1.
The American Magazine
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The American Magazine was a periodical publication founded in June 1906, a continuation of failed publications purchased a few years earlier from publishing mogul Miriam Leslie. The original title, Frank Leslies Popular Monthly, had begun publishing in 1876 and was renamed Leslies Monthly Magazine in 1904, from September 1905 through May 1906 it was called the American Illustrated Magazine, then subsequently shortened as The American Magazine until publication ceased in 1956. It kept continuous volume numbering throughout its history, in June 1906, muckraking journalists Ray Stannard Baker, Lincoln Steffens and Ida M. Tarbell left McClures to help create American Magazine. Baker contributed articles using the pseudonym David Grayson, under John Sanborn Phillips, who served as editor until 1915, the monthly magazine departed somewhat from the muckraking style and focused on human interest stories, social issues and fiction. Initially published by his Phillips Publishing Company of Springfield, Ohio, it later was taken over by Crowell Publishing Company, the American Magazine was published by Crowell-Collier until it folded in 1956. With the changes in 1915, the editor was John M. Siddall. The cover of the September 1917 issue announced, This Magazines Circulation Has Doubled in 20 Months, the September 1922 cover stated circulation had reached 1.8 million. Merle Crowell served as editor of American Magazine from 1923 until 1929 when Sumner Blossom took over, Blossom, who had been editor of Popular Science, was there for the last 27 years of the magazines existence. Fictional serials and short stories were a feature, and the magazine published several winners of the O. Henry Awards. High-profile writers contributed articles on a variety of topics, during his editorship, Blossom adopted the unusual policy of hiding the authors name on all works of fiction during the selection process as a way to encourage new fiction writers. The magazines staff learned the identity only once they accepted or rejected a manuscript. The American Magazines last issue was displayed on newsstands in August 1956, the FictionMags Index, Magazines, Listed by Title. Archived from the original on 15 June 2008, archived from the original on 26 October 2009
2.
Erle Stanley Gardner
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Erle Stanley Gardner was an American lawyer and author. The best-selling American author of the 20th century at the time of his death, Gardner also published under numerous pseudonyms, Fair, Kyle Corning, Charles M. Green, Carleton Kendrake, Charles J. Kenny, Les Tillray and Robert Parr. Born in Malden, Massachusetts, Erle Stanley Gardner graduated from Palo Alto High School in 1909 and he was suspended after approximately one month when his interest in boxing became a distraction. He returned to California, pursued his education on his own. In 1912, Gardner wed Natalie Frances Talbert, they had a daughter and he opened his first law office in Merced in 1917, but closed it after accepting a position at a sales agency. In 1921, he returned to law as a member of the Ventura firm Sheridan, Orr, Drapeau, and Gardner, Gardner enjoyed litigation and the development of trial strategy, but was otherwise bored by legal practice. In his spare time, he began writing for pulp magazines, in his early years writing for the pulp magazine market, Gardner set himself a quota of 1,200,000 words a year. When asked why his heroes always defeated villains with the last bullet in their guns, Gardner answered, if you think I’m going to finish the gun battle while my hero still has fifteen cents worth of unexploded ammunition in his gun, you’re nuts. Early on, he typed his stories himself using two fingers, but later dictated them to a team of secretaries, under the pen name A. A. Fair, Gardner wrote a series of novels about the private detective firm of Cool and Lam. In another series, District Attorney Doug Selby litigated against attorney Alphonse Baker Carr in an inversion of the Perry Mason scenario. Prosecutor Selby is portrayed as a courageous and imaginative crime solver, Gardner remained with Sheridan, Orr, Drapeau, and Gardner until 1933, when The Case of the Velvet Claws was published. Much of that story is set at the historic Pierpont Inn, in 1937, Gardner moved to Temecula, California, where he lived for the rest of his life. With the success of the Mason series, which ran to over 80 novels. Gardners readership was a broad and international one, and included the English novelist Evelyn Waugh, Gardner also created characters for various radio programs, including Christopher London, starring Glenn Ford, and A Life in Your Hands. He created Perry Mason as a character for a series of Hollywood films of the 1930s, and then for a titular radio program. In 1954, CBS proposed transforming Perry Mason into a soap opera. When Gardner opposed the idea, CBS created The Edge of Night, in 1957, Perry Mason became a long-running CBS-TV series starring Raymond Burr in the title role. Though Burr originally auditioned for the role of district attorney Hamilton Burger, Gardner reportedly declared he was the embodiment of Perry Mason, Gardner made an uncredited appearance as a judge in The Case of the Final Fade-Out, the last episode of the series
3.
Warren William
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Warren William was a Broadway and Hollywood actor, immensely popular during the early 1930s, he was later nicknamed the King of Pre-Code. Warren William Krechs family originated in Tennstedt, Saxony, Germany and his grandfather, Ernst Wilhelm Krech, fled Germany in 1848 during the Revolution, going first to France and later immigrating to the United States. He wed Mathilde Grow in 1851, and had six children, Freeman E. Krech, Warrens father, was born in 1856. Around the age of 25, Freeman moved to Aitkin, a town in Minnesota. He married Frances Potter, daughter of a merchant, September 18,1890 and their son Warren was born December 2,1894. Warren Williams interest in acting began in 1903, when a house was built in Aitkin. He was also an avid and lifelong amateur inventor, a pursuit that may have contributed to his death, after high school, William auditioned for, and was enrolled in, the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York City in October 1915. As his senior year at AADA was coming to an end, the First World War had begun, and William enlisted in the United States Army. He was assigned from base to base, in charge of training new men at various locations, while in New York, he met his future wife, Helen Barbara Nelson, who was 17 years his senior. In October 1918 he left for France, to enter the war, William left the army in early 1919, after which he began working on his acting career. In 1923, he and Helen were married, William appeared in his first Broadway play in 1920, and had soon made a name for himself in New York. William appeared in 22 plays on Broadway between 1920 and 1931, during this period he also appeared in two silent films, The Town That Forgot God and Plunder. William moved from New York City to Hollywood in 1931 and he began as a contract player at Warner Bros. and quickly became a star during what is now known as the Pre-Code period. He developed a reputation for portraying ruthless, amoral businessmen, crafty lawyers, deMilles Cleopatra, and with Colbert again the same year as her characters love interest in Imitation of Life. He played the swashbuckling musketeer dArtagnan in The Man in the Iron Mask, William was the first to portray Erle Stanley Gardners fictional defense attorney Perry Mason on the big screen and starred in four Perry Mason mysteries. He also starred as Sam Spade in Satan Met a Lady, on radio, William starred in the transcribed series Strange Wills, which featured stories behind strange wills that run the gamut of human emotion. Although on-screen William was an actor audiences loved to hate, off-screen William was a private man, Warren and Helen remained a couple throughout his entire adult life. He was often described as having been shy in real life, was an old man – even when he was a young man
4.
Ricardo Cortez
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Ricardo Cortez was an American actor. Born to a Jewish family in New York City, Krantz was an amateur boxer, hollywood executives changed his name from Krantz to Cortez in order to capitalize on the popularity of the eras Latin lovers. When rumor began to circulate that Cortez was not actually Spanish, Cortez appeared in over 100 films. Having begun his career playing romantic leads, when sound arrived, his strong delivery. Though he would go on to portray leading men, Cortezs main focus became character acting. In 1936, Cortez replaced Warren William as Perry Mason in The Case of the Black Cat, Cortez was married to silent film actress Alma Rubens until her death from pneumonia in 1931. When he retired from the business, Cortez returned to New York. He died in New York City in 1977, and was interred at Woodlawn Cemetery in The Bronx, Cortez was the older brother of noted cinematographer Stanley Cortez. The Magnificent Heel, The Life and Films of Ricardo Cortez, ISBN 978-1-62933-128-7 Ricardo Cortez at the Internet Movie Database Ricardo Cortez at Find a Grave
5.
Donald Woods (actor)
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Donald Woods was a Canadian-American film and television actor whose career in Hollywood spanned six decades. Born Ralph Lewis Zink in Brandon, Manitoba, Woods moved with his family to California and was raised in Burbank. A son of William and Margaret Zink, his brother was actor Russell Conway, born Russell Clarence Zink, in Brandon, Manitoba, Canada. Donald Woods graduated from the University of California, Berkeley, and his screen career was spent mostly in B movies, for example as lawyer Perry Mason in the 1937 film The Case of the Stuttering Bishop. He also occasionally played roles in bigger feature films like A Tale of Two Cities, Anthony Adverse, Watch on the Rhine, The Bridge of San Luis Rey. On April 11,1961, Woods appeared as Profesor Landfield in the episode Two for the Gallows on NBCs Laramie western series, series character Slim Sherman is hired under false pretenses to take Landfield into the Badlands to seek gold. Landfield, however, is really Morgan Bennett, a member of the former Henry Plummer gang who has escaped from prison, Slim has no idea that Lanfield is seeking the loot that his gang had hidden away. Series character Jess Harper, Pete Dixon, played by Warren Oates, the title stems from the talk that the undisciplined Dixon brothers might eventually wind up on a hangmans noose. Besides his film career, he worked as a successful real estate broker in Palm Springs where he lived with his wife. They were married from 1933 until his death and had two children, Linda and Conrad and he was interred at the Forest Lawn Cemetery in Cathedral City, California. Donald Woods at Find a Grave Donald Woods at the Internet Movie Database
6.
