1.
Ohio
–
Ohio /oʊˈhaɪ. oʊ/ is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Ohio is the 34th largest by area, the 7th most populous, the states capital and largest city is Columbus. The state takes its name from the Ohio River, the name originated from the Iroquois word ohi-yo’, meaning great river or large creek. Partitioned from the Northwest Territory, the state was admitted to the Union as the 17th state on March 1,1803, Ohio is historically known as the Buckeye State after its Ohio buckeye trees, and Ohioans are also known as Buckeyes. Ohio occupies 16 seats in the United States House of Representatives, Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections. Six Presidents of the United States have been elected who had Ohio as their home state, Ohios geographic location has proven to be an asset for economic growth and expansion. Because Ohio links the Northeast to the Midwest, much cargo, Ohio has the nations 10th largest highway network, and is within a one-day drive of 50% of North Americas population and 70% of North Americas manufacturing capacity. To the north, Lake Erie gives Ohio 312 miles of coastline, Ohios southern border is defined by the Ohio River, and much of the northern border is defined by Lake Erie. Ohios neighbors are Pennsylvania to the east, Michigan to the northwest, Ontario Canada, to the north, Indiana to the west, Kentucky on the south, Ohio is bounded by the Ohio River, but nearly all of the river itself belongs to Kentucky and West Virginia. Ohio has only that portion of the river between the rivers 1792 low-water mark and the present high-water mark, the border with Michigan has also changed, as a result of the Toledo War, to angle slightly northeast to the north shore of the mouth of the Maumee River. Much of Ohio features glaciated plains, with a flat area in the northwest being known as the Great Black Swamp. Most of Ohio is of low relief, but the unglaciated Allegheny Plateau features rugged hills, in 1965 the United States Congress passed the Appalachian Regional Development Act, at attempt to address the persistent poverty and growing economic despair of the Appalachian Region. This act defines 29 Ohio counties as part of Appalachia, the worst weather disaster in Ohio history occurred along the Great Miami River in 1913. Known as the Great Dayton Flood, the entire Miami River watershed flooded, as a result, the Miami Conservancy District was created as the first major flood plain engineering project in Ohio and the United States. Grand Lake St. Marys in the west central part of the state was constructed as a supply of water for canals in the era of 1820–1850. For many years this body of water, over 20 square miles, was the largest artificial lake in the world and it should be noted that Ohios canal-building projects were not the economic fiasco that similar efforts were in other states. Some cities, such as Dayton, owe their emergence to location on canals. Summers are typically hot and humid throughout the state, while winters generally range from cool to cold, precipitation in Ohio is moderate year-round
2.
United States Census
–
The actual Enumeration shall be made within three Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten Years. The United States Census Bureau is responsible for the United States Census, the first census after the American Revolution was taken in 1790, under Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson, there have been 22 federal censuses since that time. The current national census was held in 2010, the census is scheduled for 2020. For years between the censuses, the Census Bureau issues estimates made using surveys and statistical models, in particular. Title 13 of the United States Code governs how the Census is conducted, Information is confidential as per 13 U. S. C. The United States Census is a census, which is distinct from the U. S. Census of Agriculture. It is also distinct from local censuses conducted by some states or local jurisdictions, Decennial U. S. Census figures are based on actual counts of persons dwelling in U. S. residential structures. They include citizens, non-citizen legal residents, non-citizen long-term visitors, the Census Bureau bases its decision about whom to count on the concept of usual residence. Usual residence, a principle established by the Census Act of 1790, is defined as the place a person lives, the Census also uses hot deck imputation to assign data to housing units where occupation status is unknown. This practice has effects across many areas, but is seen by some as controversial, however, the practice was ruled constitutional by the U. S. Supreme Court in Utah v. Evans. Certain American citizens living overseas are specifically excluded from being counted in the even though they may vote. Only Americans living abroad who are Federal employees and their dependents living overseas with them are counted, private U. S. citizens living abroad who are not affiliated with the Federal government will not be included in the overseas counts. These overseas counts are used solely for reapportioning seats in the U. S, in the United States recent censuses, Census Day has been April 1. However, it was previously in August, as per instructions given to U. S. Marshals, All the questions refer to the day when the enumeration is to commence. Disadvantaged minorities are more likely to be undercounted. For example, the Census Bureau estimates that in 1970 over six percent of blacks went uncounted, democrats often argue that modern sampling techniques should be used so that more accurate and complete data can be inferred. Republicans often argue against such sampling techniques, stating the U. S, constitution requires an actual enumeration for apportionment of House seats, and that political appointees would be tempted to manipulate the sampling formulas. Although the sticker was unofficial and the results were not added to the census, she, in 2015 Laverne Cox called for transgender people to be counted in the census
3.
