1.
Newspaper
–
A newspaper is a serial publication containing news about current events, other informative articles about politics, sports, arts, and so on, and advertising. A newspaper is usually, but not exclusively, printed on relatively inexpensive, the journalism organizations that publish newspapers are themselves often metonymically called newspapers. As of 2017, most newspapers are now published online as well as in print, the online versions are called online newspapers or news websites. Newspapers are typically published daily or weekly, News magazines are also weekly, but they have a magazine format. General-interest newspapers typically publish news articles and feature articles on national and international news as well as local news, typically the paper is divided into sections for each of those major groupings. Papers also include articles which have no byline, these articles are written by staff writers, a wide variety of material has been published in newspapers. As of 2017, newspapers may also provide information about new movies, most newspapers are businesses, and they pay their expenses with a mixture of subscription revenue, newsstand sales, and advertising revenue. Some newspapers are government-run or at least government-funded, their reliance on advertising revenue, the editorial independence of a newspaper is thus always subject to the interests of someone, whether owners, advertisers, or a government. Some newspapers with high editorial independence, high quality. This is a way to avoid duplicating the expense of reporting from around the world, circa 2005, there were approximately 6,580 daily newspaper titles in the world selling 395 million print copies a day. Worldwide annual revenue approached $100 billion in 2005-7, then plunged during the financial crisis of 2008-9. Revenue in 2016 fell to only $53 billion, hurting every major publisher as their efforts to gain online income fell far short of the goal. Besides remodeling advertising, the internet has also challenged the business models of the era by crowdsourcing both publishing in general and, more specifically, journalism. In addition, the rise of news aggregators, which bundle linked articles from online newspapers. Increasing paywalling of online newspapers may be counteracting those effects, the oldest newspaper still published is the Gazzetta di Mantova, which was established in Mantua in 1664. While online newspapers have increased access to newspapers by people with Internet access, literacy is also a factor which prevents people who cannot read from being able to benefit from reading newspapers. Periodicity, They are published at intervals, typically daily or weekly. This ensures that newspapers can provide information on newly-emerging news stories or events, currency, Its information is as up to date as its publication schedule allows
Newspaper
–
Front page of
The New York Times on
Armistice Day, 11 November 1918.
Newspaper
–
Journalism
Newspaper
–
Title page of Carolus'
Relation from 1609, the earliest newspaper
Newspaper
–
Diario de Pernambuco, founded in November 1825 is the second oldest circulating newspaper in South America, after
El Peruano, founded in October of that same year.
2.
Broadsheet
–
A broadsheet is the largest newspaper format and is characterized by long vertical pages. The term derives from types of popular prints usually just of a sheet, sold on the streets and containing various types of material. The first broadsheet newspaper was the Dutch Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, other common newspaper formats include the smaller Berliner and tabloid/compact formats. Many broadsheets measure approximately 29 1⁄2 by 23 1⁄2 inches per full broadsheet spread, australian and New Zealand broadsheets always have a paper size of A1 per spread. South African broadsheet newspapers have a spread sheet size of 820 by 578 mm or 32.3 by 22.8 in. Others measure 22 inches or 560 millimetres vertically, in the United States, the traditional dimensions for the front page half of a broadsheet are 15 inches wide by 22 3⁄4 inches long. However, in efforts to save newsprint costs many U. S. newspapers have downsized to 12 inches wide by 22 3⁄4 inches long for a folded page. Many rate cards and specification cards refer to the size with dimensions representing the front page half of a broadsheet size, rather than the full. Some quote actual page size and others quote the area size. The two versions of the broadsheet are, Full broadsheet – The full broadsheet typically is folded vertically in half so that it forms four pages, the four pages are called a spread. Half broadsheet – The half broadsheet is usually a page that is not folded vertically and just includes a front. In uncommon instances, an entire newspaper can be a two-page half broadsheet or four-page full broadsheet, totally self-contained advertising circulars inserted in a newspaper in the same format are referred to as broadsheets. Broadsheets typically are also folded horizontally in half to accommodate newsstand display space, the horizontal fold however does not affect the page numbers and the content remains vertical. The most important newspaper stories are placed above the fold and this contrasts with tabloids which typically do not have a horizontal fold. The broadsheet has since emerged as the most popular format for the dissemination of printed news, historically, broadsheets developed after the British in 1712 placed a tax on newspapers based on the number of their pages. The original purpose of the broadsheet, or broadside, was for the purpose of posting royal proclamations, acts, eventually the people began using the broadsheet as a source for political activism by reprinting speeches, ballads or narrative songs originally performed by bards. With the early mechanization of the 19th century came an increase in production of printed materials including the broadside as well as the penny dreadful. In this period all over Europe began to print their issues on broadsheets
Broadsheet
–
A broadsheet newspaper
Broadsheet
–
Comparison of some newspaper sizes with metric paper sizes. Approximate nominal dimensions are in millimetres.
3.
Orlando, Florida
–
Orlando is a city in the U. S. state of Florida and the county seat of Orange County. Located in Central Florida, it is the center of the Orlando metropolitan area, which had a population of 4,000,002, according to U. S. As of 2015, Orlando had an estimated population of 270,934, making it the 73rd-largest city in the United States, the fourth-largest city in Florida. The City of Orlando is nicknamed The City Beautiful, and its symbol is the fountain at Lake Eola, Orlando is also known as The Theme Park Capital of the World and in 2014 its tourist attractions and events drew more than 62 million visitors. The Orlando International Airport is the thirteenth-busiest airport in the United States, with the exception of Walt Disney World, most major attractions are located along International Drive. The city is one of the busiest American cities for conferences and conventions. Orlando is home to the University of Central Florida, which is the largest university campus in the United States in terms of enrollment as of 2015, in 2010, Orlando was listed as a Gamma− level of world-city in the World Cities Study Groups inventory. Orlando ranks as the fourth-most popular American city based on where people want to live according to a 2009 Pew Research Center study. Fort Gatlin, as the Orlando area was known, was established at what is now just south of the city limits by the 4th U. S. Artillery under the command of Ltc, alexander C. W. Fanning on November 9,1838 during the construction of a series of fortified encampments across Florida during the Second Seminole War. The fort and surrounding area were named for Dr. John S. Gatlin, king Phillip and Coacoochee frequented this area and the tree was alleged to be the place where the previous 1835 ambush that had killed over 100 soldiers had been planned. When the U. S. military abandoned the fort in 1839 the surrounding community was built up by settlers, prior to being known by its current name, Orlando was once known as Jernigan. Aarron Jernigan became Orange Countys first State Representative in 1845 but his pleas for military protection went unanswered. Fort Gatlin was briefly reoccupied by the military for a few weeks during October and November 1849, a historical marker indicates that by 1850 the Jernigan homestead served as the nucleus of a village named Jernigan. One of the countys first records, a grand jurys report, mentions a stockade where it states homesteaders were driven from their homes, Aaron Jernigan led a local volunteer militia during 1852. Jernigan appears on an 1855 map of Florida and by 1856 the area had become the county seat of Orange County and it is known for certain that the area was renamed Orlando in 1857. The move is believed to be sparked, in part, by Aaron Jernigans fall from grace after he was relieved of his command by military officials in 1856. His behavior was so notorious that Secretary of War Jefferson Davis wrote, in 1859, Jernigan and his sons were accused of committing a murder at the towns post office
Orlando, Florida
Orlando, Florida
Orlando, Florida
Orlando, Florida
4.
Florida
–
Florida /ˈflɒrᵻdə/ is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U. S. states. Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and is the largest city by area in the contiguous United States, the Miami metropolitan area is Floridas most populous urban area. The city of Tallahassee is the state capital, much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil. The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south, the American alligator, American crocodile, Florida panther, and manatee can be found in the Everglades National Park. It was a location of the Seminole Wars against the Native Americans. Today, Florida is distinctive for its large Cuban expatriate community and high population growth, the states economy relies mainly on tourism, agriculture, and transportation, which developed in the late 19th century. Florida is also renowned for amusement parks, orange crops, the Kennedy Space Center, Florida has attracted many writers such as Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, Ernest Hemingway and Tennessee Williams, and continues to attract celebrities and athletes. It is internationally known for golf, tennis, auto racing, by the 16th century, the earliest time for which there is a historical record, major Native American groups included the Apalachee, the Timucua, the Ais, the Tocobaga, the Calusa and the Tequesta. Florida was the first part of the continental United States to be visited and settled by Europeans, the earliest known European explorers came with the Spanish conquistador Juan Ponce de León. Ponce de León spotted and landed on the peninsula on April 2,1513 and he named the region La Florida. The story that he was searching for the Fountain of Youth is a myth, in May 1539, Conquistador Hernando de Soto skirted the coast of Florida, searching for a deep harbor to land. He described seeing a wall of red mangroves spread mile after mile, some reaching as high as 70 feet. Very soon, many smokes appeared along the whole coast, billowing against the sky, the Spanish introduced Christianity, cattle, horses, sheep, the Spanish language, and more to Florida. Both the Spanish and French established settlements in Florida, with varying degrees of success, in 1559, Don Tristán de Luna y Arellano established a settlement at present-day Pensacola, making it the first attempted settlement in Florida, but it was abandoned by 1561. Spain maintained tenuous control over the region by converting the tribes to Christianity. The area of Spanish Florida diminished with the establishment of English settlements to the north, the English attacked St. Augustine, burning the city and its cathedral to the ground several times. Florida attracted numerous Africans and African-Americans from adjacent British colonies who sought freedom from slavery, in 1738, Governor Manuel de Montiano established Fort Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mose near St
Florida
–
St. Augustine is the oldest city in the U.S., established in 1565 by Spain.
Florida
–
Flag
Florida
–
Aerial view of
Castillo De San Marcos (Florida).
Florida
–
The five flags of Florida from the right,
Spain (1565–1763), the
Kingdom of Great Britain, Spain (1784–1821), the
Confederacy, and the United States. France (flag not shown) also controlled part of Florida.
5.
International Standard Serial Number
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An International Standard Serial Number is an eight-digit serial number used to uniquely identify a serial publication. The ISSN is especially helpful in distinguishing between serials with the same title, ISSN are used in ordering, cataloging, interlibrary loans, and other practices in connection with serial literature. The ISSN system was first drafted as an International Organization for Standardization international standard in 1971, ISO subcommittee TC 46/SC9 is responsible for maintaining the standard. When a serial with the content is published in more than one media type. For example, many serials are published both in print and electronic media, the ISSN system refers to these types as print ISSN and electronic ISSN, respectively. The format of the ISSN is an eight digit code, divided by a hyphen into two four-digit numbers, as an integer number, it can be represented by the first seven digits. The last code digit, which may be 0-9 or an X, is a check digit. Formally, the form of the ISSN code can be expressed as follows, NNNN-NNNC where N is in the set, a digit character. The ISSN of the journal Hearing Research, for example, is 0378-5955, where the final 5 is the check digit, for calculations, an upper case X in the check digit position indicates a check digit of 10. To confirm the check digit, calculate the sum of all eight digits of the ISSN multiplied by its position in the number, the modulus 11 of the sum must be 0. There is an online ISSN checker that can validate an ISSN, ISSN codes are assigned by a network of ISSN National Centres, usually located at national libraries and coordinated by the ISSN International Centre based in Paris. The International Centre is an organization created in 1974 through an agreement between UNESCO and the French government. The International Centre maintains a database of all ISSNs assigned worldwide, at the end of 2016, the ISSN Register contained records for 1,943,572 items. ISSN and ISBN codes are similar in concept, where ISBNs are assigned to individual books, an ISBN might be assigned for particular issues of a serial, in addition to the ISSN code for the serial as a whole. An ISSN, unlike the ISBN code, is an identifier associated with a serial title. For this reason a new ISSN is assigned to a serial each time it undergoes a major title change, separate ISSNs are needed for serials in different media. Thus, the print and electronic versions of a serial need separate ISSNs. Also, a CD-ROM version and a web version of a serial require different ISSNs since two different media are involved, however, the same ISSN can be used for different file formats of the same online serial
International Standard Serial Number
–
ISSN encoded in an EAN-13 barcode with sequence variant 0 and issue number 5
6.
Central Florida
–
Central Florida is a region of the U. S. state of Florida. Different sources give different definitions for the region, but as its name implies it is said to comprise the central part of the state, including the Tampa Bay. It is one of Floridas three best known regions, along with North Florida and South Florida. Like many vernacular regions, Central Floridas boundaries are not official or consistent, a 2007 study of Floridas regions by geographers Ary Lamme and Raymond K. Oldakowski found that Floridians surveyed identified Central Florida as comprising a large swath of peninsular Florida. In addition, North Central Florida has emerged as a region representing the interior area in the northern part of the state. Central Florida is one of Floridas three most common directional regions, the others being North Florida and South Florida, Lamme and Oldakowski note that the directional region is more commonly used in the interior areas rather than on the coast. This definition covers much of the area as in Lamme and Oldakowskis survey. It excludes the Tampa Bay Area and North Central Florida, as well as the coastal counties. The Central region includes the Orlando metropolitan area, Marion and Sumter Counties in the interior and this is a population concentration that stretches from Tampa Bay on the west coast to Daytona Beach and Cape Canaveral on the east coast of the state. There is a mixture of wetlands, Cypress, Oak, Maple and Pine forests, pastures, prairies, Major rivers include the St. Johns River, the Ocklawaha River, the Halifax River, and the Econlockhatchee River. Major lakes include Lake Apopka, Lake Tohopekaliga, East Lake Tohopekaliga, Lake Louisa, Lake Monroe, Lake Jessup, there are over 100 miles of coastline in Central Florida along the Atlantic Coast. Major beaches include Canaveral National Seashore, New Smyrna Beach, Daytona Beach, Cocoa Beach, hurricanes are a threat to the coastal cities as evident by the 2004 hurricane season, which brought three major hurricanes to the Central Florida area, Charley, Jeanne, and Frances. Winters are dry and temperate with the winter high temperature in Orlando being 72 °F. Summers are hot and humid with temperatures averaging 92 °F. Peak summer heat generally arrives in early June and continues to early October, Central Florida records more lightning strikes per area than any other region in Florida, and Florida records more lightning strikes than any other state in the USA. As a result, Florida, and more specifically, Central Florida, is referred to as the Thunderstorm capital of the USA. These severe thunderstorms often make Central Florida prone to many tornadoes, however, they are usually small, short lived, and almost always rated as EF0 or EF1 size storms. At the end of the Civil War most of Central Florida was barely-inhabitable wetlands and it took a major drainage project financed by Philadelphia businessman Hamilton Disston in the 1880s to make the land available for settlement
Central Florida
–
Central Florida Images top from bottom, left to right:
Orlando Skyline,
Ocala National Forest,
Daytona International Speedway,
Walt Disney World,
Kennedy Space Center,
Tampa Skyline
Central Florida
–
Eckerd College St. Petersburg
Central Florida
–
Central Florida, part of the
Florida megaregion
Central Florida
–
Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne
7.
