Periodic table
Videos
The periodic table, also known as the periodic table of the elements, is an ordered arrangement of the chemical elements into rows and columns. An icon of chemistry, the periodic table is widely used
Liquid mercury. Its liquid state at standard conditions is the result of relativistic effects.
Graphite and diamond, two allotropes of carbon
Iron, a metal
Sulfur, a nonmetal
Ionization energy
Videos
In physics and chemistry, ionization energy is the minimum energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron of an isolated gaseous atom, positive ion, or molecule. The first ionization energy
These electron configurations do not show the full and half-filled orbitals.
Here the added electron has a spin opposed to the other 2p electrons. This decreases the ionization energy of oxygen
Because of a single p-orbital electron in gallium's configuration, makes the overall structure less stable, hence the dip in ionization energy values
Actinium's electron configuration predetermines that it would require less energy to remove that single d-orbital electron, therefore even though it has a larger EC, radium still has the higher IE