alien. 17. Whether able to speak English. OCCUPATION. 18. Trade or profession of, or particular kind of work done by this person, as spinner, laborer, etc. 19. General nature of industry, business, or establishment in which this person works, as cotton mill, dry goods store, etc. 20. Whether as employer, employee, or work on own account. If an employee— 21. Whether out of work on April 15, 1910.
22. Number of weeks out of work during year 1909. EDUCATION. 23. Whether able to read. 24. Whether able to write. 25. Attended school any time since September 1, 1909. OWNERSHIP OF HOME. 26. Owned or rented. 27. Owned free or mortgaged. 28. Farm or house. 29. Number of farm schedule. 30. Whether a survivor of the Union or Confederate Army or Navy. 31. Whether blind. 32. Whether deaf and dumb. Special Notation In 1912 and 1959, New Mexico, Arizona and Hawaii would become the 47th, 48th, 49th and 50th states admitted to the Union; the 1910 population count for each of these areas was 327,301, 204,354, 64,356 and 191,909 respectively. On this basis, the ranking list above would be modified as follows: First 42 ranked states - positions unchanged New Mexico, Arizona, Hawaii, Wyoming and Alaska; the original census enumeration sheets were microfilmed by the Census Bureau in the 1940s. The microfilmed census is available in rolls from the National Records Administration. Several organizations host images of the microfilmed census online, along which digital indices.
Microdata from the 1910 census are available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System. 1911 U. S Census Report Contains 1910 Census results Historic US Census data census.gov/population/www/censusdata/PopulationofStatesandCountiesoftheUnitedStates1790-1990.pdf
Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina micropolitan area
The Roanoke Rapids Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties in North Carolina, anchored by the city of Roanoke Rapids. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 79,456. Halifax Northampton Places with more than 10,000 inhabitants Roanoke Rapids Places with 1,000 to 10,000 inhabitants Enfield Garysburg Scotland Neck South Rosemary South Weldon Weldon Places with 750 to 1,000 inhabitants Gaston Rich Square Woodland Places with 500 to 750 inhabitants Conway Jackson Littleton Seaboard Places with less than 500 inhabitants Halifax Hobgood Lasker Severn Unincorporated places Aurelian Springs Brinkleyville Heathsville Margarettsville Pleasant Hill As of the census of 2000, there were 79,456 people, 30,813 households, 21,261 families residing within the μSA; the racial makeup of the μSA was 41.60% White, 54.47% African American, 2.36% Native American, 0.42% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.44% from other races, 0.68% from two or more races.
Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.93% of the population. The median income for a household in the μSA was $26,556, the median income for a family was $34,082. Males had a median income of $27,998 versus $20,854 for females; the per capita income for the μSA was $14,612. North Carolina census statistical areas
U.S. Route 158
U. S. Route 158 is an east–west United States highway that runs for 350 miles from Mocksville to Whalebone Junction in Nags Head in the state of North Carolina. U. S. Route 158 is a parallel of U. S. Route 58; the route does not intersect its parent, instead intersecting its sibling, US 258. It runs for 350 miles from Mocksville, at US 64/US 601 to Whalebone Junction in the town of Nags Head, North Carolina. A 10 miles stretch skirts the Great Dismal Swamp. From Mocksville, it parallels I-40 into Winston-Salem, where it merges with I-40 Business/US 421 freeway through the downtown area. Going northeast, it goes through Stokesdale goes north around Reidsville with US 29 Business. From Reidsville, US 158 connects the northern counties of North Carolina, going through the cities and towns of Yanceyville, Oxford, Roanoke Rapids and Elizabeth City. From NC 168 eastward, it carries traffic from the Norfolk region to the Outer Banks; the route is a four-lane undivided highway with a speed limit of 50 miles an hour in Dare County, from its eastern terminus to the Wright Memorial Bridge.
Most of the route is otherwise a four-lane divided highway with a 55 miles per hour speed limit until NC 168, where it turns left at an at-grade intersection. It returns to being undivided. In Dare County, the highway runs in a north -- south direction, it acts as a bypass route for the Virginia Dare Trail, which runs parallel to U. S. 158 to the east. For the entire length of the Outer Banks, US 158 is known as Croatan Highway. US 158 was established in 1932, as a concurrency with NC 48 from Mocksville to Murfreesboro and NC 12, from Murfreesboro to Virginia state line. US 158 replaced US 117 routing between Murfreesboro to Franklin, Virginia. In 1934, NC 48 and NC 12 were removed from its routing. In 1937 or 1938, US 158's western terminus moved from Depot Street to Main Street in Mocksville. In 1941, US 158 swapped routes with NC 65 between Reidsville. In same year, US 158 was rerouted east at Murfreesboro, replacing NC 30 to Camden and NC 34 crossing the Croatan Sound and ending at NC 345, near Manteo.