Democratic Party (United States)
–
The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party. The Democrats dominant worldview was once socially conservative and fiscally classical liberalism, while, especially in the rural South, since Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal coalition in the 1930s, the Democratic Party has also promoted a social-liberal platform, supporting social justice. Today, the House Democratic caucus is composed mostly of progressives and centrists, the partys philosophy of modern liberalism advocates social and economic equality, along with the welfare state. It seeks to provide government intervention and regulation in the economy, the party has united with smaller left-wing regional parties throughout the country, such as the Farmer–Labor Party in Minnesota and the Nonpartisan League in North Dakota. Well into the 20th century, the party had conservative pro-business, the New Deal Coalition of 1932–1964 attracted strong support from voters of recent European extraction—many of whom were Catholics based in the cities. After Franklin D. Roosevelts New Deal of the 1930s, the pro-business wing withered outside the South, after the racial turmoil of the 1960s, most southern whites and many northern Catholics moved into the Republican Party at the presidential level. The once-powerful labor union element became smaller and less supportive after the 1970s, white Evangelicals and Southerners became heavily Republican at the state and local level in the 1990s. However, African Americans became a major Democratic element after 1964, after 2000, Hispanic and Latino Americans, Asian Americans, the LGBT community, single women and professional women moved towards the party as well. The Northeast and the West Coast became Democratic strongholds by 1990 after the Republicans stopped appealing to socially liberal voters there, overall, the Democratic Party has retained a membership lead over its major rival the Republican Party. The most recent was the 44th president Barack Obama, who held the office from 2009 to 2017, in the 115th Congress, following the 2016 elections, Democrats are the opposition party, holding a minority of seats in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. The party also holds a minority of governorships, and state legislatures, though they do control the mayoralty of cities such as New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, and Washington, D. C. The Democratic Party traces its origins to the inspiration of the Democratic-Republican Party, founded by Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and that party also inspired the Whigs and modern Republicans. Organizationally, the modern Democratic Party truly arose in the 1830s, since the nomination of William Jennings Bryan in 1896, the party has generally positioned itself to the left of the Republican Party on economic issues. They have been liberal on civil rights issues since 1948. On foreign policy both parties changed position several times and that party, the Democratic-Republican Party, came to power in the election of 1800. After the War of 1812 the Federalists virtually disappeared and the national political party left was the Democratic-Republicans. The Democratic-Republican party still had its own factions, however. As Norton explains the transformation in 1828, Jacksonians believed the peoples will had finally prevailed, through a lavishly financed coalition of state parties, political leaders, and newspaper editors, a popular movement had elected the president
Democratic Party (United States)
–
Andrew Jackson was the first Democratic
President of the United States
Democratic Party (United States)
Democratic Party (United States)
–
The three leaders of the Democratic party during the first half of the 20th century: President
Woodrow Wilson (nominated in 1912 and '16) Sec. of State
William J. Bryan (nominated in 1896, 1900 and 1908),
Josephus Daniels,
Breckinridge Long,
William Phillips, and
Franklin D. Roosevelt (nominated for VP in 1920 and for president in 1932, 36,'40 and 44)
Democratic Party (United States)
–
John F. Kennedy,
35th President of the United States (1961–1963)
8.
John Kerry
–
John Forbes Kerry is an American politician who served as the 68th United States Secretary of State from 2013 to 2017. A Democrat, he previously served Massachusetts in the United States Senate from 1985 to 2013 and he was the Democratic nominee in the 2004 presidential election, losing narrowly to Republican incumbent George W. Bush. Kerry was born in Aurora, Colorado and attended boarding school in Massachusetts and he graduated from Yale University in 1966 with a major in political science. Kerry enlisted in the Naval Reserve in 1966, and between 1968 and 1969, he served an abbreviated four-month tour of duty in South Vietnam as officer-in-charge of a Swift Boat. For that service, he was awarded combat medals that include the Silver Star Medal, Bronze Star Medal and he appeared in the Fulbright Hearings before the Senate Committee on Foreign Affairs where he deemed United States war policy in Vietnam to be the cause of war crimes. After receiving a J. D. from Boston College Law School and he served as Lieutenant Governor under Michael Dukakis from 1983 to 1985 and was elected to the U. S. Senate in 1984 and was sworn in the following January. On the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, he led a series of hearings from 1987 to 1989 which were a precursor to the Iran–Contra affair, Kerry was re-elected to additional terms in 1990,1996,2002, and 2008. In his 2004 presidential campaign, Kerry criticized George W. Bush for the Iraq War and he and his running mate, North Carolina Senator John Edwards, lost the election, finishing 35 electoral votes behind Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney. Kerry returned to the Senate, becoming Chairman of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship in 2007 and then of the Foreign Relations Committee in 2009. In January 2013, Kerry was nominated by President Barack Obama to succeed outgoing Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and then confirmed by the U. S. Senate, John Forbes Kerry was born on December 11,1943, in Aurora, Colorado, at Fitzsimons Army Hospital. He is the second of four born to Richard John Kerry, a Foreign Service officer and lawyer, and Rosemary Isabel Forbes. His father was raised Catholic and his mother was Episcopalian and he was raised with an elder sister named Margaret, a younger sister named Diana and a younger brother named Cameron. The children were raised in their fathers faith, John Kerry served as an altar boy, Kerry grew up a military brat until his father was discharged from the Army Air Corps, causing the family to settle in Washington, D. C. in 1949. While in Washington, Richard took a spot in the Department of the Navys Office of General Counsel and his extended maternal family enjoyed great wealth as members of the Forbes and Dudley–Winthrop families. Kerrys parents themselves were upper-middle class, and a great aunt paid for him to attend elite boarding schools. In 1957, his father was stationed at the U. S. Embassy in Oslo, Norway, and Kerry was sent back to the United States to attend boarding school. He first attended the Fessenden School in Newton, Massachusetts, and later St. Pauls, Concord, New Hampshire, Kerry founded the John Winant Society at St. Pauls to debate the issues of the day, the Society still exists there. In 1962, Kerry entered Yale University, majoring in political science and he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1966
John Kerry
–
John Kerry
John Kerry
–
Kerry receiving a medal after serving in the Vietnam War.
John Kerry
–
Kerry at the
Fulbright Hearings
John Kerry
–
Kerry during his 1984 campaign
9.
Barack Obama
–
Barack Hussein Obama II is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. He is the first African American to have served as president and he previously served in the U. S. Senate representing Illinois from 2005 to 2008, and in the Illinois State Senate from 1997 to 2004. Obama was born in Honolulu, Hawaii, two years after the territory was admitted to the Union as the 50th state and he grew up mostly in Hawaii, but also spent one year of his childhood in Washington State and four years in Indonesia. After graduating from Columbia University in 1983, he worked as a community organizer in Chicago, in 1988 Obama enrolled in Harvard Law School, where he was the first black president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduation, he became a civil rights attorney and professor, Obama represented the 13th District for three terms in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004, when he ran for the U. S. Senate. In 2008, Obama was nominated for president, a year after his campaign began and he was elected over Republican John McCain, and was inaugurated on January 20,2009. Nine months later, Obama was named the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate, during his first two years in office, Obama signed many landmark bills. Main reforms were the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, after a lengthy debate over the national debt limit, Obama signed the Budget Control and the American Taxpayer Relief Acts. In foreign policy, Obama increased U. S. troop levels in Afghanistan, reduced nuclear weapons with the U. S. -Russian New START treaty, and ended military involvement in the Iraq War. He ordered military involvement in Libya in opposition to Muammar Gaddafi, after winning re-election over Mitt Romney, Obama was sworn in for a second term in 2013. Obama also advocated gun control in response to the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, and issued wide-ranging executive actions concerning climate change and immigration. In foreign policy, Obama ordered military intervention in Iraq in response to gains made by ISIL after the 2011 withdrawal from Iraq, Obama left office in January 2017 with a 60% approval rating. He currently resides in Washington, D. C and his presidential library will be built in Chicago. Obama was born on August 4,1961, at Kapiʻolani Maternity & Gynecological Hospital in Honolulu and he is the only President to have been born in Hawaii. He was born to a mother and a black father. His mother, Ann Dunham, was born in Wichita, Kansas, of mostly English descent, with some German, Irish, Scottish, Swiss and his father, Barack Obama Sr. was a married Luo Kenyan man from Nyangoma Kogelo. Obamas parents met in 1960 in a Russian language class at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, the couple married in Wailuku, Hawaii on February 2,1961, six months before Obama was born. In late August 1961, Obamas mother moved him to the University of Washington in Seattle for a year
Barack Obama
–
Barack Obama
Barack Obama
–
Obama with his half-sister
Maya Soetoro-Ng, mother
Ann Dunham and grandfather
Stanley Dunham, in
Honolulu, Hawaii
Barack Obama
–
Obama and others celebrate the naming of a street in Chicago after
ShoreBank co-founder Milton Davis in 1998
Barack Obama
–
Obama in his official portrait as a member of the United States Senate
10.
Hillary Clinton
–
Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton is an American politician who was the 67th United States Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013, U. S. Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009, First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001, and the Democratic Partys nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election. Born in Chicago, Illinois, and raised in the Chicago suburb of Park Ridge, Clinton graduated from Wellesley College in 1969, after serving as a congressional legal counsel, she moved to Arkansas and married Bill Clinton in 1975. In 1977, she co-founded Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families and she was appointed the first female chair of the Legal Services Corporation in 1978 and became the first female partner at Rose Law Firm the following year. As First Lady of Arkansas, she led a force whose recommendations helped reform Arkansass public schools. As First Lady of the United States, Clinton fought for gender equality, because her marriage survived the Lewinsky scandal, her role as first lady drew a polarized response from the public. Clinton was elected in 2000 as the first female senator from New York and she was re-elected to the Senate in 2006. Running for president in 2008, she won far more delegates than any previous female candidate, as Secretary of State in the Obama administration from 2009 to 2013, Clinton responded to the Arab Spring, during which she advocated the U. S. military intervention in Libya. Leaving office after Obamas first term, she wrote her book and undertook speaking engagements. Clinton made a presidential run in 2016. She became the first female candidate to be nominated for president by a major U. S. political party, despite winning a plurality of the national popular vote, Clinton lost the Electoral College and the presidency to her Republican rival Donald Trump. Hillary Diane Rodham was born on October 26,1947, at Edgewater Hospital in Chicago, Illinois. In 1995, Clinton claimed that her mother had named her after Sir Edmund Hillary, co-first mountaineer to scale Mount Everest, however, the Everest climb did not take place until 1953, more than five years after Clinton was born. Clinton was raised in a United Methodist family, living first in Chicago and her father, Hugh Ellsworth Rodham, was of English and Welsh descent, and managed a small but successful textile business. Her mother, Dorothy Emma Howell, was a homemaker of Dutch, English, French Canadian, Scottish, Clinton has two younger brothers, Hugh and Tony. As a child, Rodham was a student of her teachers at the public schools that she attended in Park Ridge. She participated in such as swimming and baseball, and earned numerous badges as a Brownie. She attended Maine East High School, where she participated in the student council, the school newspaper, and was selected for the National Honor Society
Hillary Clinton
–
Clinton as
Secretary of State in 2009
Hillary Clinton
–
Mementos of Hillary Rodham's early life are shown at the
William J. Clinton Presidential Center.
Hillary Clinton
–
Hillary Rodham and Bill Clinton lived in this 980 square foot (91 m 2) house in the
Hillcrest neighborhood of
Little Rock from 1977 to 1979 while he was
Arkansas Attorney General.
11.
Newspaper vending machine
–
A newspaper vending machine or newspaper rack is a vending machine designed to distribute newspapers. Newspaper vending machines are used worldwide, especially in Germany and they are one of the main distribution methods for newspaper publishers. The coin operated newspaper vending machine was invented in 1947 by inventor George Thiemeyer Hemmeter, hemmeters company, the Serven Vendor Company, was based in Berkeley, California, and had been making rural mail tubes and honor racks. The new invention could be adjusted to accept coins of different denominations, the newspaper rack was able to be used with one hand, and took around 30 seconds to dispense a paper. Two models, one with a capacity for 1250 pages of newsprint, by 1987, over one million machines had been distributed. In 1983, the city of Lakewood, Ohio adopted an ordinance that gave the mayor of the city control of where newspaper racks could be placed. This is especially true for Sunday newspapers, which see machines go unfilled by some due to the bulk of those editions reducing the amount of copies that can possibly be sold. By 2009, various artists and inventors had begun working on re-purposing the boxes, newspaper vending machines have been criticized for occasionally failing to distribute a newspaper after it has been paid for. The newspaper vending machines has also criticized due to an issue in the design. Newspaper machines are frequently cited by economists when discussing utility value, due to their design, one could insert the requisite amount and remove more than one copy of the newspaper. However, a copy of a newspaper represents little value to the thief. Thus, the potential lost revenue due to stolen copies is mitigated by the low value that the person places on a second copy of a newspaper. This is obviously problematic when the copy of the newspaper in question could have potential value, such as on the day after an election, sports event
Newspaper vending machine
–
A
German newspaper rack
Newspaper vending machine
–
A 1984
Los Angeles Times news rack
12.
Tribune Company
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The Tribune Media Company, also known as Tribune Media and formerly known as the Tribune Company, is an American conglomerate that is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, United States. A significant amount of the stock of publicly traded Tribune is held by three firms that were the senior debt holders, Oaktree Capital Management, Angelo, Gordon & Co. Investment interests include the Food Network, the Tribune Company was founded on June 10,1847, the Chicago Daily Tribune published its first edition in a one-room plant located at LaSalle and Lake Streets in downtown Chicago. The original press run consisted of 400 copies printed on a hand press, the Tribune constructed its first building, a four-story structure at Dearborn and Madison Streets, in 1869. The building was destroyed in the Great Chicago Fire of October 1871, the Tribune resumed printing two days later with an editorial declaring Chicago Shall Rise Again. Joseph Medill, a native Ohioan who first acquired an interest in the Tribune in 1855, gained control of the newspaper in 1874. Medills two grandsons, cousins Robert R. McCormick and Joseph Medill Patterson, assumed leadership of the company in 1911 and that same year, the Chicago Tribunes first newsprint mill opened in Thorold, Ontario, Canada. The mill marked the beginnings of the Canadian newsprint producer later known as QUNO, Patterson established the companys second newspaper, the New York News in 1919. Tribunes ownership of the New York City tabloid was considered interlocking due to an agreement between McCormick and Patterson, the paper launched a European edition during World War I. To compete with the Saturday Evening Post and Colliers in 1924, the company entered broadcasting in 1924 by leasing WDAP, one of Chicagos first radio stations. Tribune later changed the call letters to WGN, reflecting the Tribunes nickname. WGN was purchased by the company in 1926 and went on to be first in the radio industry, in 1925, the company completed its new headquarters and one of Chicagos first skyscrapers, the Tribune Tower. That same year, the decided to fund the future Joseph Medill School of Journalism at Northwestern University. Liberty magazine eventually exceeded Colliers circulation, but lacked enough advertising and was sold in 1931, the Tribunes European edition was also cut. However, Tribune launched the Chicago Tribune-New York News Syndicate content syndication service in 1933, expecting a printers strike in November 1948, the Tribune printed their paper early, incorrectly proclaiming Dewey Defeats Truman in the 1948 presidential election. Tribune entered into the industry, then in its infancy, in 1948, with the establishments of WGN-TV in Chicago in April. In 1956, the Tribune Company purchased the Chicago American from William Randolph Hearst, also in 1963, the company purchased some part of the folded New York Mirror. The company increased its broadcast station holdings with the acquisition of radio station WQCD-FM in New York City in 1964, in 1967, the company began printing a tabloid serving suburban areas of Chicago, The Suburban Trib
Tribune Company
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The
Tribune Tower in
Chicago is the headquarters of Tribune Media
Tribune Company
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Tribune Media Company
13.