Santos Ortega
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Santos Edward Ortega was an American actor and comedian. He was best known for playing Will Hughes in As the World Turns, Ortega continued in the role until his death in 1976. Ortega was born in New York City, New York, on June 30,1899, to parents Rafael, Rafael Ortega was a cigar maker by trade, which may have influenced his sons habit of cigar smoking throughout his career. He began his career when he was 17 in the theater in an extravaganza at the old Hippodrome Theater, as radio stations began to come on the air in large numbers, radio programs began to gain momentum, thus opening up new opportunities for Ortega. He first worked in radio in comedy, appearing on a variety show, Blackstone Plantation, Ortega later said that he was hired for the role after a casting director hired the young unknown based on seeing Ortegas name, assuming that he would be perfect for the role. Despite Ortegas ethnic-sounding name, and the fact that he did have Latino origins on his fathers side and he came to learn that if he convincingly mastered a Spanish dialect, more work would come his way, and it did. He served as straight man for the duo of Frank Crumit, Ortega said, It was a song and patter show, and I provided the laughter. He went on to be active in the medium, starring in The Adventures of Nero Wolfe and narrating Gangbusters, perhaps his most famous and notable radio role was Commissioner Weston on The Shadow. He continued in the role shortly before his death in 1976. He married Evelyn Fairbank in 1926, but the couple had no children and he later married Cynthia Beckett,20 years his junior, when he was around 50 years old. They would go on to have two children, Ortega was a lifelong tobacco user who often smoked cigars during his radio shows. However, during his tenure on As The World Turns, he was most often seen smoking a pipe, Ortega died on April 10,1976, in Broward General Hospital in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, while he was visiting in that area. Survivors included a son, a daughter and a sister, a memorial service was held April 25,1976, at the Church of the Heavenly Rest in New York City. As the World Turns, Will Hughes Santos Ortega at the Internet Movie Database
7.
Donald Briggs
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Donald Briggs was an American actor, who appeared in over 75 films and television shows between the 1930s and 1970s. He was born in Chicago, Illinois and died in Woodland Hills, Briggs was a graduate of Senn High School in Chicago and worked at KYW radio in 1928. Briggs played the roles in The First Nighter Program, The Sheriff, Perry Mason. Briggs was married to actress Audrey Christie and these are a few of the films he worked in
8.
Raymond Burr
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Raymond William Stacy Burr was a Canadian-American actor, primarily known for his title roles in the television dramas Perry Mason and Ironside. He was prominently involved in multiple charitable endeavors, such as working on behalf of the United Service Organizations, Burrs early acting career included roles on Broadway, radio, television and in film, usually as the villain. His portrayal of the murderer in the Alfred Hitchcock thriller Rear Window is regarded as his best-known film role. He won two Emmy Awards, in 1959 and 1961, for the role of Perry Mason, which he played for nine seasons and his second hit TV series, Ironside, earned him six Emmy nominations and two Golden Globe nominations. After Burrs death from cancer in 1993, his life came into question. In 1996, Burr was listed as one of the 50 Greatest TV Stars of All Time by TV Guide, a 2014 study found that Burr was rated as the favorite actor by Netflix users, with the greatest number of dedicated microgenres. Raymond William Stacy Burr was born May 21,1917, in New Westminster, British Columbia and his father, William Johnston Burr, was a hardware salesman, his mother, Minerva Annette, was a pianist and music teacher who had been born in Chicago, Illinois. Burrs ancestry included Irish, English, Scottish, and German, when Burr was six, his parents divorced. Burrs mother moved to Vallejo, California, with him and his siblings, Geraldine. His father remained in New Westminster, Burr attended San Rafael Military Academy in San Rafael, California, for awhile and graduated from Berkeley High School. In later years, Burr freely invented stories of a happy childhood, in 1986 he told journalist Jane Ardmore that when he was 12 years old his mother sent him to New Mexico for a year to work as a ranch hand. He developed a passion for growing things and, while still a teenager, throughout his teenage years, he had some acting work, making his stage debut at age 12 with a Vancouver stock company. Growing up during the Great Depression, Burr hoped to study acting at the Pasadena Playhouse, a community theater and school in Pasadena, California. In 1934 he joined a theatre group in Toronto that toured throughout Canada, then joined another company that toured India, Australia. He briefly attended Long Beach Junior College and taught for a semester at San Jose Junior College, working nights as a radio actor and he also began his association with the Pasadena Playhouse in 1937. Burr moved to New York in 1940, and made his first Broadway appearance in Crazy With the Heat and his first starring role on the stage came in November 1942, when he was an emergency replacement in a Pasadena Playhouse production of Quiet Wedding, directed by Lenore Shanewise. He became a member of the Pasadena Playhouse drama faculty for 18 months and he returned to the Broadway stage for Patrick Hamiltons The Duke in Darkness, a psychological drama set during the French Wars of Religion. Burrs performance as the friend of the imprisoned protagonist led to a contract with RKO Radio Pictures
9.
Monte Markham
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Monte Markham is an American actor. He has appeared in films, television series and on Broadway, Markham was born in Manatee County, Florida, the son of Millie Content and Jesse Edward Markham, Sr. who was a merchant. One of his earliest stage experiences was at the Oregon Shakespeare Festival in the summer of 1961, Markham made his Broadway debut in 1973 in Irene, for which he won the Theatre World Award. He also appeared on stage in Same Time, Next Year, markhams film work includes Hour of the Gun, Guns of the Magnificent Seven, Midway and Airport 77. He has served as a consultant, director, producer, and narrator for A&Es Classroom, randolph Life Partners We Are Still Here - Dave McCabe Monte Markham at the Internet Movie Database Monte Markham interview http, //www. wonderland-site. com/html/interviews4. htm
10.
Detective fiction
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Detective fiction is a subgenre of crime fiction and mystery fiction in which an investigator or a detective—either professional or amateur—investigates a crime, often murder. Some scholars have suggested that ancient and religious texts bear similarities to what would later be called detective fiction. In the Old Testament story of Susanna and the Elders, the account told by two breaks down when Daniel cross-examines them. In the play Oedipus Rex by Ancient Greek playwright Sophocles, the character discovers the truth about his origins after questioning various witnesses. The earliest known example of a story was The Three Apples, one of the tales narrated by Scheherazade in the One Thousand. In this story, a fisherman discovers a heavy, locked chest along the Tigris river and he sells it to the Abbasid Caliph, when Harun breaks open the chest, he finds inside it, the dead body of a young woman who has been cut into pieces. Harun then orders his vizier, Jafar ibn Yahya, to solve the crime, suspense is generated through multiple plot twists that occur as the story progresses. This may thus be considered an archetype for detective fiction, the main difference between Jafar and later fictional detectives, such as Sherlock Holmes and Hercule Poirot, is that Jafar has no actual desire to solve the case. The whodunit mystery is solved when the murderer himself confesses his crime and this in turn leads to another assignment in which Jafar has to find the culprit who instigated the murder within three days or else be executed. Gongan fiction （公案小说, literally：case records of a public law court）is the earliest known genre of Chinese detective fiction, some well known stories include the Yuan Dynasty story Circle of Chalk, the Ming Dynasty story collection Bao Gong An and the 18th century Di Gong An story collection. The latter was translated into English as Celebrated Cases of Judge Dee by Dutch sinologist Robert Van Gulik, the hero/detective of these novels is typically a traditional judge or similar official based on historical personages such as Judge Bao or Judge Dee. Although the historical characters may have lived in an earlier period most stories are written in the latter Ming or Qing period, Van Gulik chose Di Gong An to translate because it was in his view closer to the Western tradition and more likely to appeal to non-Chinese readers. One notable fact is that a number of Gong An works may have been lost or destroyed during the Literary Inquisitions and the wars in ancient China. Only little or incomplete case volumes can be found, for example, One of the earliest examples of detective fiction is Voltaires Zadig, which features a main character who performs feats of analysis. Things as They Are, or, The Adventures of Caleb Williams by William Godwin shows the law as protecting the murderer, das Fräulein von Scuderi, an 1819 short story by E. T. A. Auguste Dupin. Poe devised a plot formula thats been successful ever since, give or take a few shifting variables, Poe followed with further Auguste Dupin tales, The Mystery of Marie Rogêt in 1843 and The Purloined Letter in 1845. Poe referred to his stories as tales of ratiocination, early detective stories tended to follow an investigating protagonist from the first scene to the last, making the unraveling a practical rather than emotional matter. The Mystery of Marie Rogêt is particularly interesting because it is a fictionalized account based on Poes theory of what happened to the real-life Mary Cecilia Rogers
11.
Novel
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A novel is any relatively long piece of written narrative fiction, normally in prose, and typically published as a book. The genre has also described as possessing, a continuous. This view sees the novels origins in Classical Greece and Rome, medieval, early modern romance, the latter, an Italian word used to describe short stories, supplied the present generic English term in the 18th century. The romance is a closely related long prose narrative, Romance, as defined here, should not be confused with the genre fiction love romance or romance novel. Other European languages do not distinguish between romance and novel, a novel is le roman, der Roman, il romanzo, a novel is a long, fictional narrative which describes intimate human experiences. Most European languages use the word romance for extended narratives, fictionality is most commonly cited as distinguishing novels from historiography. However this can be a problematic criterion, historians would also invent and compose speeches for didactic purposes. Novels can, on the hand, depict the social, political and personal realities of a place and period with clarity. Even in the 19th century, fictional narratives in verse, such as Lord Byrons Don Juan, Alexander Pushkins Yevgeniy Onegin, vikram Seths The Golden Gate, composed of 590 Onegin stanzas, is a more recent example of the verse novel. Both in 12th-century Japan and 15th-century Europe, prose fiction created intimate reading situations, on the other hand, verse epics, including the Odyssey and Aeneid, had been recited to a select audiences, though this was a more intimate experience than the performance of plays in theaters. A new world of Individualistic fashion, personal views, intimate feelings, secret anxieties, conduct and gallantry spread with novels, the novel is today the longest genre of narrative prose fiction, followed by the novella, short story, and flash fiction. However, in the 17th century critics saw the romance as of epic length, the length of a novel can still be important because most literary awards use length as a criterion in the ranking system. Urbanization and the spread of printed books in Song Dynasty China led to the evolution of oral storytelling into consciously fictional novels by the Ming dynasty, parallel European developments did not occur for centuries, and awaited the time when the availability of paper allowed for similar opportunities. By contrast, Ibn Tufails Hayy ibn Yaqdhan and Ibn al-Nafis Theologus Autodidactus are works of didactic philosophy, in this sense, Hayy ibn Yaqdhan would be considered an early example of a philosophical novel, while Theologus Autodidactus would be considered an early theological novel. Epic poetry exhibits some similarities with the novel, and the Western tradition of the novel back into the field of verse epics. Then at the beginning of the 18th century, French prose translations brought Homers works to a wider public, longus is the author of the famous Greek novel, Daphnis and Chloe. Romance or chivalric romance is a type of narrative in prose or verse popular in the circles of High Medieval. In later romances, particularly those of French origin, there is a tendency to emphasize themes of courtly love
12.