Between 1945-1949, US 158's western terminus moved to its current location at Main and Lexington Streets, in Mocksville. In 1946, US 158 bypassed north of Gatesville, with its old alignment became US 158A. Around 1951, US 158 was removed from Roanoke Island and was truncated at its current eastern terminus at Whalebone Junction, on Bodie Island. In 1951, US 158 was placed on new bypass north of Henderson, leaving behind US 158A along its old alignment. Around 1954, US 158 was placed on one-way streets in downtown Winston-Salem: westbound via Clover Dale Street, Glade Street and fifth street. In 1955, US 158 was bypassed north of Warrenton. In 1959, US 158 was moved onto new expressway between Stratford to Marshall and Cherry Streets, in Winston-Salem. In 1960, US 158 was moved onto its current routing in Bodie Island. In 1962, US 158 was completed its transition onto the expressway in Winston-Salem, leaving behind US 158 Business. Between 1963-1967, US 158 was routed onto one-way streets in Weldon.
In 1968, US 158 was rerouted in Elizabeth City. In 1971, US 158 was placed onto the Yanceyville bypass. In 1973, US 13/US 158 was placed on new western bypass of Winton, its old alignment became part of NC 45. In 1979, US 158 was placed on bypass north of Reidsville, via US 29 Bus. and NC 14. In 1984, US 17/US 158 was rerouted again in Elizabeth City. In 1995, US 158 was rerouted onto new bypass south of Murfreesboro. In May 2016, NCDOT's applied to AASHTO to change US 158's route in the Reidsville area. Instead of following Bus. US 29 and NC 87 to the north to NC 14 and east along that route to US 29, the route would take US 158 south along Bus. US 29/NC 87 to where they split and following NC 87 to US 29. US 158 would run concurrent with US 29 to the NC 14 exit where it would resume its old alignment. AASHTO approved the change on May 24 at the meeting of the Special Committee on U. S. Route Numbering in Waterloo, Iowa. NCDOT passed its ordinance approving the change on March 5, 2018, it is unknown when the signs will be changed along the new routings.
U. S. Route 117 was established in 1926 to run for 159 miles from Norlina, through the towns of Warrenton, Roanoke Rapids, Murfreesboro, it was cut back to Franklin in 1931 or 1932, being replaced by US 58 east of there, soon afterwards the remainder was renumbered US 158. U. S. Route 158 Business, was established in 1962 as a renumbering of mainline US 158 in downtown Winston-Salem; the business loop traversed on one-way streets: eastbound used Cherry Street, 4th Street, Dunleith Street. In 1970, it was decommissioned. U. S. Route 158 Alternate, was established in 1954 as a partial bypass of Oxford; as an alternate spur route, it did not reconnect with US 158, instead going southwest to US 15. In 1971, US 158A was eliminated when Interstate 85
1890 United States Census
The Eleventh United States Census was taken beginning June 2, 1890. It determined the resident population of the United States to be 62,979,766—an increase of 25.5 percent over the 50,189,209 persons enumerated during the 1880 census. The data was tabulated by machine for the first time; the data reported that the distribution of the population had resulted in the disappearance of the American frontier. Most of the 1890 census materials were destroyed in a 1921 fire and fragments of the US census population schedule exist only for the states of Alabama, Illinois, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, the District of Columbia; this was the first census in which a majority of states recorded populations of over one million, as well as the first in which multiple cities – New York as of 1880, Philadelphia – recorded populations of over one million. The census saw Chicago rank as the nation's second-most populous city, a position it would hold until 1990, in which Los Angeles would supplant it.
The 1890 census collected the following information: The 1890 census was the first to be compiled using methods invented by Herman Hollerith and was overseen by Superintendents Robert P. Porter and Carroll D. Wright. Data was entered on a machine readable medium, punched cards, tabulated by machine; the net effect of the many changes from the 1880 census: the larger population, the number of data items to be collected, the Census Bureau headcount, the volume of scheduled publications, the use of Hollerith's electromechanical tabulators, was to reduce the time required to process the census from eight years for the 1880 census to six years for the 1890 census. The total population of 62,947,714, the family, or rough, was announced after only six weeks of processing; the public reaction to this tabulation was disbelief, as it was believed that the "right answer" was at least 75,000,000. The United States census of 1890 showed a total of 248,253 Native Americans living in the United States, down from 400,764 Native Americans identified in the census of 1850.
