Oil shale
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Oil shale is an organic-rich fine-grained sedimentary rock containing kerogen from which liquid hydrocarbons can be produced. In addition to kerogen, general composition of oil shales constitutes inor
Outcrop of Ordovician oil shale (kukersite), northern Estonia
Photomicrographs showing a cannel coal (top) 100% organic matrix and a rich oil shale (bottom) with relatively low mineral content
Fossils in Ordovician oil shale (kukersite), northern Estonia
Autun oil shale mines
Shale oil
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Shale oil is an unconventional oil produced from oil shale rock fragments by pyrolysis, hydrogenation, or thermal dissolution. These processes convert the organic matter within the rock into synthetic
Oil shale
…sufficiently high temperature causes the chemical process of pyrolysis to yield a vapor. Upon cooling the vapor, the liquid unconventional oil, called shale oil, is separated from combustible oil-shale gas. Shale oil is a substitute for conventional crude oil; however, extracting shale oil is costlier than the…
Three West Lothian shale mounds, evidence of the early paraffin oil industry in the 19th century Scotland