1.
Julie Newmar
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Julie Newmar is an American actress, dancer and singer, known for a variety of stage, screen, and television roles. She won the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play for her role as Katrin Sveg in the 1958 Broadway production of The Marriage-Go-Round, in the 1960s, she starred for two seasons as Catwoman in the television series Batman. Her other stage credits include the Ziegfeld Follies in 1956, and Irma in Irma la Douce in regional productions. She appeared in the video for George Michaels 1992 single Too Funky. Her voice work includes the 2016 film Batman, Return of the Caped Crusaders and she was born in Los Angeles as Julia Chalene Newmeyer, the eldest of three children born to Don and Helen Newmeyer. Her Swedish-French mother was a designer who used Chalene as her professional name. Newmar began her career as a dancer, training with Denishawn and later appearing in the Ziegfeld Follies, Newmar has two younger brothers, Peter Bruce Newmeyer and John A. Newmeyer, a writer, epidemiologist, and winemaker. Newmar was a dancer-assassin in Slaves of Babylon and the girl in Serpent of the Nile. She danced in other films, including The Band Wagon and Demetrius and the Gladiators. She also worked as a choreographer and dancer for Universal Studios and her first major role, billed as Julie Newmeyer, was as Dorcas, one of the brides in Seven Brides for Seven Brothers. Her three-minute Broadway appearance as the leggy Stupefyin Jones in the musical Lil Abner in 1956 led to a reprise in the version released in 1959. She was also the lead in a low-budget comedy, The Rookie. Newmar had first appeared on Broadway in 1955 in Silk Stockings which starred Hildegarde Neff and she also appeared in the film, The Marriage-Go-Round, which starred James Mason and Susan Hayward. Newmar developed the role of the Swedish vixen and won a Tony Award for Best Supporting Actress and she later appeared on stage with Joel Grey in the national tour of Stop the World - I Want to Get Off and as Lola in Damn Yankees. And Irma in Irma La Douce. and in Mackennas Gold and she also appeared in a pictorial in the May 1968 issue of Playboy magazine, which featured Playmate Elizabeth Jordan. The film To Wong Foo, Thanks for Everything, Julie Newmar pays homage to the actress, Newmar herself makes a cameo appearance near the films end. Newmars fame stems mainly from her television appearances and her statuesque form made her a larger-than-life sex symbol, most often cast as a temptress or Amazonian beauty, including an early appearance in sexy maid costume on The Phil Silvers Show. She starred as Rhoda the Robot in the TV series My Living Doll, Newmar modified her Catwoman costume—now in the Smithsonian Institution—and placed the belt at the hips instead of the waist to emphasize her hourglass figure
2.
Albert Salmi
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Albert Salmi was an American actor of stage, film, and television. He was noted as an actor and appeared in over 150 film. Salmi was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York, to Finnish immigrant parents and he attended Haaren High School in Manhattan. Following a stint in the United States Army during World War II, Salmi took up acting as a career, in 1955, Salmi starred as Bo Decker in the play Bus Stop on Broadway, and also performed in the touring production of the play. His performance was praised by critics and Salmi was offered the chance to reprise the role in the 1956 film Bus Stop starring Marilyn Monroe, Salmi turned down the offer because he did not enjoy film work. Salmis next film was The Bravados in which he played one of the villains who is hunted down by hero Gregory Peck, the National Board of Review presented Salmi with the NBR Award for Best Supporting Actor for his work in both of these films. Salmi was a character actor who appeared in over 150 film. Despite his numerous appearances in the medium, he held the opinion of many Actors Studio alumni that roles in film and he also had several memorable roles on CBSs The Twilight Zone including Of Late I Think of Cliffordville, A Quality of Mercy and Execution. In 1963, he portrayed John Day and Rivers in the episode Incident of the Pale Rider on CBSs Rawhide, in 1964–65 he appeared with Fess Parker as Yadkin in the first season of the Daniel Boone TV series. He later appeared twice as the pirate, Alonzo P. Tucker on Lost in Space. He appeared in a 1967 episode of Gunsmoke as a killer who comes to an ironic end, for that performance, Salmi was awarded a Western Heritage Award. Salmi also had guest starring roles in television series including The Virginian, Have Gun — Will Travel, Naked City, The Investigators. From 1974 to 1976, Salmi co-starred in the NBC legal drama, a high point of Salmis career came in 1968, when he was cast in the Arthur Miller play The Price. He played the lead on Broadway and in London and his film career included roles in The Unforgiven, The Outrage, Lawman, Escape from the Planet of the Apes, Viva Knievel. Empire of the Ants, Love and Bullets, Caddyshack, and he played Greil in Dragonslayer, Geraldine Pages husband in Im Dancing as Fast as I Can, and the hard drinking but loving father of character Diana Lawson in Hard to Hold. His final role in a film was in Breaking In starring Burt Reynolds in 1989. Salmi met actress Peggy Ann Garner while the two were performing in the National Company touring production of Bus Stop in 1955 and they were married on May 18,1956, in New York City. Their only child, Catherine Ann Cas Salmi, was born on March 30,1957, Salmi and Garner separated in 1961 and divorced on March 13,1963
3.
