Taylor Swift
Taylor Alison Swift is an American singer-songwriter. One of the most popular contemporary female recording artists, she is known for songs about her personal life. Born and raised in Pennsylvania, Swift moved to Nashville, Tennessee at age 14 to pursue a career in country music and she signed with the independent label Big Machine Records and became the youngest artist ever signed by the Sony/ATV Music publishing house. Her eponymous debut album in 2006 peaked at five on Billboard 200. The albums third single, Our Song, made her the youngest person to single-handedly write, Swifts second album, was released in 2008. Buoyed by the pop success of the singles Love Story and You Belong with Me. The album won four Grammy Awards, with Swift becoming the youngest Album of the Year winner, Swift was the sole writer of her 2010 album, Speak Now. It debuted at one in the United States and the single Mean won two Grammy Awards. Her fourth album, yielded the successful singles We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together, with her fifth album, the pop-focused 1989, she became the first act to have three albums sell a million copies within one week in the United States.
Its singles Shake It Off, Blank Space and Bad Blood reached number one in the US, the album received three Grammy Awards, and Swift became the first woman and fifth act overall to win Album of the Year twice. The 2015 eponymous concert tour for 1989 became one of highest-grossing of the decade, as a songwriter, Swift has received awards from the Nashville Songwriters Association and the Songwriters Hall of Fame. Swift is one of the artists of all time, having sold more than 40 million albums—including 27.1 million in the US—and 130 million single downloads. She has appeared in Times 100 most influential people in the world, Forbes top-earning women in music, Forbes 100 most powerful women and she was the youngest woman to be included in the third of these and ranked first in Celebrity 100. Taylor Alison Swift was born on December 13,1989, in Reading and her father, Scott Kingsley Swift, was a financial advisor, and her mother, Andrea Gardner Swift, was a homemaker who worked previously as a mutual fund marketing executive.
She has a brother named Austin. Swift spent the years of her life on a Christmas tree farm in Cumru Township. She attended preschool and kindergarten at the Alvernia Montessori School, run by Franciscan nuns, the family moved to a rented house in the suburban town of Wyomissing, where she attended Wyomissing Area Junior/Senior High School. At the age of nine, Swift became interested in musical theater and she traveled regularly to New York City for vocal and acting lessons
As the World Turns
As the World Turns is an American television soap opera that aired on CBS for 54 years from April 2,1956, to September 17,2010. Irna Phillips created As the World Turns as a show to her other soap opera Guiding Light. Running for 54 years, As the World Turns holds the second-longest continuous run of any daytime soap opera on American television. As the World Turns was produced for the first 43 years in Manhattan, set in the fictional town of Oakdale, the show debuted on April 2,1956, at 1,30 pm EST. Prior to that date, all serials had been 15 minutes in length, as the World Turns and The Edge of Night, which premiered on the same day at 4,30 pm EST, were the first two to be 30 minutes in length from their premiere. At first, viewers did not respond to the new half-hour serial, in 1959, the show started a streak of weekly ratings wins that was not interrupted for over 12 years. The show switched to color on August 21,1967, and expanded from a half-hour in length to one starting on December 1,1975.
In the year-to-date ratings, As the World Turns was the daytime drama from 1958 until 1978. At its height, core actors such as Helen Wagner, Don MacLaughlin, Don Hastings, three of these actors – Wagner and Fulton – are the three longest serving actors in the history of American soap operas. The show passed its 10, 000th episode on May 12,1995, on September 18,2009, As the World Turns became the last remaining Procter and Gamble-produced soap opera for CBS after Guiding Light aired its final episode on the network. On December 8,2009, CBS announced that it cancelled As the World Turns after almost 54 years due to low ratings. The show taped its final Procter and Gamble scenes for CBS on June 23,2010, on October 18,2010, CBS replaced As the World Turns with a newly debuted talk show The Talk. As the World Turns was the creation of Irna Phillips, who beginning in the 1930s, had one of the foremost creators and writers of radio soap operas. Phillips wrote, As the world turns, we know the bleakness of winter, the promise of spring, the fullness of summer, and so it was with As the World Turns, with its slow-moving psychological character studies of families headed by legal and medical professionals.