Murder
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A murder is the unlawful killing of another human without justification or valid excuse, especially the unlawful killing of another human being with malice aforethought. This state of mind may, depending upon the jurisdiction, distinguish murder from other forms of unlawful homicide, manslaughter is a killing committed in the absence of malice, brought about by reasonable provocation, or diminished capacity. Involuntary manslaughter, where it is recognized, is a killing that lacks all but the most attenuated guilty intent, in most countries, a person convicted of murder generally faces a long-term prison sentence, possibly a life sentence where permitted. In many common law jurisdictions, a convicted of murder will receive a mandatory life sentence. In jurisdictions where capital punishment exists, the penalty may be imposed for such an act, however. The modern English word murder descends from the Proto-Indo-European mrtró which meant to die, the Middle English mordre is a noun from Anglo-Saxon morðor and Old French murdre. Middle English mordre is a verb from Anglo-Saxon myrdrian and the Middle English noun, the elements of common law murder are, Unlawful killing through criminal act or omission of a human by another human with malice aforethought. Killing – At common law life ended with cardiopulmonary arrest – the total, with advances in medical technology courts have adopted irreversible cessation of all brain function as marking the end of life. Сriminal act or omission – Killing can be committed by an act or an omission. of a human – This element presents the issue of life begins. At common law, a fetus was not a human being, life began when the fetus passed through the vagina and took its first breath. By another human – In early common law, suicide was considered murder, the requirement that the person killed be someone other than the perpetrator excluded suicide from the definition of murder. With malice aforethought – Originally malice aforethought carried its everyday meaning – a deliberate, Murder necessarily required that an appreciable time pass between the formation and execution of the intent to kill. The courts broadened the scope of murder by eliminating the requirement of actual premeditation and deliberation as well as true malice, all that was required for malice aforethought to exist is that the perpetrator act with one of the four states of mind that constitutes malice. The four states of mind recognized as constituting malice are, Under state of mind, intent to kill, thus, if the defendant intentionally uses a deadly weapon or instrument against the victim, such use authorizes a permissive inference of intent to kill. In other words, intent follows the bullet, examples of deadly weapons and instruments include but are not limited to guns, knives, deadly toxins or chemicals or gases and even vehicles when intentionally used to harm one or more victims. In Australian jurisdictions, the risk must amount to a foreseen probability of death. Under state of mind, the doctrine, the felony committed must be an inherently dangerous felony, such as burglary, arson, rape. Importantly, the underlying felony cannot be a lesser included offense such as assault, as with most legal terms, the precise definition of murder varies between jurisdictions and is usually codified in some form of legislation
13.
Perry Mason (radio)
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Perry Mason is a radio crime serial based on the novels of Erle Stanley Gardner. Broadcast weekdays on CBS Radio from 1943 to 1955, the series was adapted into The Edge of Night which ran on television for an additional 30 years, the 15-minute continuing series Perry Mason aired weekdays October 18,1943 – December 30,1955, on CBS Radio. Geared more towards action than courtroom drama, it mixed mystery and soap opera, Erle Stanley Gardners literary success with the Perry Mason novels convinced Warner Bros. to try its hand, unsuccessfully, with some motion pictures. However, the Perry Mason radio show stayed on the air for 12 years, as The Edge of Night, it ran for another 30 years on television, but Gardner disliked the proposed daytime television version due to a lack of his own creative control. He ultimately withheld his endorsement of the daytime TV show, forcing the name change, the actors portraying Mason switched frequently over the first three years of the shows run, starting with Bartlett Robinson, then followed by Santos Ortega and Donald Briggs. John Larkin took over the starring role March 31,1947, Larkin played the equivalent character on The Edge of Night. The guest cast included Mercedes McCambridge, principal cast members are listed in order of portrayal. Radios Perry Mason has more in common, in all but name, as many radio serials moved to television, so was to be the destiny of Perry Mason. However, Gardner disagreed with the direction of the new show, the sponsor, Procter & Gamble hired the writers and staff of the Perry Mason radio series, the show was retooled, and it became The Edge of Night. The characters and setting were renamed, Gardner eventually aligned himself with the nighttime courtroom drama. The Edge of Night was conceived as the version of Perry Mason. Masons creator, Erle Stanley Gardner, was to create and write the show, CBS insisted that Mason be given a love interest to placate daytime soap opera audiences, but Gardner flatly refused to take Mason in that direction. Gardner would eventually patch up his differences with CBS and Perry Mason would debut in time in 1957. Two actors who played Perry Mason on radio, Bartlett Robinson and John Larkin, appeared in episodes of the CBS-TV series, Perry Mason, starring Raymond Burr. Perry Mason, an American legal drama broadcast on CBS Television 1957–66 Perry Mason at the Internet Archive Streaming episodes of Perry Mason from Old Time Radio Researchers Group Library
14.
CBS
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CBS is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation. The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major facilities and operations in New York City. CBS is sometimes referred to as the Eye Network, in reference to the iconic logo. It has also called the Tiffany Network, alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley. It can also refer to some of CBSs first demonstrations of color television, the network has its origins in United Independent Broadcasters Inc. a collection of 16 radio stations that was purchased by Paley in 1928 and renamed the Columbia Broadcasting System. Under Paleys guidance, CBS would first become one of the largest radio networks in the United States, in 1974, CBS dropped its former full name and became known simply as CBS, Inc. In 2000, CBS came under the control of Viacom, which was formed as a spin-off of CBS in 1971, CBS Corporation is controlled by Sumner Redstone through National Amusements, which also controls the current Viacom. The television network has more than 240 owned-and-operated and affiliated stations throughout the United States. The origins of CBS date back to January 27,1927, Columbia Phonographic went on the air on September 18,1927, with a presentation by the Howard Barlow Orchestra from flagship station WOR in Newark, New Jersey, and fifteen affiliates. Operational costs were steep, particularly the payments to AT&T for use of its land lines, in early 1928 Judson sold the network to brothers Isaac and Leon Levy, owners of the networks Philadelphia affiliate WCAU, and their partner Jerome Louchenheim. With the record out of the picture, Paley quickly streamlined the corporate name to Columbia Broadcasting System. He believed in the power of advertising since his familys La Palina cigars had doubled their sales after young William convinced his elders to advertise on radio. By September 1928, Paley bought out the Louchenheim share of CBS, during Louchenheims brief regime, Columbia paid $410,000 to A. H. Grebes Atlantic Broadcasting Company for a small Brooklyn station, WABC, which would become the networks flagship station. WABC was quickly upgraded, and the relocated to 860 kHz. The physical plant was relocated also – to Steinway Hall on West 57th Street in Manhattan, by the turn of 1929, the network could boast to sponsors of having 47 affiliates. Paley moved right away to put his network on a financial footing. In the fall of 1928, he entered talks with Adolph Zukor of Paramount Pictures. The deal came to fruition in September 1929, Paramount acquired 49% of CBS in return for a block of its stock worth $3.8 million at the time
15.
Perry Mason (TV series)
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Perry Mason is an American legal drama series originally broadcast on CBS television from September 21,1957, to May 22,1966. The title character, portrayed by Raymond Burr, is a fictional Los Angeles criminal defense lawyer who appeared in detective fiction by Erle Stanley Gardner. Many episodes are based on stories written by Gardner, Hollywoods first weekly one-hour series filmed for television, Perry Mason is one of TVs longest-running and most successful legal series. During its first season, it received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination as Best Dramatic Series, Raymond Burr received two Emmy Awards for Outstanding Lead Actor, and Barbara Hale received an Emmy Award for her portrayal of Masons secretary Della Street. Perry Mason and Burr were honored as Favorite Series and Favorite Male Performer in the first two TV Guide Award readers polls, in 1960, the series received the first Silver Gavel Award presented for television drama by the American Bar Association. Perry Mason has aired in syndication in the United States and internationally ever since its cancellation, a 2014 study found that Netflix users rate Raymond Burr as their favorite actor, with Barbara Hale number seven on the list. The New Perry Mason, a 1973 revival of the series with a different cast, was poorly received and ran a mere 15 episodes. In 1985, the first in a series of 30 Perry Mason television films aired on NBC. Perry Mason is a criminal defense lawyer practicing in Los Angeles. He represents clients, most of whom have been charged with murder, each episode typically follows a formula. The first half of the show introduces a prospective murder victim, the body is found, often through circumstance by Mason and private investigator Paul Drake, or with his secretary Della Street. Clues point to Masons client, who is charged with murder, in the second-half courtroom setting, Mason spars most often with his legal adversary Hamilton Burger, Los Angeles district attorney, and police homicide detective Lt. Arthur Tragg. Mason establishes his clients innocence by dramatically demonstrating the guilt of another character, the murderer often breaks down and confesses to the crime in the courtroom. In the closing scene, the characters together to discuss how the case was solved. In many episodes, the identity of the guilty party is uncovered without a trial being held. During this stage, other malefactors — such as blackmailers, frauds, and forgers — are frequently forced into confessions by Masons relentless and clever questioning, and the killer is exposed. Lieutenant Andy Anderson – another police homicide detective and lead police official on the series, lieutenant Steve Drumm – another police homicide detective and lead police official on the series, who appeared in the final season. Dr. Hoxie – autopsy surgeon Sgt and his literary agent was advertising executive Thomas Cornwell Jackson, who had, in 1947, married actress Gail Patrick
16.
