1.
Palm Islands Nature Reserve
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The overall area of the reserve is 4.2 square kilometres, it has been designated as a Mediterranean Specially Protected Area under the 1995 Barcelona Convention. The islands were also identified as a Ramsar Wetland of Special International Importance in 1980, the islands are a haven for endangered loggerhead turtles, rare monk seals and a resting and nesting grounds for migratory birds. The largest of the three islands is Palm Island also known as Rabbits Island, the name Araneb comes from the great numbers of rabbits that were grown on the island during the time of the French mandate early in the 20th century. Palm Island is characterized by its terrain and has no obvious reliefs. The islands highest point is at 6 metres above sea level and its rocky shoreline extends from the northwest to south while its sandy beaches lay at the northern and eastern faces. The middle of the island is earthen, it contains evidence of past periods of human occupation such as a water well, an old Salt evaporation pond. The island underwent rehabilitation works which included restoration of the well, the authorities also constructed a boat dock and walking trails and demarcated the islands areas of recreation and research. Sanani Island covers an area of 45,503 square metres south east of Palm Island and it is mainly rocky with a partially sandy shore. Ramkine Island also known as Fanar Island is the smallest of the islands with an area of 34.903 square metres, ramkine island is mostly rocky and rises to about 12 meters above sea level. The island contains the remains of a lighthouse in addition to cannon emplacements, a solar powered navigation light has now been installed in the tower of the old lighthouse. The islands are public property, they were declared protected area by law on March 9,1992, the islands hosted an important settlement as attested by the presence of numerous ostraca dating to the late Roman and medieval periods as well as several rock-cut cisterns. The first of them, and nearest to the land, is the Narcissus Isle, then comes the Isle of the Column, then Monk’s Isle, and then the Isle of Ardhakun. The Crusaders built a church upon the largest island and it was there that Alice of Champagne, the widow of Hugh I of Cyprus came in 1224 to marry Bohemond V of Antioch. The royal wedding took place in this church which we are told by Arab chroniclers was dedicated to Thomas the Apostle. Years later the island became the scene of a bloody massacre, many took refuge in the church where they were put to death when the Mamelukes caught up with them. The island was abandoned for many years. At present the Palm Islands are managed and monitored daily by the Mina City Environment Protection Committee, the islands were first open to the public in 1999. The islands are open to the public between July and September though they may be closed during this period if environmental work or studies are being undertaken
2.
Palm Jumeirah
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It is one of three planned islands called the Palm Islands which would have extended into the Persian Gulf, increasing Dubais shoreline by a total of 520 kilometres. The Palm Jumeirah is the smallest and the original of three Palm Islands originally under development by Nakheel and it is located on the Jumeirah coastal area of the emirate of Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates. Palm Jumeirah Monorail is a 5. 4-kilometre-long monorail connecting the Atlantis Hotel to the Gateway Towers at the foot of the island, located on Palm Jumeirah island in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The monorail connects the Palm Jumeirah to the mainland, with a further extension to the Red Line of the Dubai Metro. The line opened on 30 April 2009 and it is the first monorail in the Middle East. Construction began with the Palm Jumeirah island in June 2001 and the developers announced handover of the first residential units in 2006, in October 2007, 75% of the properties were ready to hand over, with 500 families already residing on the island. By the end of 2009,28 hotels were opened on the Crescent, the Palm Jumeirah has a number of hotels, resorts, and hotel residences, Atlantis, The Palm The Fairmont Palm Hotel & Resort St
3.
Deira Island
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Deira Island is a group of artificial islands in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The project was planned to be part of the Palm Islands and was called Palm Deira. By early October 2007, 20% of the initial palm islands reclamation was complete, then in early April 2008, Nakheel announced that more than a quarter of the total area of the Palm Deira had been reclaimed. This amounted to 300 million cubic metres of sand, since the planned island was so large, it was being developed in several phases. The first one was the creation of Deira Island and this portion of the Palm sits alongside the Deira Corniche between the entrance to Dubai Creek and Al Hamriya Port. By early April 2008, 80% of Deira Island Fronts reclamation was complete, a new redesign was quietly introduced in November 2008, further reducing the size of the project. Since 2008 the project was on-hold, in October 2013 the developer Nakheel announced to remodel the project and rename it to Deira Island. Deira Island will have about 1,400 retail units plus a hotel, Nakheel, the real estate developer of Palm Islands The World, another artificial island project in Dubai. Tourism in Dubai Media related to The Palm at Wikimedia Commons Van Oord dredging and marine contractors Jan De Nul Group dredging and marine contractors
4.
The World (archipelago)
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The World islands are composed mainly of sand dredged from Dubais shallow coastal waters, and are one of several artificial island developments in Dubai. The Worlds developer is Nakheel Properties, and the project was conceived by Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum. Construction of the 300 islands began in 2003, only to halt due to the 2008 financial crisis, though 60 percent of the islands had been sold off to private contractors back in 2008, development on most of these islands has failed to initiate. As of late 2013, only two of the islands had been developed, the first of these series of islands will be Europe, Sweden and Germany with development led by Kleindienst Group, the Developer for The Heart of Europe project. The floating Sea horse villas at St. Petersburg Island are scheduled to be delivered in Dec 2016, as of July 2012, the Lebanon Island was developed and was the only island that has so far been developed commercially, is used for private corporate events and public parties. Islands in the range from 14,000 to 42,000 square metres in area. Distances between islands average 100 metres, they are constructed from 321,000,000 cubic metres of sand and 386 million tons of rock. Designed by Creative Kingdom Dubai, the development is an area that covers 6 by 9 kilometres and is surrounded by an oval-shaped breakwater island, roughly 232 km of shoreline was created. The Worlds overall development costs were estimated at $13 billion CAD in 2005, the project was unveiled in May 2003 by Sheikh Mohammed and dredging began four months later in September 2003. By January 2008, 60% of the islands were sold,20 of which were bought in the first four months of 2007, on 10 January 2008 the final stone on the breakwater was laid, completing development of the archipelago. As of July 2012, an island, the Lebanon Island was developed and was the only island that has so far been developed commercially, is used for private corporate events. The Times Online reported in September 2009 that work on The World had been suspended due to the effects of the financial crisis. And in February 2010 the Daily Mail reported that the islands had started sinking back into the sea and this was later denied by Nakheel and independent technical reports as wholly inaccurate. As of early 2011, only one of the islands had been occupied by a building on it, property prices in the Emirates had fallen 58 percent from their peak in the fourth quarter of 2008. Irish investor/businessman John ODolan, who purchased the Ireland island, committed suicide in February 2009, the World was supposed to be serviced by four major transportation hubs linked by waterways. Land parcels are supposedly zoned for various uses, estate, mid density, high density, resorts, the plan was for utilities to be routed under water, with water plants at each of the hubs pumping fresh water to the islands. Waste water and refuse systems are a concern for each island. Nakheel Group is itself further developing a resort named Coral Island over 20 islands that make up the North American part of The World, the low-rise development will include a marina and hotel village
5.
The Universe (Dubai)
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The Universe was a planned artificial archipelago in the shape of the Milky Way and Solar System, that would be built off the coast of Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The project was announced in January 2008 by the developer Nakheel and it was stated to be completed sometime between 2023 and 2028, but as of 2009, the project has been placed on hold. The dredging companies Van Oord and Jan de Nul, the companies used for the Palm Islands. The Universe is to be located between the Palm Jumeirah, The World, the Jumeirah coast and the Palm Deira, the project was in the planning stages, but was placed on hold in 2009. Nakheels website continued to list The Universe as a project, however. The World Palm Islands Tourism in Dubai The Universe at Nakheels official site
6.
Artificial island
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An artificial island or man-made island is an island that has been constructed by people rather than formed by natural means. Artificial islands may vary in size from small islets reclaimed solely to support a single pillar of a building or structure, early artificial islands included floating structures in still waters, or wooden or megalithic structures erected in shallow waters. The largest artificial island, René-Levasseur Island, was formed by flooding of two adjacent reservoirs, the people of Langa Langa Lagoon and Lau Lagoon in Malaita, Solomon Islands built about 60 artificial islands on the reef including Funaafou, Sulufou and Adaege. The people of Lau Lagoon build islands on the reef as these provided protection against attack from the people who lived in the centre of Malaita and these islands were formed literally one rock at a time. A family would take their canoe out to the reef which protects the lagoon and then dive for rocks, bring them to the surface and then return to the selected site and drop the rocks into the water. Living on the reef was also healthier as the mosquitoes, which infested the coastal swamps, were not found on the reef islands, the Lau people continue to live on the reef islands. Many artificial islands have built in urban harbors to provide either a site deliberately isolated from the city or just spare real estate otherwise unobtainable in a crowded metropolis. An example of the first case is Dejima, created in the bay of Nagasaki in Japans Edo period as a center for European merchants. During the isolationist era, Dutch people were banned from Nagasaki. One of the most well-known artificial islands is the Île Notre-Dame in Montreal, the Venetian Islands in Miami Beach, Florida, in Biscayne Bay added valuable new real estate during the Florida land boom of the 1920s. When the bubble that the developers were riding burst, the bay was left scarred with the remnants of their failed project, the concrete pilings from the project still stand as another development boom roared around them,80 years later. In 1969, the Flevopolder in the Netherlands was finished, as part of the Zuiderzee Works and it has a total land surface of 970 km², which makes it by far the largest artificial island by land reclamation in the world. The island consists of two polders Eastern Flevoland and Southern Flevoland, together with the Noordoostpolder, which includes some small former islands like Urk, the polders form Flevoland, the 12th province of the Netherlands that almost entirely consists of reclaimed land. The Pearl-Qatar is in the north of the Qatari Capital Doha, home to a range of residential, commercial, qanat Quartier is designed to be a Virtual Venice in the Middle East. Dubai is home to several artificial island projects and they include the Palm Islands projects, and The World, The Universe and the Dubai Waterfront. Of all these, only the Palm Jumeirah is complete and inhabited so far, also, the Burj Al Arab is on its own artificial island. The Universe, Palm Jebel Ali, Dubai Waterfront, and Palm Deira are on hold, China has conducted a land reclamation project which had built at least seven artificial islands in the South China Sea totaling 2000 acres in size by mid 2015. One artificial island built on Fiery Cross Reef near the Spratly Islands is now the site of a barracks, lookout tower
7.