The personal and professional lives of doctors and lawyers remained central to As the World Turns throughout its run, Phillips style favored gradual evolution over radical change. Slow and emotionally intense, the show moved at the pace of life itself –, each new addition to the cast was done in a gradual manner, and was usually a key contact to one of the members of the Hughes family. As such, the show earned a reputation as being quite conservative, during the shows early decades, the content-related policies of its sponsor Procter & Gamble Productions may have contributed to the perception of conservatism. As the World Turns premiered on April 2,1956 and it was the first television daytime drama with a 30-minute running time, all daytime dramas until had 15-minute running times
Liam Payne
Liam James Payne is an English singer and songwriter. He rose to fame as a member of the band One Direction, on 22 July 2016 Payne revealed on Twitter that he had signed a recording deal with Capitol Records. On October 17,2016, it was revealed that Payne had signed with Republic Records in the United States. Payne made his debut as a singer when he auditioned as a solo artist for the British television series The X Factor in 2008 with Fly Me to the Moon by Frank Sinatra, though cut by Simon Cowell following judges house, Payne was encouraged to audition again. He reauditioned as a solo artist in 2010, where he was put into a group along with four other contestants, the group has appeared in television and film, including the Nickelodeon series iCarly and the concert film One Direction, This Is Us. Payne has worked independently under the monikers Big Payno and Payno creating remixes for such as British pop singer Cheryl Coles single I Dont Care. Payne was born in Wolverhampton, West Midlands, England and he is the son of Karen, a nursery nurse, and Geoff Payne, a fitter.
He has two sisters and Ruth. Until the age of four, Payne had regular tests done in hospital as doctors noticed one of his kidneys was scarred, to help cope with the pain, he had 32 injections in his arm in the morning and evening as a child. As a student, Payne was heavily involved in sports, particularly cross country running, Payne originally joined the Wolverhampton and Bilston Athletics Club to pursue his running career. After failing to make the English National Team for the 2012 Olympic Games, Payne was bullied in secondary school and took up boxing lessons at the age of 12. Payne completed 11 GCSEs at St Peters Collegiate School before moving on to music technology at Wolverhampton Colleges Paget Road campus. Payne was first introduced to the world of business at age 12 as a member of the Pink Productions Theatre Company. Payne had previously performed in front of a crowd of 26,000 during a Wolverhampton Wanderers football match, Payne cites Pharrell Williams and Justin Timberlake as major musical influences.
The person who has inspired me most is Pharrell Williams who I worked with a while back. I got talking to his producer recently and asked him what Pharrell was like when he was younger, and that was amazing to me because at 22 I thought I was too old to learn guitar, revealed Payne. Payne first auditioned for the series of the British Singing Competition The X Factor in 2008. Payne moved past the first round after performing Frank Sinatras Fly Me To The Moon and he was subsequently cut at the Boot Camp stage, but Simon Cowell, who changed his mind and asked Payne to return in the Judges Houses
Brandy Norwood
Brandy Rayana Norwood, known professionally as Brandy, is an American singer, record producer and actress. Born into a family in McComb and raised in Carson, she began her career as a child. In 1993, Norwood signed with Atlantic Records, the following year, she released her self-titled debut album, which was certified quadruple Platinum in the US, selling six million copies worldwide. Norwood starred in the UPN sitcom Moesha as the title character and her second album, Never Say Never, sold 16 million copies worldwide, featured two number one singles, and earned Norwood her first Grammy Award. This launched her international stardom, with films, sold out concert tours. Throughout the 2000s, Norwood held a position in the pop industry. In 2002, she starred in the reality series Brandy, Special Delivery and her third and fourth albums, Full Moon and Afrodisiac, were released to critical and commercial success. She served as a judge on the first season of Americas Got Talent before being involved in a widely publicized car accident in 2006, after several lawsuits stemming from the accident, Norwoods fifth album, was released to commercial failure.