Sun-Sentinel
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The Sun-Sentinel is the main daily newspaper of Broward County, Florida. Owned by Tronc, it all throughout the three counties that comprise South Florida. It is the newspaper in the area. Howard Saltz of Delray Beach, Florida has held the position of editor since 2011, Saltz was named publisher and editor-in-chief in 2016. Saltz has been in media since 1983 and held positions including reporter and editor in other cities before moving to South Florida. For many years, the Sun-Sentinel exclusively targeted Broward County, however, it expanded its coverage to all of South Florida, including the Miami-Dade and Palm Beach areas, in the late 1990s. In the former area, The Miami Herald is its primary competition, the Sun-Sentinel emphasizes local news, through its Community News and Local sections. It has a circulation of 163,728 and a Sunday circulation of 228,906. It also produced a significant contribution to information graphics in the form of News Illustrated, the photography department has been a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize twice in the Spot News category. It was a finalist in 1982 for its coverage of a Haitian refugee boat disaster, the Sun-Sentinel publishes several websites, including SunSentinel. com, SouthFlorida. com, SouthFloridaParenting. com, CityLinkMix. com, and TeenlinkSouthFlorida. com. It also publishes a Spanish-language weekly, El Sentinel, and an alternative weekly distributed for free throughout the region, in 1925, the Everglades Breeze was renamed the Sentinel. That same year, two Ohio publishers bought both the Sentinel and the Herald, consolidating the newspapers into a publication called the Daily News. In 1926, Horace and Tom Stillwell purchased the paper, however, the devastation wrought by the 1926 Miami hurricane caused circulation to drop and, in 1929, Tom Stillwell sold the paper to the Gore Publishing Company, headed by R. H. Gore, Sr. By 1945, circulation of the Daily News and Evening Sentinel had climbed to 10,000, in 1953, Gore Publishing changed the name of the paper to the Fort Lauderdale News and added a Sunday morning edition. In 1963, the Tribune Company acquired Gore Publishing, in the 1970s, the morning paper changed its name to the Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel. In 1982, the two merged their editorial staffs. The two papers merged into a single morning paper under the Sun-Sentinel name. In 2000, after expanding its coverage, the changed its name to the South Florida Sun-Sentinel
Sun-Sentinel
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The March 21, 2009 front page of the Sun-Sentinel
14.
Pulitzer Prize
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The Pulitzer Prize /ˈpʊlᵻtsər/ is an award for achievements in newspaper, magazine and online journalism, literature, and musical composition in the United States. It was established in 1917 by provisions in the will of American Joseph Pulitzer who had made his fortune as a newspaper publisher, Prizes are awarded yearly in twenty-one categories. In twenty of the categories, each receives a certificate. The winner in the service category of the journalism competition is awarded a gold medal. The Pulitzer Prize does not automatically consider all applicable works in the media, entries must fit in at least one of the specific prize categories, and cannot simply gain entrance for being literary or musical. Works can also only be entered in a maximum of two categories, regardless of their properties, each year,102 jurors are selected by the Pulitzer Prize Board to serve on 20 separate juries for the 21 award categories, one jury makes recommendations for both photography awards. For each award category, a jury makes three nominations, the board selects the winner by majority vote from the nominations or bypasses the nominations and selects a different entry following a 75% majority vote. The board can also vote to issue no award, the board and journalism jurors are not paid for their work, however, the jurors in letters, music, and drama receive a $2,000 honorarium for the year, and each chair receives $2,500. Anyone whose work has been submitted is called an entrant, the jury selects a group of nominated finalists and announces them, together with the winner for each category. However, some journalists who were submitted, but not nominated as finalists. For example, Bill Dedman of msnbc, Dedman wrote, To call that submission a Pulitzer nomination is like saying that Adam Sandler is an Oscar nominee if Columbia Pictures enters Thats My Boy in the Academy Awards. Many readers realize that the Oscars dont work that way—the studios dont pick the nominees and its just a way of slipping Academy Awards into a bio. The Pulitzers also dont work that way, but fewer people know that, newspaper publisher Joseph Pulitzer gave money in his will to Columbia University to launch a journalism school and establish the Prize. It allocated $250,000 to the prize and scholarships and he specified four awards in journalism, four in letters and drama, one in education, and four traveling scholarships. After his death, the first Pulitzer Prizes were awarded June 4,1917, many people have won more than one Pulitzer Prize. Nelson Harding is the person to have won a Prize in two consecutive years, the Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Cartooning in 1927 and 1928. Four prizes Robert Frost, Poetry Eugene ONeill, Drama Robert E, in rare instances, contributors to the entry are singled out in the citation in a manner analogous to individual winners. Journalism awards may be awarded to individuals or newspapers or newspaper staffs, infrequently, Awards are made in categories relating to journalism, arts, letters and fiction
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Pulitzer Prize
15.
Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing
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The Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing is one of the fourteen American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Journalism. Thus it is one of the original Pulitzers, for the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, the program has also recognized opinion journalism with its Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Cartooning from 1922. Finalists have been announced from 1980, ordinarily two others beside the winner, one person ordinarily wins the award for work with one newspaper or with affiliated papers, and that was true without exception between 1936 and 1977. In the early years, several newspapers were recognized without naming any writer, several times from 1977, two or three people have shared the award for their work with one paper. In its first 97 years to 2013, the Editorial Writing Pulitzer was awarded 89 times, in nine years there was no award given and there were two prizes in 1936. 1927, F. P. Chase, Atlantic News-Telegraph, for an editorial titled,1935, no award given 1936, Felix Morley, The Washington Post, for distinguished editorial writing during the year 1936, George B. The Gainesville Sun, for his editorials in support of the desegregation of Floridas schools. Bethlehem Globe-Times, for his campaign to reduce racial tensions in Bethlehem 1973
Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing
16.
Orange County, Florida
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Orange County is a county in the state of Florida, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,145,956, Orange County is the central county Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. The land that is Orange County was part of the first land to emerge from below the Early Oligocene sea 33. 9–28.4 million years ago and is known as Orange Island. In 1821, two counties formed Florida, Escambia to the west and St. Johns to the east, in 1824, the area to the south of St. Johns County became Mosquito County, and Enterprise was named the county seat. This massive county took up much of central Florida, Mosquito County was renamed Orange County in 1845 when Florida became a state. Several counties, such as Osceola, Seminole, Lake, Orange County was renamed from Mosquito County for the fruit that constituted the countys main product. At its peak in the early 1970s, some 80,000 acres were planted in citrus in Orange County, there was the dark green foliage of orange trees and the scent of the orange blossoms when in bloom. Fewer commercial orange groves remained by the end of the twentieth century, the majority of groves were destroyed by the freezing temperatures experienced in successive winters of 1985-1986, in particular by the January 1985 cold wave, the worst since 1899. The financial setbacks, not the first in the regions history, were too challenging for many growers. Economically destroyed, many walked away from the land and its obligations, one of the regions major land owners and growers was the Tropicana company. They, however, also rather than try to come back from these seemingly endless generational decimation. However, several packing facilities and wholesalers are still in Orange County, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,003 square miles, of which 903 square miles is land and 100 square miles is water. S. 24. 85% of all households were made up of individuals and 6. 08% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.19. In the county, the population was out with 23. 6% under the age of 18,12. 8% from 18 to 24,29. 8% from 25 to 44,24. 1% from 45 to 64. The median age was 33.7 years, for every 100 females there were 97.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.9 males, the median income for a household in the county was $50,138, and the median income for a family was $57,473. Males had an income of $40,619 versus $31,919 for females. The per capita income for the county was $25,490, about 10. 0% of families and 13. 4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17. 2% of those under age 18 and 9. 4% of those aged 65 or over
Orange County, Florida
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Orange County Courthouse
17.
Pulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting
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It is administered by the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism in New York City. From 1953 through 1963, the category was known as The Pulitzer Prize for Local Reporting, from 1964 to 1984, it was known as The Pulitzer Prize for Local Investigative Specialized Reporting. The Pulitzer Committee issues an official citation explaining the reasons for the award,1953, Edward J. Mowery, New York World-Telegram & Sun, for his reporting of the facts which brought vindication and freedom to Louis Hoffner. 1954, Alvin McCoy, The Kansas City Star, for a series of stories which led to the resignation under fire of C. Wesley Roberts as Republican National Chairman. 1955, Roland Kenneth Towery, Cuero Record, for his series of articles exposing a scandal in the administration of the Veterans Land Program in Texas. 1956, Arthur Daley, The New York Times, for his coverage and commentary on the world of sports in his daily column. They fulfilled their assignments despite great handicaps and the risk of reprisal from lawless elements,1960, Miriam Ottenberg, Evening Star, for a series of seven articles exposing a used-car racket in Washington, D. C. that victimized many unwary buyers. The series led to new regulations to protect the public and served to alert other communities to such sharp practices, the series brought about reforms that attracted nationwide attention. 1962, George Bliss, Chicago Tribune, for his initiative in uncovering scandals in the Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago, with resultant remedial action. 1963, Oscar Griffin, Jr.1964, James V. Magee, Albert V.1965, Gene Goltz, Houston Post, for his expose of government corruption Pasadena, Texas, which resulted in widespread reforms. 1966, John Anthony Frasca, Tampa Tribune, for his investigation,1967, Gene Miller, Miami Herald, for initiative and investigative reporting that helped to free two persons wrongfully convicted of murder. 1968, J. Anthony Lukas, The New York Times, for the document he wrote in his investigation of the life. 1969, Al Delugach and Denny Walsh, St. Louis Globe-Democrat, for their campaign against fraud and abuse of power within the St. Louis Steamfitters Union, Local 562. 1970, Harold Eugene Martin, Montgomery Advertiser and Alabama Journal, for his expose of a scheme for using Alabama prisoners for drug experimentation. 1971, William Jones, Chicago Tribune, for exposing collusion between police and some of Chicagos largest private companies to restrict service in low income areas. 1972, Timothy Leland, Gerard M. ONeill, Stephen A. Kurkjian and Ann Desantis, Boston Globe, for their exposure of corruption in Somerville. 1974, William Sherman, New York Daily News, for his investigative reporting in the exposure of extreme abuse of the New York Medicaid program. 1975, Indianapolis Star, for its disclosures of local corruption and dilatory law enforcement
Pulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting
18.
South Florida Sun-Sentinel
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The Sun-Sentinel is the main daily newspaper of Broward County, Florida. Owned by Tronc, it all throughout the three counties that comprise South Florida. It is the newspaper in the area. Howard Saltz of Delray Beach, Florida has held the position of editor since 2011, Saltz was named publisher and editor-in-chief in 2016. Saltz has been in media since 1983 and held positions including reporter and editor in other cities before moving to South Florida. For many years, the Sun-Sentinel exclusively targeted Broward County, however, it expanded its coverage to all of South Florida, including the Miami-Dade and Palm Beach areas, in the late 1990s. In the former area, The Miami Herald is its primary competition, the Sun-Sentinel emphasizes local news, through its Community News and Local sections. It has a circulation of 163,728 and a Sunday circulation of 228,906. It also produced a significant contribution to information graphics in the form of News Illustrated, the photography department has been a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize twice in the Spot News category. It was a finalist in 1982 for its coverage of a Haitian refugee boat disaster, the Sun-Sentinel publishes several websites, including SunSentinel. com, SouthFlorida. com, SouthFloridaParenting. com, CityLinkMix. com, and TeenlinkSouthFlorida. com. It also publishes a Spanish-language weekly, El Sentinel, and an alternative weekly distributed for free throughout the region, in 1925, the Everglades Breeze was renamed the Sentinel. That same year, two Ohio publishers bought both the Sentinel and the Herald, consolidating the newspapers into a publication called the Daily News. In 1926, Horace and Tom Stillwell purchased the paper, however, the devastation wrought by the 1926 Miami hurricane caused circulation to drop and, in 1929, Tom Stillwell sold the paper to the Gore Publishing Company, headed by R. H. Gore, Sr. By 1945, circulation of the Daily News and Evening Sentinel had climbed to 10,000, in 1953, Gore Publishing changed the name of the paper to the Fort Lauderdale News and added a Sunday morning edition. In 1963, the Tribune Company acquired Gore Publishing, in the 1970s, the morning paper changed its name to the Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel. In 1982, the two merged their editorial staffs. The two papers merged into a single morning paper under the Sun-Sentinel name. In 2000, after expanding its coverage, the changed its name to the South Florida Sun-Sentinel
South Florida Sun-Sentinel
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The March 21, 2009 front page of the Sun-Sentinel
19.
