Pecorino romano is a hard, salty Italian cheese made with sheep's milk that is often used for grating over pasta or other dishes. The name pecorino simply means 'ovine' or 'of sheep' in Italian; the name of the cheese, although protected, is a description rather than a brand: [formaggio] pecorino romano simply means 'sheep's [cheese] of Rome'.

Sheep's milk is the milk of domestic sheep. It is commonly used to make cultured dairy products, such as cheese. Some of the most popular sheep cheeses include feta (Greece), ricotta (Italy), Roquefort (France) and Oscypek (Poland).