In the 2010s, Norwood received a critical and commercial resurgence, in 2010, she returned to television as a contestant on the eleventh season of Dancing with the Stars and starred in the reality series Brandy & Ray J, A Family Business. In 2012 she became a regular in the BET series The Game. In April 2015, Norwood made her Broadway debut in the musical Chicago and she starred in and executive produced a new sitcom Zoe Ever After on the BET network in January 2016. Throughout her career, she has sold over 40 million records worldwide, the Recording Industry Association of America lists Norwood as one of the top selling artists in the United States, with 10.5 million certified albums. Her work has earned her numerous awards and accolades, including a Grammy Award, one American Music Award and she is the older sister of entertainer Ray J, as well as a cousin of rapper Snoop Dogg. Raised in a Christian home, Norwood started singing through her fathers work as part of the church choir. In 1983, her parents relocated to Los Angeles, Norwood began entering talent shows by the time she was eleven, and, as part of a youth singing group, performed at several public functions.
To manage her daughter, Norwoods mother soon resigned from her job, while Norwood herself dropped out of Hollywood High School later, and was tutored privately from tenth grade on. During the early stages of her debut album, Norwood was selected for a role in the ABC sitcom Thea. Norwood recalled that she appreciated the cancellation of the show as she was unenthusiastic about acting at the time, and she stated, I felt bad for everybody else but me
Long Island
Long Island is an island located just off the northeast coast of the United States and a region within the U. S. state of New York. Stretching east-northeast from New York Harbor into the Atlantic Ocean, the island comprises four counties and Queens to the west, more generally, Long Island may refer collectively both to the main Island as well as its nearby, surrounding outer barrier islands. North of the island is the Long Island Sound, across from which lie the states of Connecticut, across the Sound, to the northwest, lies Westchester County on mainland New York. To the west, Long Island is separated from the Bronx and the island of Manhattan by the East River. To the extreme southwest, it is separated from the New York City borough of Staten Island and the U. S. state of New Jersey by Upper New York Bay, the Narrows, to the east lie Block Island and numerous smaller islands. Its population density is 5,595.1 inhabitants per square mile, Long Island is culturally and ethnically diverse. Some of the wealthiest and most expensive neighborhoods in the Western Hemisphere are located on Long Island, nine bridges and 13 tunnels connect Brooklyn and Queens to the three other boroughs of New York City.
Ferries connect Suffolk County northward across Long Island Sound to the state of Connecticut, the Long Island Rail Road is the busiest commuter railroad in North America and operates 24/7. At the time of European contact, the Lenape people inhabited the western end of Long Island, giovanni da Verrazzano was the first European to record an encounter with the Lenapes, after entering what is now New York Bay in 1524. In 1609, the English navigator Henry Hudson explored the harbor, adriaen Block followed in 1615 and is credited as the first European to determine that both Manhattan and Long Island are islands. Native American land deeds recorded by the Dutch from 1636 state that the Indians referred to Long Island as Sewanhaka, sewan was one of the terms for wampum, and is translated as loose or scattered, which may refer either to the wampum or to Long Island. The name t Lange Eylandt alias Matouwacs appears in Dutch maps from the 1650s, the English referred to the land as Nassau Island, after the Dutch Prince William of Nassau, Prince of Orange.
