The Pannonian Avars were an alliance of several groups of Eurasian nomads of unknown origins. They are best known for their invasions and destruction in the Avar–Byzantine wars from 568 to 626; the name Pannonian Avars is used to distinguish them from the Avars of the Caucasus, a separate people with whom the Pannonian Avars might or might not have had links. They established the Avar Khaganate, which spanned the Pannonian Basin and considerable areas of Central and Eastern Europe from the late 6th to the early 9th century. Although the name Avar first appeared in the mid-5th century, the Pannonian Avars entered the historical scene in the mid-6th century, on the Pontic-Caspian steppe as a people who wished to escape the rule of the Göktürks; the earliest clear reference to the Avar ethnonym comes from Priscus the Rhetor. Priscus recounts c. 463, the Šaragurs and Ogurs were attacked by the Sabirs, attacked by the Avars. In turn, the Avars had been driven off by people fleeing "man-eating griffins" coming from "the ocean".

Whilst Priscus' accounts provide some information about the ethno-political situation in the Don-Kuban-Volga region after the demise of the Huns, no unequivocal conclusions can be reached. Denis Sinor has argued that whoever the "Avars" referred to by Priscus were, they differed from the Avars who appear a century during the time of Justinian; the next author to discuss the Avars, Menander Protector, appeared during the 6th century, wrote of Göktürk embassies to Constantinople in 565 and 568 AD. The Turks appeared angry at the Byzantines for having made an alliance with the Avars, whom the Turks saw as their subjects and slaves. Turxanthos, a Turk prince, calls the Avars "Varchonites" and "escaped slaves of the Turks", who numbered "about 20 thousand". Many more, but somewhat confusing, details come from Theophylact Simocatta, who wrote c. 629, describing the final two decades of the 6th century. In particular, he claims to quote a triumph letter from the Turk lord Tamgan: For this Chagan had in fact outfought the leader of the nation of the Abdeli, conquered him, assumed the rule of the nation.

He... enslaved the Avar nation. But let no one think that we are distorting the history of these times because he supposes that the Avars are those barbarians neighbouring on Europe and Pannonia, that their arrival was prior to the times of the emperor Maurice. For it is by a misnomer. So, when the Avars had been defeated some of them made their escape to those. Taugast is a famous city, a total of one thousand five hundred miles distant from those who are called Turks.... Others of the Avars, who declined to humbler fortune because of their defeat, came to those who are called Mucri; these make their habitations in the east, by the course of the river Til, which Turks are accustomed to call Melas. The earliest leaders of this nation were named Chunni. While the emperor Justinian was in possession of the royal power, a small section of these Var and Chunni fled from that ancestral tribe and settled in Europe; these named themselves glorified their leader with the appellation of Chagan. Let us declare, without departing in the least from the truth, how the means of changing their name came to them....

When the Barsils, Onogurs and other Hun nations in addition to these, saw that a section of those who were still Var and Chunni had fled to their regions, they plunged into extreme panic, since they suspected that the settlers were Avars. For this reason they honoured the fugitives with splendid gifts and supposed that they received from them security in exchange. After the Var and Chunni saw the well-omened beginning to their flight, they appropriated the ambassadors' error and named themselves Avars: for among the Scythian nations that of the Avars is said to be the most adept tribe. In point of fact up to our present times the Pseudo-Avars are divided in their ancestry, some bearing the time-honoured name of Var while others are called Chunni.... According to the interpretation of Dobrovits and Nechaeva, the Turks insisted that the Avars were only "pseudo-Avars", so as to boast that they were the only formidable power in the Eurasian steppe; the Gokturks claimed. Furthermore, Dobrovits has questioned the authenticity of Theophylact's account.

As such, he has argued that Theophylact borrowed information from Menander's accounts of Byzantine-Turk negotiations to meet political needs of his time – i.e. to castigate and deride the Avars during a time of strained political relations between the Byzantines and Avars. According to some scholars the Pannonian Avars originated from a confederation formed in the Aral Sea region, by the Uar known as the Var or Warr (who were a U

The Saginaw News is a newspaper publication based in Saginaw, owned by Booth Newspapers, a division of Advance Publications. Published on Thursdays and Sundays, the paper has 30,000 readers each day, it celebrated its 150th year in 2009. The Saginaw News is the sister publication of the neighboring Bay City Times and Flint Journal, all owned by Booth Newspapers; the paper was published seven days a week until June 1, 2009, when the News and its sister papers, The Bay City Times and The Flint Journal, reduced publishing to three times a week—Thursday and Sunday, while increasing their web presence. In addition, The Saginaw News began to be published at the Booth-owned Valley Publishing Co. printing plant in Monitor Township, near Bay City. On March 30, 2010, The Saginaw News and The Bay City Times launched a joint Tuesday print edition, Great Lakes Bay Edition, available at selected locations in Saginaw and Midland Counties; the Saginaw News is headed up by President Dan Gaydou. Local coverage for The Saginaw News is directed by Editor Jodi McFarland.

Reporters and their coverage beats are City Hall. Saginaw Daily Courier The Saginaw News at mlive.com

The EAV was an Austrian band, formed in 1977 and disbanded in 2019. Nino Holm first established a band called "Anti-Pasta", but it was not successful and it dissolved after three years. Holm decided together with his friend Thomas Spitzer to create a new band. While they were undecided on a name, they saw a bus stop in a branch of "Erste Allgemeine Versicherung", abbreviated EAV, so they came to the name "Erste Allgemeine Verunsicherung-EAV", they faced legal difficulty in Austria due to the similarity of their band name to that of the corporation "Erste Allgemeine Versicherung". This was dropped and the insurance company was known to sponsor them on a few occasions; the EAV changed their members. Their members as of today are Klaus Eberhartinger, Thomas Spitzer, Kurt Keinrath, Franz Kreimer, Alvis Reid and Aaron Thier; the stage shows are known for lavishness in both backdrop and costumes, the latter selected and changed for specific songs that are acted out by either the vocalist or other members.

Despite the band's failed attempt to gain international fame, they still remain quite popular in Germany and Austria. Their songs are anti social and weird in nature, but the lyrics contain hints of social criticism as well. For example, "Cinderella" is one of their "fun" songs, in which they tell the tale of Cinderella in a funny way: "Sie schlief im Kohlenkeller, trotzdem war sie bettelarm, weil sie von der vielen Kohle, die da lag, zu wenig nahm"; the word "Kohle" is a colloquial word for money in German. More critical lyrics can be seen in the song "Burli", which tells the story of a boy born shortly after the Chernobyl accident in an exaggerated and humorous way: "Herr Anton hat ein Häuschen mit einem Gartenzwerg und davor, da steht ein Kernkraftwerk. Da gab es eines Tages eine kleine Havarie, die Tomaten war'n so groß wie nie…". Both "Burli" and the song "Afrika" led radio stations to boycott the band; the band is known for open statements against political extremism on the right and was sued by prominent politicians of the political right like Kurt Waldheim for drawing attention to his past in the 3rd Reich and Jörg Haider, then-head of the right-leaning FPÖ.

Songs on this topic include e.g. "Eierkopf-Rudi" or "Wir marschieren". In February 1981, group member Walter Hammerl committed suicide by hanging, he had attempted suicide before. He was a close friend of Klaus Eberhartinger. Bandmate Thomas Spitzer commented that it was worrying how the band got on and felt so close to Walter Hammerl, but without knowing him. Hammerl had done managing and stage directing work for the band, however he did sing on a few tracks. In May 2012, former group member Andy Töfferl died of a heart attack at the age of 56 years. In July 2017, former singer Wilfried Scheutz died after a short battle with cancer at the age of 67 years. 1978: 1. Allgemeine Verunsicherung 1981: Café Passé 1983: Spitalo Fatalo 1984: À la Carte 1985: Geld oder Leben! 1987: Liebe, Tod & Teufel 1990: Neppomuk's Rache 1991: Watumba! 1994: Nie wieder Kunst 1997: Im Himmel ist die Hölle los! 1998: Himbeerland 2000: Austropop in Tot-Weiß-Tot 2003: Frauenluder 2007: Amore XL 2010: Neue Helden braucht das Land 2015: Werwolf-Attacke!

2016: Was haben wir Gelacht 2018: Alles ist erlaubt www.eav.at: Official Homepage of Erste Allgemeinen Verunsicherung and the EAV-Fanclub EAV-Fanpage about the early years of the band Unofficial fan site EAV discography at MusicBrainz

"Little Minnesota" is the 11th episode in the fourth season of the television series How I Met Your Mother and 75th overall. It aired on December 15, 2008. Robin enters MacLaren's wearing an unseasonal T-shirt and explains to Ted that the cold weather doesn't affect her because she's from Canada. Marshall agrees and compares New York City in winter to a spring day in Minnesota, except for all the taxis and non-white people; when Robin expresses homesickness, Marshall takes her to the Walleye Saloon, a Minnesota-themed bar that he goes to when he misses his family. She likes it so much that she ends up pretending to be from Bemidji, Minnesota to befriend the bar patrons, much to Marshall's frustration, his frustration grows when she claims his story about the 1999 NFC Championship Game as her own and boils over after she beats his high score on the Fisherman's Quest video game, at which point he unmasks Robin as a Canadian. Before storming out, Robin goes on a tirade on how great Canada is on a personal level, bringing up the great things Canada introduced that Americans take for granted, admits she wishes she was there right now.

Marshall apologizes to Robin and reassures her that despite her lack of job or boyfriend, she still belongs in New York with her friends. To help ease her Christmas homesickness he takes her to a Canadian-themed bar, the Hoser Hut, capped off with a crowd-pleasing karaoke rendition of Robin's teenage hit "Let's Go to the Mall", much to her embarrassment. Meanwhile, Ted reveals that his sister Heather has arrived in New York and is planning to move there. According to Ted, Heather is irresponsible, citing examples such as the time she sold his possessions to buy tickets and travel to a Nine Inch Nails concert in Spain, he doubts that she will actually move there. Additionally, Ted has prevented Barney from meeting Heather each time she has visited, fearing that Barney would try to hook up with her. However, his attempt to prevent their meeting again is foiled when Barney is found waiting for the group at the apartment after Lily, being unable to keep secrets, accidentally tipped him off that Ted was planning to bring Heather there.

Barney is hurt that Ted tried to keep him away from Heather and explains that he never intended to act on all the inappropriate jokes he made. Ted explains that he does not trust Heather or Barney, though he relents and invites Barney to dinner with them on Sunday. Over dinner and Ted discuss her decision to move to New York to work in finance and she asks him to co-sign the lease of an apartment she found. However, his lack of faith in her proves an obstacle. Frustrated with Ted's insensitivity and Barney stage a fake sexual encounter after their interview at Goliath National Bank and ensure that Lily walks in on them, knowing that she won't be able to keep it a secret from Ted. Heather and Barney persist in taunting Ted until he confronts them at MacLaren's, claiming that Heather has never taken responsibility for herself. Barney explains the plan to the surprised Ted and Lily, at the same time revealing that he kissed Ted's mother. Heather storms out denouncing Ted for refusing to accept that she has grown up.

Ted makes up with Heather and co-signs her lease, telling her he wants to get to know the new her. Donna Bowman of The A. V. Club rated the episode with a grade B−. Michelle Zoromski of IGN gave the episode 9.8 out of 10. "Little Minnesota" on IMDb "Little Minnesota" at TV.com

Osian’s-Connoisseurs of Art Private Limited was a fund started in Mumbai in 2007 by Neville Tuli. It was closed down in 2010 upon orders from the Securities and Exchange Board of India, SEBIname="forbes">Narayanan, Dinesh. "Osian's Art Fund: The Broken Paddle". Forbes. Retrieved 1 November 2016.</ref> Osian's art fund was India's first arts based fund. It was established in 2007 in Mumbai by Neville Tuli, an Indian who had spent eight years gambling in the UK and had returned to India in the early 2000s; the fund consisted of numerous schemes, which allowed people to invest a minimum of Rs 10 lakh and in multiples of Rs 5 lakh thereafter, promising annual returns of 10 percent. The fund in turn invested in art by Indian painters; the fund was not registered with SEBI. A similar fund floated by another company called "Yatra Art fund" used a similar modus operandi, it too was closed down by SEBI in 2015. The fund invested funds in art, including paintings, had a functioning art auction house; as per Forbes and Moneylife India, Tuli built up a clientele in the nascent art scene in India, by attending socialite parties and get togethers, portraying himself to be an expert on art, writing books and subsequently floating an art fund that would invest in art.

Investments in this art fund were sold through a tie up with the Indian division of ABN Amro, a Dutch bank. A high entry load was charged to all investors, this was used for a while to pay them back. Subsequently, the fund ran out of money and after complaints were lodged by customers, it was investigated by the enforcement directorate in India. Osian's most popular fund offered was the "Osian’s Art Fund – Scheme Contemporary 1", a three-year scheme which matured in July 2009 and had 656 unit holders. Returns of up to 40 percent were promised to investors; the company in turn purchased art by Indian artists including MF Husain and FN Souza, but was only able to sell them at a loss, thus leaving its investors with their initial investments eroded. As per an investigation co0nducted by SEBI, the scheme had thus collected 102.4 crore rupees. A fund management fee of 3% was charged for purchasing units of Rs. 100 each, with an agreement to share the profits of sales with customers on a 30:70 basis and a promised hurdle rate of 15 percent.

Following complaints of non payment, the SAT ordered an investigation into the schemes floated by Osian. After hearing the case for over five years, it decided in April 2013 that the schemes floated by Osian were illegal'Collective Investment Schemes', all carried out under the umbrella of "Osian's Connoisseurs", a sponsor and asset management company for Osian Art Fund, thus they came under the gambit of SEBI and needed to be both registered as well as needed to comply with SEBI guidelines. Connosiers of Art pvt. ltd. the holding company of Osian's art fund was ordered to be closed in 2013 by the Securities and exchange board of India. Most of its customers did not receive their principal back, its outstandings were to the tune of Rs. 40 crores in 2014. No charges were levied against the founder Tuli who continues to operate Osian from New Delhi under a revised banner. In 2014, Tuli appealed to a tribunal to allow Osian to continue, while he tried to pay back at least some of its customers. In April 2017, the art fund was formally closed down, though Osian continues to work in other fields including wildlife.

Meanwhile, Abraaj Capital, a Dubai-based investment company filed a suit in London’s commercial court against Osian to recover the $23.7 million it gave Bregawn Jersey, one of Tuli’s many offshore companies, to seed an international venture called the India Asia Arab Art Fund. Osian’s most ambitious project, Osianama, an art conservatory and pop culture museum, is yet to rise from the land in Central Mumbai where the famed Minerva theatre once stood; as per Forbes, the list of people who invested in Osian's art funds including the "Connoisseurs of Art" fund includes Sanjeev Khandelwal, industrialist Gautam Thapar, Pramit Jhaveri, Sheshasayee Properties, Priya Paul, HCL Corporation Ltd. Roshni Nadar, Ashok Alexander, celebrity cook Tarla Dalal, Jaithirth Rao, Kamal Morarka and Sangita Kathiwada

Keoni Ana, full name John Kalaipaihala Young II, was a politician in the Kingdom of Hawaii, serving as Kuhina Nui of the Hawaiian Islands and Minister of Interior. Keoni Ana was born on March 1810 in Kawaihae, Hawaii, he was the only son of John Young, the English sailor who became a trusted adviser to King Kamehameha I, by his second wife Kaʻōanaʻeha, the niece of Kamehameha I. He was the elder brother of Jane Lahilahi, younger brother of Fanny Kekelaokalani and Grace Kamaikui, younger half-brother of James Kānehoa and Robert Young. He, his siblings, Isaac Davis' children, grew up on their father's homestead granted to them by the king, overlooking the Kawaihae Bay, it is now part of the Puʻukoholā Heiau National Historic Site. He grew up as the favorite companion of Prince Kauikeaouli, who took the throne as King Kamehameha III; the two friends' relationship was damaged when Keoni Ana was caught in the bedroom of Queen Kalama, the King's wife, shortly after the birth of Prince Keaweaweulaokalani in 1839.

The sentence of death was only avoided through the intervention of Queen Dowager Kalākua Kaheiheimālie. It seem after the incident, Kamehameha III forgave him. Keoni Ana held several government positions, including service in the House of Nobles 1841–1856, the Privy Council 1845–1857, as a Supreme Court justice, royal governor of Maui, as chamberlain of Kamehameha III's household, he aided in communication between native foreign elements in the community. On June 10, 1845 he was appointed Kuhina Nui by Kamehameha III because Victoria Kamāmalu, the designated successor of her mother, Kīnaʻu, was still a minor, he succeeded Kekāuluohi as Kuhina Nui. After Keoni Ana became Kuhina Nui the Legislative Assembly passed several acts that organized the executive ministries and departments of the government; this legislation provided that the Kuhina Nui served as Minister of the Interior. More far-reaching was the creation of the Board of Commissioners to Quiet Land Titles, which would forever change the system of land tenure in Hawaii in what would be known as the Great Mahele.

Keoni Ana served on a committee to assist the king and chiefs in defining their rights and interests in the lands within the kingdom. As a close friend and ally of the Kauikeaouli, Keoni Ana recognized that the Kuhina Nui's authority challenged the king's prestige and power. Keoni Ana supported Kamehameha IV in their attempt to abolish the office, his position as Kuhina Nui was not renewed in 1855 by Kamehameha IV, who chose his sister as the new Kuhina Nui, but he remained Minister of the Interior. He married each time to Hawaiians of noble birth, he married elder daughter of Nahili. Keoni Ana seemed to love Alapai the most, his marriage, most after Alapai's passing, was to the Elizabeth Kekaaniau's first cousin, High Chiefess ʻUlumaheihei, daughter of Waipa and Kekaikuihala, daughter of Aliʻi Nuhi of Waimea, Kaohelelani of Hana. All of his marriages were childless, he adopted son of his sister Jane. He bought Hānaiakamalama in an auction and willed it to his niece Emma Rooke, who became Queen Emma and used at it as her summer palace.

He was buried at the Royal Mausoleum at Mauna ʻAla. His only heirs were his niece nephew Peter. John Young family tree