University of Central Florida
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The University of Central Florida, or UCF, is an American metropolitan public research university in Orlando, Florida. It is the largest university in the United States by undergraduate enrollment, as the academic scope expanded beyond its original focus on engineering and technology, Florida Tech was renamed The University of Central Florida in 1978. UCFs space roots continue as the university leads the NASA Florida Space Grant Consortium. While initial enrollment was only 1,948 students, enrollment today amounts to some 60,821 students from 140 countries and all 50 states and Washington, D. C. The majority of the student population is located on the main campus just 13 miles east-northeast of downtown Orlando. The university offers over 200 degrees through thirteen colleges and twelve satellite campuses in Central Florida, since its founding, UCF has awarded more than 290,000 degrees, including 55,000 graduate and professional degrees, to over 250,000 alumni worldwide. Its official colors are black and gold, and the university logo is a Pegasus, the universitys intercollegiate sports teams, commonly known as the UCF Knights and represented by mascot Knightro, compete in NCAA Division I and the American Athletic Conference. Prominent residents and local leaders began lobbying the Florida State Legislature to increase access to education on the Space Coast. The university was founded as a non-segregated and coeducational university, with the mission of educating students for promising space-age careers in engineering and other technological professions. On January 24,1964, the Board of Regents purchased 1,000 acres of remote forest, local residents donated another 227 acres, and raised more than $1 million in funds to secure the land acquisition. In December 1965, the Board of Regents appointed Charles Millican the first president of the new university, Millican with the consultation of a citizen advisory group, chose the name Florida Technological University, as well as co-designed the schools distinctive Pegasus seal. Millican is also responsible for the universitys slogan – Reach for the Stars –, Millican was also responsible for the universitys unique pedestrian oriented concentric circle campus layout, which was based on plans by Walt Disney and has become a model for other universities. Millican and then-Governor Claude Kirk presided over FTUs groundbreaking in March 1967, eighteen months after the groundbreaking, the inaugural classes were held in the schools first academic building, the library on October 7,1968. 1,948 students were enrolled in degree programs within five colleges, and were led by 90 instructors. FTU graduated its first class of 423 seniors on June 14,1970, with astronaut, Millican was also responsible for selecting the official colors of the university, and had a role in selecting its first mascot, the Citronaut, a mix between an orange and an astronaut. The Citronaut temporarily proved unpopular, so in 1969 the student newspaper–The Central Florida Future–encouraged mascot suggestions from students, the search for a replacement proved unsuccessful until 1970, when Judy Hines, a night nurse, proposed Vincent the Vulture. He served as the unofficial mascot for more than a year. In late 1971, students voted and selected the Knight of Pegasus as the official athletic mascot
University of Central Florida
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Foucault pendulum featuring the university's original seal
University of Central Florida
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Seal of The University of Central Florida
University of Central Florida
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Then-
United States Senator Joe Biden delivering the university's 1978 commencement address
University of Central Florida
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Former
President Bill Clinton campaigning for
Barack Obama at the
CFE Arena in October 2008
20.
Newseum
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The modern seven-level,250, 000-square-foot museum is located at 555 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, in Washington, D. C. features 15 theaters and 15 galleries. The Newseums Berlin Wall Gallery includes the largest display of sections of the Berlin Wall outside of Germany, the Todays Front Pages Gallery presents daily front pages from more than 80 international newspapers. Other galleries present topics including the First Amendment, world press freedom, news history, the September 11 attacks, and the history of the Internet, TV, and radio. It opened at its first location in Rosslyn, Virginia, on April 18,1997 and its mission is to promote, explain and defend free expression and the five freedoms of the First Amendment, religion, speech, press, assembly and petition. The new Newseum has become one of Washingtons most popular destinations, attracting more than 815,000 visitors a year, the adult admission fee is $24.95 plus tax. Despite such high admission fees, however, it has seen years of financial losses, in 2013, the museum lost more than $4 million on revenue of $63 million. In 2000, Freedom Forum decided to move the Newseum from its location in Arlington, Virginia, across the Potomac River to downtown Washington, the original Newseum was closed on March 3,2002, to allow its staff to concentrate on building the new, larger museum. The new museum, built at a cost of $450 million, Tim Russert, a Newseum trustee, said, The Newseum made a pretty good impression in Arlington, but at your new location on Pennsylvania Avenue, you will make an indelible mark. The newest Newseum on Pennsylvania Avenue shares a prime block adjacent to the Canadian Embassy and it features the 45 words of the First Amendment to the U. S. Constitution, etched into a four story tall stone panel facing Pennsylvania Avenue. One feature carried over from the prior Arlington site was the Journalists Memorial and it is updated and rededicated every year. The museum website is updated daily with images and PDF versions of newspaper front pages from around the world, images are replaced daily, but an archive of front pages from notable events since 2001 is also available. Hard copies of selected front pages, including one from every U. S. state and Washington, D. C. are displayed in galleries within the museum, unlike its original museum in Arlington, the new Newseum charges admission fees to the general public. Jerry Frieheim, a 1956 graduate of the University of Missouri School of Journalism, was the first executive director of the Newseum and claims to have coined the name. Charles E. Smith Jewish Day School students are admitted to the Newseum free of charge, as Smiths son, the structural engineer for this project was Leslie E. Robertson Associates. A curving glass memorial to slain journalists is located above the ground floor, showcase environments throughout the museum are climate controlled by four microclimate control devices. These units provide a flow of humidified air to the cases through a system of distribution pipes, aBCs This Week began broadcasting from a new studio in the Newseum on April 20,2008, with George Stephanopoulos as host. ABC moved This Week back to its Washington, D. C. bureau in June 2013 citing the networks infrequent use of the Newseum studio compared to the cost of operating and maintaining a studio there. The studio was home to Al Jazeera Americas Washington, D. C. bureau which also had editing facilities
Newseum
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Newseum
Newseum
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The original Newseum in Arlington, now home to an art gallery and theater.
Newseum
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Aerial view of the Newseum
Newseum
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Each day's newspaper front pages from around the world are put on display outside the Newseum.
21.
The Baltimore Sun
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The Baltimore Sun is the largest general-circulation daily newspaper based in the American state of Maryland and provides coverage of local and regional news, events, issues, people, and industries. Founded in 1837, it is owned by tronc, abell was born in Rhode Island, where he began journalism with the Providence Patriot. He later worked with newspapers in New York City and Boston, from 1947 to 1986, The Sun was the owner of Marylands first television station, WMAR-TV. In the postwar years, The Sun significantly expanded its overseas presence, the newspaper opened its first foreign bureau in London in 1924. Between 1955 and 1961, it added four new foreign offices, as Cold War tensions grew, it set up shop in Bonn, West Germany, in February 1955. Eleven months later, The Sun opened a Moscow bureau, becoming one of the first U. S. newspapers to do so, a Rome office followed in July 1957, and in 1961, The Sun expanded to New Dehli. At its height, The Sun ran eight foreign bureaus, giving rise to its boast in a 1983 ad that The Sun never sets on the world, the paper was sold in 1986 to the Times-Mirror Company of the Los Angeles Times. The same week, the rival News American, with publishing antecedents since 1773, the oldest paper in the city, it had been owned by the Hearst Corporation since the 1920s. In 1997, The Sun acquired the Patuxent Publishing Company, a suburban newspaper publisher that had a stable of weekly papers. In the 1990s and 2000s, The Sun began cutting back its foreign coverage, in 1995 and 1996, closed its Tokyo, Mexico City and Berlin bureaus. Two more — Beijing and London — fell victim to cost-cutting in 2005, the final three bureaus — Moscow, Jerusalem, and Johannesburg, South Africa — fell a couple years later. All were closed by 2008, as the Tribune Co. streamlined and downsized the newspaper chains foreign reporting, some material from The Suns foreign correspondents is archived at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County. In 2000, the Times-Mirror company was purchased by the Tribune Company of Chicago, I,2014 it transferred its newspapers, including The Sun, to Tribune Publishing. On September 19,2005, and again on August 24,2008 and its circulation as of 2010 was 195,561 for the daily edition and 343,552 on Sundays. On April 29,2009, the Tribune Company announced that it would lay off 61 of the 205 staff members in the Sun newsroom. On September 23,2011, it was reported that the Baltimore Sun would be moving its web edition behind a paywall starting October 10,2011, BSMG content reaches more than one million Baltimore-area readers each week and is the regions most widely read source of news. On February 20,2014, The Baltimore Sun Media Group announced they are going to buy the alternative weekly City Paper, in April, the Sun acquired the Maryland publications of Landmark Media Enterprises. The Evening Sun was first published in 1910 under the leadership of Charles H. Grasty, former owner of the Evening News, for most of its existence, The Evening Sun led its morning sibling in circulation
The Baltimore Sun
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The Baltimore Sun, North Calvert Street
The Baltimore Sun
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Sun Park in Port Covington
22.
Maryland Gazette
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The Gazette, founded in 1727 as The Maryland Gazette, is one of the oldest newspapers in America. Its modern-day descendant, The Capital, was acquired by The Baltimore Sun Media Group in 2014, previously, it was owned by the Capital Gazette Communications group, which published The Capital, Bowie Blade-News, Crofton-West County Gazette, and Capital Style Magazine. The Gazette and their publications have a long history, having been composed and printed in numerous locations, all in the Annapolis area. The company has moved seven times, including from 3 Church Circle to 213 West St. in 1948. The Maryland Gazette was founded in Annapolis in 1727 and published through 1734 by William Parks, Parks moved to Virginia in 1736. John Peter Zenger, who learned the trade of a newspaperman as a servant and apprentice printer for the Gazette. His 1735 trial established in American law that printing the truth is not libel or sedition, a key forerunner to the First Amendment to the Constitution, the Gazettes second publisher was Jonas Green, a former protégé of Benjamin Franklin in Philadelphia. Money was sometimes hard to come by, so Green sometimes traded an ad or a subscription for supplies and his wife, Anne Catherine Hoof Green, also helped to make ends meet by selling homemade chocolates at the post office. Green, a troublemaker, hated the Stamp Act, which among other things directly taxed his newspaper. Refusing to pay, he published the Gazette with what was then a blaring headline, The Maryland Gazette Expiring, Green wrote that because of the Stamp Act, the newspaper will not any longer be published. In the bottom corner of the page, where the tax stamp should have been placed, there appeared instead a skull. A strong supporter of Colonial rights, she continued her husbands policy of operating an independent newspaper under the nose of the governor in Annapolis. Ultimately, she published the newspaper for eight years while raising 14 children, the newspaper stayed in the Green family for 94 years. Jonas Greens house, where the Gazette was published for years, still stands on Charles Street in downtown Annapolis. The article called Chase a busy, reckless incendiary, a ringleader of mobs, a foul-mouthed and inflaming son of discord and faction, a common disturber of the public tranquility. In 1772, Charles Carroll of Carrollton engaged in a debate conducted through the Maryland Gazette, writing in the Gazette under the pseudonym First Citizen, he became a prominent spokesman against the governors proclamation increasing legal fees to state officers and Protestant clergy. Opposing Carroll in these debates and writing as Antillon was Daniel Dulany the Younger. Eventually word spread of the identity of the two combatants, and Carrolls fame and notoriety began to grow
Maryland Gazette
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Maryland Gazette September 5, 1765. A skull and crossbones was displayed where the stamp should have been affixed.
Maryland Gazette
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Samuel Chase, described by the Maryland Gazette as "a foul-mouthed and flaming son of discord."
23.
Baltimore City Paper
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Baltimore City Paper is a free alternative weekly newspaper published in Baltimore, Maryland, founded in 1977 by Russ Smith and Alan Hirsch. Current owner Baltimore Sun Media Group purchased the paper in 2014 from Times-Shamrock Communications and it is distributed on Wednesdays in distinctive yellow boxes found throughout the Baltimore area. Russ Smith and Alan Hirsch started the Baltimore City Paper in May 1977 while students at Johns Hopkins University and it was originally named the City Squeeze and Smith and Hirsch published it using the offices of the Johns Hopkins student newspaper. In 1978, they took the paper out of the University, Smith said that he viewed the paper as an alternatively weekly similar to the Chicago Reader and the Boston Real Paper. The paper has been free, except for a time between 1979–81, where they charged.25 per issue. Charging a fee turned out to be mistake, as most of the income came through advertising revenue and the fee led to a precipitous drop in circulation. It is best known for providing information on clubs, concerts, theater, and restaurants, in each issue there are also several political and advice columns and numerous cartoons including the weekly comic DIRTFARM by Ben Claassen III. The City Paper has broken several important stories in the Baltimore area, the City Paper presents the Best of Baltimore awards every year, in which various local businesses, attractions, and aspects of Baltimore, Maryland are highlighted. In the summer of 2013, Times-Shamrock Communications announced its intention to sell off all of its alternative newspapers outside Pennsylvania, including the City Paper. In February 2014, the Baltimore Sun Media Group announced it had reached an agreement to purchase the Baltimore City Paper, franz Lidz J. D. Considine Peter Koper John Strausbaugh
Baltimore City Paper
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June 23, 2010 cover of the City Paper
24.
Chicago Tribune
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The Chicago Tribune is a daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States, owned by tronc, Inc. formerly Tribune Publishing. The Tribune was founded by James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, forrest, publishing its first edition on June 10,1847. The paper saw numerous changes in ownership and editorship over the eight years. Initially, the Tribune was not politically affiliated but tended to either the Whig or Free Soil parties against the Democrats in elections. By late 1853, it was frequently running xenophobic editorials that criticized foreigners, about this time it also became a strong proponent of temperance. Ray became editor-in-chief, Medill became the editor, and Alfred Cowles, Sr. brother of Edwin Cowles. Each purchased one third of the Tribune, under their leadership the Tribune distanced itself from the Know Nothings and became the main Chicago organ of the Republican Party. However, the continued to print anti-Catholic and anti-Irish editorials. Between 1858 and 1860, the paper was known as the Chicago Press & Tribune, on October 25,1860, it became the Chicago Daily Tribune. Before and during the American Civil War, the new editors pushed an abolitionist agenda and strongly supported Abraham Lincoln, the paper remained a force in Republican politics for years afterwards. In 1861, the Tribune published new lyrics for the song John Browns Body by William W. Patton, Medill served as mayor of Chicago for one term after the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. Under the 20th-century editorship of Colonel Robert R. Joseph McCarthy, when McCormick assumed the position of co-editor in 1910, the Tribune was the third-best-selling paper among Chicagos eight dailies, with a circulation of only 188,000. At the same time, the Tribune competed with the Hearst paper, by 1914, the cousins succeeded in forcing out Managing Editor William Keeley. By 1918, the Examiner was forced to merge with the Chicago Herald, in 1919, Patterson left the Tribune and moved to New York to launch his own newspaper, the New York Daily News. In a renewed war with Hearsts Herald-Examiner, McCormick and Hearst ran rival lotteries in 1922. The Tribune won the battle, adding 250,000 readers to its ranks, also in 1922, the Chicago Tribune hosted an international design competition for its new headquarters, the Tribune Tower. The competition worked brilliantly as a publicity stunt, and more than 260 entries were received, the winner was a neo-Gothic design by New York architects John Mead Howells and Raymond Hood. The newspaper sponsored an attempt at Arctic aviation in 1929
Chicago Tribune
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An 1870 advertisement for Chicago Tribune subscriptions.
Chicago Tribune
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The lead editorial in the first issue the Chicago Tribune published after the
Great Chicago Fire
Chicago Tribune
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Truman was widely expected to lose the 1948 election and the Chicago Tribune ran the incorrect headline, "
Dewey Defeats Truman ".
Chicago Tribune
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Tribune Tower,
Hood & Howells, architects, opened 1925
25.