It is unclear when the name Nassau Island was discontinued, the very first settlements on Long Island were by settlers from England and its colonies in present-day New England. Lion Gardiner settled nearby Gardiners Island, the first settlement on the geographic Long Island itself was on October 21,1640, when Southold was established by the Rev. John Youngs and settlers from New Haven, Connecticut. Peter Hallock, one of the settlers, drew the long straw and was granted the honor to step ashore first and he is considered the first New World settler on Long Island. Southampton was settled in the same year, Hempstead followed in 1644, East Hampton in 1648, Huntington in 1653, and Brookhaven in 1655. While the eastern region of Long Island was first settled by the English, until 1664, the jurisdiction of Long Island was split, roughly at the present border between Nassau County and Suffolk County. The Dutch founded six towns in present-day Brooklyn beginning in 1645 and these included, Gravesend, Flatbush, New Utrecht, and Bushwick
William Adams Delano
William Adams Delano, an American architect, was a partner with Chester Holmes Aldrich in the firm of Delano & Aldrich. William Delano was born in New York City, a member of the prominent Delano family of Massachusetts and he was the cousin of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. He was the nephew of John Crosby Brown, who headed the Brown Brothers & Company banking/trading group, and his father Eugene Delano and he studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, receiving a diploma in 1903. He met his longstanding partner Chester Holmes Aldrich when they worked together at the office of Carrère and they formed their partnership after Delanos return from Europe in 1903 and almost immediately won commissions from the Rockefeller family, among others. Separately and in tandem they designed a number of buildings at Yale, Delano taught at Columbia University from 1903 to 1910. Delano alone won the commission for the second-largest residence in the United States, overlooking Cold Spring Harbor on Long Island, New York for financier Otto Kahn.
Built from 1914 to 1919 in French chateau style, with gardens by Olmsted Brothers, in 1922, Delano designed the interiors of the Grand Central Art Galleries, an artists cooperative established that year by John Singer Sargent, Edmund Greacen, Walter Leighton Clark, and others. Eight years Delano and Chester Holmes Aldrich were asked by the organization to design the U. S, the purchase of the land and construction was paid for by the Galleries and personally supervised by Clark. The pavilion and operated by the Galleries, opened on May 4,1930 and it was sold to the Museum of Modern Art in 1954 and to the Guggenheim Museum. In 1948, Delano was commissioned to design the Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial, Delano designed terminals at La Guardia and Miami airports. In Washington, D. C. he designed the Post Office building in the Federal Triangle complex and he was the architect for the 1927 renovation to the White House, one of the key contributors to its near-collapse in 1948-9, and consulted on the controversial Truman Balcony.
In addition to his work, Delano served on the board of design for the 1939 New York Worlds Fair, and, in Washington, on the National Capital Planning Commission. Commission of Fine Arts from 1924 to 1928, including as chairman in 1928. Delanos many awards and honors include election to the American Academy of Arts and Letters, and he was named an officer by the French Legion of Honor and was an academician of the National Academy of Design. In 1953, the American Institute of Architects awarded William Adams Delano its Gold Medal, Delano continued to practice almost until his death in 1960, aged 85, in New York City. Aldrich had left the partnership in 1935 to become the resident director of the American Academy at Rome, the Delano and Aldrich archive is held by the Drawings and Archives Department in the Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library at Columbia University. Surviving buildings, Tannersville, New York,1907, high Lawn, a wedding gift for William B. Osgood Field and his wife, Lila Sloane Field,1908, one of the Berkshire Cottages, barbey Building,15 West 38th Street,1909
French formal garden
The French formal garden, called the jardin à la française, is a style of garden based on symmetry and the principle of imposing order on nature. The Garden à la française evolved from the French Renaissance garden, the gardens were designed to represent harmony and order, the ideals of the Renaissance, and to recall the virtues of Ancient Rome. His successor Henry II, who had traveled to Italy and had met Leonardo da Vinci. The Château de Chenonceau had two gardens in the new style, one created for Diane de Poitiers in 1551, in 1536 the architect Philibert de lOrme, upon his return from Rome, created the gardens of the Château dAnet following the Italian rules of proportion. The different parts of the gardens were not harmoniously joined together, all this was to change in the middle of the 17th century with the development of the first real Garden à la française. The first important garden à la française was the Chateau of Vaux-le-Vicomte, created by Nicolas Fouquet, Fouquet commissioned Louis Le Vau to design the chateau, Charles Le Brun to design statues for the garden, and André Le Nôtre to create the gardens.
