Operation Passage to Freedom was a term used by the United States Navy to describe the propaganda effort and the assistance in transporting 310,000 Vietnamese civilians, soldiers and non-Vietnamese me
Up to a million people (about 800 thousand of them are Catholics) left communist North Vietnam during Operation Passage to Freedom after the country was partitioned (USS Calaveras County).
Propaganda poster exhorting Northerners to move South-title: "Go South to avoid Communism". Bottom caption: "Southern compatriots are welcoming Northern brothers and sisters with open arms."
North Vietnamese refugees move from a French landing ship to the USS Montague during Operation Passage to Freedom in August 1954.
USS Menard, the first American ship to participate in the naval evacuation
The Geneva Conference was intended to settle outstanding issues resulting from the Korean War and the First Indochina War and involved several nations. It took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from 26 Ap
Operation Passage to Freedom
…and 1955. The French and other countries may have transported a further 500,000. In the wake of the French defeat at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu, the Geneva Accords of 1954 decided the fate of French Indochina after eight years of war between the French Union forces and the Viet Minh, which fought for Vietnamese independence…
A Geneva Conference session
Geneva Conference, 21 July 1954. Last plenary session on Indochina in the Palais des Nations. Second left Vyacheslav Molotov, two unidentified Soviets, Anthony Eden, Sir Harold Caccie, and W.D. Allen. In the foreground, the North Vietnamese delegation.
Demonstration in Hanoi opposing the Viet Minh's proposed partition of Vietnam.
Caricature in a Saigon periodical in August 1955, satirizing the division of Vietnam by foreign powers at the Geneva Conference. The angel of peace looks worried as the Russian bear, French rooster, British lion, and American eagle surround the tiny Vietnamese dove lying on the table.