The Beacon-News
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Aurora, a suburb of Chicago, is a city predominantly in Kane County and DuPage County, with portions extending into Kendall and Will counties. It is located in the region of Greater Chicago in the U. S. state of Illinois. It is the second most populous city in the state, the population was 197,899 at the 2010 census, and was estimated to have increased to 199,963 by July 2013. Once a mid-sized manufacturing city, Aurora has grown tremendously since the 1960s, founded within Kane County, Auroras city limits and population have since expanded into DuPage, Will, and Kendall counties. Between 2000 and 2003, the U. S. Census Bureau ranked Aurora as the 34th fastest growing city in the United States. From 2000 to 2009, the U. S. Census Bureau ranked the city as the 46th fastest growing city with a population of over 100,000. In 1908, Aurora officially adopted the nickname City of Lights, Auroras historic downtown is located on the Fox River, and centered on Stolp Island. The Aurora area is home to a collection of architecture, including structures by Frank Lloyd Wright, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Bruce Goff. The Hollywood Casino Aurora, a gaming facility with 53,000 square feet and 1,200 gaming positions, is located on the river in downtown Aurora. Aurora is also home to a collection of Sears Catalog Homes. Before European settlers arrived, there was a Native American village in what is today downtown Aurora, in 1834, following the Black Hawk War, the McCarty brothers arrived. They initially owned land on both sides of the river, but sold their lands to the Lake Brothers on the west side, the Lake Brothers opened a mill on the opposite side of the river. The McCartys lived and operated their mill on the east side, a post office was established in 1837, officially creating Aurora. Aurora was originally two villages, East Aurora, incorporated in 1845, on the east side of the river, in 1857, the two towns joined officially, incorporated as the city of Aurora. The two sides could not agree which side of the river should house the buildings, so most public buildings were built on or around Stolp Island in the middle of the Fox River. As the city grew, many factories and jobs came to Aurora, in 1856, the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad located its roundhouse and locomotive shop in Aurora to become the towns largest employer until the 1960s. The heavy industries on the East side provided employment for generations of European immigrants, immigrants flocked to the city, mainly from Great Britain, Ireland, Scandinavia, Luxembourg, Germany, France, and Italy. Aurora became the center of the Fox Valley region
The Beacon-News
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The
Fox River and Galena Boulevard dam,
Paramount Theatre, Aurora Riverwalk, Civic Center, and
Leland Tower
The Beacon-News
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The Phillips Park 'Sunken Garden'
The Beacon-News
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The Paramount Theatre under renovation, downtown Aurora.
The Beacon-News
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Aurora Transportation Center
26.
Post-Tribune
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The Post-Tribune of Northwest Indiana is a daily newspaper headquartered in Merrillville, Indiana, United States. It serves the Northwest Indiana region, and is owned by the Chicago Tribune Media Group, the paper was founded in 1907 as The Gary Weekly. It was established to serve steel industry residents, on September 7,1908 the weekly became a daily and changed its name to the Gary Tribune. Snyder, purchased the Gary Evening Post from Gary mayor Thomas Knotts on March 9,1910, in July 1921 the two papers were merged producing the Post-Tribune a weekday evening and weekend morning paper. In August 1966, the Snyder heirs sold the publication to Northwest Publications, Gary was dropped from the masthead to further regionalize the Post-Tribune, although critics charged that it was an attempt to distance itself from the declining city. In 1974 the Post-Tribune became part of the Knight-Ridder chain of productions, in June,1986, the Post-Tribune became a morning paper. Hollinger International took over the production on February 2,1998, the Post-Tribune consolidated its printing with that of the Sun-Times in 2007, at which time it closed its printing plant on Broadway in Gary, ending more than 50 years of press runs there. It had moved its editorial offices from Gary to neighboring Merrillville in 2000. In 2014, it was purchased by the Chicago Tribune Media Group, an abridged edition of the Post-Tribune appears in Northwest Indiana copies of the Sunday Tribune. The Post-Tribune is printed early at one of its parent-companys facilities in Chicago, driven to Northwest Indiana, regions are, Gary Lake County Porter County Southlake Valparaiso The Times of Northwest Indiana List of newspapers in Indiana Post-Trib. com
Post-Tribune
27.
The Virginia Gazette
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The Virginia Gazette is the local newspaper of Williamsburg, Virginia. Established in 1930, it is named for the historical Virginia Gazette published between 1736 and 1780 and it is published twice a week in the broadsheet format. There were actually three papers published in Williamsburg under the name The Virginia Gazette between 1736 and 1780, together, these papers serve as an important record for Virginias colonial history. The original Virginia Gazette, the first newspaper published in Virginia, was established by William Parks. Its motto was Containing the freshest Advices, Foreign and Domestick, three years earlier, Parks had founded The Maryland Gazette in Annapolis, Maryland. In 1743, Parks built a mill in Williamsburg, he purchased the raw material to create newsprint from Benjamin Franklin. The paper was published, successively, by William Parks, William Hunter, Joseph Royle, Alexander Purdie and John Dixon, Dixon and Hunter, the last issue was published on April 8,1780, after which point the paper relocated to Richmond, Virginias new capital. In 1766 William Rind founded a newspaper also called the The Virginia Gazette. This paper was published by Rind, then by his widow Clementina Rind and its last issue was printed on February 3,1776. On February 3,1775, Alexander Purdie, previously a publisher of the original Gazette and it was published by Purdie until his death in 1779, it was then published by John Clarkson and Augustine Davis until December 9,1780. Afterward, various papers were published periodically around Virginia using the Virginia Gazette banner, in 1893 W. C. Johnston brought the name Virginia Gazette back to Williamsburg in newspaper form, but unrelated to its colonial predecessors. As editor of the Virginia Gazette, a Democratic weekly, Johnston campaigned vigorously to attract industry to the region. The Gazette, for example, described a new mill opened in 1895 as “the morning star of the future that heralds a glorious dawn of prosperity upon this little city. ”Typical content included local and national news, general interest stories, advertisements, business directories, college notes. L. S. Cottrell, Johnston’s original printer, became owner and publisher in 1894, circulation by 1900 was approximately 500, and there was no competing paper published in town during the paper’s life. Robert P. Scott became owner and publisher of the Gazette in 1917, local news still predominated, but national issues were becoming increasingly important. In 1920, Johnston editorialized against women’s suffrage as a violation of states’ rights, no one questions that they are as capable as men to cast their ballots. ”By 1922, the paper ceased publication. Another Virginia Gazette appeared in 1925, associated with the William Parks School of Journalism at the College of William and Mary, havilock Babcock, of the journalism faculty was editor and students served as reporters and handled all the other newspaper jobs, except printing. At Goodwins urging publisher J. A. Osborne moved to town from Florida, in 1961 the Osborne family sold the paper to John O. W. Gravely III
The Virginia Gazette
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Virginia Gazette, November 4, 1763
28.
Hartford Courant
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The Hartford Courant is the largest daily newspaper in the U. S. state of Connecticut, and is often recognized as the oldest continuously published newspaper in the United States. A morning newspaper serving most of the north of New Haven and east of Waterbury. It reports regional news with a chain of bureaus in smaller cities, beginning in 2000, it was owned by Tribune Company, which later combined the papers management and facilities with those of Tribune-owned WTIC-TV in Hartford. In 2014, the newspapers were spun off to corporate parent Tribune Publishing, the Connecticut Courant began as a weekly on October 29,1764, started by Thomas Green. The word courant, borrowed from the French, was a name for English-language newspapers. The daily Hartford Courant traces its existence back to the weekly, thereby claiming the title Americas oldest continuously published newspaper, joseph Roswell Hawley, a leading Republican politician and former governor of the state, in 1867 bought the newspaper, which he combined with the Press. Under his editorship, this became the most influential newspaper in Connecticut, emile Gauvereau became a reporter in 1916, and the managing editor in 1919. His energetic and often sensational news policies affronted Charles Clark, the owner, Clark fired him when he refused to stop a series of stories about the exploitation of fake medical diplomas. Herbert Brucker was the most prominent editor in the 20th century, the Courant was purchased in 1979 by Times Mirror, the Los Angeles Times parent company. The first years of ownership are described by a former Courant reporter in a book titled Spiked. One criticism was that the new owners were interested in awards. A series of articles about sexual abuse by the head of a worldwide Catholic order, published since February 1997, in 2000, Times Mirror and the Courant became part of the Tribune Company, one of the worlds largest multimedia companies. Ironically, along the way, the Courant also acquired the Valley Advocate group of alternative weeklies started by two disgruntled Courant staff members in 1973, under new ownership, it is co-owned with two local television stations, Fox affiliate WTIC-TV and The CW affiliate WCCT-TV. The Courant is the most recent American newspaper to win the Society for News Designs Worlds Best Designed Newspaper award. In late June 2006, the Tribune Co. announced that Courant publisher Jack W. Davis Jr. would by replaced by Stephen D. Carver, vice president and general manager of Atlanta, Ga. TV station WATL. In March 2009, Tribune replaced Carver with Richard Graziano, who was given a role as Courant publisher. Shortly after that, the Courants two highest ranking editors were let go, after 2010, Courant has offered early retirement and buyout packages to reduce staff as it continues to experience declines in advertising revenue. There have also been layoffs and reduction in pages, newsroom staff peaked in 1994 at close to 400 staff, down to 175 staff by 2008, and 135 staff in 2009
Hartford Courant
Hartford Courant
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Hartford Courant
Hartford Courant
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Courant building on State Street (about 1900)
Hartford Courant
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The current building of the Hartford Courant Co.
29.
CTNow
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CTNow is a free weekly newspaper in central and southwestern Connecticut, published by New Mass. Media was privately owned until 1999, when its owners, including founding publisher Geoffrey Robinson, a year later, Courant parent company Times-Mirror was bought by the Tribune Company, based in Chicago. In 2013, the Hartford Advocate, New Haven Advocate, and Fairfield County Weekly were merged with the Courants calendar section, the company was founded in 1973 by Geoffrey Robinson and Edward Matys, then copy editors at The Hartford Courant. Robinson, a native of New Haven, Connecticut, worked as wire service editor of the daily Lorain Journal of Ohio after his graduation from Yale University in 1971, Matys had worked in editorial positions at several Massachusetts and Connecticut newspapers. The pair began publishing the Valley Advocate, a bi-weekly serving Western Massachusetts, in September 1973 from small basement offices in Amherst, in September 1974, the Valley Advocate began publishing weekly, Robinson and Matys opened offices in Hartford and started publication of the Hartford Advocate. A year later, in September 1975, the pair began publishing the weekly New Haven Advocate, in 1999, the four-paper chain was sold to Times-Mirror, which was itself acquired by Tribune in 2000. Tribune announced in December 2007 that it would sell the Valley Advocate, its only Massachusetts publication, Advocate weeklies offered investigative journalism, national, state and local political coverage, commentary, and arts features and criticism, mostly from a liberal or countercultural point of view. They shared some editorial content, but each had regionally focused news and opinion pieces, restaurant reviews, event listings, the newspapers had annual Best Of write-in contests, and subsequent issues that featured the winning businesses. The Fairfield County Weekly was distributed throughout Fairfield County and its average weekly circulation was 26,708 in 2011. The Hartford Advocate was published in Hartford, Connecticut and had a circulation of 37,779 in 2011, the Hartford Advocate was founded in 1974 by Geoffrey Robinson and Edward Matys to fill a void in investigative and beat reporting in the capital city of Connecticut. For example, The Hartford Courant, where Robinson and Matys had previously worked, did not routinely cover one of the citys largest industries, gail Collins reported on state government and politics, she is now an op-ed columnist at The New York Times. Another early reporter was David Lieberman, who was later a writer for the Courant. Polman left the Advocate after some five years to become a columnist at the Courant and he also taught at the University of Pennsylvania. Kauffman later worked for CNN, taught at Emerson College in Boston, Morehouse College in Atlanta and he also worked for the North County Times, one of two daily newspapers in San Diego County, California. In a history of the media, A Trumpet to Arms. The author explored the papers examination of the power exercised by the corporate elite in Hartford. The city of Hartford would end up divesting the South Africa–related investments and it began as an independent newspaper in 1973 and was sold in late 2007 to Newspapers of New England, parent of its competitor the Daily Hampshire Gazette of Northampton, Massachusetts
CTNow
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Newspaper box for Fairfield County Weekly
30.
Los Angeles Times
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The Los Angeles Times, commonly referred to as the Times or LA Times, is a paid daily newspaper published in Los Angeles, California, since 1881. It was the largest metropolitan newspaper in circulation in the United States in 2008, the Times is owned by tronc. The Times was first published on December 4,1881, as the Los Angeles Daily Times under the direction of Nathan Cole Jr. and it was first printed at the Mirror printing plant, owned by Jesse Yarnell and T. J. Unable to pay the bill, Cole and Gardiner turned the paper over to the Mirror Company. Mathes had joined the firm, and it was at his insistence that the Times continued publication, in July 1882, Harrison Gray Otis moved from Santa Barbara to become the papers editor. Otis made the Times a financial success, in an era where newspapers were driven by party politics, the Times was directed at Republican readers. As was typical of newspapers of the time, the Times would sit on stories for several days, historian Kevin Starr wrote that Otis was a businessman capable of manipulating the entire apparatus of politics and public opinion for his own enrichment. Otiss editorial policy was based on civic boosterism, extolling the virtues of Los Angeles, the efforts of the Times to fight local unions led to the October 1,1910 bombing of its headquarters, killing twenty-one people. Two union leaders, James and Joseph McNamara, were charged, the American Federation of Labor hired noted trial attorney Clarence Darrow to represent the brothers, who eventually pleaded guilty. Upon Otiss death in 1917, his son-in-law, Harry Chandler, Harry Chandler was succeeded in 1944 by his son, Norman Chandler, who ran the paper during the rapid growth of post-war Los Angeles. Family members are buried at the Hollywood Forever Cemetery near Paramount Studios, the site also includes a memorial to the Times Building bombing victims. The fourth generation of family publishers, Otis Chandler, held that position from 1960 to 1980, Otis Chandler sought legitimacy and recognition for his familys paper, often forgotten in the power centers of the Northeastern United States due to its geographic and cultural distance. He sought to remake the paper in the model of the nations most respected newspapers, notably The New York Times, believing that the newsroom was the heartbeat of the business, Otis Chandler increased the size and pay of the reporting staff and expanded its national and international reporting. In 1962, the paper joined with the Washington Post to form the Los Angeles Times-Washington Post News Service to syndicate articles from both papers for news organizations. During the 1960s, the paper won four Pulitzer Prizes, more than its previous nine decades combined, eventually the coupon-clipping branches realized that they could make more money investing in something other than newspapers. Under their pressure the companies went public, or split apart, thats the pattern followed over more than a century by the Los Angeles Times under the Chandler family. The papers early history and subsequent transformation was chronicled in an unauthorized history Thinking Big and it has also been the whole or partial subject of nearly thirty dissertations in communications or social science in the past four decades. In 2000, the Tribune Company acquired the Times, placing the paper in co-ownership with then-WB -affiliated KTLA, which Tribune acquired in 1985
Los Angeles Times
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Front page from October 21, 2008
Los Angeles Times
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Chandler and Otis 1917
Los Angeles Times
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Rubble of the L.A. Times building after the
1910 bombing
Los Angeles Times
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Times
Newspaper vending machine featuring news of the
1984 Summer Olympics
31.