For the first time, that garden and the chateau were perfectly integrated, the symmetry attained at Vaux achieved a degee of perfection and unity rarely equalled in the art of classic gardens. The chateau is at the center of this spatial organization which symbolizes power. The Gardens of Versailles, created by André Le Nôtre between 1662 and 1700, were the greatest achievement of the Garden à la francaise. The central symbol of the Garden was the sun, the emblem of Louis XIV, the views and perspectives, to and from the palace, continued to infinity. The king ruled over nature, recreating in the not only his domination of his territories. Andre Le Nôtre died in 1700, but his pupils and his ideas continued to dominate the design of gardens in France through the reign of Louis XV. The major inspiration for gardens continued to be architecture, rather than nature – the architect Ange-Jacques Gabriel designed elements of the gardens at Versailles, nonetheless, a few variations in the strict geometry of the garden à la française began to appear.
Elaborate parterres of broderies, with their curves and counter-curves, were replaced by parterres of grass bordered with flowerbeds, circles became ovals, called rotules, with alleys radiating outward in the shape of an x, and irregular octagon shapes appeared. Gardens began to follow the landscape, rather than moving earth to shape the ground into artificial terraces. Jacques Boyceau, sieur de la Barauderie the superintendent of royal gardens under Louis XIII and his book, Traité du jardinage selon les raisons de la nature et de lart. Ensemble divers desseins de parterres, bosquets et autres ornements was published after his death in 1638, claude Mollet, was the chief gardener of three French Kings, Henry IV, Louis XIII and the young Louis XIV. The gardens he created became the symbols of French grandeur and rationality, joseph-Antoine Dezallier dArgenville wrote Theorie et traite de jardinage, laid out the principles of the Garden à la francaise, and included drawings and designs of gardens and parterres
Parterre
A parterre is a formal garden constructed on a level substrate, consisting of plant beds, typically in symmetrical patterns, which are separated and connected by paths. The borders of the plant beds may be formed with stone or tightly pruned hedging, the paths are constituted with gravel or turf grass. French parterres originated in the gardens of the French Renaissance of the 15th century, during the 17th century Baroque era, they became more elaborate and stylised. The French parterre reached its greatest development at the Palace of Versailles, claude Mollet, the founder of a dynasty of nurserymen-designers that lasted into the 18th century, developed the parterre in France. His inspiration in developing the 16th-century patterned compartimens, i. e. C, clipped boxwood met with resistance from horticultural patrons for its naughtie smell as the herbalist Gervase Markham described it. By the 1630s, elaborate parterres de broderie appeared at Wilton House in Wilton, England that were so magnificent that they were engraved, which engraving is the only remaining trace of them.
Parterres de pelouse or parterres de gazon denominate cutwork parterres of low growing herbs, e. g. camomile, the separation of plant beds of a pareterre is denominated an alley of compartiment. Parterre gardens lost favour in the 18th century and were superseded by naturalistic English landscape gardens, level substrates and a raised vantage point from which to view the design were required, and so the parterre was revived in a modified style. At Kensington Palace the planting of the parterres was by Henry Wise, whose nursery was nearby at Brompton, subsidiary wings have subsidiary parterres, with no attempt at overall integration. To either side, walls with busts on herm pedestals backed by young trees screen the parterre from the garden spaces. Formal baroque patterns have given way to symmetrical paired free scrolling rococo arabesques, little attempt seems to have been made to fit the framework to the shape of the parterre. Beyond paired basins have central jets of water, in the UK, modern parterres exist at Trereife Park in Penzance, at Drumlanrig Castle in Dumfriesshire and at Bodysgallen Hall near Llandudno.