Palm Jebel Ali
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The Palm Jebel Ali is an artificial archipelago in Dubai, United Arab Emirates which began construction in October 2002, was originally planned to be completed by mid-2008 and has been on hold since. Major construction will not begin until most of the work is complete. Following the financial crisis of 2008 work has been suspended and the developers, one of the first buildings on The Palm Jebel Ali is already known. Nakheel invited several architects to design a building on a 300,000 m2 area, the winning design was a building by Royal Haskoning, who also worked on several other projects in Dubai. The building can be seen here, in March 2011 Nakheel offered refunds to property investors. Once completed, The Palm Jebel Ali is expected to more than 250,000 people. In the original schedule, by 2021, the first phase of four theme parks would have opened on the Crescent and these planned parks, which together will be called World of Discovery, will be developed and operated by the Busch Entertainment Corporation. The parks include SeaWorld, Aquatica, Busch Gardens and Discovery Cove, the World of Discovery will be located at the top of the Crescent, which will form into the shape of an orca. In November 2014,74 owners on Palm Jebel Ali wrote to the Ruler of Dubai via the Rulers Court regarding the stalled PJA project. On 16 March 2015, Nakheel Chairman Mr Ali Lootah confirmed that Nakheel remains committed to the long term. Palm Islands The World, another artificial island project in Dubai
8.
Dubai
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Dubai is the largest and most populous city in the United Arab Emirates. It is located on the southeast coast of the Persian Gulf and is the capital of the Emirate of Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Dubai are the only two emirates to have veto power over critical matters of national importance in the countrys legislature. The city of Dubai is located on the northern coastline. Dubai will host World Expo 2020, Dubai has emerged as a global city and business hub of the Middle East. It is also a transport hub for passengers and cargo. By the 1960s, Dubais economy was based on revenues from trade and, to an extent, oil exploration concessions. Oil revenue first started to flow in 1969, Dubais oil revenue helped accelerate the early development of the city, but its reserves are limited and production levels are low, today, less than 5% of the emirates revenue comes from oil. The emirates Western-style model of business drives its economy with the main revenues now coming from tourism, aviation, real estate, Dubai was recently named the best destination for Muslim travellers by Salam Standard. Dubai has recently attracted attention through many innovative large construction projects and sports events. The city has become iconic for its skyscrapers and high-rise buildings, in particular the worlds tallest building, Dubai has been criticised for human rights violations concerning the citys largely South Asian and Filipino workforce. As of 2012, Dubai was the 22nd most expensive city in the world, in 2014, Dubais hotel rooms were rated as the second most expensive in the world, after Geneva. Dubai was rated as one of the best places to live in the Middle East by U. S. global consulting firm Mercer, Many theories have been proposed as to the origin of the word Dubai. One theory suggests the word was used to describe the souq, another theory states that the name came from a word meaning money, as people from Dubai were commonly believed to be rich due to the thriving trading centre of the location. An Arabic proverb says Daba Dubai, meaning They came with a lot of money, according to Fedel Handhal, a scholar on the UAEs history and culture, the word Dubai may have come from the word daba, referring to the slow flow of Dubai Creek inland. The poet and scholar Ahmad Mohammad Obaid traces it to the same word, an inhabitant or native of the city is a Dubaian. Although stone tools have been found at archaeological sites, little is known about the UAEs early inhabitants as only a few settlements have been found. Many ancient towns in the area were trading centres between the Eastern and Western worlds, the remnants of an ancient mangrove swamp, dated at 7000 BC, were discovered during the construction of sewer lines near Dubai Internet City. The area was covered with sand about 5,000 years ago as the coast retreated inland, pre-Islamic ceramics have been found from the 3rd and 4th centuries
9.
United Arab Emirates
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In 2013, the UAEs population was 9.2 million, of which 1.4 million are Emirati citizens and 7.8 million are expatriates. The country is a federation of seven emirates, and was established on 2 December 1971, the constituent emirates are Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras al-Khaimah, Sharjah and Umm al-Quwain. Each emirate is governed by a monarch, together, they jointly form the Federal Supreme Council. One of the monarchs is selected as the President of the United Arab Emirates, Islam is the official religion of the UAE and Arabic is the official language. The UAEs oil reserves are the seventh-largest in the world while its natural gas reserves are the worlds seventeenth-largest, Sheikh Zayed, ruler of Abu Dhabi and the first President of the UAE, oversaw the development of the Emirates and steered oil revenues into healthcare, education and infrastructure. The UAEs economy is the most diversified in the Gulf Cooperation Council, while its most populous city of Dubai is an important global city, nevertheless, the country remains principally reliant on its export of petroleum and natural gas. The UAE is criticised for its rights record, including the specific interpretations of Sharia used in its legal system. The UAEs rising international profile has led analysts to identify it as a regional. It appears the land of the Emirates has been occupied for thousands of years, there is no proof of contact with the outside world at that stage, although in time it developed with civilisations in Mesopotamia and Iran. This contact persisted and became wide-ranging, probably motivated by trade in copper from the Hajar Mountains, in ancient times, Al Hasa was part of Al Bahreyn and adjoined Greater Oman. Sassanid groups were present on the Batinah coast, in 637, Julfar was an important port that was used as a staging post for the Islamic invasion of the Sassanian Empire. The area of the Al Ain/Buraimi Oasis was known as Tuam and was an important trading post for camel routes between the coast and the Arabian interior. The earliest Christian site in the UAE was first discovered in the 1990s, a monastic complex on what is now known as Sir Bani Yas Island. Thought to be Nestorian and built in 600 AD, the church appears to have been abandoned peacefully in 750 AD and it forms a rare physical link to a legacy of Christianity which is thought to have spread across the peninsula from 50 to 350 AD following trade routes. Certainly, by the 5th century, Oman had a bishop named John – the last bishop of Oman being Etienne, in 676 AD. This led to a group of travelling to Medina, converting to Islam and subsequently driving a successful uprising against the unpopular Sassanids. Following the death of Prophet Muhammad, the new Islamic communities south of the Persian Gulf threatened to disintegrate, with insurrections against the Muslim leaders. The Caliph Abu Bakr sent an army from the capital Medina which completed its reconquest of the territory with the battle of Dibba in which 10,000 lives are thought to have been lost
10.
International Space Station
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The International Space Station is a space station, or a habitable artificial satellite, in low Earth orbit. Its first component launched into orbit in 1998, and the ISS is now the largest man-made body in space, the ISS consists of pressurised modules, external trusses, solar arrays, and other components. ISS components have been launched by Russian Proton and Soyuz rockets, the ISS serves as a microgravity and space environment research laboratory in which crew members conduct experiments in biology, human biology, physics, astronomy, meteorology, and other fields. The station is suited for the testing of systems and equipment required for missions to the Moon. The ISS maintains an orbit with an altitude of between 330 and 435 km by means of reboost manoeuvres using the engines of the Zvezda module or visiting spacecraft and it completes 15.54 orbits per day. The ISS is the space station to be inhabited by crews, following the Soviet and later Russian Salyut, Almaz. The station has continuously occupied for 16 years and 156 days since the arrival of Expedition 1 on 2 November 2000. This is the longest continuous presence in low Earth orbit. It has been visited by astronauts, cosmonauts and space tourists from 17 different nations, Soyuz has very limited downmass capability. The ISS programme is a joint project among five participating space agencies, NASA, Roscosmos, JAXA, ESA, the ownership and use of the space station is established by intergovernmental treaties and agreements. The station is divided two sections, the Russian Orbital Segment and the United States Orbital Segment, which is shared by many nations. As of January 2014, the American portion of ISS is being funded until 2024, Roscosmos has endorsed the continued operation of ISS through 2024 but has proposed using elements of the Russian Orbital Segment to construct a new Russian space station called OPSEK. On 28 March 2015, Russian sources announced that Roscosmos and NASA had agreed to collaborate on the development of a replacement for the current ISS. NASA later issued a statement expressing thanks for Russias interest in future co-operation in space exploration. According to the original Memorandum of Understanding between NASA and Rosaviakosmos, the International Space Station was intended to be a laboratory, observatory and factory in low Earth orbit. It was also planned to provide transportation, maintenance, and act as a base for possible future missions to the Moon, Mars. In the 2010 United States National Space Policy, the ISS was given roles of serving commercial, diplomatic. The ISS provides a platform to conduct scientific research, the ISS simplifies individual experiments by eliminating the need for separate rocket launches and research staff
11.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
12.