Ohio's 10th congressional district
–
Ohios 10th congressional district is represented by Representative Mike Turner. The district is based in southwestern Ohio and consists of Montgomery, Greene, the following chart shows historic election results. Ohios 10th congressional district Democratic primary election 2008 Ohios congressional districts List of United States congressional districts Martis, the Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts, Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present
4.
Cuyahoga County, Ohio
–
Cuyahoga County is a county located in the U. S. state of Ohio. As of the 2016 census estimates, the population was 1,249,352 and its county seat is Cleveland. The county is named after the Iroquoian word Cuyahoga, which means crooked river. The name is assigned to the Cuyahoga River, which bisects the county. Cuyahoga County is included in the Cleveland-Elyria, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area, former U. S. President James A. Garfield was born in what was Cuyahoga Countys Orange Township. After the discovery of the New World, the land that became Cuyahoga County was originally part of the French colony of Canada, which was ceded in 1763 to Great Britain and renamed Province of Quebec. In the late 18th century the land part of the Connecticut Western Reserve in the Northwest Territory. Cuyahoga County was created on June 7,1807 and organized on May 1,1810 and it was later reduced by the creation of Huron, Lake, and Lorain Counties. It was named after the Cuyahoga River, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,246 square miles, of which 457 square miles is land and 788 square miles is water. It is the second-largest county in Ohio by total area, a portion of Cuyahoga Valley National Park is located in the southeastern portion of the county. Lake County Geauga County Summit County Medina County Lorain County Portage County As of the 2010 Census, there were 1,280,122 people,571,457 households, the population density was 2,800 people per square mile. There were 621,763 housing units at a density of 1,346 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 63. 6% White,29. 7% African American,0. 2% Native American,2. 6% Asian,0. 02% Pacific Islander,1. 8% from other races, and 2. 1% from two or more races. 4. 8% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 16. 5% were of German,12. 8% Irish,8. 8% Italian,8. 1% Polish,5. 9% English,3. 7% Slovak and 3. 1% Hungarian, ancestries. There are also numbers of Russians, French, Arabs, Ukrainians. 88. 4% spoke English,3. 7% Spanish, and 4. 9% some other Indo-European language,7. 3% of the population were foreign-born. 32. 80% of all households were made up of individuals and 12. 10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.06. In the county, the population was out with 25. 00% under the age of 18,8. 00% from 18 to 24,29. 30% from 25 to 44,22. 20% from 45 to 64
5.