Rod Serling
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Serling was active in politics, both on and off the screen, and helped form television industry standards. He was known as the young man of Hollywood, clashing with television executives and sponsors over a wide range of issues including censorship, racism. Serling was born on December 25,1924, in Syracuse, New York and he was the second of two sons born to Esther and Samuel Lawrence Serling. Serlings father had worked as a secretary and amateur inventor before having children, sam Serling later became a butcher after the Great Depression forced the store to close. Rod had a brother, Robert J. Serling. Serling spent most of his youth 70 miles south of Syracuse in the city of Binghamton after his family moved there in 1926 and his parents encouraged his talents as a performer. Sam Serling built a stage in the basement, where Rod often put on plays. His older brother, writer Robert, recalled that, at the age of six or seven, Rod often talked to people around him without waiting for their answers. On a two-hour-long trip from Binghamton to Syracuse, the rest of the family remained silent to see if Rod would notice their lack of participation and he did not, talking nonstop through the entire car ride. In elementary school, Serling was seen as the class clown, however, his seventh-grade English teacher, Helen Foley, encouraged him to enter the schools public speaking extracurriculars. He joined the team and was a speaker at his high school graduation. He began writing for the newspaper, in which, according to the journalist Gordon Sander. He was also interested in sports and excelled at tennis and table tennis, when he attempted to join the varsity football team, he was told he was too small at 5 feet 4 inches tall. Serling was interested in radio and writing at an early age and he listened to various radio programs, especially thrillers with a fantasy or horror feel. Arch Oboler and Norman Corwin were two of his favorite writers and he also did some staff work at a Binghamton radio station. He was accepted into college during his year of high school. As editor of his school newspaper, Serling encouraged his fellow students to support the war effort. He wanted to leave school before graduation to join the fight, War is a temporary thing, Gus Youngstrom told him
4.
Malcolm Jameson
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Malcolm Routh Jameson, commonly known as Malcolm Jameson, was an American science fiction author. An officer in the US Navy, he was active in American pulp magazines during the Golden Age of Science Fiction and his writing career began when complications of throat cancer limited his activity. According to John W. Campbell Jr. Jameson had much to do with the development of naval ordnance. Jamesons first published fiction appeared in Astounding Science Fiction in 1938 and his story Doubled and Redoubled may be the earliest work of fiction to feature a time loop. P. Schuyler Miller wrote that Jameson drew on his own experience to give the stories a warm atmosphere of reality. Alfred Bester described meeting Jameson in about 1939, Mort Weisinger introduced me to the informal gatherings of the working science fiction authors of the late thirties. Malcolm Jameson, author of navy-oriented space stories, was there, tall, gaunt, prematurely grey, speaking in slow, now and then he brought along his pretty daughter, who turned everybodys head. The hour-long fourth season episode was broadcast on April 11,1963, Jameson had eleven stories published in the magazine Unknown/Unknown Worlds in the early 1940s, Philtered Power, March 1940. Not According to Dante, June 1941, in His Own Image, February 1942. The Old Ones Hear, June 1942, * Heaven Is What You Make It, August 1943. Blind Alley, novella, Unknown, June 1943, Bullard of the Space Patrol, edited by Andre Norton, Cleveland, World Pub. Co. World Junior Library,1951,235 p, reprint edition, excluded the story The Bureaucrat. E-book publication as Bullard, from Cadet to Commander, A Story of the Space Patrol, Spellcaster E Books, land of the Burning Sea, e-book, Spellcaster E Books, September 2005, originally published in April 1942 in Thrilling Wonder Stories
5.