Palm Jumeirah Monorail
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The Palm Jumeirah Monorail is a monorail line on the Palm Jumeirah island in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The monorail connects the Palm Jumeirah to the mainland, with a further extension to the Red Line of the Dubai Metro. The line opened on April 30,2009 and it is the first monorail in the Middle East. The trains are driverless, with attendants for any emergency situations, originally planned to open by December 2008, the opening was delayed to April 30,2009. In 2010, day-to-day operations were taken over by the Middle-East branch of Serco, the project budget is US$400 million, with an additional US$190M set aside for a 2-kilometre future extension to the Dubai Metro. Another source speaks of a budget of US$1.1 billion, a journey on the monorail costs Dhs15 one-way,25 return. The Palm Jumeirah Monorail uses Hitachi Monorail straddle-type technology, the line has a theoretical capacity of 40,000 passengers per day, with trains running every few minutes during peak hours and every 15 to 20 minutes during off-peak hours. However, actual ridership averaged around 600 passengers per day during the first week, in July 2014, frequency was down to every 23 minutes with only one of two trains operating The electro-mechanical works are carried out by ETA-Dubai in joint venture with Hitachi-Japan. As of May 2009, only the Atlantis Aquaventure and Gateway stations are open
13.
Dubai Tram
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The Dubai Tram is a tramway located in Al Sufouh, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It runs for 14.5 kilometers along Al Sufouh Road from Dubai Marina to the Palm Jumeirah and Al Sufouh. The tram interchanges with Jumeirah Lakes Towers Station and Dubai Marina Station of the Dubai Metros Red Line, the Dubai Tram is also connected with the monorail of the Palm Jumeirah at the entrance of the Palm from Sufouh Road. Dubai Tram is also the first tramway project outside Europe to be powered by ground-based electric supply system, the planning and construction of the Dubai Tram is being undertaken by a consortium of Alstom, Besix and Parsons. Construction has been divided into two phases, Phase 1, was expected to be open in April 2011, however it was delayed until November 2014. Upon completion, Phase 1 of the tramline will operate 11 trams, serving 11 stations, the phase I will cost AED3.18 Billion. Some 9.5 kilometres of the Dubai Tram project will be built as part of the first phase I, Phase 2 will add 14 more trams and eight more stations along an additional 4 kilometers of route. As of 10 October 2010, the work on Dubai Tramway had progressed according to the scheduled completion of 2014. However the project was put on hold a month due to lack of finances. The construction of the tramway was resumed in January,2011 with 30% of Phase I having been completed, in mid-2014, the tramline entered the testing phase, and it began operation in November 2014. The Dubai Tram is operated by Serco under contract to the Dubai Roads & Transport Authority, the tram is driven by more than 80 certified drivers. To ensure the safety of the tram and the passengers, every driver is required to take an alcohol test before driving the tram, the driver is allowed to drive the tram if he passes the test. The tram also have a Dead mans switch, which the drivers are required to press every three to five second to ensure that the driver is paying attention, the tram will come to a halt if the driver fails to press the button. Services run 20 hours each day, and it takes 36 minutes to ride the length of the system. Trams run from 6,30 to 1,38, on Fridays, service starts at 9,00. Initially, the headway is a tram every 6 minutes. The tram has a fare of AED3 per trip regardless of the distance travelled, making it one of the cheapest fares for trams. The fare for passengers using the Red Nol Ticket will be AED4 per ride, a Nol Card can be used by passengers to check-in and check-out of the tram by scanning the card at the platform screen doors
14.
Atlantis, The Palm
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Atlantis, The Palm is a UAE luxury hotel resort located at the apex of the Palm Jumeirah in the United Arab Emirates. It was the first resort to be built on the island and is themed on the myth of Atlantis, the resort opened on September 15,2008 as a joint venture between Kerzner International Holdings Limited and Istithmar. The 1,539 room nautically themed resort has two wings, consisting of the East and the West Tower, linked together by the Royal Bridge Suite. It is complemented by the Aquaventure water park and the Nasimi Beach, Atlantis, The Palm, opened on 15 September 2008 as a joint venture between Kerzner International Holdings Limited and Istithmar. In April 2012, Istithmar acquired Kerzner’s 50-percent stake in the property for USD250 million, the property continues to be managed by Kerzner International Resorts. The architect was design firm Wimberly, Allison, Tong and Goo an international firm specializing in Luxury Hotels, the principle contractor for the project was awarded to Laing ORourke, a multinational construction firm based in United Kingdom. Laing ORourke was responsible for the design and construction phases of the 23-story hotel, after the construction of the hotel carried out by Laing ORourke it was officially opened on 15 September 2008. As part of the opening, a show of moving images was illuminated onto the hotel. 100,000 fireworks, around seven times the amount that were used for the ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympics, were let off. The display of fireworks across the full 5 km stretch of The Palm lit up the island and Atlantis. Custom-made shells shipped in from across the globe created a light spectacle taking off from the 716 firing locations around the island, display creator Fireworks by Grucci claims the display set a new world record, but records curator Guinness World Records has yet to announce the status. In October 2007, the received a shipment of 28 bottlenose dolphins from the Solomon Islands, to be used as part of their aquarium exhibit. The move was decried by several groups, particularly for the fact that the export of dolphins had earlier been banned by the Solomon Islands government. Hotel managers have said that though the dolphins are being trained to interact with visitors and they have also stated that the health of the dolphins is paramount, and because the bottlenose is not an endangered species, their shipment did not pose a problem. The deal was done with the approval of the United Arab Emirates and Solomon Island governments, through the company Solomon Islands Marine Mammal Education Centre, the amount of money paid for the dolphins has not been disclosed. A task in the leg of The Amazing Race 15 took place at its water park. The 14 team members had to slide down the resorts Leap of Faith water slide, which dropped them along 60 m and 30 m down an 84° incline and through a tunnel beneath the aquariums shark lagoon. After retrieving the clue at the bottom of the pool, teams had to search the water park for a beach located near a lagoon
15.
Persian Gulf
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The Persian Gulf is a mediterranean sea in Western Asia. The body of water is an extension of the Indian Ocean through the Strait of Hormuz, the Shatt al-Arab river delta forms the northwest shoreline. The Persian Gulf was a battlefield of the 1980–1988 Iran–Iraq War and it is the namesake of the 1991 Gulf War, the largely air- and land-based conflict that followed Iraqs invasion of Kuwait. The gulf has many fishing grounds, extensive coral reefs, and abundant pearl oysters, the body of water is historically and internationally known as the Persian Gulf. Some Arab governments refer to it as the Arabian Gulf or The Gulf, the name Gulf of Iran is used by the International Hydrographic Organization. The Persian Gulf is geologically young, having been formed around 15,000 years ago. Its length is 989 kilometres, with Iran covering most of the northern coast, the Persian Gulf is about 56 km wide at its narrowest, in the Strait of Hormuz. The waters are very shallow, with a maximum depth of 90 metres. Various small islands lie within the Persian Gulf, some of which are the subject of territorial disputes between the states of the region. The International Hydrographic Organization defines the Persian Gulfs southern limit as The Northwestern limit of Gulf of Oman and this limit is defined as A line joining Ràs Limah on the coast of Arabia and Ràs al Kuh on the coast of Iran. The Persian Gulf and its areas are the worlds largest single source of crude oil. Safaniya Oil Field, the worlds largest offshore oilfield, is located in the Persian Gulf, large gas finds have also been made, with Qatar and Iran sharing a giant field across the territorial median line. Using this gas, Qatar has built up a substantial liquefied natural gas, the oil-rich countries that have a coastline on the Persian Gulf are referred to as the Persian Gulf States. In 550 BC, the Achaemenid Empire established the first ancient empire in Persis, consequently, in the Greek sources, the body of water that bordered this province came to be known as the Persian Gulf. In the travel account of Pythagoras, several chapters are related to description of his travels accompanied by the Achaemenid king Darius the Great, to Susa and Persepolis, and the area is described. This water channel separates the Iran Plateau from the Arabia Plate, has enjoyed an Iranian Identity since at least 2200 years ago. Before being given its present name, the Persian Gulf was called many different names, the classical Greek writers, like Herodotus, called it the Red Sea. In Babylonian texts, it was known as the sea above Akkad, the name of the gulf, historically and internationally known as the Persian Gulf after the land of Persia, has been disputed by some Arab countries since the 1960s
16.