Joshua Reed Giddings
–
Joshua Reed Giddings was an American attorney, politician and a prominent opponent of slavery. He represented Ohio in the U. S. House of Representatives from 1838–59 and he was at first a member of the Whig Party and was later a Republican, helping found the party. He quickly resigned, but was overwhelmingly re-elected by his Ohio constituents in an election to fill the vacant seat. He returned to the House and served a total of twenty more years as representative. Joshua Reed Giddings was born at Tioga Point, now Athens, Bradford County, Pennsylvania, in 1806 his parents Elizabeth and Joshua Giddings moved the family to Ashtabula County, Ohio, which was then sparsely settled. Here they settled on Ohios Western Reserve, where Giddings lived for most of the rest of his life, many settlers from New England went there. As the Reserve was widely famous for its radicalism, Giddings may have inspired in his first stirrings of passion for antislavery. Giddings worked on his fathers farm and, although he received no education, devoted much time to study. As a teenager he joined a regiment for the War of 1812. He served for five months, including battles against American Indian allies of the British, for several years after the war Giddings was a schoolteacher. He later read law with Elisha Whittlesey in preparation for a career as an attorney, in February 1821 Giddings was admitted to the bar in Ohio. He soon built up a practice, particularly in criminal cases. From 1831 to 1837 he was in partnership with Benjamin Wade, Giddings was first elected to the Ohio House of Representatives, serving one term from 1826–1827. The Panic of 1837, in which Giddings lost a great deal of money and he ran for federal office and was elected to Congress. Giddings ran first as a Whig, then as a Free-soiler, next as a candidate of the Opposition Party, not being an official committee, they met their operating expenses out of their own pockets. Their headquarters was in a boarding-house directly in front of the Capitol, where Giddings, Gates, John Quincy Adams of Massachusetts was not a member of the committee, but acted as a powerful ally. Giddings found an opportunity to attack slavery when on February 9,1841, he delivered a speech upon the Seminole War in Florida. In the Creole case of 1841, American slaves had revolted and forced the brig Creole into Nassau, Bahamas, southern slaveholders argued for the federal government to demand the return of the slaves or compensation
6.
Whig Party (United States)
–
The Whig Party was a political party active in the middle of the 19th century in the United States. Four US presidents belonged to the party while in office and it emerged in the 1830s as the immediate successor to the National Republican and Anti-Masonic Parties, and was also rooted in the tradition of the Federalist Party. Along with the rival Democratic Party, it was central to the Second Party System from the early 1840s to the mid-1860s and it originally formed in opposition to the policies of President Andrew Jackson and his Democratic Party. In particular, the Whigs supported the supremacy of the US Congress over the Presidency and favored a program of modernization, banking and it appealed to entrepreneurs, planters, reformers and the emerging urban middle class, but had little appeal to farmers or unskilled workers. It included many active Protestants, and voiced a moralistic opposition to the Jacksonian Indian removal, Party founders chose the Whig name to echo the American Whigs of the 18th century who fought for independence. The underlying political philosophy of the American Whig Party was not directly related to the British Whig party, the Whig Party nominated several presidential candidates in 1836. General William Henry Harrison of Ohio was nominated in 1840, former Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky in 1844, another war hero, General Winfield Scott of New Jersey was the Whig Partys last presidential nominee, in 1852. In its two decades of existence, the Whig Party had two of its candidates, Harrison and Taylor, elected president, John Tyler succeeded to the presidency after Harrisons death in 1841, but was expelled from the party later that year. Millard Fillmore, who became president after Taylors death in 1850, was the last Whig president, the party fell apart because of the internal tension over the expansion of slavery to the territories. Most Whig Party leaders eventually quit politics or changed parties, the northern voter base mostly gravitated to the new Republican Party. In the South, most joined the Know Nothing Party, which unsuccessfully ran Fillmore in the 1856 presidential election, the Constitutional Union Party experienced significant success from conservative former Whigs in the Upper South during the 1860 presidential election. Whig ideology as a policy orientation persisted for decades and played a role in shaping the modernizing policies of the state governments during Reconstruction. The name Whig derived from a term that Patriots used to refer to themselves during the American Revolution and it indicated hostility to the British Sovereign, and despite the identical name, did not directly derive from the British Whig Party. The American Whigs were modernizers who saw President Andrew Jackson as a man on horseback with a reactionary opposition to the forces of social, economic. Casting their enemy as King Andrew, they sought to identify themselves as opponents of governmental overreaching. Despite the apparent unity of Jeffersons Democratic-Republicans from 1800 to 1824, as Jackson purged his opponents, vetoed internal improvements, and killed the Second Bank of the United States, alarmed local elites fought back. In 1831, Henry Clay re-entered the Senate and started planning a new party and he defended national rather than sectional interests. His Jacksonian opponents, however, distrusted the government and opposed all federal aid for internal improvements
7.