Perry Mason (TV movies)
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The Perry Mason TV movies are a successful series of 30 television films aired on NBC as a sequel to the popular CBS-TV series Perry Mason. After a hiatus of nearly 20 years, Raymond Burr reprised his role as Los Angeles defense attorney Perry Mason in 26 of the television films, following Burrs death in 1993, Paul Sorvino and Hal Holbrook starred in the remaining four that aired from 1993 to 1995. The original Perry Mason television series was broadcast on CBS television from 1957 to 1966, Raymond Burr starred as Los Angeles criminal defense lawyer Perry Mason, a character created by American author and attorney Erle Stanley Gardner. Television producer Dean Hargrove resurrected the Perry Mason character in a series of films for NBC beginning in 1985. William Katt, Hales own son, was cast as private investigator Paul Drake, William Hopper, who played Drake in the original television series, had died in 1970, his photograph appears on Paul Drake Jr. s desk. Katt appeared in the first nine movies, in the later TV movies, Mason utilizes the services of Ken Malansky, an attorney who works with him as a private investigator. Malanskys character is introduced in The Case of the Lethal Lesson, budgeted at $3 million, Perry Mason Returns was filmed in Toronto, standing in for Los Angeles to save production costs. Fred Steiners theme music was re-recorded by famed mystery music composer Dick DeBenedictis, a total of 30 movies were made between 1985 and 1995, with Burr starring in 26. After Burr died in 1993, Paul Sorvino and Hal Holbrook starred in the final four telefilms from 1993 to 1995. These four films were presented as A Perry Mason Mystery, with Sorvino starring as Anthony Caruso in the first film and their characters are introduced as both lawyers and close friends of Mason, who is ostensibly out of town. Both Barbara Hale and William R. Moses reprised their roles for all four films, although, in the film in 1995. Hale said that continuing the series was suggested by Burr, Raymond was so concerned that the crew keep working—wed been with same crew for six years. He felt we must keep going as long as the audience was as kind to us as they are and its the show that will keep going, but not the character. I do think its a sweet memorial, because of lower production costs, many of the later TV movies were filmed and set in Denver, Colorado rather than Masons traditional locale of Los Angeles. Although located in Colorado, a wall shown at the end of the opening title sequence bears a Seal of Los Angeles County. Perry Mason Returns, the first television film in the series, was the second-highest-rated TV movie in American television during the 1985–86 season. 1988, Perry Mason, The Case of the Avenging Ace received a nomination for Outstanding Achievement in Music Composition for a Miniseries or a Special at the 40th Primetime Emmy Awards. 1990, Perry Mason, The Case of the Silenced Singer was nominated for Outstanding Achievement in Music and Lyrics at the 42nd Primetime Emmy Awards, all 30 Perry Mason television films are available on Region 1 DVD
17.
American Bar Association
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The American Bar Association, founded August 21,1878, is a voluntary bar association of lawyers and law students, which is not specific to any jurisdiction in the United States. The ABAs most important stated activities are the setting of standards for law schools. Its national headquarters are in Chicago, Illinois, it maintains a significant branch office in Washington. The ABA was founded on August 21,1878, in Saratoga Springs, New York, by 75 lawyers from 20 states, according to the ABA website, The legal profession as we know it today barely existed at that time. Lawyers were generally sole practitioners who trained under a system of apprenticeship, there was no national code of ethics, there was no national organization to serve as a forum for discussion of the increasingly intricate issues involved in legal practice. In 1918 the first women were admitted to the ABA – Judge Mary Belle Grossman of Cleveland, the ABA did not allow African-Americans to join until 1943. Roberta Cooper Ramo was the first female President of the ABA from 1995–1996, in 2016 ABA introduced a new ethics rule prohibiting attorneys from using sexist, racist and condescending terms. The goals and objectives are, Goal 1, Serve our members, Promote the highest quality legal education, 2) Promote competence, ethical conduct and professionalism, 3) Promote pro bono and public service by the legal profession. )Goal 3, Eliminate bias and enhance diversity. Promote full and equal participation in the association, our profession, and the system by all persons, 2) Eliminate bias in the legal profession. Its Board of Governors, with 44 members, has the authority to act for the ABA, consistent with previous action of the House of Delegates, when the House is not in session. The ABA president, elected to a term, is chief executive officer of the association, while the appointed. The conclusion of the ABA Annual Meeting, in August, is when a new president takes office, the Annual Meeting also gives the general membership the opportunity to participate in educational programs and hear speakers address many issues. In 2010, Jack L. Rives, formerly TJAG, was appointed Executive Director, one function of the ABA is its creation and maintenance of a code of ethical standards for lawyers. The Model Code of Professional Responsibility and/or the newer Model Rules of Professional Conduct have been adopted in 49 states, the District of Columbia and the United States Virgin Islands. The exception is the State Bar of California, however, a few sections of the California Rules of Professional Conduct were drawn from the ABA models, since 1923, law schools which meet ABA standards are listed as approved. ABA accreditation is important not only because it affects the recognition of the law schools involved, even states which recognize unaccredited schools within their borders will generally not recognize such schools from other jurisdictions for purposes of bar admission. For law students attending ABA-accredited schools, memberships are available for free, students attending non-ABA accredited law schools are permitted to join the ABA as associate members. On October 17,2011, the ABA announced it was considering penalties, employment information was filed separately to the Section
18.
The Youth's Companion
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The Companion was published in Boston, Massachusetts by the Perry Mason Company. From 1892 to 1915 it was based in the Youths Companion Building, early issues of the Companion were centered on religion, having been created, in the words of its first publishers Nathaniel Willis and Asa Rand, to encourage virtue and piety, and. Warn against the ways of transgression, in its early years its circulation did not reach 5,000. Through the years, publishers included Willis & Rand, Olmstead & Co. another innovation was a medical column for older readers. In consequence, its circulation increased one-hundredfold, with sales peaking in 1893 and it was advertised in 1897 as an Illustrated Family Paper, having, as one person said of it, done away with childish things. On September 8,1892, the published the first copy of the Pledge of Allegiance. From 1893–1907, Johnson Morton served as an editor, in later years the magazine published articles from Willa Cather and Winston Churchill. Erle Stanley Gardner was, as a child, very fond of the magazine, when he embarked on his own writing career, Gardner borrowed the name Perry Mason for his famous fictional attorney-detective. Http, //history. vineyard. net/pdgech2. htm The Youths Companion - an advertising bookmark of the newspaper from 1902 The Youths Companion Project Univ. of Pittsburgh
19.
Hamilton Burger
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Gardner describes Burger in the cast of characters of that novel as an honest but stubborn D. A. In chapter 15 of The Case of the Caretakers Cat, Burgers residential address is given as 3297 West Lakeside, Burgers bag of tricks was comparatively empty, chiefly comprising indignant exclamations of, Incompetent, irrelevant, and immaterial. Once Mason had exposed the true perpetrator, Burger often joined in Masons motion to the judge to dismiss the charges against Masons client so that Burger could then charge the actual wrongdoer. A scene from the series in which Mason consoles Burger after such a dismissal effort inspired a young Sonia Sotomayor to become a prosecutor. Burger was portrayed by William Talman in the long-running CBS-TV series Perry Mason, asked about how he felt about Burger losing to Mason week after week, Talman said, Burger doesnt lose. How can a district attorney lose when he fails to convict an innocent person, unlike a fist or gun fight, in court you can have a winner without having a loser. As a matter of fact Burger in a good many instances has joined Mason in action against unethical attorneys, lying witnesses, like any real-life district attorney, justice is Burgers main interest. The character of Hamilton Burger temporarily disappeared from the TV series during the third season. Talman was fired by CBS March 18,1960, hours after he entered a not-guilty plea to charges related to his presence at a party that was raided by police. The schedule was immediately juggled to minimize Talmans presence on the show, the Case of the Crying Cherub debuts a pared-down title sequence that omits Talman, he is credited only in the four episodes he filmed before he was fired. Talman was defended by the executive producer Gail Patrick Jackson, Raymond Burr and others. Patrick said that the role of Burger would not be recast, CBS reinstated Talman only after Gardner himself spoke out, together with millions of viewers. Talman went back to work in December 1960, and Burger returned in The Case of the Fickle Fortune, in the short-lived CBS-TV series, The New Perry Mason, Burger was played by Harry Guardino. I was influenced so greatly by a show in igniting the passion that I had as being a prosecutor. In her 2013 memoir the Supreme Court justice wrote of the influence on her while she was growing up in a Bronx housing project. Sotomayor granted that the attorney was the shows hero. I was fond of Burger, the prosecutor, too, I liked that he was a good loser, that he was more committed to finding the truth than to winning his case. If the defendant was innocent, he once explained
20.
Paul Drake (character)
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Paul Drake is a fictional private detective in the Perry Mason series of murder mystery novels by Erle Stanley Gardner. Drake is described as tall and slouching, frequently wearing an expression of droll humor and he is friend and right-hand man to Mason, a highly successful criminal defense lawyer in Los Angeles. Allen Jenkins played a variation on the Paul Drake character, referred to as Spudsy Drake, eddie Acuff took over the Spudsy role in the 1936 film The Case of the Velvet Claws. In 1957, the CBS television network launched a Perry Mason series based on Gardners characters, William Hopper auditioned for both the Mason and Drake roles. He was perfect as Drake, and we got him, recalled executive producer Gail Patrick Jackson, Paul Drake in the Erle Stanley Gardner books was an entirely different character, Hopper said in 1962. Now Im amused to read Gardners new books, Paul Drake now comes out like me. Just as Raymond Burr will always be Perry Mason, Bill Hopper will always be Paul Drake, wrote Brian Kelleher, in the short-lived 1973–74 revival, The New Perry Mason, Paul Drake was played by Albert Stratton. Drakes son was played by William Katt, real-life son of Barbara Hale, who played Della Street both in the TV series and the TV movies
21.