Greenpeace
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Greenpeace is a non-governmental environmental organization with offices in over 40 countries and with an international coordinating body in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. It uses direct action, lobbying, research, and ecotage to achieve its goals, the global organization does not accept funding from governments, corporations, or political parties, relying on 2.9 million individual supporters and foundation grants. Greenpeace is known for its actions and has been described as the most visible environmental organization in the world. Greenpeace has raised environmental issues to public knowledge, and influenced both the private and the public sector, in the late 1960s, the U. S. had plans for an underground nuclear weapon test in the tectonically unstable island of Amchitka in Alaska. Because of the 1964 Alaska earthquake, the plans raised concerns of the test triggering earthquakes. A1969 demonstration of 7,000 people blocked a major U. S. –Canada border crossing in British Columbia and its Your Fault If Our Fault Goes. The protests did not stop the U. S. from detonating the bomb, while no earthquake or tsunami followed the test, the opposition grew when the U. S. announced they would detonate a bomb five times more powerful than the first one. Among the opposers were Jim Bohlen, a veteran who had served in the U. S. Navy, and Irving Stowe and Dorothy Stowe, as members of the Sierra Club Canada, they were frustrated by the lack of action by the organization. From Irving Stowe, Jim Bohlen learned of a form of resistance, bearing witness. Jim Bohlens wife Marie came up with the idea to sail to Amchitka, the idea ended up in the press and was linked to The Sierra Club. The Sierra Club did not like this connection and in 1970 The Dont Make a Wave Committee was established for the protest, early meetings were held in the Shaughnessy home of Robert Hunter and his wife Bobbi Hunter. Subsequently, the Stowe home at 2775 Courtenay Street became the headquarters, as Rex Weyler put it in his chronology, Greenpeace, in 1969, Irving and Dorothy Stowes quiet home on Courtenay Street would soon become a hub of monumental, global significance. Some of the first Greenpeace meetings were held there, the first office was opened in a backroom, storefront on Cypress and West Broadway SE corner in Kitsilano, Vancouver. Within half a year Greenpeace would move in to share the office space with The Society Promoting Environmental Conservation at 4th. Irving Stowe arranged a concert that took place on October 16,1970 at the Pacific Coliseum in Vancouver. The concert created the basis for the first Greenpeace campaign. Amchitka, the 1970 concert that launched Greenpeace was published by Greenpeace in November 2009 on CD and is available as an mp3 download via the Amchitka concert website. Using the money raised with the concert, the Dont Make a Wave Committee chartered a ship, the ship was renamed Greenpeace for the protest after a term coined by activist Bill Darnell
17.
Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
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Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, is the vice president and prime minister of the United Arab Emirates, and Emir of Dubai. Since his accession in 2006, after the death of his brother Sheikh Maktoum, he has undertaken reforms in the UAEs government, in 2010 he launched the UAE vision 2021 with the aim of making the UAE one of the best countries in the world by 2021. He is responsible for the growth of Dubai into a city, as well as the launch of a number of major enterprises including Emirates Airline, DP World. Many of these are held by Dubai Holding, a company with multi-diversified businesses and he also drove the construction of Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world. An equestrian, he is the founder of the Maktoum family-owned Godolphin racing stable and the owner of Darley, in 2012, he rode the horse Madji Du Pont 160 km to take the FEI World Endurance Championship. He is a poet in his native Arabic. His mother was Sheikha Latifa bint Hamdan al-Nahyan, daughter of Hamdan bin Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan, from the age of four, he was privately tutored in Arabic and Islamic Studies. In 1955, he began his education at Al Ahmedia School. At the age of 10, he moved to Al Shaab School, in 1966, with his cousin Mohammed bin Khalifa Al Maktoum, he attended the Bell Educational Trusts English Language School in the United Kingdom. He subsequently studied at the Mons Officer Cadet School in Aldershot and he also travelled to Italy to train as a pilot. When the new nation of the United Arab Emirates was founded on 2 December 1971, a period of uncertainty and instability followed the Union of the United Arab Emirates, including skirmishes between tribes over property straddling new borders. On 24 January 1972, the former ruler of the Emirate of Sharjah, Saqr bin Sultan Al Qasimi led an insurrectionist coup against the ruler. Sheikh Khalid had been killed in the action, leading to the accession of his brother Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi as ruler of Sharjah. In 1973, he was involved in protracted negotiations with the hijackers of JAL404, led by Japanese Red Army member Osamu Maruouka, which landed in Dubai after being hijacked as it departed Schiphol. With more than 50,000 employees in over 100 cities around the globe, the group has real estate, logistics and other investments in the United States, the United Kingdom. The companys investment group operating units include Dubai Group and Dubai International Capital and he was also behind the establishment of government-owned low cost carrier FlyDubai. Through the 1970s, as well as his role as head of Dubai Defence Force and UAE Minister of Defence, the launch budget of the airline was $10 million and its inaugural flight took place on 25 October 1985. Sheikh Mohammed made his uncle, Ahmed bin Saeed chairman of the new company, in 1991, Sheikh Mohammed merged the Jebel Ali Port and Free Zone and Port Rashid to form the Dubai Ports Authority
18.
Breakwater (structure)
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Breakwaters are structures constructed on coasts as part of coastal defense or to protect an anchorage from the effects of both weather and longshore drift. Breakwaters reduce the intensity of wave action in inshore waters and thereby reduce coastal erosion or provide safe harbourage, Breakwaters may also be small structures designed to protect a gently sloping beach and put one to three hundred thousand feet onshore in relatively shallow water. An anchorage is only safe if ships anchored there are protected from the force of high winds, natural harbours are formed by such barriers as headlands or reefs. Artificial harbours can be created with the help of breakwaters, mobile harbours, such as the D-Day Mulberry harbours, were floated into position and acted as breakwaters. Some natural harbours, such as those in Plymouth Sound, Portland Harbour, the dissipation of energy and relative calm water created in the lee of the breakwaters often encourage accretion of sediment. However, this can lead to excessive salient build up, resulting in tombolo formation and this trapping of sediment can cause adverse effects down-drift of the breakwaters, leading to beach sediment starvation and increased erosion. This may then lead to further engineering protection being needed down-drift of the breakwater development, Breakwaters are subject to damage, and overtopping in severe storms events. Breakwaters can be constructed with one end linked to the shore, length of gap is largely governed by the interacting wavelengths. Breakwaters may be fixed or floating, and impermeable or permeable to allow sediment transfer shoreward of the structures. They usually consist of pieces of rock weighing up to 16 tonnes each. Their design is influenced by the angle of approach and other environmental parameters. Breakwater construction can be parallel or perpendicular to the coast. Of these three, the angle at which the breakwater is built is most important in the formation of salients. The angle at which the breakwater is built determines the new direction of the waves, a breakwater structure is designed to absorb the energy of the waves that hit it, either by using mass, or by using a revetment slope. In coastal engineering, a revetment is a land backed structure whilst a breakwater is a sea backed structure, caisson breakwaters typically have vertical sides and are usually erected where it is desirable to berth one or more vessels on the inner face of the breakwater. They use the mass of the caisson and the fill within it to resist the forces applied by waves hitting them. They are relatively expensive to construct in shallow water, but in deeper sites they can offer a significant saving over revetment breakwaters, rubble mound breakwaters use structural voids to dissipate the wave energy. Rock or concrete armour units on the outside of the structure absorb most of the energy, the slopes of the revetment are typically between 1,1 and 1,2, depending upon the materials used
19.
World Wide Fund for Nature
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It was formerly named the World Wildlife Fund, which remains its official name in Canada and the United States. It is the worlds largest conservation organization with five million supporters worldwide, working in more than 100 countries, supporting around 1,300 conservation. WWF is a foundation, with 55% of funding from individuals and bequests, 19% from government sources, the groups mission is to stop the degradation of the planet’s natural environment and to build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature. Currently, much of its work concentrates on the conservation of three biomes that contain most of the biodiversity, oceans and coasts, forests. Among other issues, it is concerned with endangered species, sustainable production of commodities. The Conservation Foundation, a precursor to WWF, was founded in 1947 by Fairfield Osborn in New York City in support of capitalism-friendly ecological practices. The advisory council included leading scientists such as Charles Sutherland Elton, G Evelyn Hutchinson, Aldo Leopold, Carl Sauer, and Paul Sears. It supported much of the work cited by Rachel Carsons Silent Spring, including that of John L. George, Roger Hale, Robert Rudd. In 1990, the Conservation Foundation was merged into WWF, after becoming an affiliate of WWF in 1985, the organization now known as the Conservation Foundation in the United States is the former Forest Foundation of DuPage County. The idea for a fund on behalf of endangered animals was initially proposed by Victor Stolan to Sir Julian Huxley in response to articles he published in the British newspaper The Observer, nicholson thought up the name of the organization. WWF was conceived on 29 April 1961, under the name of World Wildlife Fund, godfrey A. Rockefeller also played an important role in its creation, assembling the first staff. For sending experts to danger spots and training, making it all possible that their needs are met before it is too late. WWF has set up offices and operations around the world, the organization also began to run its own conservation projects and campaigns, and by the 1980s started to take a more strategic approach to its conservation activities. In 1986, the changed its name to World Wide Fund for Nature. However, it continued at that time to operate under the name in the United States. We shant save all we should like to, but we shall save a great deal more than if we had never tried, – Sir Peter Scott In 1996, the organization obtained general consultative status from UNESCO. WWFs giant panda logo originated from a panda named Chi Chi that had transferred from Beijing Zoo to London Zoo in 1958. The logo was founded by Young in 1966, the organization also needed an animal that would have an impact in black and white printing
20.