The San Diego Union-Tribune
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The San Diego Union-Tribune is an American metropolitan daily newspaper, published in San Diego, California. Its name derives from a 1992 merger between the two daily newspapers at the time, The San Diego Union and the San Diego Evening Tribune. The name changed to U-T San Diego in 2012 but was changed again to The San Diego Union-Tribune in 2015, in 2015, it was acquired by Tribune Publishing, later renamed tronc. Both the Union and the Tribune were acquired by Copley Press in 1928 and were merged on February 2,1992, the merged newspaper was sold to the private investment group Platinum Equity of Beverly Hills, California, on March 18,2009. On August 17,2010, the Union-Tribune changed its design to improve clarity, legibility, the U-T nameplate was created by Jim Parkinson, a type designer who also created nameplates for The Rolling Stone, Esquire, and Newsweek. In November 2011, Platinum Equity sold the newspaper to MLIM Holdings, a company led by Doug Manchester, a San Diego real estate developer, the purchase price was reportedly in excess of $110 million. Manchester built two landmark downtown hotels, the Manchester Grand Hyatt Hotel and the San Diego Marriott Hotel and his group also owns the Grand Del Mar luxury resort in San Diego. On January 3,2012, the announced that it would use the name U-T San Diego on all of our media products and communications. The official announcement explained the change as being intended to unify our print and digital products under a brand with a clear. U-T San Diego bought the North County Times in 2012, on October 15,2012, the North County Times ceased publication and became the U-T North County Times, which was an edition of the U-T with some North County–specific content. Six months later the U-T North County Times name was dropped, in June 2012, U-T San Diego launched U-T TV, a television news channel. The network featured news, lifestyle, and editorial content produced by the newspapers staff, by October 2013, just over a year after its launch, the network re-formatted with a focus on news, amidst a number of major departures among the channels staff. On February 19,2014, U-T TV was discontinued, in November 2013, the newspaper bought eight more local weekly newspapers in the San Diego area, which continued publication under their own names. The sale ended the newspapers 146 years of private ownership, the transaction was completed on May 21,2015. On the same date, the newspaper reintroduced its previous branding as The San Diego Union-Tribune, the two newspapers reportedly would retain distinct operations, but there would be a larger amount of synergy and content sharing between them. The acquisition did not include the headquarters, which was retained by Manchester. On June 13,2015, at 10,02 p. m. PDT the final run of The San Diego Union Tribune was printed at the San Diego headquarters in Mission Valley began and it was to print the Sunday edition newspaper for June 14,2015. The following Mondays newspaper would be printed at the Los Angeles Times location, the dismantling of the printing presses in Mission Valley began in mid-September 2015
The San Diego Union-Tribune
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May 23, 2015 front page of The San Diego Union-Tribune
The San Diego Union-Tribune
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San Diego Union building, c. 1870s
The San Diego Union-Tribune
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San Diego Sun building, 1908
The San Diego Union-Tribune
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San Diego Daily Bee building, 1908
32.
The Morning Call
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The Morning Call is a daily newspaper based in Allentown, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It ranks among the nations top 100 largest-circulation daily newspapers, with circulation of 80,548 daily readers and 119,216 Sunday readers, the Morning Calls history goes back to 1883 when The Critic, an Allentown newspaper, was founded. The editor, owner and chief reporter of The Critic was Samuel S. Woolever, in what would become a family dynasty that would oversee the company for four decades, in 1894 Muhlenberg College senior David A. Miller went to work for The Critic as its sole reporter. Its owners were Charles Weiser, editor, and Kirt W. DeBelle, the identity of the lucky winner is lost to history, but on Jan. 1,1895, Allentown City Treasurer A. L. Reichenbach and that same year, David A. Miller and his brother Samuel Miller were able to purchase their first shares of The Morning Call. It was the start of a series of stock buyouts that would leave the newspaper entirely in the hands of the Miller brothers by 1904, in that nine-year period, the Miller brothers worked to gather subscribers. In one case, David A. Miller even attended a corn husking party and had family there signed up by the time he left. By 1920, World War I and the work of the Millers had raised circulation to 20,000, a series of newspaper mergers that year, funded by Gen. Harry Clay Trexler, led to the Millers sale of The Morning Call to the Trexler interests. It was only after Trexlers death in 1933, and at the urging of David A. Millers sons, Donald P. in 1935 The Morning Call acquired the sole remaining Allentown newspaper, the Chronicle and News, and renamed it the Evening Chronicle. In 1938 the Sunday Call-Chronicle was first published, in 1951, David A. Miller assumed the official title of president of the Call-Chronicle newspapers. He would keep that post until his death in 1958 at the age of 88 and that September his sons, Donald and Samuel, were named publishers. After Samuels death in 1967, Donald P. Miller continued to run the newspaper and he did so with his son, Edward D. Miller, until the late 1970s when Edward became executive editor and publisher. The Evening Chronicle went to press for the last time in 1980, in 1981 Edward D. Miller left the newspaper, and Donald P. Miller returned as chairman. The publisher and chief officer was Bernard C. Publishers of the Stamford Advocate and Greenwich Times, shorts was publisher and chief executive officer from 1987 until succeeded by Guy Gilmore in 2000. Susan Hunt was named publisher in June 2001, in September 1996, The Morning Call launched its website, themorningcall. com. In 2000, Times Mirror was acquired by the Tribune Company, merging 11 newspapers,22 television stations, four stations, a cable TV company. In February 2006, Timothy R. Kennedy was named publisher, in 2010, Timothy E. Ryan, the publisher and CEO of The Baltimore Sun Media Group, also became The Morning Call’s publisher and CEO
The Morning Call
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The July 27, 2005 front page of The Morning Call
The Morning Call
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The Morning Call' s headquarters in
Center City Allentown
33.
New York Daily News
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The New York Daily News, officially titled Daily News, is an American newspaper based in New York City. It is the fourth-most widely circulated newspaper in the United States. It was founded in 1919, and was the first U. S. daily printed in tabloid format and it is owned by Mortimer Zuckerman, and is headquartered at 4 New York Plaza in Lower Manhattan. The Daily News was founded by Joseph Medill Patterson in 1919, Patterson and his cousin, Robert R. McCormick were co-publishers of the Chicago Tribune and grandsons of Tribune founder Joseph Medill. On his way back, Patterson met with Alfred Harmsworth, who was the Viscount Northcliffe and publisher of the Daily Mirror, impressed with the advantages of a tabloid, Patterson launched the Daily News on June 26,1919. The Daily News was not a success, and by August 1919. Still, New Yorks many subway commuters found the tabloid format easier to handle, by the time of the papers first anniversary in June 1920, circulation was over 100,000 and by 1925, over a million. Circulation reached its peak in 1947, at 2.4 million daily and 4.7 million on Sunday. The Daily News carried the slogan New Yorks Picture Newspaper from 1920 to 1991, for its emphasis on photographs, and a camera has been part of the newspapers logo from day one. The papers later slogan, developed from a 1985 ad campaign, is New Yorks Hometown Newspaper, while another has been The Eyes, the Ears, the Honest Voice of New York. News-gathering operations were, for a time, organized using two-way radios, prominent sports cartoonists have included Bill Gallo, Bruce Stark and Ed Murawinski. Editorial cartoonists have included C. D. Batchelor, editions were published as extras in 1991 during the brief tenure of Robert Maxwell as publisher. In 1982, and again in the early 1990s during a newspaper strike, in the 1982 instance, the parent Tribune offered the tabloid up for sale. In 1991, millionaire Robert Maxwell offered financial assistance to The News to help it stay in business, when Maxwell died shortly thereafter, The News seceded from his publishing empire, which eventually splintered under questions about whether Maxwell had the financial backing to sustain it. After Maxwells death in 1991, the paper was held together in bankruptcy by existing management, led by editor James Willse, mort Zuckerman bought the paper in 1993. From its founding until 1991, the Daily News was owned by the Tribune Company, in 1948 The News established WPIX, whose call letters were based on The News nickname of New Yorks Picture Newspaper, and later bought what became WPIX-FM, which is now known as WFAN-FM. The News also maintains local bureaux in the Bronx, Brooklyn, and Queens, at City Hall, within One Police Plaza, in January 2012, former News of the World and New York Post editor Colin Myler was appointed editor-in-chief of the Daily News. Myler was replaced by his deputy Jim Rich in September 2015, ather than portraying New York through the partisan divide between liberals and conservatives, The News has played up the more mythic rift between the city’s fiends and heroes
New York Daily News
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The August 21, 2014 front page
New York Daily News
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February 5, 1921 front page
New York Daily News
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Daily News Building,
John Mead Howells and
Raymond Hood, architects, rendering by
Hugh Ferriss. The landmark building housed the paper until the mid-1990s.
New York Daily News
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Former headquarters at 450 West 33rd Street
34.
Greater Orlando
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Its principal cities are Orlando, Kissimmee and Sanford. The U. S. Office of Management and Budget defines it as consisting of the counties of Lake, Orange, Osceola, and Seminole. According to the 2010 U. S. Census, the population of Greater Orlando is 2,134,411, by population, it is the third-largest metropolitan area in Florida, the fifth-largest in the southeastern United States, and the 26th largest in the United States. The MSA encompasses 4,012 square miles of total area, the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford MSA is further listed by the U. S. Office of Management and Budget as part of the Orlando–Deltona–Daytona Beach, Florida Combined Statistical Area. This includes the Deltona–Daytona Beach–Ormond Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area, as well as the area of The Villages. The Combined Statistical Area was estimated to have a population of 2,818,120 in 2010, principal cities are defined by the OMB based on population size and employment. In general, a city has more non-residents commuting into the city to work than residents commuting out of the city to work. 53,570 Greater Orlando is best known for its tourism industry, famous attractions include Walt Disney World, SeaWorld Orlando and Universal Orlando. Tourism has brought to Orlando numerous hotels, restaurants, and shopping malls all ranging from low-cost to upscale options, the citrus industry has declined over the past 100 years as farmers moved orange groves further south to more frostproof areas. The Christmas 1989 impact freeze proved particularly damaging to commercial citrus farming within Greater Orlando, there are still three major orange juice plants remaining in the area, Cutrale Citrus Juices in Leesburg, Floridas Natural Growers in Umatilla, and Silver Springs Citrus in Howey-in-the-Hills. Minute Maid maintains a major juice flavoring plant in Apopka, other agricultural pursuits, particularly cattle farming, remain important parts of the Central Florida economy, but are now all located on the outer fringes of the metro area. Orlando is the largest city in Central Florida and is also a food processing center. Metro Orlando has served as a military defense and aerospace center since World War II. The most prominent defense contractor in the area is Lockheed Martin, military presence began in the 1940s, with the opening of McCoy Air Force Base and the Orlando Naval Training Center. McCoy AFB was a hub of B-52 Stratofortress operations. McCoy AFB was split between the city and NTC Orlando in 1974, and NTC Orlando closed in the mid-1990s, McCoy AFB is now the location of the Orlando International Airport. Farther north in Sanford, the Orlando Sanford International Airport was originally Naval Air Station Sanford, metro Orlandos economy has greatly diversified from tourism, and the area is now considered a primary city for the modeling, simulation and training industry. The University of Central Florida is home to more than 60,000 students, the second largest public university campus by enrollment, the Central Florida Research Park is the seventh largest research park in the United States by number of employees, and fourth largest by number of companies
Greater Orlando
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Location in the state of Florida
35.
Amway Center
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The Amway Center is a sports and entertainment venue in Orlando, Florida, located in the Downtown area. It is part of Downtown Orlando Master Plan 3, a plan that also involves improvements to the Citrus Bowl and a new performing arts center. The arena is home to the Orlando Magic of the NBA, the Orlando Solar Bears of the ECHL, Amway Center hosted the second and third round games of the NCAA Division I Mens Basketball Tournament in 2014. On January 14,2013, the Arena Football Leagues Board of Directors voted to award ArenaBowl XXVI to Orlando in the summer of 2013 and it hosted UFC on Fox, dos Anjos vs. Cerrone 2 on December 19,2015. Amway Arena was built in 1989, prior to the recent era of technologically advanced entertainment arenas, with the rush to build new venues in the NBA, it quickly became one of the oldest arenas in the league. The arena itself cost around $380 million, with an additional million for land and infrastructure. It is part of a $1. 05-billion plan to redo the Orlando Centroplex with a new arena, a new performing arts center. When it was announced in the media on September 29, it was referred to as the Triple Crown for Downtown, the details of the agreement were finalized on December 22,2006. In addition, the City will be paid a part of naming rights and corporate suite sales, the Magic will receive all proceeds from ticket sales for Magic games, while the City will receive all proceeds from ticket sales to all other events. The Orlando Magic will contribute at least $50 million in cash up-front, pick up any cost overruns, the City of Orlando will pay for the land and infrastructure. The Magic will guarantee $100 million of these bonds, the Orlando City Council approved several operating agreements connected with the arena plans on May 22,2007. The City Council approved the plan officially, 6-1, on July 23, the Venue plan received final approval by the Orange County Board of County Commissioners, 5-2, in late evening of July 26 after a long day of public hearings. Amendments were made by the County Commission which were approved on August 6 by the City Council, 6-1, sealing the deal once and for all. On December 1,2007, the City and the Magic came to an agreement on nearly $8.5 million in compensation to three owners of the land where the arena is planned to be built, an eminent domain hearing confirmed the agreement and finalized the sale. The city and county were quick to assure local media that in no way would Fitchs downgrade delay construction, phillips Center for the Performing Arts and the $175 million renovation of the Florida Citrus Bowl stadium. Such a move would not threaten the Magics status as tenant in the venue. Populous was named the Architect of Record on August 3,2007, with Smith Seckman Reid and Walter P Moore Engineers, california-based art curator Sports and the Arts assembled the Amway Center Art Collection. The collection includes more than 340 works of art, including about 200 museum-quality photographs, fourteen of the 21 artists housed in the collection represent Central Florida
Amway Center
Amway Center
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Amway Center
Amway Center
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Amway Center in its basketball-venue arrangement after hosting its first NBA regular season game
Amway Center
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Amway Center main entrance at the opening game of 2010-11 regular season Orlando Magic
36.