Della Street
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Della was forced to get a job as a secretary. By the time of the TV series in the 1950s and 1960s, according to The Case of The Caretakers Cat, she is about 15 years younger than Perry Mason. A character named Della Street first appeared in Gardners unpublished novel Reasonable Doubt, where she was a secretary, Gardner described her this way, Della Street … Secretary, twenty-seven, quiet, fast as hell on her feet, had been places. When Gardner submitted Reasonable Doubt to William Morrow, an editor suggested that Della Street is a character than the secretary. Gardner took this suggestion when he rewrote Reasonable Doubt as The Case of the Velvet Claws, in the published novel, the carnival or side show was jettisoned, and Street came from a more respectable background. This is an example of the difference between the pulp writing and slick writing of the 1930s. In 1950, Gardner published the short story The Case of the Suspect Sweethearts under the pseudonym Della Street. Erle Stanley Gardner, the creator of Perry Mason in a series of novels, was a prolific author. One of them he eventually married, after his first wife—from whom he was separated for 30 years—died and this was Jean Gardner, born Agnes Helene Walter. People who knew her believed she was the inspiration for Della Street, mrs. Gardner said she thought he put several women together to create the character. In the film made in the 1930s, Della Street was portrayed by five different actresses, Helen Trenholme, Claire Dodd, Genevieve Tobin, June Travis. On television, Della Street was played by Barbara Hale in the series, for which she received an Emmy Award, sharon Acker played Della Street in the short-lived revival series The New Perry Mason, starring Monte Markham as Mason. Gertrude Warner was the first actress to portray Street regularly, albeit on the series, followed by Joan Alexander and Palmolives Madge. The character portrayed in the series was reworked into Sara Lane on the daytime show Edge of Night
22.
Perry Mason bibliography
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The following is a list of the Perry Mason novels and short stories by Erle Stanley Gardner, published from 1933 to 1973. Many Perry Mason novels were first published in magazines, most often The Saturday Evening Post, sixteen appeared in the Toronto Star Weekly in condensed form. All books were first published by William Morrow and Company, New York, most were published simultaneously in Toronto. Six of the novels were adapted for a series of Perry Mason films produced in the 1930s, many of the novels and short stories were adapted for the CBS television series Perry Mason, details are available at the list of episodes for the TV series. The Case of the Velvet Claws William Morrow and Company, March 1933 In the first Perry Mason mystery, we meet Perry, Della Street, District Attorney Hamilton Burger and Lieutenant Arthur Tragg do not appear in this story. There is no scene in the entire novel, which is prevalent in the later books. The plot revolves around a woman, who calls herself Eva Griffin. She comes to Mason claiming that she is being blackmailed by her powerful husband and she wants to keep the news of her affairs secret from him and seeks help from Mason. Meanwhile, she is accused of murder and, in turn, but Perry avoids being double-crossed and fights to free her from the charges. The Case of the Lucky Legs William Morrow and Company, February 1934 A mistake at a murder scene dogs Perry while he tries to represent a woman taken in by a con man. He does not enjoy drafting wills, and wonders if the man should not see a veterinarian, however, the mans next question, whether a will is legal if the person who made it had been executed for murder, immediately piques Masons interest. He finds, in addition to the will and the dog, a man who had run away with the wife of another, the Hollywood movie of this name is considered the best big screen adaptation of a Perry Mason book. The Case of the Counterfeit Eye William Morrow and Company, April 1935 Peter Brunold has a glass eye to use the morning after. It is distinctive, closely identified him, and thus a handicap when a corpse is found clutching a bloodshot glass eye. Later, another corpse is found, with bloodshot glass eye in hand. But Mason is in almost as much jeopardy as his client and this is the first novel in which District Attorney Hamilton Burger appears. When the caretaker is killed, Mason defends the accused of his murder. This is the first novel in which Perry kisses Della Street in the office, but Mason observes that a bishop who has delivered many sermons is unlikely to stutter
23.
Pulp magazine
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Pulp magazines were inexpensive fiction magazines that were published from 1896 to the 1950s. The term pulp derives from the wood pulp paper on which the magazines were printed, in contrast. The typical pulp magazine had 128 pages, it was 7 inches wide by 10 inches high, the pulps gave rise to the term pulp fiction in reference to run-of-the-mill, low-quality literature. Pulps were the successors to the penny dreadfuls, dime novels, although many respected writers wrote for pulps, the magazines were best known for their lurid, exploitative, and sensational subject matter. The first pulp was Frank Munseys revamped Argosy Magazine of 1896, with about 135,000 words per issue, on paper with untrimmed edges. In six years Argosy went from a few thousand copies per month to over half a million, Street & Smith, a dime novel and boys weekly publisher, was next on the market. Seeing Argosys success, they launched The Popular Magazine in 1903, due to differences in page layout however, the magazine had substantially less text than Argosy. Haggards Lost World genre influenced several key pulp writers, including Edgar Rice Burroughs, Robert E. Howard, Talbot Mundy and Abraham Merritt. Street and Smiths next innovation was the introduction of specialized genre pulps, with each focusing on a particular genre, such as detective stories, romance. At their peak of popularity in the 1920s and 1930s, the most successful pulps could sell up to one million copies per issue, in 1934, Frank Gruber says there were some 150 pulp titles. The most successful pulp magazines were Argosy, Adventure, Blue Book and Short Stories, although pulp magazines were primarily an American phenomenon, there were also a number of British pulp magazines published between the Edwardian era and World War II. Notable UK pulps included Pall Mall Magazine, The Novel Magazine, Cassells Magazine, The Story-Teller, The Sovereign Magazine, Hutchinsons Adventure-Story and Hutchinsons Mystery-Story. The German fantasy magazine Der Orchideengarten had a format to American pulp magazines, in that it was printed on rough pulp paper. During the Second World War paper shortages had a impact on pulp production, starting a steady rise in costs. Beginning with Ellery Queens Mystery Magazine in 1941, pulp magazines began to switch to digest size, in 1949, Street & Smith closed most of their pulp magazines in order to move upmarket and produce slicks. The pulp format declined from rising expenses, but even more due to the competition from comic books, television. In a more affluent post-war America, the price gap compared to slick magazines was far less significant, in the 1950s, mens adventure magazines began to replace the pulp. The format is still in use for some lengthy serials, like the German science fiction weekly Perry Rhodan, many titles of course survived only briefly
24.
Jacques Barzun
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Jacques Martin Barzun was a French-born American historian. Focusing on ideas and culture, he wrote about a range of subjects, including baseball, mystery novels. He was also known as a philosopher of education, in the book Teacher in America, Barzun influenced the training of schoolteachers in the United States. He published more than forty books, was awarded the American Presidential Medal of Freedom, the historical retrospective From Dawn to Decadence,500 Years of Western Cultural Life,1500 to the Present, widely considered his magnum opus, was published when he was 93 years old. Jacques Martin Barzun was born in Créteil, France, to Henri-Martin and Anna-Rose Barzun and his father was a member of the Abbaye de Créteil group of artists and writers, and also worked in the French Ministry of Labor. He obtained his Ph. D. from Columbia in 1932 and taught there from 1928 to 1955, becoming the Seth Low Professor of History. For years, he and literary critic Lionel Trilling conducted Columbias famous Great Books course and he was elected Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1954. From 1955 to 1968, he served as Dean of the Graduate School, Dean of Faculties, from 1968 until his 1975 retirement, he was University Professor at Columbia. In 1936, Barzun married Mariana Lowell, a violinist from a prominent Boston family and they had three children, James, Roger, and Isabel. In 1980, Barzun married Marguerite Lee Davenport, from 1996 the Barzuns lived in her hometown, San Antonio, Texas. His granddaughter Lucy Barzun Donnelly was a producer of the award-winning HBO film Grey Gardens and his grandson, Matthew Barzun, is a businessman who served from 2009-2011 as the U. S. Ambassador to Sweden, and in 2013 was appointed Ambassador to the United Kingdom. On May 14,2012 Jacques Barzun attended a performance in his honor at which works by his favorite composer. He attended in a wheelchair and delivered an address to the crowd. Barzun died peacefully at his home in San Antonio, Texas on October 25,2012, barzun’s eye roamed over the full spectrum of Western music, art, literature and philosophy. Barzun had a strong interest in the tools and mechanics of writing and he undertook the task of completing, from a manuscript almost two-thirds of which was in first draft at the authors death, and editing, the first edition of Folletts Modern American Usage. Barzun was also the author of books on literary style, on the crafts of editing and publishing, and on methods in history. Barzun did not disdain popular culture, his interests included detective fiction. His widely quoted statement, Whoever wants to know the heart, was inscribed on a plaque at the Baseball Hall of Fame
25.
