Pakistan is one of nine states that possess nuclear weapons. Pakistan is not party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. Pakistan's arsenal is estimated at 170 nuclear weapons as of 2025. Pakistan
Pakistani ballistic missiles on display, including a Shaheen-I (center), and a Ghauri-I (right)
Bhutto in 1969. Pakistan began development of nuclear devices under Zulfikar Ali Bhutto's leadership with a commitment to having the design of device ready by 1976–77 to avert further foreign threat from India.
Image showing uplift of granite mountains as a result of Chagai-I test.
The televised screen-shot of Chagai-I on 28 May 1998.
India was the seventh country to develop nuclear weapons. As of 2026, India is estimated to possess 190 nuclear weapons. India previously developed chemical weapons, and is a party to the Biological W
Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction
…arsenal" to protect its national interests in the event of an attack. Pakistan's primary strategic concern is potential conflict with India, which also possesses nuclear weapons. Pakistan operates approximately 126 land-based missiles, primarily ballistic, of various short, medium, and intermediate ranges. Approximately 36 bombs…
Agni V Launch
The Mirage 2000 of the Indian Air Force is believed to be assigned the nuclear strike role, operating from Maharajpur Air Force Station.
Agni-V during its first test flight on 19 April 2012
The Agni-V ballistic missile at the Republic Day parade.