Satan
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Satan is a figure appearing in the texts of the Abrahamic religions who brings evil and temptation, and is known as the deceiver who leads humanity astray. In the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament, Satan is primarily an accuser and adversary, a malevolent entity, also called the devil. Although Satan is generally viewed as having negative characteristics, some groups have different beliefs. In Theistic Satanism, Satan is considered a deity who is either worshipped or revered, in LaVeyan Satanism, Satan is a symbol of virtuous characteristics and liberty. The original Hebrew term satan is a noun from a verb meaning primarily to obstruct, oppose, as it is found in Numbers 22,22,1 Samuel 29,4, ha-Satan is traditionally translated as the accuser or the adversary. The definite article ha- is used to show that this is a title bestowed on a being, thus, this being would be referred to as the satan. Ha-Satan with the definite article occurs 13 times in the Masoretic Text, in two books of the Hebrew Bible, Job ch. 1–2 and Zechariah 3, 1–2. 32 behold, I went out to thee,1 Samuel 29,4 The Philistines say, lest he be an adversary against us 2 Samuel 19,22 David says. 1 Kings 5,4 Solomon writes to Hiram, there is neither adversary nor evil occurrent, when the angels present themselves to God, Satan comes as well. God informs Satan about Jobs blameless, morally upright character, God therefore gives Satan permission to test Job. In the end, Job remains faithful and righteous, and there is the implication that Satan is shamed in his defeat, some scholars see contact with religious dualism in Babylon, and early Zoroastrianism in particular, as influencing Second Temple Judaism, and consequently early Christianity. Subsequent development of Satan as a deceiver has parallels with the spirit in Zoroastrianism, known as the Lie. In the Septuagint, the Hebrew ha-Satan in Job and Zechariah is translated by the Greek word diabolos, the Book of Enoch contains references to Satariel, thought also to be Sataniel and Satanel. The similar spellings mirror that of his angelic brethren Michael, Raphael, Uriel, the Second Book of Enoch, also called the Slavonic Book of Enoch, contains references to a Watcher called Satanael. It is a text of an uncertain date and unknown authorship. The text describes Satanael as being the prince of the Grigori who was cast out of heaven, a similar story is found in the book of 1 Enoch, however, in that book, the leader of the Grigori is called Semjâzâ. In the Book of Wisdom, the devil is represented as the being who brought death into the world, in the Book of Jubilees, Mastema induces God to test Abraham through the sacrifice of Isaac. He is identical to Satan in both name and nature, in Judaism, the term satan used since its earliest biblical contexts to refer to a human opponent
6.
John Anderson (actor)
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John Robert Anderson was an American character actor. Anderson was born and raised in Quincy, Illinois, Anderson served in the United States Coast Guard during World War II, where he met artist Orazio Fumagalli, who became his lifelong friend. Anderson held a degree in drama from the University of Iowa. An accomplished actor, Anderson started out on Broadway, including an appearance in the musical Paint Your Wagon in 1951 and he later worked primarily in film and television. Standing 6 ft 5½ in tall, he bore a resemblance to U. S. President Abraham Lincoln. He appeared in Alfred Hitchcocks Psycho as California Charlie, the car salesman who helps Marion Crane. Anderson appeared in The Rat Patrol and he also appeared in Overland Trail, The Tall Man, and The Legend of Jesse James. He played a farmer who jealously guarded his prize watermelon with a shotgun in For the Love of Willadean, A Taste of Melon. Anderson had a role in MacGyver as Harry Jackson, MacGyvers grandfather. A recurring Twilight Zone actor, he appeared in four different episodes and he was also The Interrogator on an episode of The Outer Limits titled Nightmare. Anderson suffered a heart attack at his home in Sherman Oaks. He was survived by two children, seven grandchildren, two great-grandchildren and two sisters and he was cremated and his ashes taken out to sea as part of his membership in the Neptune Society. John Anderson at the Internet Movie Database John Anderson at AllMovie John Anderson at the Internet Broadway Database John Anderson at Find a Grave John Anderson at Memory Alpha
7.