Noh
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Noh, or Nogaku —derived from the Sino-Japanese word for skill or talent—is a major form of classical Japanese musical drama that has been performed since the 14th century. Developed by Kanami and his son Zeami, it is the oldest major theatre art still regularly performed today. Traditionally, a Noh program includes five Noh plays with comedic kyōgen plays in between, a program of two Noh plays and one kyōgen piece has become common in Noh presentations today. An okina play may be presented in the very beginning especially during New Years, holidays, Noh is often based on tales from traditional literature with a supernatural being transformed into human form as a hero narrating a story. Noh integrates masks, costumes and various props in a performance, requiring highly trained actors. Emotions are primarily conveyed by stylized gestures while the iconic masks represent the roles such as ghosts, women, children. Written in ancient Japanese language, the text describes the ordinary people of the twelfth to sixteenth centuries. Having a strong emphasis on rather than innovation, Noh is extremely codified and regulated by the iemoto system. The word Noh means skill, craft, or the talent particularly in the field of performing arts in this context, the word Noh may be used alone or with gaku to form the word nōgaku. Noh is a tradition that is highly valued by many today. When used alone, Noh refers to the genre of theatre originated from sarugaku in the mid 14th century. Noh and kyōgen originated in the 8th century when the sangaku was transmitted from China to Japan, at the time, the term sangaku referred to various types of performance featuring acrobats, song and dance as well as comic sketches. Its subsequent adaption to Japanese society led to its assimilation of other art forms. L Various performing art elements in sangaku as well as elements of dengaku, sarugaku, shirabyōshi, another theory by Shinhachiro Matsumoto suggests Noh originated from outcastes struggling to claim higher social status by catering to those in power, namely the new ruling samurai class of the time. As Noh became the shoguns favorite art form, Noh was able to become an art form through this newly formed relationship. In 14th century, with support and patronage from shōgun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu. Kanami Kiyotsugu and his son Zeami Motokiyo brought Noh to what is essentially its present-day form during the Muromachi period, Kanami was a renowned actor with great versatility fulfilling roles from graceful women and 12-year-old boys to strong adult males. When Kanami first presented his work to 17-year-old Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, Zeami was an actor in his play
26.
R. L. Stine
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Some of his other works include a Space Cadets trilogy, two Hark gamebooks, and dozens of joke books. As of 2008, Stines books have sold over 400 million copies, Stine was born on October 8,1943 in Columbus, Ohio, the son of Lewis Stine, a shipping clerk, and Anne Feinstein. He grew up in Bexley, Ohio and he began writing at age nine, when he found a typewriter in his attic, subsequently beginning to type stories and joke books. He graduated from Ohio State University in 1965 with a Bachelor of Arts in English, while at OSU, R. L. Stine edited the OSU humor magazine The Sundial for three out of his four years there. He later moved to New York City to pursue his career as a writer, Stine wrote dozens of humor books for kids under the name Jovial Bob Stine and created the humor magazine Bananas. Bananas was for teenagers published by Scholastic Press for 72 issues between 1975 and 1984, plus various Yearbooks and paperback books, Stine was editor and responsible for much of the writing. Recurring features included Hey – Lighten Up, Phone Calls, Joe, Phil Fly, Dont You Wish. Doctor Duck, The Teens of Ferret High, First Date, in 1986, Stine wrote his first horror novel, called Blind Date. He followed with other novels, including The Babysitter, Beach House, Hit and Run. In 1989, Stine started writing Fear Street books, before launching the Goosebumps series, Stine authored three humorous science fiction books in the Space Cadets series titled Jerks in Training, Bozos on Patrol, and Losers in Space. In 1992, Stine and Parachute Press went on to launch Goosebumps, also produced was a Goosebumps TV series that ran for four seasons from 1995–1998 and three video games, Escape from HorrorLand, Attack of the Mutant and Goosebumps HorrorLand. In 1995, Stines first novel targeted at adults, called Superstitious, was published and he has since published three other adult-oriented novels, The Sitter, Eye Candy, and Red Rain. Also, a direct-to-DVD movie The Haunting Hour Volume One, Dont Think About It, jack Black portrayed a fictionalized version of Stine in the 2015 film Goosebumps, while Stine himself made a cameo appearance, playing a teacher named Mr. Black. According to Forbes List of the 40 best-paid Entertainers of 1996–97 and his books have sold over 400 million copies worldwide as of 2008, landing on many bestseller lists. In three consecutive years during the 1990s, USA Today named Stine as Americas number one best-selling author and he won the Thriller Writers of America Silver Bullet Award in 2007, and the Horror Writers Associations Lifetime Achievement Award in 2014. His stories have even inspired R. L. Stines Haunted Lighthouse, 4D movie-based attractions at SeaWorld, on June 22,1969, Stine married Jane Waldhorn, an editor and writer who later co-founded Parachute Press in 1983. The couples only child, Matthew works in the music industry, the Haunted Car Full Moon Fever Slappys Nightmare Earth Geeks Must Go. Ghost in the Mirror Escape from the Carnival of Horrors Tick Tock, Trapped in Bat Wing Hall The Deadly Experiments of Dr. Dead
27.
Goosebumps
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Goosebumps is a series of childrens horror fiction novellas by American author R. L. Stine, published by Scholastic Publishing. The stories follow child characters, who find themselves in situations, usually involving monsters. From 1992 to 1997,62 books were published under the Goosebumps umbrella title, another series, Goosebumps Gold, was never released. Goosebumps has spawned a series and merchandise, as well as a feature film. Since the release of its first novel, Welcome to Dead House, in July 1992, individual books in the series have been listed in several bestseller lists, including the New York Times Best Seller list for children. The Goosebumps series falls under the fiction, horror and thriller genres. Each book features different child characters and settings, the primary protagonists are middle class and can be either male or female. The primary protagonists of a Goosebumps story are situated in a remote location or somehow isolated from typical societal conventions. This can range anywhere from comfortable suburban areas to boarding schools, books typically feature characters who either recently moved to a new neighborhood or are sent to stay with relatives. The books in the Goosebumps series feature similar plot structures with fictional children being involved in scary situations, the books are mostly written in first person narrative, often concluding with twist endings. They contain surreal horror, with characters encountering the strange and supernatural, the author has plot devices that he follows throughout his Goosebumps books. Stine says he does not have any death in his stories, and he attributed the success of his books to their absence of drugs, depravity and violence. Books and characters in the series were inspired by books and films, for example, the character Slappy the Dummy was inspired by the literary classic The Adventures of Pinocchio. Some of Stines ideas for the books came from real life, Stine got the idea for the book The Haunted Mask after his son. Stine also uses his childhood fears to help him write his books, the author said, Luckily, I have a great memory. As I write a story, I can remember what it feels like to be afraid, Stine states that he often thinks of a title to a novel first, then lets the title lead him to a story. Two common themes in the series are children triumphing over evil and children facing horrid or frightening situations and using their own wit, Stine does not attempt to incorporate moral lessons into his novels, and says his books are strictly reading motivation. Following the success of Stines young adult novels, the co-founder of Parachute Press, Joan Waricha
28.
J. K. Rowling
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Joanne Jo Rowling, OBE, FRSL, pen names J. K. Rowling and Robert Galbraith, is a British novelist, screenwriter and film producer best known as the author of the Harry Potter fantasy series. The books have gained attention, won multiple awards. There were six sequels, the last, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, Rowling has lived a rags to riches life story, in which she progressed from living on state benefits to multi-millionaire status within five years. She is the United Kingdoms best-selling living author, with sales in excess of £238M, the 2016 Sunday Times Rich List estimated Rowlings fortune at £600 million, ranking her as the joint 197th richest person in the UK. Time magazine named her as a runner-up for its 2007 Person of the Year, noting the social, moral, in October 2010, Rowling was named the Most Influential Woman in Britain by leading magazine editors. She has supported charities including Comic Relief, One Parent Families, Multiple Sclerosis Society of Great Britain, although she writes under the pen name J. K. Rowling, her name, before her remarriage, was simply Joanne Rowling. Anticipating that the audience of young boys might not want to read a book written by a woman. As she had no name, she chose K as the second initial of her pen name. Following her marriage, she has used the name Joanne Murray when conducting personal business. During the Leveson Inquiry she gave evidence under the name of Joanne Kathleen Rowling and her entry in Whos Who lists her name also as Joanne Kathleen Rowling. Rowling was born to Peter James Rowling, a Rolls-Royce aircraft engineer, and Anne Rowling and her parents first met on a train departing from Kings Cross Station bound for Arbroath in 1964. They married on 14 March 1965, One of her maternal great-grandfathers, Dugald Campbell, was Scottish, born in Lamlash on the Isle of Arran. Her mothers paternal grandfather, Louis Volant, was French, and was awarded the Croix de Guerre for exceptional bravery in defending the village of Courcelles-le-Comte during the First World War. Rowling originally believed he had won the Légion dhonneur during the war, as she said when she received it herself in 2009. She later discovered the truth when featured in an episode of the UK genealogy series Who Do You Think You Are. in which she found out it was a different Louis Volant who won the Legion of Honour. Rowlings sister Dianne was born at their home when Rowling was 23 months old, the family moved to the nearby village Winterbourne when Rowling was four. She attended St Michaels Primary School, a school founded by abolitionist William Wilberforce and her headmaster at St Michaels, Alfred Dunn, has been suggested as the inspiration for the Harry Potter headmaster Albus Dumbledore. As a child, Rowling often wrote stories which she frequently read to her sister
29.
Harry Potter
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Harry Potter is a series of fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling. The novels chronicle the life of a wizard, Harry Potter. Since the release of the first novel, Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone, on 26 June 1997, the series has now been translated into multiple languages including French, Irish, Spanish, German and Swedish to name a few. They have attracted a wide audience as well as younger readers. The series has also had its share of criticism, including concern about the dark tone as the series progressed, as well as the often gruesome. As of May 2013, the books have more than 500 million copies worldwide, making them the best-selling book series in history. The series was published in English by two major publishers, Bloomsbury in the United Kingdom and Scholastic Press in the United States. The original seven books were adapted into a film series by Warner Bros. Pictures, which has become the second highest-grossing film series of all time as of August 2015, in 2016, the total value of the Harry Potter franchise was estimated at $25 billion, making Harry Potter one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time. A series of genres, including fantasy, drama, coming of age and the British school story. According to Rowling, the theme is death. Other major themes in the series include prejudice, corruption, Rowling updates the series with new information and insight, and a pentalogy of spin-off films premiering in November 2016, among many other developments. Most recently, themed attractions, collectively known as The Wizarding World of Harry Potter, have built at several Universal Parks & Resorts amusement parks around the world. The wizarding world exists parallel to the Muggle world, albeit hidden and his magical ability is inborn and children with such abilities are invited to attend exclusive magic schools that teach the necessary skills to succeed in the wizarding world. Harry becomes a student at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, each novel chronicles one year in Harrys life during the period from 1991 to 1998. The books also contain many flashbacks, which are experienced by Harry viewing the memories of other characters in a device called a Pensieve. The environment Rowling created is intimately connected to reality, the full background to this event and Harry Potters past is revealed gradually through the series. After the introductory chapter, the book leaps forward to a time shortly before Harry Potters eleventh birthday, Harrys first contact with the wizarding world is through a half-giant, Rubeus Hagrid, Keeper of Keys and Grounds at Hogwarts
30.
