Parallel ATA
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Parallel ATA, originally AT Attachment, also known as Integrated Drive Electronics, is a standard interface designed for IBM PC-compatible computers. It was first developed by Western Digital and Comp
Two ATA motherboard sockets above, with an ATA connector below
IDE Connectors in PC Chips M925LR Pentium 4
Example of a 1992 80386 PC motherboard with nothing built in other than memory, keyboard, processor, cache, realtime clock, and slots. Such basic motherboards could have been outfitted with either the ST-506 or ATA interface, but usually not both. A single 2-drive ATA interface and a floppy interface was added to this system via the 16-bit ISA card.
44-pin PATA connector on a 2.5-inch drive, with 4 pins on the side for Master/Slave selection.
Disk buffer
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In computer storage, a disk buffer is the embedded memory in a hard disk drive or solid-state drive acting as a buffer between the rest of the computer and the physical hard disk platter or flash memo
On this hard disk drive, the controller board contains a RAM integrated circuit used for the disk buffer.
A 500 GB Western Digital hard disk drive with a 16 MB buffer