Examples can be found in the Republic of Ireland, such as at Birr Castle, sentinel pyramids of yew stand at the corners. Some early knot gardens have been covered over by lawn or other landscaping, an example of this phenomenon is the early 17th-century garden of Muchalls Castle in Scotland. At Charlecote Park in Warwickshire the original parterre from the 1700s has been recreated on the terrace overlooking the river, making of a modern parterre This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain, Ephraim, ed. article name needed. Cyclopædia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences and John Knapton, et al
Morristown, New Jersey
Morristown is a town in Morris County, New Jersey, United States and the seat of Morris County. Morristown has been called the capital of the American Revolution because of its strategic role in the war for independence from Great Britain. Today this history is visible in a variety of locations throughout the town that make up Morristown National Historical Park. According to British colonial records, the first permanent European settlement at Morristown occurred in 1715, Morris County was created on March 15,1739, from portions of Hunterdon County. The county, and ultimately Morristown itself, was named for the popular Governor of the Province, Lewis Morris, who championed benefits for the colonists. Morristown was incorporated as a town by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 6,1865, within Morris Township, the area was inhabited by the Lenni Lenape Native Americans for up to 6,000 years prior to exploration by Europeans. Morristown was settled around 1715 by English Presbyterians from Southold, New York on Long Island and New Haven, the towns central location and road connections led to its selection as the seat of the new Morris County shortly after its separation from Hunterdon County on March 15,1739.
The village and county were named for Lewis Morris, the first, by the middle of the 18th century, Morristown had 250 residents, with two churches, a courthouse, two taverns, two schools, several stores, and numerous mills and farms nearby. George Washington first came to Morristown in May 1773, two years before the Revolutionary War broke out, and traveled there to New York City together with John Parke Custis. In 1777, General George Washington and the Continental Army marched from the victories at Trenton and Princeton to encamp near Morristown from January to May, Washington had his headquarters during that first encampment at Jacob Arnolds Tavern located at the Morristown Green in the center of the town. Morristown was selected for its strategic location. It was between Philadelphia and New York and near New England, the churches were used for inoculations for smallpox. That first headquarters, Arnolds Tavern, was eventually moved.5 miles south of the green onto Mount Kemble Avenue to become All Souls Hospital in the late 19th century.
It suffered a fire in 1918, and the structure was demolished. From December 1779 to June 1780 the Continental Armys second encampment at Morristown was at Jockey Hollow, Washingtons headquarters in Morristown was located at the Ford Mansion, a large mansion near what was the edge of town. Fords widow and children shared the house with Martha Washington and officers of the Continental Army, the winter of 1780 was the worst winter of the Revolutionary War. The starvation was complicated by inflation of money and lack of pay for the army. The entire Pennsylvania contingent successfully mutinied and later,200 New Jersey soldiers attempted to emulate them, during Washingtons second stay, in March 1780, he declared St. Patricks Day a holiday to honor his many Irish troops
Megyn Kelly
Megyn Marie Kelly is an American journalist, political commentator and former corporate defense attorney. From 2004 to 2017, she worked for Fox News, and in January 2017, from 2013 to 2017, Kelly hosted the eponymous The Kelly File. She previously hosted America Live, and prior to that, co-hosted Americas Newsroom with Bill Hemmer, from 2007 to 2012, the two reporters hosted Fox News Channels New Years Eve specials, All American New Year. She was included in the 2014 Time list of the 100 most influential people, Kelly was born in Champaign, Illinois, to Edward Kelly, who taught education at the State University of New York at Albany, and Linda, a homemaker. She is of Italian and German descent on her mothers side, Kellys father died of a heart attack when she was 15 years old. Kelly attended Tecumseh Elementary School, in DeWitt, New York, at age 9, her family moved to the Albany, New York, suburb of Delmar, where she attended Bethlehem Central High School. She obtained a degree in political science from Syracuse University in 1992.