The 1890 census announced that the frontier region of the United States no longer existed, that the Census Bureau would no longer track the westward migration of the U. S. population. Up to and including the 1880 census, the country had a frontier of settlement. By 1890, isolated bodies of settlement had broken into the unsettled area to the extent that there was hardly a frontier line; this prompted Frederick Jackson Turner to develop his Frontier Thesis. The original data for the 1890 Census is no longer available. All the population schedules were damaged in a fire in the basement of the Commerce Building in Washington, D. C. in 1921. Some 25 % of the materials were presumed another 50 % damaged by smoke and water; the damage to the records led to an outcry for a permanent National Archives. In December 1932, following standard federal record-keeping procedures, the Chief Clerk of the Bureau of the Census sent the Librarian of Congress a list of papers to be destroyed, including the original 1890 census schedules.
The Librarian was asked by the Bureau to identify any records which should be retained for historical purposes, but the Librarian did not accept the census records. Congress authorized destruction of that list of records on February 21, 1933, the surviving original 1890 census records were destroyed by government order by 1934 or 1935; the other censuses for which some information has been lost are the 1810 enumerations. Few sets of microdata from the 1890 census survive, but aggregate data for small areas, together with compatible cartographic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System. Mayo-Smith, Richmond, "The Eleventh Census of the United States". In: The Economic Journal, Vol. 1, p. 43 - 58 1891 U. S Census Report Contains 1890 Census results Historical US Census data from the U. S. Census Bureau website Hollerith 1890 Census Tabulator by Columbia University "The Fate of the 1890 Population Census" from the National Archives website
United States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau is a principal agency of the U. S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy; the Census Bureau is part of the U. S. Department of Commerce and its director is appointed by the President of the United States; the Census Bureau's primary mission is conducting the U. S. Census every ten years, which allocates the seats of the U. S. House of Representatives to the states based on their population; the Bureau's various censuses and surveys help allocate over $400 billion in federal funds every year and it helps states, local communities, businesses make informed decisions. The information provided by the census informs decisions on where to build and maintain schools, transportation infrastructure, police and fire departments. In addition to the decennial census, the Census Bureau continually conducts dozens of other censuses and surveys, including the American Community Survey, the U. S. Economic Census, the Current Population Survey.
Furthermore and foreign trade indicators released by the federal government contain data produced by the Census Bureau. Article One of the United States Constitution directs the population be enumerated at least once every ten years and the resulting counts used to set the number of members from each state in the House of Representatives and, by extension, in the Electoral College; the Census Bureau now conducts a full population count every 10 years in years ending with a zero and uses the term "decennial" to describe the operation. Between censuses, the Census Bureau makes population projections. In addition, Census data directly affects how more than $400 billion per year in federal and state funding is allocated to communities for neighborhood improvements, public health, education and more; the Census Bureau is mandated with fulfilling these obligations: the collecting of statistics about the nation, its people, economy. The Census Bureau's legal authority is codified in Title 13 of the United States Code.
The Census Bureau conducts surveys on behalf of various federal government and local government agencies on topics such as employment, health, consumer expenditures, housing. Within the bureau, these are known as "demographic surveys" and are conducted perpetually between and during decennial population counts; the Census Bureau conducts economic surveys of manufacturing, retail and other establishments and of domestic governments. Between 1790 and 1840, the census was taken by marshals of the judicial districts; the Census Act of 1840 established a central office. Several acts followed that revised and authorized new censuses at the 10-year intervals. In 1902, the temporary Census Office was moved under the Department of Interior, in 1903 it was renamed the Census Bureau under the new Department of Commerce and Labor; the department was intended to consolidate overlapping statistical agencies, but Census Bureau officials were hindered by their subordinate role in the department. An act in 1920 changed the date and authorized manufacturing censuses every two years and agriculture censuses every 10 years.