Ecological footprint
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An ecological footprint is a measure of human impact on Earths ecosystems. Its typically measured in area of wilderness or amount of natural capital consumed each year, at a global scale, it is used to estimate how rapidly we are depleting natural capital. The Global Footprint Network calculates the global ecological footprint from UN and they estimate that as of 2007 our planet has been using natural capital 1.6 times as fast as nature can renew it. Ecological footprint analysis is used around the Earth as an indicator of environmental sustainability. Since 2006, a first set of ecological footprint standards exist that detail both communication and calculation procedures, Ecological footprints can be calculated at any scale, for an activity, a person, a community, a city, a region, a nation or humanity as a whole. Cities, due to concentration, have large ecological footprints and have become ground zero for footprint reduction. However, there has been some convergence of metrics and standards since 2006, City Ecological Footprints, are being measured. There are two types of measurements in use, the first measures ecosystem displacement which is defined as City Area minus remaining green spaces. This is a measurement that does not include human or other biological activity. The Second attempts to quantify surviving ecosystem health, specifically, it attempts to quantify both area and biological health of ecosystems surviving inside city areas such as nature reserves, parks, other green spaces. City footprints are being calculated and ranked with city ecological indexes, the first academic publication about ecological footprints was by William Rees in 1992. Originally, Wackernagel and Rees called the concept appropriated carrying capacity, to make the idea more accessible, Rees came up with the term ecological footprint, inspired by a computer technician who praised his new computers small footprint on the desk. In early 1996, Wackernagel and Rees published the book Our Ecological Footprint and this approach can also be applied to an activity such as the manufacturing of a product or driving of a car. Per capita ecological footprint, or ecological footprint analysis, is a means of comparing consumption and lifestyles, the tool can inform policy by examining to what extent a nation uses more than is available within its territory, or to what extent the nations lifestyle would be replicable worldwide. The footprint can also be a tool to educate people about carrying capacity and overconsumption. Ecological footprints may be used to argue that many current lifestyles are not sustainable, such a global comparison also clearly shows the inequalities of resource use on this planet at the beginning of the twenty-first century. In 2007, the biologically productive area per person worldwide was approximately 1.8 global hectares per capita. The U. S. footprint per capita was 9.0 gha, the WWF claims that the human footprint has exceeded the biocapacity of the planet by 20%
21.
Bathymetry
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Bathymetry is the study of underwater depth of lake or ocean floors. In other words, bathymetry is the equivalent to hypsometry or topography. The name comes from Greek βαθύς, deep, and μέτρον, Bathymetric maps may also use a Digital Terrain Model and artificial illumination techniques to illustrate the depths being portrayed. The global bathymetry is combined with topography data to yield a Global Relief Model. Paleobathymetry is the study of past underwater depths, originally, bathymetry involved the measurement of ocean depth through depth sounding. Early techniques used pre-measured heavy rope or cable lowered over a ships side and this technique measures the depth only a singular point at a time, and is therefore inefficient. It is also subject to movements of the ship and currents moving the line out of true and therefore is inaccurate. The amount of time it takes for the sound or light to travel through the water, bounce off the seafloor, lIDAR/LADAR surveys are usually conducted by airborne systems. Starting in the early 1930s, single-beam sounders were used to make bathymetry maps, today, multibeam echosounders are typically used, which use hundreds of very narrow adjacent beams arranged in a fan-like swath of typically 90 to 170 degrees across. The tightly packed array of narrow individual beams provides very high angular resolution, in general a wide swath, which is depth dependent, allows a boat to map more seafloor in less time than a single-beam echosounder by making fewer passes. The beams update many times per second, allowing faster boat speed while maintaining 100% coverage of the seafloor, attitude sensors allow for the correction of the boats roll and pitch on the ocean surface, and a gyrocompass provides accurate heading information to correct for vessel yaw. A boat-mounted Global Positioning System positions the soundings with respect to the surface of the earth, sound speed profiles of the water column correct for refraction or ray-bending of the sound waves owing to non-uniform water column characteristics such as temperature, conductivity, and pressure. A computer system processes all the data, correcting for all of the factors as well as for the angle of each individual beam. The resulting sounding measurements are processed either manually, semi-automatically or automatically to produce a map of the area. As of 2010 a number of different outputs are generated, including a sub-set of the measurements that satisfy some conditions or integrated Digital Terrain Models. Historically, selection of measurements was more common in hydrographic applications while DTM construction was used for engineering surveys, geology, flow modeling, 2003–2005, DTMs have become more accepted in hydrographic practice. Satellites are also used to measure bathymetry, satellite radar maps deep-sea topography by detecting the subtle variations in sea level caused by the gravitational pull of undersea mountains, ridges, and other masses. On average, sea level is higher over mountains and ridges than over abyssal plains, coastal bathymetry data is available from NOAAs National Geophysical Data Center, which is now merged into National Centers for Environmental Information
22.
Acoustic Doppler current profiler
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The term ADCP is a generic term for all acoustic current profilers although the abbreviation originates from an instrument series introduced by RD Instruments in the 1980s. The working frequencies range of ADCPs range from 38 kHz to several Megahertz, ADCPs contain piezoelectric transducers to transmit and receive sound signals. The traveling time of waves gives an estimate of the distance. The frequency shift of the echo is proportional to the velocity along the acoustic path. To measure 3D velocities, at least three beams are required, in rivers, only the 2D velocity is relevant and ADCPs typically have two beams. In recent years, more functionality has been added to ADCPs, an analog-to-digital converter and a digital signal processor are required to sample the returning signal in order to determine the Doppler shift. A temperature sensor is used to estimate the velocity at the instrument position using the seawater equation of state. This procedure assumes that the salinity has a constant value. Finally, the results are saved to memory or output online to an external display software. Three common methods are used to calculate the Doppler shift and thus the velocity along the acoustic beams. The first method uses a monochromatic transmit pulse and is referred to as incoherent or narrowband, the method is robust and provides good quality mean current profiles but has limited space-time resolution. When the transmit pulse consists of coded elements that are repeated and this method improves the space-time resolution by a factor of 5. Commercially, this method was protected by US patent 5615173 until 2011, the pulse-to-pulse coherent method relies on a sequence of transmit pulses where the echo from subsequent pulses are assumed not to interfere with each other. This method is applicable for very short profiling ranges but the corresponding improvement in space time resolution is of order 1000. Depending on the mounting, one can distinguish between side-looking, downward- and upward-looking ADCPs, a bottom-mounted ADCP can measure the speed and direction of currents at equal intervals all the way to the surface. Mounted sideways on a wall or bridge piling in rivers or canals, in very deep water they can be lowered on cables from the surface. The primary usage is for oceanography, the instruments can also be used in rivers and canals to continuously measure the discharge. Mounted on moorings within the column or directly at the seabed, water current
23.
Nakheel Properties
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The Chairman of Nakheel is Ali Rashid Ahmed Lootah. The CEO of Nakheel is Sanjay Manchanda, Nakheel has an iconic portfolio of innovative landmark projects in Dubai across the residential, retail, hospitality and leisure sectors. The retail profile also includes several neighbourhood community centres, on July 6,2011, Dubai World’s board of directors announced that Nakheels legal ownership would be transferred to the Government of Dubai upon completion of the companys financial restructuring. In the first quarter of 2017, Nakheel announced its highest annual net profits in the company’s history, Nakheel generated a net profit of AED955 million for the last quarter of 2016 – up 22 per cent on the AED781 million posted for the same period in 2015. Palm 360 is an iconic, twin-tower luxury hotel, apartment, soaring more than 220 metres above Palm Jumeirah, Palm 360 offers all-round, uninterrupted views of The Palm, the Persian Gulf and the Dubai skyline. The Palm Tower is a 52-storey,220 metre tall residential and hotel. St Regis hotel with 289 rooms occupying the first 18 floors and 502 luxury residences above, rooftop infinity pool, restaurant and viewing deck. Hotel guests will have access to the nearby, upcoming St Regis Beach Club. Part of Nakheel’s Palm West Beach complex, the St. Regis Beach Club will offer exclusive dining, leisure and this includes modern, fusion dining concepts new to the UAE, an infinity edge pool stretching almost 100 metres along the seafront, and a state-of-the-art gymnasium. Nakheel Mall is directly connected to The Palm Tower, with 350 shops, restaurants and entertainment outlets including Waitrose, the rooftop dining deck offers extensive views of Palm Jumeirah, the Persian Gulf and Dubai skyline. The Pointe is a new waterfront dining and retail complex under construction at the tip of Palm Jumeirah, the Pointe features 145 restaurants and shops and a 1.5 km promenade. Deira Islands, a spectacular mixed-use waterfront development, comprising four man-made islands is situated adjacent to Dubai’s Deira district, Deira Islands features the Deira Islands night Souk, the upcoming Deira Mall, Deira Towers and the Boulevard. The Palm Promenade is a beach, park, retail. The Palm Gateway is a residential, retail and beach club complex located at the entrance to Palm Jumeirah. 1,265 luxury homes across three buildings, to be constructed on top of the existing Palm Monorail terminal, which includes 14 levels of parking spaces. Apartments range from one to three bedrooms, Palm West Beach is a new beach destination for Palm residents and visitors, stretching 1.5 km along the western trunk of Palm Jumeirah. Palm west Beach features a park and promenade with retail kiosks, children’s play areas. The Boardwalk is a vibrant destination for fitness, leisure, shopping and dining, covering the entire 11 km length of Palm Jumeirah’s protective crescent
24.
