Operation Leo was a plan to kidnap the Swedish minister for immigration, Anna-Greta Leijon, in 1977. The plan was devised by the second generation of the German Red Army Faction.

Anna-Greta Leijon was a Swedish Social Democratic politician. Leijon began her political career in 1964 at the Swedish Labour Market Administration, eventually becoming its director in 1970. From 1973 to 1976, she served as a minister without portfolio and was a member of the Riksdag from 1974 to 1990, notably serving as vice chairman of the Committee on the Labour Market from 1979 to 1982.