John Harmon (actor)
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John Harmon was an American actor. Harmon was a very prolific bit actor and his career spanned over six decades and almost 300 movie and television roles in a wide variety of genres. Many of his appearances are uncredited. His first major credit was in I Was Framed. His movie career highlights were roles in Gallant Bess, The Monster of Piedras Blancas, Live Fast, Die Young, the movie in which he made his last screen appearance, The Naked Monster, was released 20 years after his death. Harmons most notable TV roles were in Bonanza, Perry Mason, Star Trek, in his later years, Harmon became a used books dealer in Los Angeles. He collected first editions of Mark Twain and he suffered a stroke about a year before he died from heart failure. King of the Underworld as Slats I Was Framed Find the Blackmailer Tangier Incident Malibu High John Harmon at the Internet Movie Database John Harmon at Memory Alpha
8.
The Incredible World of Horace Ford
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The Incredible World of Horace Ford is an episode in season four of the American television anthology series The Twilight Zone. Horace Ford is a 38-year-old toy designer whose life is dominated by blissfully happy memories of his childhood and his colleagues, wife, and mother have all become increasingly frustrated with his obsession. One day, he decides to revisit his childhood neighborhood, Ford discovers, to his amazement, that it has not changed. He recognizes the boys he played with in his childhood—who have not aged, frightened, he returns to his apartment, but he visits his old neighborhood again on each of the next several nights. Each night the scene plays out and he stays slightly longer. On his last visit, he stays longer than before. He tries to talk to them, and suddenly turns into a boy again and his friends bully and assault him, as Horace realizes that his childhood was not as pleasant as he would nostalgically recall. After his wife finds him, he grows up—returning to his own time period, the original ending was somewhat downbeat, and producer Herbert Hirschman asked Rose to create a slightly different ending. Accordingly, the Twilight Zone version of the script is largely identical to the Studio One version, in the Studio One version, the story ends at the Fords apartment, with the audience invited to assume that Horace has been permanently transported back to his miserable past. In the Twilight Zone version, the story continues on, Laura leaves the apartment to find Horace, the Twilight Zone, Unlocking the Door to a Television Classic. ISBN 978-0-9703310-9-0 The Incredible World of Horace Ford at the Internet Movie Database The Incredible World of Horace Ford at TV. com
9.
Anthology series
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An anthology series is a radio or television series that presents a different story and a different set of characters in each episode or season/series. Some anthology series, such as Studio One, began on radio, many popular old-time radio programs were anthology series. On some series, such as Inner Sanctum Mysteries, the constant was the host. One of the earliest such programs was The Collier Hour, broadcast on the NBC Blue Network from 1927 to 1932, as radios first major dramatic anthology, it adapted stories and serials from Colliers Weekly in a calculated move to increase subscriptions and compete with The Saturday Evening Post. Weird The Haunting Hour The Sealed Book Mystery in the Air The Weird Circle Quiet, the stars would own the studio and the program, as Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz had done successfully with Desilu studio. Powell had intended for the program to feature himself, Charles Boyer, Joel McCrea, when Russell and McCrea backed out, David Niven came on board as the third star. The fourth star was initially a guest star, CBS liked the idea, and Four Star Playhouse made its debut in fall of 1952. It ran on alternate weeks only during the first season, alternating with Amos n Andy and it was successful enough to be renewed and became a weekly program from the second season until the end of its run in 1956. Ida Lupino was brought on board as the de facto fourth star, though unlike Powell, Boyer, American television networks would sometimes run summer anthology series which consisted of unsold television pilots. Beginning in 1971, the long-run Masterpiece Theatre drama anthology series brought British productions to American television. k. a. Billy Roses Playbill Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre