Orientalism is a 1978 book by Edward Said, in which he establishes the term "Orientalism" as a critical concept to describe the Western world's commonly contemptuous depiction and portrayal of the Eas
Cover of the first edition, showing part of The Snake Charmer (1880), an Orientalist painting by Jean-Léon Gérôme (1824–1904) currently held at the Clark Art Institute
The Sea Battle at Salamis (1868) envisages the Greco-Persian Wars as an East–West clash of civilisations.
The Reception of the Ambassadors in Damascus (1511) depicts the "Arabic culture" of 16th-century Syria as part of a "romanticized" Orient.
The Eastern world depicted in The Snake Charmer (1880), by Jean-Léon Gérôme, illustrates the sensuous beauty and cultural mystery of the fiction that is "the exotic Orient".
Bernard Lewis was a British-American historian specialized in Oriental studies. He was also known as a public intellectual and political commentator. Lewis was the Cleveland E. Dodge Professor Emeritu
Lewis in 2012
David Horovitz interviewing Bernard Lewis in 2011