Novotroitsk is a town in Orenburg Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of and along the Ural River, 276 kilometers (171 mi) from Orenburg, on the border with Kazakhstan. In the east Novotroitsk almost borders Orsk: the distance between the two cities is less than 2 kilometers (1.2 mi). Population: 98,173 (2010 Russian census); 106,315 (2002 Census); 106,084 (1989 Soviet census).

Orenburg Oblast is a federal subject of Russia, mainly located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is the city of Orenburg. From 1938 to 1957, it bore the name Chkalov Oblast in honor of Valery Chkalov. Population: 1,862,767.