The Bold Ones Broadway Television Theatre Buick-Electra Playhouse Cameo Theatre Camera Three The Campbell Playhouse, Campbell Soundstage and Campbell Summer Soundstage Cavalcade of America CBS Playhouse CBS Summer Playhouse CBS Television Workshop CBS Workshop, a. k. a. CBS Repertoire Workshop Celanese Theatre Celebrity Playhouse Center Stage Cheer Television Theatre The Chevrolet Tele-Theatre a. k. a, Chevrolet on Broadway Chevron Hall of Stars Chevron Theatre Climax. Gruen Guild Theatre The Gulf Playhouse Hallmark Hall of Fame Hollywood Opening Night Hollywood Premiere Theatre, Hollywood Theatre Time International Playhouse John Waters Presents Movies That Will Corrupt You The Joseph Cotten Show, a. k. a. k. a. Max Liebman Presents Medallion Theatre, a. k. a, grimms Fairy Tale Classics Happily Ever After, Fairy Tales for Every Child The Harveytoons Show KaBlam. Late Night, Black and White Legends of Bikini Bottom Liquid Television The Looney Tunes Show Mickey Mouse Works Mickeys Mouse Tracks O Canada Off the Air Oh Yeah. Cartoons The Pink Panther Show The Popeye Show The Porky Pig Show Princes et princesses Random. M. k. a. Terribles House of Horrible The Eddie Cantor Comedy Theatre El Chapulín Colorado Ripping Yarns George Burns Comedy Week Good Heavens Human Remains Inside No. k. a. k. a. k. a. k. a, orson Welles Great Mysteries Out of the Fog Panic. Way of Life Family Theater Insight Lamp Unto My Feet Look Up, the Fisher Family Alcoa Presents, One Step Beyond Amazing Stories American Horror Story Are You Afraid of the Dark. L. k. a
10.
The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series)
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The Twilight Zone is an American science-fiction, fantasy, psychological-supernatural horror anthology television series created by Rod Serling, which ran for five seasons on CBS from 1959 to 1964. Each story typically features a moral and a surprise ending, the series is notable for featuring both established stars and younger actors who would become more famous later on. Serling served as producer and head writer, he wrote or co-wrote 92 of the shows 156 episodes. He was also the shows host and narrator, delivering monologues at the beginning, Serlings opening and closing narrations usually summarize the episodes events encapsulating how and why the main character had entered the Twilight Zone. In 2016, it was ranked No.8 on Rolling Stones list of the 100 greatest shows of all time, in 2002, The Twilight Zone was ranked No.26 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time. In 2013, the Writers Guild of America ranked it as the third best-written TV series ever, by the late 1950s, Rod Serling was a regular name in television. His successful teleplays included Patterns and Requiem for a Heavyweight, but constant changes and edits made by the networks, in Requiem for a Heavyweight, the line Got a match. But according to comments in his 1957 anthology Patterns, Serling had been trying to delve into more controversial than his works of the early 1950s. Despite bad reviews, activists sent numerous letters and wires protesting the production, the script, however, was rejected and shelved for a year until Bert Granet discovered and produced it as an episode of Desilu Playhouse in 1958. The show was a success and enabled Serling to finally begin production on his anthology series. There is a dimension, beyond that which is known to man. It is a dimension as vast as space and as timeless as infinity and it is the middle ground between light and shadow, between science and superstition, and it lies between the pit of mans fears and the summit of his knowledge. This is the dimension of imagination and it is an area which we call The Twilight Zone. The Twilight Zone premiered the night of October 2,1959 and its the one series that I will let interfere with other plans, said Terry Turner for the Chicago Daily News. Even as the show proved popular to televisions critics, it struggled to find an audience of television viewers. CBS was banking on a rating of at least 21 or 22, the series future was jeopardized when its third episode, Mr. Denton on Doomsday earned a 16.3 rating. With one exception, the first season featured scripts written only by Rod Serling and these three were responsible for 127 of the 156 episodes in the series. Additionally, with one exception, Serling never appeared on camera during any first-season episode, Serling did appear on screen in Twilight Zone promotional spots plugging the following weeks episode – just not in the episodes themselves
11.