Tourism in Dubai
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Tourism in Dubai is an important part of the Dubai governments strategy to maintain the flow of foreign cash into the emirate. Dubais lure for tourists is based mainly on shopping, but also on its possession of other ancient, in 2008 one Russian woman was put on trial for drinking juice in public during the month of Ramadan. Dubai has a modest dress code as part of its criminal law, sleeveless tops and short dresses may not be allowed at Dubai Mall, nonetheless they are tolerated and women would not be asked to change their clothing. Clothes are advised to be in appropriate lengths, expats and tourists are not allowed to consume alcohol in public, besides licensed venues or private homes. Apostasy is a punishable by death in the UAE. UAE incorporates hudud crimes of Sharia law into its Penal Code - apostasy being one of them, Tourist accommodation in Dubai is ubiquitous and relatively expensive, and all of the worlds major chains are present in the city. In early August 2013, plans for Dubais first underwater hotel, most capitals and other major cities have direct flights to Dubai. More than 120 airlines operate to and from Dubai International Airport to more than 260 destinations, Dubai is also the home base of Emirates Airline, the international airline of the UAE, which operates scheduled services to more than 100 destinations. In June 2009 Emirates airline designated a special handling area at departures and arrivals for passengers with special needs, DTCM has been promoting the Cruise Business since the start of the 21st century. Highways and main roads in Dubai and the United Arab Emirates are designated by an Emirate Route Number, speed limits are clearly displayed on road signs and are usually 60-80kph around town and 100-120kph elsewhere. Dubai ranked third in the best taxi services behind Tokyo and Singapore, a senior Dubai judge was quoted on February 11,2008, by the Dubai City News saying, These laws help discourage anyone from carrying or using drugs. Even if the quantity of drugs found on someone is 0.05 grams. The penalty is a minimum of four years, the message is clear — drugs will not be tolerated. A number of travelers have been held pending charge while Dubai authorities test their possessions, blood, a young Norwegian woman, Marte Dalelv, was sentenced to 16 months in jail for illicit sex outside marriage after she reported being raped in Dubai. It later emerged that the reason she was sentenced was because she admitted lying about the rape and she was pardoned before serving her sentence. See also Prosecution of Marte Dalelv, no special immunizations are required, but tourists are encouraged to purchase appropriate medical insurance before travelling. Government immunization programs have led to recognition by a travel magazine, as a latest addition to the established modern health care system, Dubai offers online health care contacts of virtually all medical doctors in Dubai. Dubai has been nicknamed the shopping capital of the Middle East, the city draws large numbers of shopping tourists from countries within the region and from as far as Eastern Europe, Africa and the Indian Subcontinent
25.
AMEinfo.com
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AMEinfo. com is a provider of online business information about the Middle East region. AMEinfo. com was initially Arabian Modern Equipment Est. incorporated in Abu Dhabi, February 1993 by Saif Al-Suwaidi, the first version of the AME Info CD-ROM database of 125,000 companies was developed and compiled late 1996 and sold some 10,000 copies. In mid-1996, Lars B. Nielsen joined the company as a shareholder, in 1997, sponsors including Royal Dutch Shell Middle East and UPS allowed the concept to expand, and the 1998 edition of AME Info reached a free circulation of more than 180,000 copies. Following the 1998 edition, more branded versions were produced for Royal Dutch Shell Middle East, Batelco, Orbit Television and Radio Network, in 1999 the company shifted from the CD-ROM platform to the Internet and added content such as company news and current events to the services. In November 2000 AME Info was awarded Best Commercial Services Site by Visa International, professional contributors across the region have joined the site with content columns including topics such as e-business, environment, education, defence and currency commentary among others. In May 2001 the company moved to Dubai Media City becoming AME Info FZ LLC and its content includes video and audio features, as well as streaming internet radio and business tools such as a currency converter. In May 2002 AME Info entered into a significant marketing tie-up with CNN International, under the agreement the two organizations would respectively promote each others services online and on air. AMEinfo. com was the first Middle East website to achieve certification from the Audit Bureau of Circulations, in July 2006, London-based EMAP Emap plc announced that Emap Communications, its business-to-business division, has acquired AME Info. AME was to form a part of Emap’s Middle East business which included MEED, the value of the deal was $29 million. According to the ABC audit figures published for March 2012, AMEinfo. com’s monthly unique browsers is now over 2.4 million, in June 2013 AME Info was acquired by MediaQuest together with sister site SME Info for an estimated US $1 million
26.
Mongabay
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Rhett Ayers Butler, the founder of the website, explains that mongabay originated from an anglicized spelling and pronunciation of Nosy Mangabe, an island off the coast of Madagascar. He goes on to note that it is best known as a preserve for the Aye-aye, in 2008 Mongabay was named one of the top fifteen environmental websites by Time. Mongabay. com is independent and unaffiliated with any organization, the site has been used as an information source by CNN, CBS, the Discovery Channel, NBC, UPI, Yahoo. and other such outlets. All of mongabay. coms content is free thanks to the 1.3 million unique visitors per month as of January 2008, in 2008 Butler said that the traffic brings the site $15,000 to $18,000 a month from AdSense. But the decline in advertising revenue across the media sector after the financial crisis. Mongabay. com publishes the Tropical Conservation Science, a peer-reviewed, open-access academic journal on the conservation of tropical forests, since its inception in 2008, it has four issues a year, in March, June, September, and December. On May 19,2012, Mongabay. com launched an Indonesian language affiliate at mongabay. co. id. Founded in 2012 by Rhett Ayers Butler, Mongabay. org was established as the arm of Mongabay. com. In 2014, Mongabay. coms news production was shifted under Mongabay. org, the Bay Area Tropical Forest Network, a social network in the San Francisco Bay Area, is an additional project under Mongabay. org. Mongabay. org depends on grants and donations for all of its revenue. Advertising revenue provides a source of additional income. Mongabay. org is a member of the Global Investigative Journalism Network, Mongabay. org was founded in 2012 by conservation journalist Rhett Ayers Butler. Butler established the non-profit due to his desire to expand the scope of Mongabays environmental science, the first project under Mongabay. org was Mongabay-Indonesia, an Indonesian-language environmental news service run by a team of journalists in Indonesia. Within a year of launch, Mongabay-Indonesia was the most widely read Indonesian-language environmental news service, by 2015, the site was drawing more than 500,000 unique visitors per month and had correspondents in more than 30 cities and towns across the archipelago. Butler applied the Mongabay-Indonesia model to Mongabays global operation in 2014, the network of paid English-language correspondents reached 50 by mid-2015. Mongabay. org also provides grants to journalists to help with travel. In 2008, Mongabay was named by Time magazine as one of the best green websites, Mongabay. org relies primary on grants and donations to fund its activities. Most grants come from organizations like the Ford Foundation and the John D
27.
Al Bastakiya
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Al Fahidi Historical Neighbourhood is a historic district in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The construction of Al Fahidi Historical Neighborhood dates back to the 1890s, in its prime, the locality was capable of supporting 60 housing units, most of which were separated by narrow, winding lanes. In the 1980s half of the Al Fahidi Historical Neighborhood village was destroyed to make way for the development of a new office complex, the remaining houses were mostly used as warehouses or accommodation for foreign laborers. In 1989 Dubai Municipality directed that the parts of Al Fahidi Historical Neighborhood were to be demolished. Rayner Otter, a British architect, came to the area, Rayner started a campaign to preserve the area, and wrote a letter to Prince Charles who was scheduled to visit Dubai that year. On his arrival Prince Charles asked to visit Al Fahidi Historical Neighborhood, during his visit Prince suggested that Al Fahidi Historical Neighborhood should be preserved and the demolition of Al Fahidi Historical Neighborhood was canceled. In 2005 a project was initiated by Dubai Municipality to restore the locality’s of old buildings, Al Fahidi Historical Neighborhood Dubai A Complete Review with Video and Audio of. Passive Cooling in the UAE An article on lessons learned from Bastakiya houses
28.
Dubai Museum
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Dubai Museum is the main museum in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It is located in the Al Fahidi Fort, built in 1787 and is the oldest existing building in Dubai, the museum was opened by the ruler of Dubai in 1971, with the aim of presenting the traditional way of life in the Emirate of Dubai. When entering, one can see the fort constructed and the displays that go along with it. From the fort, there is a path to the galleries and it includes local antiquities as well as artifacts from African and Asian countries that traded with Dubai. It also includes several dioramas showing life in the emirate before the advent of oil, in 2007, Dubai Museum welcomed 1,800 visitors daily, with a yearly total of 611,840. In March 2008, the Museum had 80,000 visitors, the most popular times are from August to April. The Museum received over 1 Million Visitors in the year 2013, Al Fahidi Fort was built in several phases. The oldest tower was built around 1787 and is believed to be the oldest building in Dubai that still exists today, the fort was used to guard the landward approaches to the town from the raids of neighbouring tribes. It has also served, at times throughout history as the rulers palace, a garrison. Al Fahidi Fort is square-shaped with towers occupying three of its corners and it was built of coral rock and mortar in several phases. Just off the southern wall lie the remains of the city walls, next to them stands a tall dhow in the middle of a large courtyard that covers the underground galleries. Two cannons guard the gate to the fort on the eastern wall, adorned by flags of Dubai. Internal halls line three of the fort walls, one hall is at the main gate and houses the ticket office, while the others contain a collection of old weapons and arms from different historical periods along with a model of the city in 1820 AD. Traditional musical instruments are displayed next to a video of folkloric music. The halls surround a central courtyard, here you will find a bronze cannon with cannonballs, a well, and various types of boats. In the corner stands a traditional summer house called Arish, the Arish is made entirely from weaved palm fronds. It comprises seating and sleeping areas as well as a kitchen, filled with household furnishings, the Arish features the distinct wind tower design, used for air conditioning in the pre-electricity days. Entrance to the galleries is located at the tower on the corner of the fort
29.