28th United States Congress
–
It met in Washington, D. C. from March 4,1843 to March 4,1845, during the third and fourth years of John Tylers presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Sixth Census of the United States in 1840, the Senate had a Whig majority, and the House had a Democratic majority. May 24,1844, The first electrical telegram was sent by Samuel F. B. Morse from the U. S. Capitol to the B&O Railroad outer depot in Baltimore, Maryland, saying What hath God wrought. December 4,1844, U. S. presidential election,1844, James K. Polk defeated Henry Clay January 23,1845, Presidential Election Day Act, ch. 1,5 Stat.721 March 3,1845, For the first time, a bill, relating to revenue cutters and steamers, was thereby enacted as the last Act of the 28th Congress, session II, ch. July 3,1844, Treaty of Wanghia signed March 1,1845, Resolution for the Annexation of Texas,5 Stat.797 March 3,1845, the statute also allowed for the provisional admission of Iowa, pending a referendum in that state. During this congress, two Senate seats were added for the new state of Florida, following the 1840 United States Census, Congress reapportioned the House to include 223 seats. During this congress, one House seat was added for the new state of Florida, President, Vacant President pro tempore, Willie P. Mangum Speaker, John W. Jones This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district, senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, skip to House of Representatives, below Representatives are listed by their district numbers. The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress, french, from January 18,1845 Doorkeeper, Jesse E. The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, the Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. Congressional Directory for the 28th Congress, 2nd Session
8.
30th United States Congress
–
It met in Washington, D. C. from March 4,1847 to March 4,1849, during the last two years of the administration of President James K. Polk. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Sixth Census of the United States in 1840, the Senate had a Democratic majority, and the House had a Whig majority. It was the only Congress in which Abraham Lincoln served. S, presidential election,1848, Whig Zachary Taylor defeated Lewis Cass in the first US presidential election held in every state on the same day. 1846–1848, Mexican-American War March 3,1849, United States Department of the Interior established,108,9 Stat.395 March 3,1849, Gold Coinage Act, sess. 109,9 Stat.397 February 2,1848, Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo signed, ending the Mexican–American War, may 29,1848, Wisconsin admitted as the 30th U. S. state, sess. 50,9 Stat.235 August 14,1848, Oregon Territory was formed from territory ceded by Great Britain, March 3,1849, Minnesota Territory formed from the Wisconsin Territory, sess. 121,9 Stat.403 During this congress, two Senate seats was added for the new state of Wisconsin, during this congress, two House seats were added for the new state of Wisconsin. President, George M. Dallas President pro tempore, David R. Atchison Speaker, winthrop This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district, skip to House of Representatives, below The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers. The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress, the Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts, Congressional Directory for the 30th Congress, 3rd Session
9.
Ohio's 16th congressional district
–
The 16th congressional district of Ohio is represented by Representative Jim Renacci. It also includes some rural communities east of Akron, as well as some of the suburbs of Cleveland. From 2003 to 2013 the district was based in Stark County, on November 2,2010, John Boccieri lost his bid for a second term to Republican Jim Renacci, who was seated in January 2011. The following chart shows historic election results, ohios congressional districts List of United States congressional districts Martis, Kenneth C. The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, the Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present
Joshua Reed Giddings
John Hutchins
Richard C. Parsons
Henry B. Payne
Amos Townsend
David R. Paige
William McKinley
George W. Crouse
Martin L. Smyser
Vincent A. Taylor
William J. White
Clifton B. Beach
Fremont O. Phillips
Jacob A. Beidler
L. Paul Howland
-hec.17530.jpg)
William Gordon
Charles A. Mooney
Miner G. Norton
Martin L. Sweeney
Michael A. Feighan
James V. Stanton
Mary Rose Oakar