Warner Bros.
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Entertainment Inc. – colloquially known as Warner Bros. or Warner Bros. It is one of the Big Six major American film studios, Warner Bros. is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America. The companys name originated from the four founding Warner brothers, Harry, Albert, Sam, Jack, the youngest, was born in London, Ontario. The three elder brothers began in the theater business, having acquired a movie projector with which they showed films in the mining towns of Pennsylvania. In the beginning, Sam and Albert Warner invested $150 to present Life of an American Fireman and they opened their first theater, the Cascade, in New Castle, Pennsylvania, in 1903. When the original building was in danger of being demolished, the modern Warner Bros. called the current building owners, the owners noted people across the country had asked them to protect it for its historical significance. In 1904, the Warners founded the Pittsburgh-based Duquesne Amusement & Supply Company, in 1912, Harry Warner hired an auditor named Paul Ashley Chase. By the time of World War I they had begun producing films, in 1918 they opened the first Warner Bros. studio on Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood. Sam and Jack produced the pictures, while Harry and Albert, along with their auditor and now controller Chase, handled finance and distribution in New York City. During World War I their first nationally syndicated film, My Four Years in Germany, on April 4,1923, with help from money loaned to Harry by his banker Motley Flint, they formally incorporated as Warner Brothers Pictures, Incorporated. The first important deal was the acquisition of the rights to Avery Hopwoods 1919 Broadway play, The Gold Diggers, however, Rin Tin Tin, a dog brought from France after World War I by an American soldier, established their reputation. Rin Tin Tin debuted in the feature Where the North Begins, the movie was so successful that Jack signed the dog to star in more films for $1,000 per week. Rin Tin Tin became the top star. Jack nicknamed him The Mortgage Lifter and the success boosted Darryl F. Zanucks career, Zanuck eventually became a top producer and between 1928 and 1933 served as Jacks right-hand man and executive producer, with responsibilities including day-to-day film production. More success came after Ernst Lubitsch was hired as head director, lubitschs film The Marriage Circle was the studios most successful film of 1924, and was on The New York Times best list for that year. Despite the success of Rin Tin Tin and Lubitsch, Warners remained a lesser studio, Sam and Jack decided to offer Broadway actor John Barrymore the lead role in Beau Brummel. The film was so successful that Harry signed Barrymore to a contract, like The Marriage Circle. By the end of 1924, Warner Bros. was arguably Hollywoods most successful independent studio, as the studio prospered, it gained backing from Wall Street, and in 1924 Goldman Sachs arranged a major loan
31.
The Case of the Stuttering Bishop
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The Case of the Stuttering Bishop is a 1937 drama film directed by William Clemens. It stars Donald Woods as Perry Mason and Ann Dvorak as Della Street, edward McWade plays the role of stuttering Bishop William Mallory. It is the sixth and final film in the Warner Bros and it is based on the novel The Case of the Stuttering Bishop by Erle Stanley Gardner. Perry is asked by an Australian Bishop to take the case of a woman who was accused of manslaughter 22 years ago. During his investigations Perry gets involved in another murder for which Ida, brownley Veda Ann Borg as Gladys George Lloyd as Peter Sacks In September 1937 Warner Bros. produced the Looney Tunes cartoon, The Case of the Stuttering Pig, featuring Porky Pig. Although a lawyer figures in the story, the cartoon has no relationship to the Warner Bros, Perry Mason feature that inspired its clever title. This is a release, available exclusively through Warners online store
32.
The Case of the Howling Dog
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The Case of the Howling Dog is a 1934 American mystery film directed by Alan Crosland, based on the novel of the same name by Erle Stanley Gardner. The film stars Warren William and Mary Astor and this was the first in a series of four films in which William played Perry Mason. Perry explains how Cartwright should word his odd bequest and after receiving a retainer fee, gives him a form to fill out. When Perry receives the form the next day, Cartwright has changed the beneficiary to Foleys actual wife, the fee paid by Cartwright obligates Perry to legally and morally represent the real Mrs. Foley to the best of his ability. Foley attempts to file a complaint of insanity against Cartwright, claiming he is a homicidal maniac whose bizarre behavior prompted most of Foleys household staff to quit, a sheriffs deputy is assigned to investigate the complaint. He and Perry accompany Foley back to his house, where Perry questions why an addition to his garage is being built for yet another car if his chauffeur has quit. When they ask to talk to Foleys wife Evelyn, Lucy tells them that she has just packed her bags, a note left behind states that she loves Cartwright and is going away with him. Perry goes next door and finds that Cartwright has also disappeared overnight, a telegram sent from Ventura and signed by Evelyn is sent to Foley asking him to stop his actions. Perrys private detectives investigate and learn that Evelyn was actually Cartwrights wife who ran away with Foley when they were friends in Santa Barbara with Foley, Lucy was Foleys private secretary then, unbeknownst to Evelyn. One of Perrys men is assigned to watch Foleys house and sees Lucy drive away with an unknown man, a cab arrives with a woman in black. When Foley shows annoyance that she him, she tells him that she wants justice. Two shots are fired, killing the dog and Foley, followed by the slamming of the door. Perry arrives for a meeting with Foley and discovers the bodies and he sends his secretary, Della Street, to impersonate Bessie and claim the handkerchief before the cabbie turns it in. Perry warns her that she is going to be arrested for Foleys murder, during the trial, Perry discredits the cab drivers identification of his passenger when he demonstrates that he misidentified Della as Bessie. Just then, workers excavating the foundation of the garage addition discover the bodies of Cartwright and Evelyn, after the trial, Perry presents Bessie with a dog that looks just like the dead animal, and the dog delightedly greets Bessie. Perry states that when the howling suddenly stopped, he searched kennels in the area and he gives Bessie the dog and orders her not to tell anyone what really happened. Perry later tells Della that he is sure that whatever Bessie did was in self-defense, carl Cooper Addison Richards as Judge Markham James P
33.
The Case of the Curious Bride
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The Case of the Curious Bride is a 1935 mystery film, the second in a series starring Warren William as Perry Mason, following The Case of the Howling Dog. The script was based on the 1934 novel of the name by Erle Stanley Gardner, published by William Morrow and Company. The movie marked Errol Flynns first appearance in a Hollywood film and he appears twice, as a corpse and in flashback towards the end. Rhoda Montaine learns that her first husband, Gregory Moxley, is alive, which makes things awkward for her, since she has remarried Carl. She turns to Perry Mason for help, but when he goes to see Moxley, the same month they announced they had purchased the film rights to Captain Blood, which would also star Errol Flynn. Warners had earlier bought the rights to Gardners Case of the Howling Dog, alan Crosland was originally announced as director but the job eventually went to Michael Curtiz. Errol Flynn, described as an Irish leading man of the London stage was signed in February, the Chicago Daily Tribune praised the films laudable speed and suspense. The Los Angeles Times liked Williams performance but thought his character was almost too darn clever and this is a manufacture-on-demand release, available exclusively through Warners online store and only in the US. The Case of the Curious Bride at the TCM Movie Database The Case of the Curious Bride at the Internet Movie Database The Case of the Curious Bride at AllMovie
34.
Claire Dodd
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Claire Dodd was an American film actress. As Dorothy Dodd, she attended school in Baxter, when her parents later separated in Montana, she went to California, where she worked as a model in Los Angeles and auditioned for minor film roles. While working as a model in Los Angeles, she was cast as a Goldwyn Girl in Eddie Cantors movie Whoopee, which was produced by Florenz Ziegfeld. Ziegfeld offered Dodd a part in his next Broadway musical, Smiles and she joined the Ziegfeld Follies and moved to New York City, where she studied singing and dancing. While there, the actress was signed to a Paramount contract by Darryl F. Zanuck. Some confusion has led to Dodds birthplace being listed as Des Moines, early in her career, Dodd applied for a passport in preparation for a trip to Europe, and was reported as saying she only knew she was born in Iowa. Whether an attempted bit of publicity, she wound up with plenty in her home state and my early childhood is just a blur to me, she once said. I dont remember a thing about Iowa, Im sorry to say, I was so small when I left there. Dodd had numerous relatives who lived in and around Baxter when her apparent memory lapse was reported in the Register & Tribunes Iowa News Service on April 29,1935. Locals were in an uproar for a time, spurred on by newspaper editorials taking the incident as an insult to a town in rural Iowa. Deputy Jasper County Clerk John B. Norris quickly sent a copy of her birth certificate to Dodd by registered mail to end the question. Dodd went on to work at Warner Brothers, Paramount and Universal studios in more than sixty films over a dozen years, Dodd was usually type-cast as the other woman, a femme fatale, siren, seductress, mistress, blackmailer, or otherwise scheming blonde. She twice played secretary Della Street to Warren Williams Perry Mason, in The Case of the Curious Bride, in the latter movie Dodds character was the only Della to wed Perry Mason. One of her last films was Abbott and Costellos In the Navy, Claire Dodd was Hollywoods mystery girl in the 1930s - a label she acquired because she was good at keeping her personal and professional lives separate. In 1931, Dodd married John Milton Strauss, an investment banker and she gave birth to her first child Jon Michael Strauss in 1936, which surprised much of Hollywood society as they didnt even know she was married. She retired from acting and married her second husband H and they had four children, a daughter, and three sons. She died at her home in Beverly Hills, California from cancer and she is buried in the Brand Family Cemetery on the grounds of the Brand Library and Art Center in Glendale, California. When Dorothy forgot, Theres no place like home, Sunday Times-Republican Past Times, November 17,1996, Marshalltown, Claire Dodd at the Internet Movie Database Claire Dodd at AllMovie Claire Dodd at Find a Grave
35.