Burj Al Arab
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The Burj al-Arab is a luxury hotel located in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It is the third tallest hotel in the world, however, Burj Al Arab stands on an artificial island 280 m from Jumeirah beach and is connected to the mainland by a private curving bridge. The shape of the structure is designed to mimic the sail of a ship and it has a helipad near the roof at a height of 210 m above ground. The beachfront area where Burj Al Arab and Jumeirah Beach Hotel are located was previously called Chicago Beach, the hotel is located on an island of reclaimed land 280 meters offshore of the beach of the former Chicago Beach Hotel. The locales name had its origins in the Chicago Bridge & Iron Company which at one time welded giant floating oil storage tanks, the old name persisted after the old Hotel was demolished in 1997. Dubai Chicago Beach Hotel remained as the Public Project Name for the phase of Burj Al Arab Hotel until Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum announced the new name. Burj Al Arab was designed by multidisciplinary consultancy Atkins, led by architect Tom Wright, the design and construction were managed by Canadian engineer Rick Gregory also of WS Atkins. Construction of the Island began in 1994 and involved up to 2,000 construction workers during peak construction and it was built to resemble the billowing spinnaker sail of a J-class yacht. Two wings spread in a V to form a vast mast and it needed to be a building that would become synonymous with the name of the country. Fletcher Construction from New Zealand was the joint venture partner in the initial stages of pre-construction and construction. The hotel was built by South African construction contractor Murray & Roberts, the building opened in December 1999. Several features of the required complex engineering feats to achieve. The hotel rests on an artificial island constructed 280 m offshore, to secure a foundation, the builders drove 230 forty-meter-long concrete piles into the sand. Engineers created a layer of large rocks, which is circled with a concrete honeycomb pattern. It took three years to reclaim the land from the sea, while it took fewer than three years to construct the building itself, the building contains over 70,000 m3 of concrete and 9,000 tons of steel. Inside the building, the atrium is 180 m tall, Burj Al Arab is the worlds third tallest hotel. The structure of the Rose Rayhaan, also in Dubai, is 11 m taller than Burj Al Arab, the hotel is managed by the Jumeirah Group. Despite its size, Burj Al Arab holds only 28 double-story floors which accommodate 202 bedroom suites, the smallest suite occupies an area of 169 m2, the largest covers 780 m2
30.
Burj Khalifa
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The Burj Khalifa, known as the Burj Dubai before its inauguration, is a megatall skyscraper in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It has a height of 828 m, and with its antenna included, it stands a total height of 829.8 m, making it the tallest building. Construction of the Burj Khalifa began in 2004, with the exterior completed 5 years later in 2009, the primary structure is reinforced concrete. The building was opened in 2010 as part of a new development called Downtown Dubai and it is designed to be the centrepiece of large-scale, mixed-use development. The decision to build the building is based on the governments decision to diversify from an oil-based economy. The building was named in honour of the ruler of Abu Dhabi and president of the United Arab Emirates, Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Abu Dhabi, the building broke numerous height records, including its designation as the tallest tower in the world. Burj Khalifa was designed by Adrian Smith, then of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, whose firm designed the Willis Tower, Hyder Consulting was chosen to be the supervising engineer with NORR Group Consultants International Limited chosen to supervise the architecture of the project. The design is derived from the Islamic architecture of the region, the Y-shaped tripartite floor geometry is designed to optimize residential and hotel space. A buttressed central core and wings are used to support the height of the building, although this design was derived from Tower Palace III, the Burj Khalifa’s central core houses all vertical transportation with the exception of egress stairs within each of the wings. The structure also features a system which is designed to withstand Dubais hot summer temperatures. It contains a total of 57 elevators and 8 escalators, critical reception to Burj Khalifa has been generally positive, and the building has received many awards. However, the issues during construction were controversial, since the building was built primarily by migrant workers from South Asia with several allegations of mistreatment. Poor working conditions are common, as the result of the lack of minimum wage laws in the United Arab Emirates, several instances of suicides have been reported, which is not uncommon for migrant construction workers in Dubai despite safety precautions in place. Construction began on 6 January 2004, with the exterior of the completed on 1 October 2009. The building officially opened on 4 January 2010, and is part of the new 2 km2 development called Downtown Dubai at the First Interchange along Sheikh Zayed Road, near Dubais main business district. The towers architecture and engineering were performed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill of Chicago, with Adrian Smith as chief architect, the primary contractor was Samsung C&T of South Korea. The towers construction was done by the division of Al Ghurair Investment group. The decision to build Burj Khalifa is reportedly based on the decision to diversify from an oil-based economy to one that is service
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Deira Clocktower
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Deira Clocktower, originally referred to as the Dubai Clocktower, is a roundabout in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The Clocktower is located in eastern Dubai in Deira, at the intersection of Umm Hurrair Road, Dubai Clocktower was designed by Architect Ziki Homsi, a partner at Architecture Design Construction Office. Also ADC was the builder of the clocktower in 1965, the Clocktower was erected as a symbol of Dubai and located in Deira because major routes into Dubai converged prior to the building of Dubai - Abu Dhabi Road. The Deira Clock Tower can be reached by Dubai Metro, the nearest metro station is Al-Rigga on Red Line. The area around Deira clock tower is very important commercially, the Telegraph newspaper listed Dubai Clock Tower among the 17 most beautiful clock towers around the world
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Dubai Autodrome
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The Dubai Autodrome is an FIA sanctioned 5.39 km motorsports circuit located in Dubailand, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The venue hosted the December 2005 A1 Grand Prix and the FIA GT Championship from 2004 to 2006, the track record at the longest configuration was set by Kamui Kobayashi with a time of 1,41.220 in a GP2 Asia car. The architects of the project were Populous and the circuit was designed by Clive Bowen of Apex Circuit Design, since 2006 the Autodrome has been home to the Dubai 24 Hour, a GT, sports car and touring car automobile endurance race open to both professional and semi-professional teams. The circuit has FIA Grade 1 license, some of the world’s most famous drivers have driven competitively or visited the circuit including Formula One champions Michael Schumacher, Kimi Raikkonen, and Jenson Button. Dubai Autodrome has deliberately positioned itself as the home of UAE national motorsport, the goal to develop and promote UAE motor racing at national level. Through the DAMC the venue has hosted races for, UAE Touring Car Championship, UAE GT Championship, NGK Racing Series, UAE Clio Cup and UAE Sportbikes Championship. Other local and regional race series that have visited the circuit include, Trofeu Maserati, Radical Cup, Porsche Cup Middle East, Suzuki Swift Cup and Formula Gulf 1000. The Hankook 24 Hour of Dubai endurance race has become a mainstay of the motorsport calendar and is the first major road racing event on the global calendar of any given year. Hosted at Dubai Autodrome the round attracts teams and drivers including a number of teams, the Kartdrome - which is part of the Autodrome complex - is an international standard karting track situated across the boulevard from the Dubai Autodrome main straight. The Kartdrome has in the past hosted rounds of the Biland World Finals, the digital surveillance system provides complete coverage of all areas of the track and is linked to the Race/Safety control room for monitoring and saving on hard disk recorders. This means that every incident along the track during a race or event can be viewed by the clerk of the course, most facilities are housed in a two-storey ultra modern complex facing the grandstand. These facilities include Pit Complex, Race/Safety Control Room, Timekeeping Room, Media Centre, VIP Suite, a Medical Centre is situated behind the Pit area for track emergencies during major events. At the rear of the Pits is a traditional racing paddock for team staff and hospitality. These are the courses with access to the pit area, Official site Dubai 24 Hour Official site
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Dubai Dolphinarium
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It is located in the creek side park at Bur Dubai near the Childrens City. It was also reflected that interacting with such friendly mammals like dolphins will motivate young generation to protect marine life, Dubai Dolphinarium is a 5, 000-square-meter modern marine facility with around 1250 seating capacity. The Dolphins have their own private habitat area with 600 cubic metres of sea water connected to the main arena pool, there is a separate medical pool and seal pool constructed considering well being of these marine mammals. Dubai Dolphinarium is home to five black sea bottlenose dolphins, Senya, Ksyusha, Fekla, Tetka and Jerry and four Northern fur seals, Ghosha, Max, Fila and Lusha. These dolphins and seals were reportedly bought from a country belonging to the Commonwealth of Independent States, various activities like kids summer camp and Dubai Summer Surprises are held at the Dubai Dolphinarium every year during summer holidays. Dubai Dolphinarium in association with Dubai Municipality organized an Autism Awareness Day from various autism care centres, Dubai Dolphinarium welcomed its one millionth visitor during March,2012 and various promotional activities were featured during this period. This establishment is managed by a staff of 60 including mammal trainers, Dubai Dolphinarium had come under criticism from various animal welfare campaigners in the beginning saying, it would lead to suffering and high dolphin mortality. They have also asserted that the performance of the dolphins in the shows for such a period is a clear indication of their welfare since unhappy dolphins will let you know they are unhappy
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The Dubai Fountain
