The concept of an Ogdoad appears in Gnostic systems of the early Christian era, and was further developed by the theologian Valentinus.
The planetary spheres were thought to be planes of existence in between the Earth and the heavenly regions
The ogdoad described by Gnostic Valentinus in the 2nd century AD (with the first two named Propator and Ennoia)
In mythological or religious cosmology, the seven heavens refer to seven levels or divisions of the Heavens. The concept, also found in the ancient Mesopotamian religions, can be found in Judaism and Islam; the Christian Bible does not mention seven levels of heaven, it mentions three; a similar concept is also found in some other religions such as Hinduism. Some of these traditions, including Jainism, also have a concept of seven earths or seven underworlds both with the metaphysical realms of deities and with observed celestial bodies such as the classical planets and fixed stars.
La materia della Divina commedia di Dante Alighieri, Plate VI: "The Ordering of Paradise" by Michelangelo Caetani (1804–1882)
A Persian miniature depicting Seven Heavens from The History of Mohammed, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris.