The Pannonian Avars were an alliance of several groups of Eurasian nomads of various origins. The peoples were also known as the Obri in chronicles of Rus, the Abaroi or Varchonitai, or Pseudo-Avars in Byzantine sources, and the Apar to the Göktürks. They established the Avar Khaganate, which spanned the Pannonian Basin and considerable areas of Central and Eastern Europe from the late 6th to the early 9th century.
Coins of the Avars 6th–7th centuries AD, imitating Ravenna mint types of Heraclius
Gold Avar bowl, found in modern Albania, c. 700
Reconstruction of a lamellar helmet from Niederstotzingen. Dated 560–600 AD. This is considered as an Avar lamellar helmet.
Avars plundering Balkan lands
The Eurasian nomads were groups of nomadic peoples living throughout the Eurasian Steppe, who are largely known from frontier historical sources from Europe and Asia.
Scythian shield ornament of deer, in gold
Bronze Age spread of Yamnaya steppe pastoralist ancestry into two subcontinents—Europe and South Asia—from c. 3300 to 1500 BC