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It was designed by WET Design, the California-based company responsible for the fountains at the Bellagio Hotel Lake in Las Vegas. Illuminated by 6,600 lights and 25 colored projectors, it is 275 m long and shoots water up to 500 ft into the air accompanied by a range of classical to contemporary Arabic and it was built at a cost of AED800 million. The name of the fountain was chosen after a contest organized by the developer Emaar Properties, testing of the fountain began in February 2009, and the fountain was officially inaugurated on 8 May 2009 along with the official opening ceremony of The Dubai Mall. On 2 January 2010 the length of Dubai fountains was increased to 275 m, the Dubai Fountain can spray 22,000 gallons of water in the air at any moment. More than 6,600 lights and 25 colour projectors have been installed, during the end of 2010 the fountain had got a new element, fire, which outlined the fountains. The Dubai Fountains project water in the air in different combinations and patterns. The beam of light from the fountain can be seen from over 20 miles away and these shooters create a loud boom noise after water is ejected. The extreme shooters are used the least during each show because it takes a lot of time to build up enough pressure, the fountain is animated with performances set to light and music. It is visible from every point on the promenade and from many neighboring structures. Performances take place at 1,00 pm and at 1,30 pm as well as every 30 minutes from 6 pm to 10 pm on weekdays, and from 6 pm to 11 pm on weekends. It was choreographed to a reworked version of the Motown classic Aint No Mountain High Enough. All of the performances are accompanied by music played through speakers around the lake. When performances are viewed from further away, i. e. from surrounding buildings, downtown Dubai Fountains of Bellagio Burj Khalifa Musical fountain Aquanura How to make a dancing fountain The Dubai Fountain on The Dubai mall website
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Dubai Gold Souk
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Dubai Gold Souk or Gold Souk, is a traditional market in Dubai, uaeU. The souk is located in the heart of Dubais commercial business district in Deira, the souk consists of over 300 retailers that trade almost exclusively in jewellery. Retailers in the souk include both well established stores like Damas, ARY Jewellery, Shyam Jewellery and Joy Alukkas as well as smaller stores that operate mainly in the gold souk. Dubai Gold Souk can also be reached by taking the Dubai Metro to Al Ghubaiba, the Dubai Gold Souk is 5 minutes walk from the Old Souk marine station
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The Dubai Mall
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The Dubai Mall is a shopping mall in Dubai and the largest mall in the world by total area. It is the nineteenth largest shopping mall in the world by gross leasable area, located in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, it is part of the 20-billion-dollar Downtown complex, and includes 1,200 shops. In 2011 it was the most visited building on the planet, access to the mall is provided via Doha Street, rebuilt as a double-decker road in April 2009. Twice delayed, Dubai Mall opened on 4th November 2008, with about 1000 retailers, the Dubai Mall recorded 61,000 tickets sold for the Dubai Aquarium and Discovery Centre in the first five days, following its opening. The Dubai Mall hosted over 37 million visitors in 2009, in 2010 it hosted 47 million, and saw footfall increase by around 27 percent over 2009, despite the economic crisis. It attracted more visitors than New York City with over 52 million tourists in 2012, the numbers also surpass visitor arrivals to all landmark leisure destinations and theme parks in the world including Times Square, Central Park, and Niagara Falls. Over 13 million square foot, the Dubai Mall has an internal floor area of 5.9 million square feet and leasable space of 3.77 million square feet. It also has a 250-room luxury hotel,22 cinema screens plus 120 restaurants, the Mall has over 14,000 parking spaces across 3 car parks, with valet services and a car locator ticketing system. The Dubai Aquarium & Underwater Zoo was designed by Peddle Thorp and is managed by Emaar Entertainment, the aquarium, located in The Dubai Mall, showcases more than 300 species of marine animals, including sharks and rays. SEGA Republic, a 76,000 sq ft indoor park, was opened on 21 August 2009 where visitors can enjoy over 150 amusement games. It is a park that is dedicated to SEGAs video game icon Sonic the Hedgehog. The 76,000 sq ft indoor park features 15 rides and an array of amusement games, including motion simulators, classic games, skill games. Recent additions to Sega Republic rides include Xyclone, Robotnik and Rope Rush, the park includes ‘Lazeraze’, a laser maze, as well as ‘Racer’ Bumper Cars. It also features a play area for smaller children. Reel Cinemas is a 22-screen cinema, also managed by Emaar Entertainment, one of the largest theaters in the region, the megaplex features four cinema suites and 17 commercial halls, including the first THX-certified cinema in Dubai. The Dubai Mall is home to one of the newest Rainforest Cafe locations, having opened in 2009, it faces the aquarium and is made to emulate tropical ruins with moving ruins and light shows, which are only found at this location. KidZania is an interactive children’s sized edutainment theme park that encourages education through play and it offers youngsters the opportunity to experience adult life through role play in a child-sized city. The Dubai Mall contains more than 1,200 shops, in October 2009 it was reported that the worlds largest candy store had opened in Dubai Mall
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Dubai Miracle Garden
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The Dubai Miracle Garden is a flower garden located in the district of Dubailand, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The garden was launched on valentines day in 2013, the garden spread over 72,000 square meters making it the worlds largest natural flower garden featuring over 109 million flowers planted. In April 2015, the garden was awarded the Moselle Award for New Garden Experiences of the year by the Garden Tourism Award 2015, the conception of the first miracle garden project was formed under the agreement between Dubailand and the Dubai Properties Group destination. The project development was done under the agreement with Akar Landscaping, the cost of the project was an estimate of AED40 million. The development of phase one took 2 months and 400 workers, phase two development also included the addition of the floral clock, the butterfly garden, retail stores and mosques. The Dubai Miracle Garden operate from October to April and remains closed from June to September due to high temperatures with the average of 40 °C where it not conductive for flower gazing. The flowers are maintained by re-use of waste water through drip irrigation method with an amount of 757,082 litres of water per day. Dubai Miracle Garden Pictures Dubai Miracle Garden Photo Gallery
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Dubai Opera
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Dubai Opera is a 1901-seat, multi-format, performing arts centre, which is located within The Opera District in Downtown Dubai. It was developed by Emaar Properties to host a variety of performances and events including theatre, opera, ballet, concerts, conferences and its plans were announced by Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum in March 2012 and it was completed in 2016. It opened on 31 August 2016 with a performance by Placido Domingo, Dubai Opera is part of The Opera District within Downtown Dubai. The 1901-seat performing arts centre was designed by Janus Rostock of Atkins, the theatre was conceived and briefed by Theatre Projects Consultants, it can be converted into a traditional theatre, concert hall, banquet hall or exhibition space. Using hydraulic lifts and seating wagons to relocate 900 of the 2,000 seats, in January 2015, Emaar named Jasper Hope as the Chief Executive of Dubai Opera. Hope was the COO of Londons Royal Albert Hall, consolidated Contractors Company was the main contractor for the development, having worked with Emaar in building The Dubai Mall. An earlier proposal to build a centre on an island in the Dubai Creek designed by architect Zaha Hadid was announced in 2008. The Opera District was launched by Emaar Properties in Downtown Dubai in 2013, aside from Dubai Opera, the district, which faces Burj Khalifa and The Dubai Fountain, includes art galleries, museums, design studios, and other cultural venues. The area includes several hotels, a plaza, recreational spaces. Dubai has more than 50 art galleries and hosts events such as Design Days Dubai, Art Dubai. Art in Dubai Emaar Properties Downtown Dubai
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Dubai Spice Souk
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Dubai Spice Souk or the Old Souk is a traditional market in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The Spice Souk is located in eastern Dubai, in Deira and is adjacent to the Dubai Gold Souk, the Spice Souk, situated on Baniyas Street, is in the locality of Al Ras. The souk comprises several narrow lanes which are lined with open, stores in the Spice Souk sell a variety of fragrances and spices from frankincense and shisha to the many herbs used in Arabic and South Asian food. In addition, several household, textiles, incense, rugs, a majority of the trading occurs through haggling. Video of the Spice Souk on YouTube Deira Spice Souk on lonely planet
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Dubai World Trade Centre
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The Dubai World Trade Centre, was inaugurated in 1979. It is a complex for events and exhibitions. The building is featured on the 100 Dirham bank note, with over 1.3 million square feet of covered exhibition and event space, comprising 21 halls and over 40 meeting rooms across 3 floors, Dubai World Trade Centre hosts over 500 events annually. In 2015, the venue held 396 trade events and welcomed over 2.74 million visitors, built in 1979, the Sheikh Rashid Tower, as it was known back then, was amongst the earliest skyscrapers to be constructed in Dubai. Renamed after the late Sheikh Rashid Bin Saeed Al Maktoum, the 39-storey Sheikh Rashid Tower no longer alone as it did when it was first built. In addition, commercial building have also added including the Convention Tower. Dubai World Trade Centre has grown and added several business divisions to its overall portfolio
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Emirates Towers
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The Emirates Towers is a building complex in Dubai that contains the Emirates Office Tower and Jumeirah Emirates Towers Hotel. The two towers, which rise to 355 m and 309 m, respectively, stand as the 42nd, the two towers are connected by a 9,000 m² two-storey retail complex known as The Boulevard. The Emirates Towers complex is located on the Sheikh Zayed Road in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, the Emirates Towers was constructed by the construction wing of Al Ghurair Investment group. A curiosity of the design is that the towers have a number of floors. This is because the floor heights of the office tower are greater than that of the hotel. The Emirates Towers complex is set in over 570,000 m² of gardens, with lakes, waterfalls, there is parking space for up to 1,800 cars. Emirates Tower One on CTBUH Skyscraper Center Emirates Tower Two on CTBUH Skyscraper Center