Bok Tower Gardens
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Bok Tower Gardens is a National Historic Landmark, contemplative garden, and bird sanctuary located north of Lake Wales, Florida, United States. It consists of a 250-acre garden, the 205-foot tall Singing Tower with its bells, Pine Ridge Trail, Pinewood Estate. The tower is built upon Iron Mountain, one of the highest points of peninsular Florida and it is a National Historic Landmark that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Bok Tower Gardens is open daily, and a fee is charged. The first year was spent digging trenches and laying pipes for irrigation, after which soil was brought to the site by thousands of truck loads and plantings began. The Olmsted plan included the planting of 1,000 large live oaks,10,000 azaleas,100 sabal palms,300 magnolias, and 500 gordonias, as well as hundreds of fruit shrubs such as blueberry and holly. Attempts were made to introduce flamingos to the several times. Under construction for five years, Bok Tower Gardens was dedicated by President Calvin Coolidge on February 1,1929. Edward Bok died on January 9,1930 and was interred at the base of the tower, frederick Law Olmsted Jr. designed the meandering gardens of Bok Tower Gardens to feature acres of ferns, palms, oaks, pines, and wetland plants. The site is a refuge for more than a bird species. Wild turkey and groups of sandhill cranes are often seen wandering the grounds. The Singing Tower is the centerpiece of the gardens, the tower was built at the highest elevation of the site, south of a reflection pool that allows the water to reflect its full image. A 60-bell carillon set within the 205-foot tall, Gothic Revival, construction on the tower began in 1927 and was completed for the dedication of the gardens in 1929, when it was dedicated by President Calvin Coolidge. The tower is 51 feet square at its base, changing form at 150 feet high to an octagon with 37 feet sides that include sculptures designed by Lee Lawrie, the tower is surrounded by a 15-foot moat that serves as a koi pond. It is built of pink Etowah marble and gray Creole marble, mined in Tate, Georgia, although the towers interior is not open to the public, it contains the Anton Brees Carillon Library, said to be the largest carillon library in the world. It also is home to the Chao Research Center Archives, which keeps various institutional records related to Bok Tower, inside the bell chamber is a playing room that houses a clavier, or keyboard, that is used for playing the carillon bells. Recitals are given daily from the 60-bell carillon set, Bok Tower Gardens currently houses a substantial amount of collections that document the history and growth of the Singing tower, the Gardens, and Pinewood Estate. The Anton Brees Carillon Library was established in 1968 after the death of Anton Brees, the library is located on the fifth floor of the Singing Tower
Bok Tower Gardens
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The ornate brass door leading into Bok Tower and details of its stonework
Bok Tower Gardens
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Rear side of tower
Bok Tower Gardens
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Detail of glazed ceramic mosaics
Bok Tower Gardens
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Distant orange groves seen from atop site of Bok Tower (Iron Mountain summit)
37.
CFE Arena
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The CFE Federal Credit Union Arena is a sports and entertainment arena located in Orlando, Florida, United States on the main campus of the University of Central Florida. It was constructed beginning in 2006 as a replacement for the original UCF arena, the arena is home to the Knights mens and womens basketball teams. In 2010, the Legends Football League team Orlando Fantasy played at the arena, the Arena also hosted the annual Science Olympiad in 2012 and 2014. For the 2014 season only, it served as the home of the Orlando Predators of the Arena Football League, the arena is 325,000 square feet, and boasts a capacity of over 10,000, and 17 luxury suites. As of March 2017, the record for the arena is 10,011. The theater can be configured for concerts, family events, musical theatre, commencements, the CFE Arena is owned by the university, and is managed by Global Spectrum, a subsidiary of Philadelphia-based Comcast Spectacor. The arena was built in 1991 with a capacity of 5,100 and was home to mens basketball, womens basketball, and volleyball. It has hosted the Atlantic Sun Conference mens basketball tournament three times, in 1994,1995, and 2002. The last basketball game played in the facility was on March 3,2007. A new arena was built 2007, as part of a project to create an athletic village known as Knights Plaza. According to the guide, the new arena has a basketball capacity of 9,465. The student section has been dubbed the Knightmare, the new arena was completed in September 2007 and is the home to both the mens and womens basketball teams. This expansion made the CFE Arena the second largest arena complex in Orlando, beginning in 2008, the grounds around arena hosted Light Up UCF, a holiday celebration that features an outdoor ice skating rink. For the event, the arena is decorated with thousands of lights that are synchronized to holiday music, in October 2008, the CFE Arena was home to one of the largest Presidential Debate Watch Parties ever. On the front lawn of the arena the Presidential Debate was projected onto an inflatable movie screen while a Lupe Fiasco concert was taking place inside the arena. The Presidential Debate, which was the debate of the election, was then replayed for the thousands of attendees as they were leaving the concert. Lupe Fiasco actually acknowledged that the debate would be shown after the show and encouraged the attendees to stay, on May 18–19,2012, the arena hosted the Opening and Closing Ceremonies of the 2012 Science Olympiad National Tournament. In addition to its use as an arena, the arena is regularly used to host other events on campus, including career fairs, graduation ceremonies, concerts
CFE Arena
CFE Arena
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The interior of the CFE Arena, UCF's multi-purpose indoor sports arena.
38.
Dr. Phillips Center for the Performing Arts
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The Dr. Phillips Center for the Performing Arts is a performing arts center in Downtown Orlando, Florida, United States. It replaced the Bob Carr Performing Arts Centre, originally opened as the Orlando Municipal Auditorium in 1927, the centers grand opening was held on November 6,2014. Barton Myers is the architect, with acoustics by Artec Consultants. The design for the new venue was revealed on August 21,2008, the venue features a 2, 700-seat amplified hall for Broadway theater-class play events and a 300-seat venue for smaller shows and events. A third theater, a 1, 700-seat acoustic hall for ballet, operas and orchestral performances, will begin construction in 2016, the venue will cost US$514 million, with the completion of the third stage, the Acoustical Theater. Two-thirds of the funding comes from public funds, largely from the Orange County tourist development tax, the other one-third comes from private donations, including a large grant from the Dr. P. Phillips Foundation, the philanthropic organization funded through the estate of Dr. Philip Phillips. A slow-down in the tourist development tax and other conditions have forced the plans to become phased into two stages of construction. The amplified hall and the 300-seat venue were part of Phase I, Phase II includes the acoustical hall. Groundbreaking took place in June 2011, the center, when fully completed at the end of Phase II, will occupy two city blocks. The center is bordered by Orange Ave to the west, South St. to the north, Rosalind Ave. to the east, the first Broadway production to play the Walt Disney Theater was Cameron Mackintoshs new production of The Phantom of the Opera
Dr. Phillips Center for the Performing Arts
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Dr. Phillips Center for the Performing Arts
Dr. Phillips Center for the Performing Arts
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Venue during construction, c. March 2014
39.
Gatorland
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Gatorland is a 110-acre theme park and wildlife preserve in Florida, located along South Orange Blossom Trail south of Orlando. Founded 68 years ago by Owen Godwin on former land in 1949. The park is known for buying and rescuing nuisance alligators from trappers that would otherwise be killed for their meat, the Breeding Marsh area of the park was used in the filming of the 1984 movie Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom. The operation also has a road show providing alligator wrestling, pythons, lizards and other animals with an informative animal talk for private parties. In addition, Gatorland manages the live alligator display at the Gaylord Palms resort in Kissimmee and this park also has a snakes of Florida exhibit, with species like indigo snakes, cottonmouths, and rattlesnakes. The park is known for its leucistic alligators. The park claims that the Gatorland Express is the oldest amusement attraction in Central Florida, the original locomotive was retired in 2000 and put on static display, while a brand-new locomotive built by Train Rides Unlimited was purchased and put into operation the following year. The new locomotive is the model as the locomotive used at the nearby Green Meadows Petting Farm. An additional fee is required to ride the railroad and prior to the 2011 opening of the zip line, the fire was brought under control within several hours, but the gift shop was completely destroyed, and several walkways also burned. The fire killed a four-foot-long crocodile and two six-foot-long pythons, but spared the other animals, during the day, the birds that are displayed in and around the shop were moved to the aviary at the back of the park and were not injured. After inspectors confirmed that there was no damage to the various walkways and displays at the park. The gift shop and main offices were rebuilt as a concrete block building, incorporating the repainted historic concrete alligators mouth. In the summer of 2011 Gatorland added a new attraction, a zip line that travels across a pool of alligators, the ride is approximately 1,200 feet long, several stories high and for riders above 37 inches tall. In January 2016, Gatorland made the zip line wheelchair-accessible, Gatorland opened Gator Spot at Fun Spot America Theme Parks Orlando park on May 11,2015. The $1 million attraction allows Gatorland to extend their brand to the I-Drive tourist area, with visitors able to hold, take photos with, the star of the attraction is a leucistic alligator named Bouya, a white gator with blue eyes. Central Florida Zoo and Botanical Gardens Official website Gatorland at ThemeGo
Gatorland
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Entrance to Gatorland, prior to the 2006 fire
Gatorland
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Feeding
40.
Holy Land Experience
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The Holy Land Experience is a Christian theme park in Orlando, Florida and registered non-profit corporation. HLE conducts weekly church services and bible studies for the general public, hLE’s theme park recreates the architecture and themes of the ancient city of Jerusalem in 1st century Judea. The Holy Land Experience is owned by the Trinity Broadcasting Network, Jan Crouch was Director and CEO until her death in May 2016. Marvin Rosenthal, a Russian/Jewish born Christian minister, purchased the property in 1989. Rosenthal founded both the Holy Land Experience and Zions Hope, which funded the initial construction. The park opened in February 2001, on August 17,2002, the Holy Land Experience Scriptorium museum opened. It features the Van Kampen Collection of biblically related artifacts, the collection includes ancient scrolls, manuscripts, and early printed editions of the Bible. The collection is the fourth largest of its kind, the Van Kampen Collection was founded in 1986 by Robert and Judith Van Kampen. In 1994 Robert Van Kampen established a privately funded research library for the purpose of presenting the collection to the community as well as the general public. The Scriptorium, Center for Christian Antiquities, located in Grand Haven, MI, in 2002, the Collection relocated to Orlando, where it is on loan to the Holy Land Experience. In June 2007, the Holy Land Experience Board of Directors sold the property to the Trinity Broadcasting Network, the property was an estimated $8 million in debt at the time of the sale. At that time TBN planned to update the park and use the property to build a Central Florida broadcasting facility, on August 21,2007, former president and board member, Tom Powell, resigned his position to seek new challenges. Four people remained on the board, Paul Crouch Sr. Jan Crouch, Paul Crouch Jr. Between 50 and 100 employees lost their jobs when they were cut from the payroll in October 2007, under TBN’s ownership, The Holy Land Experience underwent construction and the addition of new landscaping, exhibits, restaurants, and theaters which feature live musical and theatrical productions. The park has also introduced weekly bible studies, church services, the Smile of a Child Adventure Land was added to the park exhibits. This children’s park features exhibits and activities for children, such as a wilderness rock-climbing wall, toy store, children’s theater, HLE is a non-denominational Christian living biblical museum and church. Church services and bible studies are conducted by ordained pastors for the public on a weekly basis. HLE is registered as a corporation with the Florida Department of State Division of Corporations
Holy Land Experience
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A major contributor to this article appears to have a
close connection with its subject. It may require
cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies, particularly
neutral point of view. Please discuss further on the
talk page. (July 2012)
Holy Land Experience
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Re-enactment of the crucifixion
41.
Legoland Florida
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Legoland Florida is a theme park in Winter Haven, Florida. The park encompasses 145 acres, making it the second-largest Legoland park after Legoland Windsor in the UK, built on the site of the former Cypress Gardens theme park, Legoland preserved the botanical park and redecorated the water park and roller coasters along a Lego theme. Designed for families with children ages 2 to 12, the park has more than 45 rides, shows, attractions, restaurants, shops, and a botanical garden, a hotel opened on the property on May 15,2015. On January 15,2010, Merlin Entertainments declared its intention to build a Legoland theme park on the site of the old Cypress Gardens theme park, six days later, a news conference was held with Florida Governor Charlie Crist and park officials. After a relatively short period, Legoland Florida opened on Saturday. Three months later, Legoland Florida announced it would add a water park, the former Splash Island water park reopened as Legoland Florida Water Park on May 26,2012. More than 50 rides, shows, and attractions are featured in the based on those at other Legoland parks. The Jungle Coaster ride from Legoland Windsor was moved to the park, Cypress Gardens botanical park was preserved as part of the park. Also surviving is a vast Banyan tree that was planted as a seedling in a bucket in 1939. The Splash Island Waterpark was kept and is a separately ticketed admission, the Starliner coaster, formerly of the Miracle Strip Amusement Park in Panama City, was dismantled for sale. The Island in the Sky ride was kept and updated for 2011. The park has 11 sections, Island in the Sky, A150 feet rotating platform ride that provides a 360° view of the park, dragon Coaster, A steel family coaster which features an indoor dark ride portion. The Royal Joust, A simulated joust attraction where children ride Lego-themed horses through medieval scenes, merlins Challenge, A mini Himalaya flat ride. The Forestmens Hideout, A multi-level tree and rope climb, big Rig Rally, A semi truck ride. Junior Fire Academy, A firetruck ride, granny’s Jalopies, A Sellner built vintage car ride. Duplo Farm Factory Tour, A firsthand look at how Lego bricks are made from factory to finish Grand Carousel, wells Fargo Fun Town 4D Theater, A 4D cinema with 700 seats. Lego Heroes, An immersive interactive play area based on Lego’s Hero Factory line, built & Test, An exhibit where guests can build a Lego car and test it on the digitally timed track. Kid Power Towers, A set of towers where guests can hoist themselves up to the top then enjoy a “free-fall” to the bottom, Lego Mindstorms, An exhibit where guests can build and program computerized LEGO MINDSTORMS robots
Legoland Florida
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Entrance to Legoland Florida
Legoland Florida
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Island in the Sky
Legoland Florida
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Lego Kingdoms
Legoland Florida
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Coastersaurus
42.
Medieval Times
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Medieval Times Dinner and Tournament is a family dinner theater featuring staged medieval-style games, sword-fighting, and jousting. Medieval Times Entertainment, the company for the nine theaters, is headquartered in Irving. Each location is housed in a replica 11th-century castle, with the exception of the Toronto location, which is housed inside the CNE Government Building, shows are performed by a cast of about 75 actors and 20 horses in each location. In 1973, a medieval re-enactment dinner theater was set up by Jose Montener on his estate on the Spanish island of Mallorca, later a private company was formed, and in 1977, a castle was opened in Benidorm, Spain. With the support of investors the show moved to the United States, the second castle opened in Buena Park, California, in 1986. In 1989, a village was added to the Orlando castle to augment the experience. To this day, the Orlando castle is the castle to have a medieval village. The third castle opened up in Lyndhurst, New Jersey, in 1990, in 1991, a fourth castle opened up in Schaumburg, Illinois, a suburb near the city of Chicago. This castle has the largest arena out of all of the castles, as the arena can seat up to 1,500 patrons. In 1992, the castle opened up in Dallas, Texas. Due to the proximity of the Texas location to the headquarters, in 1993, the sixth castle opened up in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. This castle is the castle outside of the United States. In 1995, the castle opened up in Myrtle Beach. According to the IRS, Medieval Times improperly deducted royalties, loan interest, the eighth castle opened in Baltimore, Maryland in 2003. In 2006, the ninth theater location was opened in Atlanta, the chain was featured in the 1996 film The Cable Guy, and the 2004 feature film Garden State. It has also featured in episodes of TV shows such as Cake Boss, Hells Kitchen. The shows change about every six years, the most recent change was in October 2011, the music for this version of the show was recorded in Kiev, Ukraine, and mixes an orchestra and show choir with electric guitars and rock percussion, with Russian influenced melody. For the third time, composer Daniel May took part in its development, a new show is set to debut sometime during 2017
Medieval Times
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The Medieval Times building in
Exhibition Place,
Toronto,
Ontario,
Canada. The American locations however are all housed inside replica 11th-century castles.