She joined Jones Day for nine years, where one of her clients was the credit bureau Experian, in 2003, Kelly moved to Washington, D. C. where she was hired by the ABC affiliate WJLA-TV as a general assignment reporter. After working as a journalist for WJLA, Kelly applied for a job at Fox News Channel in 2004. CNN president Jonathan Klein would regret not hiring Kelly as a reporter at the beginning of her career, Kelly contributed legal segments for Special Report with Brit Hume and hosted her own legal segment, Kellys Court, during Weekend Live. She appeared on a segment on The OReilly Factor and occasionally filled in for Greta Van Susteren on On the Record. She occasionally contributed as an anchor, but more often as an anchor on weekends. On February 1,2010, Kelly began hosting her own afternoon show, America Live. She has been a guest-panelist on Fox News late-night satire program Red Eye w/ Greg Gutfeld, in 2010, viewership for America Live increased by 20%, averaging 1,293,000 viewers, and increased by 4% in the 25–54 age demographic, averaging 268,000 viewers.
In December 2010, Kelly was confirmed to be hosting a New Years Eve special with Bill Hemmer, Kelly received media attention for her coverage of the results of the 2012 United States presidential election. On November 6,2012, Fox News projected that Obama would win a term after part of the results had been released. In response to Karl Roves opposition to this projection, Kelly asked Rove, Kelly left as host of America Live in the beginning of July 2013 for maternity leave and returned to host a new nightly program The Kelly File on October 7,2013. Over the years, The Kelly File has at different times overtaken the channels number one The OReilly Factor in ratings
National Trust for Historic Preservation
The National Trust for Historic Preservation is a privately funded, nonprofit organization based in Washington, D. C. that works in the field of historic preservation in the United States. The organization is governed by a board of trustees and led by current president, the National Trust presently has around 750,000 members and supporters. The National Trust issues the quarterly Preservation magazine and produces the PreservationNation blog, towards the end of the 19th century, as the United States was rebuilding after the Civil War, the country was beginning to form its sense of national identity and history. The government began to enact legislation for the preservation of sites, in 1872, an Act of Congress established the first National Park, Yellowstone. In 1906, the Antiquities Act enabled the President to declare landmarks or objects as a national monument, in 1935, Congress passed the Historic Sites Act which outlined programs for research and inventory of historic sites. Meanwhile, historic preservation initiatives existed on local and state levels, in 1931, the first historic district was created in Charleston, South Carolina.
However, efforts to save and maintain historic sites were largely limited to private citizens or local groups. In the late 1940s, leaders in American historic preservation saw the need for an organization to support local preservation efforts. In 1946, David E. Finley, Jr. George McAneny, Christopher Crittenden, the meeting’s attendants became the first charter members of the Council. The organization’s first headquarters was in the offices of Ford’s Theatre in downtown Washington, the creation of the National Trust was proposed as a bill to Congress, H. R.5170, introduced by Congressman J. Hardin Peterson of Florida and passed. The National Trust for Historic Preservation was formally established through the Act of Congress when President Harry S. Truman signed the legislation on October 26,1949. The charter provided that the Trust should acquire and preserve historic sites and objects of national significance, Finley served as the National Trusts first chairman of the board, remaining in the position for 12 years.
The National Trust and the National Council existed side by side for years until the need to merge resources compelled the Executive Committee to integrate the two entities. In 1952, the boards of organizations approved a merger of the Council into the National Trust. The merger was effective the following year and was completed by 1956, the National Trust became a membership organization and assumed all other functions of the National Council. In 1957, the National Trust officially acquired its first property, over the next decade, the National Trust grew to become the leading national organization in historic preservation. They began working with citizens and city planning officials on matters, including federal, state. National Trust staff traveled to parts of the country to advise local communities on preservation projects, in 1966, Congress passed the National Historic Preservation Act, a significant legislation for the preservation movement