CBS
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CBS is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation. The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major facilities and operations in New York City. CBS is sometimes referred to as the Eye Network, in reference to the iconic logo. It has also called the Tiffany Network, alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley. It can also refer to some of CBSs first demonstrations of color television, the network has its origins in United Independent Broadcasters Inc. a collection of 16 radio stations that was purchased by Paley in 1928 and renamed the Columbia Broadcasting System. Under Paleys guidance, CBS would first become one of the largest radio networks in the United States, in 1974, CBS dropped its former full name and became known simply as CBS, Inc. In 2000, CBS came under the control of Viacom, which was formed as a spin-off of CBS in 1971, CBS Corporation is controlled by Sumner Redstone through National Amusements, which also controls the current Viacom. The television network has more than 240 owned-and-operated and affiliated stations throughout the United States. The origins of CBS date back to January 27,1927, Columbia Phonographic went on the air on September 18,1927, with a presentation by the Howard Barlow Orchestra from flagship station WOR in Newark, New Jersey, and fifteen affiliates. Operational costs were steep, particularly the payments to AT&T for use of its land lines, in early 1928 Judson sold the network to brothers Isaac and Leon Levy, owners of the networks Philadelphia affiliate WCAU, and their partner Jerome Louchenheim. With the record out of the picture, Paley quickly streamlined the corporate name to Columbia Broadcasting System. He believed in the power of advertising since his familys La Palina cigars had doubled their sales after young William convinced his elders to advertise on radio. By September 1928, Paley bought out the Louchenheim share of CBS, during Louchenheims brief regime, Columbia paid $410,000 to A. H. Grebes Atlantic Broadcasting Company for a small Brooklyn station, WABC, which would become the networks flagship station. WABC was quickly upgraded, and the relocated to 860 kHz. The physical plant was relocated also – to Steinway Hall on West 57th Street in Manhattan, by the turn of 1929, the network could boast to sponsors of having 47 affiliates. Paley moved right away to put his network on a financial footing. In the fall of 1928, he entered talks with Adolph Zukor of Paramount Pictures. The deal came to fruition in September 1929, Paramount acquired 49% of CBS in return for a block of its stock worth $3.8 million at the time
12.
Robber baron (industrialist)
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Robber baron is a derogatory metaphor of social criticism originally applied to certain late 19th-century American businessmen who used unscrupulous methods to get rich. The metaphor appeared as early as February 9,1859, when The New York Times used it to characterize the unethical business practices by Cornelius Vanderbilt, stiles says the metaphor, conjures up visions of titanic monopolists who crushed competitors, rigged markets, and corrupted government. In their greed and power, legend has it, they held sway over a helpless democracy, charles R. Geisst says, in a Darwinist age, Vanderbilt developed a reputation as a plunderer who took no prisoners. The term combines the pejorative senses of criminal and aristocrat, hostile cartoonists might dress the offenders in royal garb to underscore the offense against democracy. This assumption was clearly implicit in almost all of the criticism of the period, American historian Matthew Josephson further popularized the term during the Great Depression in a 1934 book. Josephson alleged that, like the German princes, American big businessmen amassed huge fortunes immorally, unethically, the theme was popular during the 1930s amid public scorn for big business. However a counterattack by academic historians began as the Depression ended, Business historian Allan Nevins challenged this view of American big businessmen by advocating the Industrial Statesman thesis. Nevins, in his John D. Rockefeller, The Heroic Age of American Enterprise and he argued that while Rockefeller may have engaged in some unethical and illegal business practices, this should not overshadow his bringing order to the industrial chaos of the day. Gilded Age capitalists, according to Nevins, sought to order and stability on competitive business. Richard White, historian of the railroads, stated in 2011 he has no use for the concept. He notes that, Much of the history of corporations is a reaction against the Robber Barons and fictions. In the popular culture the metaphor continues, in 1975 the student body of Stanford University voted to use Robber Barons as the nickname for their sports teams. However, school administrators disallowed it, saying it was disrespectful to the schools founder, in academe, the education division of the National Endowment for the Humanities has prepared a lesson plan for schools asking whether robber baron or captain of industry is the better terminology. They state, In this lesson, you and your students will attempt to establish a distinction between robber barons and captains of industry, students will uncover some of the less honorable deeds as well as the shrewd business moves and highly charitable acts of the great industrialists and financiers. It has been argued that only such people were able to amass great amounts of capital could our country become the worlds greatest industrial power. During the Occupy Wall Street protests of 2011, the term was used by Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders in his attacks on Wall Street. He said We believe in this country, we love this country, the metaphor has also been used to characterize Russian businessmen allied to Vladimir Putin. The people here are listed in Josephson, Robber Barons or in the source, John Jacob Astor – New York Andrew Carnegie – Pittsburgh
13.