Medieval Times
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The introduction of the
knights
43.
Orlando Eye
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The Orlando Eye is a 400 ft tall giant Ferris wheel near Orlando, Florida, US. It carried its first passenger on April 29,2015, since July 28,2016, it has been known as Coca-Cola Orlando Eye. According to its website, the Orlando Eye is the first wheel ever to use such a system in combination with a suspended ski lift capsule design. The wheel was reported to be in the stages of planning in March 2011. In January 2013, it was reported that the opening date had been pushed back to by Thanksgiving 2014. Erection of the support structure began in December 2013. In April 2014 it was reported that completion had been delayed until Spring 2015. Installation of the 30 air-conditioned passenger capsules, each of which can carry up to 15 persons, began in mid-January 2015, in mid-February, it was announced that the soft opening was scheduled for May 1, followed by a grand opening ceremony on May 4. On July 28,2016, the Orlando Eye followed the more famous Coca-Cola London Eye in becoming sponsored by the Coca-Cola company. The deal included the renaming of the Eye and four new Surprise and Delight capsules, which are branded capsules with a cooler of soda and selfie sticks
Orlando Eye
44.
Orlando Museum of Art
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The Orlando Museum of Art is a 5013 not-for-profit organization directly serving greater Orlando, Orange County and Central Florida. The museum was founded in 1924 by a group of art enthusiasts, the museums mission is to inspire creativity, passion and intellectual curiosity by connecting people with art and new ideas. OMA hosts year-round workshops, art classes, lectures, seminars, films and guided tours for children. OMA is accredited by the American Alliance of Museums and is a member of the North American Reciprocal Museums program, the history of the Orlando Museum of Art is one of growth guided by community leadership. OMA was founded in 1924 as Orlando Art Association and its name was changed to the Loch Haven Art Center in 1960, and again to the Orlando Museum of Art in 1986. The organization began as an art center with a group of artists who met informally in the early 1920s. In the late 1950s, the community raised funds to build a new facility designed by James Gamble Rogers III, OMA began to collect art in 1960 when it accepted the donations of important American paintings by Georgia O’Keeffe and Charles Sheeler. OMA continued its expansion, working with architects Nils Schweizer and Duane Stark, by 1969 OMA had added new galleries, a 250-seat auditorium, three studio classrooms, a library, vault and offices. In 1985, OMA was designated a “major cultural institution” by the State of Florida, in the 1997, OMA completed a $13.5 million facility renovation and building project which expanded the facility to its current size of 80,000 square feet. OMA’s collection boasts more than 2,400 objects including Contemporary Art, American Art from the 18th century to 1945, Art of the Ancient Americas, the Art of the Ancient Americas collection is among the finest of its kind in the Southeastern United States. Orlando Museum of Art Orlando Museum of Art, Museum information from Traditional Fines Arts Organization including descriptions of exhibitions Orlando Museum of Art Orlando, Florida
Orlando Museum of Art
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Orlando Museum of Art
Orlando Museum of Art
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Orlando Museum of Art building and grounds
45.
Orlando Science Center
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The Orlando Science Center is a private science museum located in Orlando, Florida. Its purposes are to provide experience-based opportunities for learning about science and technology, the Orlando Science Center is accredited by the American Alliance of Museums and is a member of the Association of Science-Technology Centers. Incorporated in 1955, the Central Florida Museum opened in Orlando Loch Haven Park in 1960, for its first decade, it was an anthropology museum with collections of artifacts relating to Florida and the Caribbean Basin. In the early 1970s, the CFMs board of directors voted to change directions and to become a hands-on science, in 1973 the institution was renamed to honor a famous native son and astronaut, John Young. In 1984, as part of an expansion and change of philosophy and its new facility was the setting for the Orlando Childrens Museum scenes in Ernest Saves Christmas. During the final expansion to the facility in 1990, NatureWorks. In May 1992, the Board and staff developed a master plan for the Orlando Science Center. Construction of the new center began in early 1995. The Orlando Science Center celebrated its opening on February 1,1997. It is six times larger than the facility, which closed December 31,1996. The current president and CEO of the center is JoAnn Newman. Such as, plants and animals of coral reefs, cypress swamps, mangrove and you can learn how living and non-living things interact with each other and their environment. KidsTown - 2nd Floor - Miniature town that introduces science concepts through experiences, hands-on interactives. Visitors can engage in a series of challenges that invite them to design, build. - 3rd Floor - A hands-on exhibit that designed around the engineering process, guests can plan a design, create a prototype, and improve and retest engineering prototypes. Fusion, A STEAM Gallery – 3rd floor mezzanine - The Orlando Science Center’s art gallery which integrates art into the STEM curriculum, all art displayed has a fusion of art and technology. Our Planet - 4th Floor - This exhibit is geared to exploring the strange, curious and odd peculiarities of the universe, discover the dynamic forces and systems that shape Earth and uncover the mysteries of the solar system. Experiences include computer-based interactives and visuals, such as direct from the NASA Hubble Space Telescope
Orlando Science Center
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The Orlando Science Center as seen from
Harry P. Leu Gardens
46.
SeaWorld Orlando
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SeaWorld Orlando is a theme park and marine zoological park, located In Orlando, Florida. It is owned and operated by SeaWorld Parks & Entertainment, when combined with its neighbor Discovery Cove and Aquatica, it forms SeaWorld Parks and Resorts Orlando, an entertainment complex consisting of the three parks and many neighboring hotels. In 2015, SeaWorld Orlando hosted an estimated 4.7 million guests, ranking it the tenth most visited amusement park in the United States, as of summer 2014, SeaWorld Orlando has been separated into different areas, called seas. Each with a unique themed element and it is the guests gateway to the many seas of SeaWorld. Sea of Shallows, This area showcases most of the shallow water sea animal exhibits at the park as well as the Dolphin Theater, in addition, the Manta rollercoaster travels through this section and Turtle Trek, a dome theater show also reside here. All of the Key West at SeaWorld area is inside of the Sea of Shallows and it is designed to mimic the appearance of the city of Key West, Florida with architecture and landscaping reminiscent of the area. The stingray and dolphin habitats offer opportunities for guests to feed the animals, Sea of Legends, The Sea of Legends is dedicated to the mysterious myths and other tales told about the sea. Journey to Atlantis, a ride with roller-coaster elements, bases its story from the legend of the lost city of Atlantis. Next to the shop there is an aquarium with animals in an environment made to look like Atlantis. Also found here is Kraken, a floorless roller-coaster where the plays the part of the Kraken racing through the ocean. Sea of Ice, Sea of Ice, originally named Antarctica, is themed around the Antarctic continent, Antarctica, Empire of the Penguin is the sole attraction in this area. It is a ride where the guests follow a young penguin on a journey home after a harsh storm. The ride exits into the exhibit area. Sea of Delight, Sea of Delight includes a sub-area named The Waterfront, the majority of the parks restaurants are here as well as many shops. The parks Sky Tower ride is also here, it was integrated into the theme of The Waterfront village when the area opened in 2003, the only land animal show at the park, Pets Ahoy, is located here inside of the Seaport Theater. Outside of the Waterfront is where the Sea Lion and Otter Stadium viewing area stands, Sea of Mystery, The Sea of Mystery is a smaller area compared to the others in the park, with the exception of Antarctica. It also includes the Sea Garden, an area with themed structures that are made from trash found on beaches. Mako, a Bolliger & Mabillard steel hypercoaster opened in the area on June 10th 2016, the current shark exhibit, Sea of Fun, Formerly Shamus Happy Harbor, Sea of Fun, is a childrens area hosted by Shamu, the parks orca mascot
SeaWorld Orlando
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Sky Tower
SeaWorld Orlando
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SeaWorld Orlando
SeaWorld Orlando
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Swishy Fishies kid's teacup ride at SeaWorld Orlando.
SeaWorld Orlando
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Dining with the sharks at the Sharks Underwater Grill
47.
Universal Orlando
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The Universal Orlando Resort, commonly known as Universal Orlando, formerly Universal Studios Escape, is a theme park resort in Orlando, Florida. It is wholly owned by NBCUniversal and its affiliates, Universal Orlando is the second-largest resort in Greater Orlando after Walt Disney World. Universal Orlando consists of two parks, a water park, a night-time entertainment complex, and five Loews Hotels. Universal Orlando opened in 1990, as the theme park Universal Studios Florida and it was opened as a joint venture between Universal Entertainment and The Blackstone Group. The park was in competition with Disney-MGM Studios. In 1994, executives started planning the expansion of the resort into a vacation destination. In late 1995, construction began on a new park, Islands of Adventure, the Islands of Adventure Preview Center opened in May 1997 replacing the Screen Test Home Video Adventure. On May 28,1999, Islands of Adventure opened to the general public and it featured six themed islands, including Seuss Landing, The Lost Continent, Jurassic Park, Toon Lagoon, and Marvel Super Hero Island. The park opened to mediocre attendance, and several attractions were closed shortly thereafter, including Island Skipper Tours, along with the new theme park, the resort also opened a Florida version of Universal CityWalk from Universal Studios Hollywood. CityWalk Orlando, but with different venues and design, Universal also opened the resorts first onsite hotel in 1999. Loews Portofino Bay Hotel was operated and partially owned by Loews Hotels but was partially owned by Universal. The two theme parks, CityWalk, and the hotel were branded as Universal Studios Escape, however the name was changed to Universal Orlando Resort. In December 2000, Hard Rock Hotel opened as Universal Orlandos second onsite hotel, despite its name, the hotel is owned by Loews Hotels, like Loews Portofino Bay Hotel and is not affiliated with the Hard Rock Cafe company. In 2001, Loews Royal Pacific Resort opened, in the midst of all these openings, two parking garages were constructed and the popular water park Wet n Wild Orlando was acquired. On June 18,2010, the newest island at Universals Islands of Adventure, The Wizarding World of Harry Potter, the Blackstone Group sold its stake in Universal Orlando in early 2011. Universal Studios Florida is composed of themed areas and attractions based on the film industry, visitors get themed dining and shopping, a variety of special events throughout the year, and may even catch an actual film crew at work on the backlot. The original theme park in the resort, Universal Studios Florida opened on June 7,1990, as a theme park that let visitors Ride the Movies. The themes of Universal Studios Orlando are targeted at making guests feel like they are on a set with rides, shows, and attractions inspired by popular film, television
Universal Orlando
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Vacation like you mean it.
Universal Orlando
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The Pharos Lighthouse marks the entrance to Islands of Adventure
Universal Orlando
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Panoramic view of Universal Studios Florida's lagoon
Universal Orlando
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Revenge of the Mummy features a line for Universal Express Pass
48.
Walt Disney World
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The Walt Disney World Resort is an entertainment complex in Bay Lake and Lake Buena Vista, Florida, near Orlando and Kissimmee, Florida. The resort is the destination of Disneys worldwide corporate enterprise. Opened on October 1,1971, Walt Disney World is the most visited vacation resort in the world, the resort is owned and operated by Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, a division of The Walt Disney Company. It was initially operated by Walt Disney World Company, Magic Kingdom was the first theme park to open in the complex, in 1971, followed by Epcot in 1982, Disneys Hollywood Studios in 1989, and the most recent, Disneys Animal Kingdom in 1998. Designed to supplement Disneyland in Anaheim, California, which had opened in 1955, the Florida Project, as it was known, was intended to present a distinct vision with its own diverse set of rides. Walt Disneys original plans called for the inclusion of an Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow. Walt Disney died on December 15,1966, before construction began, without Disney spearheading the construction, the company created a resort similar to Disneyland, abandoning experimental concepts for a planned community. In 1959, Walt Disney Productions began looking for land to house a second resort to supplement Disneyland in Anaheim, California, which had opened in 1955. Market surveys at the revealed that only 5% of Disneylands visitors came from east of the Mississippi River. Additionally, Walt Disney disliked the businesses that had sprung up around Disneyland, Walt Disney flew over a potential site in Orlando, Florida – one of many – in November 1963. To avoid a burst of land speculation, Walt Disney World Company used various dummy corporations to acquire 30,500 acres of land, in May 1965, some of these major land transactions were recorded a few miles southwest of Orlando in Osceola County. In addition, two tracts totaling $1. Some are now memorialized on a window above Main Street, U. S. A. in Magic Kingdom, the smaller parcels of land acquired were called outs. They were 5-acre lots platted in 1912 by the Munger Land Company, most of the owners in the 1960s were happy to get rid of the land, which was mostly swamp at the time. Another issue was the rights to the land, which were owned by Tufts University. Without the transfer of rights, Tufts could come in at any time. Eventually, Disneys team negotiated a deal with Tufts to buy the rights for $15,000. Working strictly in secrecy, real estate agents unaware of their clients identity began making offers to landowners in April 1964 in parts of southwest Orange and northwest Osceola counties
Walt Disney World
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Cinderella Castle, the icon of
Magic Kingdom
Walt Disney World
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Spaceship Earth, the icon of
Epcot
Walt Disney World
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The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror, the icon of
Disney's Hollywood Studios
Walt Disney World
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The
Tree of Life, the icon of
Disney's Animal Kingdom
49.
Daytona State College
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Daytona State College is a public state college located in Daytona Beach, Florida, United States, and is a member institution of the Florida College System. As of 2011, DSC held eight NJCAA Team National Championship titles, as of 2014, it served nearly 30,000 students annually. Daytona State College is accredited to award associate and bachelors degrees by the Southern Association of Colleges, the Florida Legislature authorized Daytona Beach Junior College as one of Floridas first comprehensive colleges in 1957. Volusia County Junior College was founded simultaneously as a school for African Americans, following the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Volusia was closed in 1965, and its students were given the option of enrolling at Daytona Beach. Those who did found an unhospitable atmosphere, and while 450 students transferred in 1965-66, in 1968, the Florida Legislature combined Daytona Beach Junior Colleges divisions into a single administrative unit under a District Board of Trustees independent of Volusia County Schools. In 1971, the college was renamed Daytona Beach Community College, Daytona Beach Community College became a four-year college in 2006, when it offered its first bachelors degree, the Bachelor of Applied Science in Supervision and Management. The schools athletic teams compete in the Mid-Florida Conference of the Florida State College Activities Association, Official website of Daytona State College Official website of the Southeast Museum of Photography
Daytona State College
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Broward College
Florida
