In chemistry, pH, also referred to as acidity or basicity, historically denotes "potential of hydrogen". It is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of aqueous solutions. Acidic solutions are measured to have lower pH values than basic or alkaline solutions.
Test tubes containing solutions of pH 1–10 colored with an indicator
Lemon juice tastes sour because it contains 5% to 6% citric acid and has a pH of 2.2 (high acidity).
Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a physical science within the natural sciences that studies the chemical elements that make up matter and compounds made of atoms, molecules and ions: their composition, structure, properties, behavior and the changes they undergo during reactions with other substances. Chemistry also addresses the nature of chemical bonds in chemical compounds.
Image: Sulfur sample
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Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne in Germany
Solutions of substances in reagent bottles, including ammonium hydroxide and nitric acid, illuminated in different colors