Devil
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The Devil is, according to Christianity, the primary opponent of God. Islam identifies the Devil with all those who oppose Allah, some non-Abrahamic religions contain figures similar to the Devil, such as the Buddhist demon Mara and the Zoroastrian spirit Angra Mainyu. The Modern English word devil descends from the Middle English devel, from Old English dēofol, that in turn represents an early Germanic borrowing of Latin diabolus. This in turn was borrowed from Ancient Greek Greek, διάβολος, slanderer, from Greek, διαβάλλειν to slander, διά- across, through + βάλλειν to hurl, probably akin to the Sanskrit gurate he lifts up. In the New Testament, Satan occurs more than 30 times in passages alongside diábolos, in mainstream Judaism there is no concept of a devil as in mainstream Christianity or Islam. Texts make no direct link between the serpent that tempts Eve in the Garden of Eden in Genesis and the references to Satan are in Zechariah. For the Hasidim of the century, ha-satan was Baal Davar. In the Book of Wisdom, the devil is represented as the one who brought death into the world, a similar story is found in 1 Enoch, however, in that book, the leader of the Grigori is called Semjâzâ. In the apocryphal literature, Satan rules over a host of angels, mastema, who induced God to test Abraham through the sacrifice of Isaac, is identical with Satan in both name and nature. The Book of Enoch contains references to Sathariel, thought also to be Sataniel and Satanel, the similar spellings mirror that of his angelic brethren Michael, Raphael, Uriel and Gabriel, previous to his expulsion from Heaven. In mainstream Christianity the devil is usually referred to as Satan, some modern Christians consider the devil to be an angel who, along with one-third of the angelic host rebelled against God and has consequently been condemned to the Lake of Fire. He is described as hating all humanity, opposing God, spreading lies, other modern Christians consider the devil in the Bible to refer figuratively to human sin and temptation and to any immoral human system. Satan is often identified as the serpent who convinced Eve to eat the fruit, thus. He is also identified as the dragon in the Book of Revelation, beelzebub is originally the name of a Philistine god but is also used in the New Testament as a synonym for Satan. A corrupted version, Belzeboub, appears in The Divine Comedy, in Islam the Devil is referred to as Iblis or sometimes the Shaytan. Etymologically, Iblis means the desperate in Arabic, thus, the name Iblis can be seen as a sobriquet given to Shaitan after falling from Grace. The primary characteristic of the Devil, besides hubris, is that he has no other than the power to cast evil suggestions into the hearts of men and women. He was of the jinn and departed from the command of his Lord, then will you take him and his descendants as allies other than Me while they are enemies to you
14.
