Palatine Township is one of 29 townships in Cook County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 114,403. It is the north central township of the six northwest townships that form the Cook County panhandle. Palatine Township was organized in 1850.

Cook County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Illinois and the second-most-populous county in the United States, after Los Angeles County, California. More than 40 percent of all residents of Illinois live within Cook County. As of 2020, the population was 5,275,541. The county seat is Chicago, the most populous city in Illinois and the third most populous city in the United States. The county is at the center of the Chicago metropolitan area.