In 1929, a bill was passed mandating the House of Representatives be reapportioned based on the results of the 1930 Census. In 1954, various acts were codified into Title 13 of the US Code. By law, the Census Bureau must count everyone and submit state population totals to the U. S. President by December 31 of any year ending in a zero. States within the Union receive the results in the spring of the following year; the United States Census Bureau defines four statistical regions, with nine divisions. The Census Bureau regions are "widely used...for data collection and analysis". The Census Bureau definition is pervasive. Regional divisions used by the United States Census Bureau: Region 1: Northeast Division 1: New England Division 2: Mid-Atlantic Region 2: Midwest Division 3: East North Central Division 4: West North Central Region 3: South Division 5: South Atlantic Division 6: East South Central Division 7: West South Central Region 4: West Division 8: Mountain Division 9: Pacific Many federal, state and tribal governments use census data to: Decide the location of new housing and public facilities, Examine the demographic characteristics of communities and the US, Plan transportation systems and roadways, Determine quotas and creation of police and fire precincts, Create localized areas for elections, utilities, etc.
Gathers population information every 10 years The United States Census Bureau is committed to confidentiality, guarantees non-disclosure of any addresses or personal information related to individuals or establishments. Title 13 of the U. S. Code establishes penalties for the disclosure of this information. All Census employees must sign an affidavit of non-disclosure prior to employment; the Bureau cannot share responses, addresses or personal information with anyone including United States or foreign government
Southampton County, Virginia
Southampton County is a county located on the southern border of the Commonwealth of Virginia. North Carolina is to the south; as of the 2010 census, the population was 18,570. Its county seat is Courtland. During the 17th century, shortly after establishment of Jamestown, Virginia in 1607, English settlers explored and began settling the areas adjacent to Hampton Roads. In 1634, the English colony of Virginia was divided into eight shires with a total population of 5,000 inhabitants. Most of Southampton County was part of Warrosquyoake Shire; the shires were soon to be called counties. In 1637 Warrosquyoake Shire was renamed Isle of Wight County. In 1749, the portion of Isle of Wight County west of the Blackwater River was organized as Southampton County. Part of Nansemond County, now the Independent City of Suffolk, was added to Southampton County; this area was cultivated for tobacco and for mixed crops, dependent on the labor of African slaves after a short period when many white indentured servants came to the colony.
In August 1831, a slave preacher named Nat Turner led a slave rebellion in Southampton County against local white residents, killing about 60 people. The rebellion was crushed, Turner and his rebels were tried and executed. Meanwhile, white mobs had seized and lynched nearly 200 black residents of Southampton County, most of them slaves. Southampton County may have been named for a major city in England. IN the alternative, it may have been named for Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton, one of the founders of the Virginia Company and a supporter of colonization in North America. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 602 square miles, of which 599 square miles is land and 3.2 square miles is water. Southampton County is bounded by the Blackwater River on the east and the Meherrin River on the west; the Nottoway River flows through the center of the county. All three rivers are tributaries of the Chowan River, which flows south into Albemarle Sound, North Carolina.
The Blackwater River separates Southampton County from Isle of Wight County, the Meherrin River separates it from Greensville County. US 58 US 258 US 460 SR 35 SR 186 SR 189 As of the census of 2010, there were 18,570 people, 6,279 households, 4,502 families residing in the county; the population density was 29 people per square mile. There were 7,058 housing units at an average density of 12 per square mile; the racial makeup of the county was 60.4% White, 37.2% Black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 0.3% from other races, 1.4% from two or more races. 1.1% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 6,279 households out of which 30.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.10% were married couples living together, 13.50% had a female householder with no husband present, 28.30% were non-families. 24.90% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.10% had someone living alone, 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.02.
In the county, the population was spread out with 22.70% under the age of 18, 8.80% from 18 to 24, 29.20% from 25 to 44, 25.00% from 45 to 64, 14.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 111.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 112.50 males. The median income for a household in the county was $33,995, the median income for a family was $41,324. Males had a median income of $32,436 versus $20,831 for females; the per capita income for the county was $16,930. About 11.70% of families and 14.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.90% of those under age 18 and 14.50% of those age 65 or over. Blackwater Regional Library is the regional library system that provides services to the citizens of Southampton. Boykins Branchville Capron Courtland Ivor Newsoms Sedley Southampton Meadows Berlin Black Creek Drewryville John Brown, fugitive slave Anthony W. Gardiner, ninth President of Liberia, established as a US colony in West Africa for free blacks.
S. Senator, Confederate general Dred Scott, slave immortalized by the Dred Scott Decision of the US Supreme Court, which limited the rights of African Americans George Henry Thomas, US Army officer Nathaniel "Nat" Turner, slave rebellion leader National Register of Historic Places listings in Southampton County, Virginia Southampton County Website Hampton Roads Economic Development Alliance – serving Southampton County Newsoms Peanut Shop Turtle Creek Horse Transportation
Northampton County, North Carolina