FOB (shipping)
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FOB, Free On Board, is a term in international commercial law specifying at what point respective obligations, costs, and risk involved in the delivery of goods shift from the seller to the buyer. Under the Incoterms 2010 standard published by the International Chamber of Commerce, FOB terms do not define transfer of ownership of the goods. Ownership of the cargo is independent from incoterms, in international trade, ownership of the cargo is defined by the bill of lading or waybill. This term FOB is also used in modern domestic shipping within the USA to describe the point at which a seller is no longer responsible for shipping cost, indicating FOB port means that the seller pays for transportation of the goods to the port of shipment, plus loading costs. The buyer pays cost of freight transport, insurance, unloading. The passing of risks occurs when the goods are loaded on board at the port of shipment, the use of FOB originated in the days of sailing ships. When the ICC first wrote their guidelines for the use of the term in 1936, in 1954 in the case of Pyrene Co. Ltd. v. Scindia Navigation Co. Ltd. Incoterms 1990 stated, When the ships rail serves no purpose, such as in the case of roll-on/roll-off or container traffic. Incoterms 2000 adopted the wording, If the parties do not intend to deliver the goods across the ships rail, the criterion passing the ships rail is no longer in use, having been dropped from the FOB Incoterm in the 2010 revision. For example, FOB Vancouver indicates that the seller will pay for transportation of the goods to the port of Vancouver, the buyer pays for all costs beyond that point, including unloading. Responsibility for the goods is with the seller until the goods are loaded on board the ship, once the cargo is on board, the buyer assumes the risk. Due to potential confusion with domestic North American usage of FOB, it is recommended that the use of Incoterms be explicitly specified, Incoterms apply to both international trade and domestic trade, as of the 2010 revision. In North America, FOB is written into an agreement to determine where the liability responsibility for the goods transfers from the seller to the buyer. FOB stands for Free On Board or so there is no line item payment by the buyer for the cost of getting the goods onto the transport, there are two possibilities, FOB origin, or FOB destination. FOB origin means the transfer occurs as soon as the goods are safely on board the transport, FOB destination means the transfer occurs the moment the goods are removed from the transport at the destination. FOB origin indicates that the sale is considered complete at the shipping dock. With FOB destination, the sale is complete at the buyers doorstep, the two terms have a specific meaning in commercial law and cannot be altered. But the FOB terms do not need to be used, the last distinction is important for determining liability or risk of loss for goods lost or damaged in transit from the seller to the buyer
15.
International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker
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IMDb
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In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database
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TV.com
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TV. com is a website owned by CBS Interactive. The site covers television and focuses on English-language shows made or broadcast in Australia, Canada, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, the United States and the United Kingdom. Australia and UK versions of the website are available, at au. tv. com and uk. tv. com. CNET originally acquired the name in the mid-1990s to host a website for the companys technology-related TV shows. One of these shows was titled TV. com, the program, highlighting the best of the Internet for new and casual computer users, aired in U. S. syndication. CNET then acquired TV Tome, a television database. TV. com was launched a few months after that acquisition on June 1,2005, many of the features and content from the original TV Tome site were maintained in the new TV. com site. On May 15,2008, CBS formally announced its purchase of CNET Networks, TV. com continually looked at innovating the television-viewing experience by incorporating it with technology, as seen with the creation of WatchList. This service offered personalized TV listings influenced by user actions and social media, TV Tome was an American website devoted to documenting English-language television shows and their production. It was run by volunteer editors, with the assistance of user contributions, the site was founded by John Nestoriak III. The site had over 2,500 complete television series guides, over 3,500 developing television series guides, in addition to the television series guides, TV Tome had a forum for each television series, with information regarding episodes, their interpretation, and general discussions. A spin-off site, Movie Tome, was established in August 2003, a video game tome and a music tome were originally planned as well, but such plans were abandoned with the purchase of TV Tome and Movie Tome by CNET. On April 22,2005, TV Tome officially announced its acquisition by CNET, CNET reportedly bought TV Tome for US $5 million in January 2005. CNET announced plans to relocate the site to its TV. com domain, a preliminary version of the new site launched on June 1,2005 and on June 13,2005, the site was permanently redirected to TV. com with an entirely new layout. TV. com provides show descriptions, cast and crew listings, full episodes, clip length videos, discussion forums, episode guides may include synopsis information, a recap, credits, notes, trivia, quotes, and images provided by the networks. All textual information in the guides is user-generated, after a user earns a certain number of points, s/he becomes an editor for the guide and can moderate user submissions. The site provides actor guides that include actor bios, credits, trivia, like show pages, users can become editors for these guides after earning points by providing sourced content. The sites mobile application allows users to video content, including clips and full length episodes