Errol Flynn
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Errol Leslie Flynn was an Australian-born actor who achieved fame in Hollywood after 1935. He was known for his romantic roles in Hollywood films, as well as frequent partnerships with Olivia De Havilland. Errol Leslie Flynn was born in a suburb of Hobart, Tasmania and his mother was born Lily Mary Young, but shortly after marrying Theodore at St. Johns Church of England, Birchgrove, Sydney, on 23 January 1909, she changed her first name to Marelle. Flynn described his mothers family as seafaring folk and this appears to be where his lifelong interest in boats, both of his parents were native-born Australians of Irish, English, and Scottish descent. Despite Flynns claims, the evidence indicates that he was not descended from any of the Bounty mutineers and his formal education ended with his expulsion from Shore for theft, and, he later claimed, for a sexual encounter with the schools laundress. He spent the five years oscillating between the New Guinea frontier territory and Sydney. In January 1931, he engaged to Naomi Campbell-Dibbs, the youngest daughter of Mr and Mrs R Campbell-Dibbs of Temora and Bowral NSW. Chauvel was looking for someone to play the role of Fletcher Christian, there are different stories how Errol Flynn was cast. According to one, Chauvel saw his picture in an article about a wreck involving Flynn. The most popular account is that he was discovered by cast member John Warwick, the film was not a strong success at the box office, but it was the lead role and seemed to ignite Flynns interest in acting. In late 1933 he returned to Britain to pursue a career in acting, Northampton is home to an art-house cinema named after him, the Errol Flynn Filmhouse. He performed at the 1934 Malvern Festival and in Glasgow, in 1934 Flynn was dismissed from Northampton Rep. after he threw a female stage manager down a stairwell. Asher cast him as the lead in Murder at Monte Carlo, the movie was not widely seen ), but Asher was enthusiastic about Flynns performance and cabled Warner Bros in Hollywood, recommending him for a contract. Executives agreed, and Flynn was sent out to Los Angeles, on the ship from London, Flynn met Lili Damita, an actress five years his senior whose contacts proved valuable when Flynn arrived in Los Angeles. Warner Bros publicity described him as an Irish leading man of the London stage and his first appearance was a small role in The Case of the Curious Bride. Flynn had two scenes, one as a corpse and one in flashback and his next part was slightly bigger, in Dont Bet on Blondes, a B-picture screwball comedy. Warner Bros were preparing a big budget movie, Captain Blood, based on the novel by Rafael Sabatini. They originally intended to cast Robert Donat but he turned down the role, Warners considered a number of other actors, including Leslie Howard and conducted screen tests of those they had under contract, such as Flynn
36.
The Case of the Lucky Legs
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The Case of the Lucky Legs is a 1935 mystery film, the third in a series of Perry Mason films starring Warren William as the famed lawyer. Margie Clune wins the Lucky Legs beauty contest concocted by Frank Patton and it turns out it is all a scam he has pulled before. When he later turns up stabbed to death, she is a strong suspect, Warren William as Perry Mason Genevieve Tobin as Della Street Patricia Ellis as Margie Clune Lyle Talbot as Dr. Movies Collection. This is a release, available exclusively through Warners online store
37.
Genevieve Tobin
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Genevieve Tobin was an American actress. Tobin was born in New York City on November 29,1899 and her father, Thomas Tobin, a bank clerk who later became a racetrack bookmaker, was born in Nova Scotia, Canada and her mother, Genevieve, was born in Washington, DC. She had a sister Vivian and a brother George, Tobin made her film debut in 1910 in Uncle Toms Cabin as Eva. She appeared in a few films as a child and formed an act with her sister Vivian. Their brother, George, also had an acting career. Following her education in Paris and New York, Tobin concentrated on a career in New York. Although she was seen most often in comedies, she played the role of Cordelia in a Broadway production of King Lear in 1923. Popular with audiences, she was praised by critics for her appearance and style rather than for her talent. She introduced and popularized the Cole Porter song You Do Something to Me, and the success of the role led her back to Hollywood and she played secretary Della Street to Warren Williams Perry Mason in The Case of the Lucky Legs. One of her most successful performances was as a housewife in the drama The Petrified Forest, starring Leslie Howard, Bette Davis. She married the director William Keighley in 1938 and made only a few films, her final film before retirement was No Time for Comedy, with James Stewart. The Movie Makers Octopus Books, p 97
38.
The Case of the Black Cat
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The Case of the Black Cat is a 1936 mystery film, based on the novel The Case of the Caretakers Cat by Erle Stanley Gardner. The film stars Ricardo Cortez as Perry Mason, and co-stars June Travis, the film is the first in the series not to feature Warren William as Mason. Mason is summoned to the Laxter mansion in the dead of night to write granddaughter Wilma out of invalid Peter Laxters will, to keep her from marrying suspected fortune hunter Doug. Peter dies in a fire and Laxters two grandsons, Sam Laxter and Frank Oafley, inherit his estate on the condition old caretaker Schuster. When cat-hating Sam threatens Clinker, Perry steps in and learns Laxters death was suspicious and this is a manufacture-on-demand release, available exclusively through Warners online store and only in the US. The Case of the Black Cat at the Internet Movie Database
39.
June Travis
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June Travis was an American film actress. Born as June Dorothea Grabiner, she was the daughter of Harry Grabiner and she had dark brown hair and green eyes. She attended Parkside Grammar School in Chicago and later UCLA, when she returned to Illinois, she matriculated at the University of Chicago. On January 3,1940, June married Fred Friedlob and they had two daughters, Cathy and June. Friedlob died in May 1979 in Chicago, a Paramount Pictures vice-president noticed her in Miami, Florida, at a White Sox exhibition game. He offered Travis a screen test when she came to Pasadena, California, the first time she was presented with a screen contract, she suffered from screen fright and turned it down. She returned to Chicago and school, the next winter, she accepted a film studio offer in Palm Springs, California. Travis made her debut in Stranded, a film which starred Kay Francis. She played the role of Mary Rand and she followed this with a part in Not On Your Life, with Warren William and Claire Dodd. Howard Hawks directed her in Ceiling Zero, a Warner Bros. feature, in preparation for her role, Travis learned flying, navigation, and parachute jumping from Amelia Earhart. The aviator gave her instructions in September 1935, the film stars James Cagney and Pat OBrien. Also in 1936, she portrayed secretary Della Street to Perry Mason as played by Ricardo Cortez in The Case of the Black Cat and she was Ronald Reagans leading lady in his first movie, Love Is on the Air, in 1937. Her most notable role was likely in The Star starring Bette Davis. Travis became known as the Queen of the B-movies on the Warner Bros. lot, later, she said that if she had remained in Hollywood two more years, she would have been a star. However, following three years, she came home to Chicago for Christmas with her parents and she did not return to making motion pictures. Travis stopped regularly appearing in films after 1938, though she made appearances in The Star. Travis played Stormy Wilson Curtis in the soap opera Girl Alone. By the late 1970s, Travis was performing on stage and she admitted that the transition from acting on film was a difficult one
40.
Ann Dvorak
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Ann Dvorak was an American stage and film actress. Asked how to pronounce her adopted surname, she told The Literary Digest in 1936, I have had quite a time with the name, having been called practically everything from Balzac to Bickelsrock. Anna McKim was born in New York City in 1911 to silent film actress Anna Lehr, while in New York, she attended St. Catherines Convent. After moving to California, she attended Page School for Girls in Hollywood and she made her film debut when she was 5 years old in the silent film version of Ramona and was credited Baby Anna Lehr. She continued in roles in The Man Hater and Five Dollar Plate. Her parents separated in 1916 and divorced in 1920, and she didnt see her again until 13 years later when she made a public plea to the press to help her find him. In the late 1920s, Dvorak worked as a dance instructor and her friend Karen Morley introduced her to Howard Hughes, who groomed her as a dramatic actress. Known for her style and elegance, she was a leading lady for Warner Bros. during the 1930s. At age 19, Dvorak eloped with Leslie Fenton, her English co-star from The Strange Love of Molly Louvain and they left for a year-long honeymoon without giving adequate notice to the studio and in spite of her contractual obligations. This led to a period of litigation and pay dispute during which she discovered she was making the same amount of money as the boy who played her son in Three on a Match. She completed her contract on permanent suspension and then worked as a freelancer, but although she worked regularly and she appeared as secretary Della Street to Donald Woods Perry Mason in The Case of the Stuttering Bishop. With her then-husband, Leslie Fenton, Dvorak traveled to England where she supported the war effort by working as an ambulance driver and she appeared as a saloon singer in Abilene Town, released in 1946. The following year she showed she could handle comedy well by giving a performance in Out of the Blue. Dvoraks marriage to Fenton ended in divorce in 1946, in 1947, she married her second husband, Igor Dega, a Russian dancer who danced with her briefly in The Bachelors Daughters. The marriage ended in two years later. Dvorak retired from the screen in 1951, when she married her third and last husband, Nicholas Wade, in 1959, she and her husband moved to Hawaii, a place she had always loved. Several weeks before her death, Dvorak suffered severe stomach pains and she was diagnosed with cancer that had metastasized beyond cure. She died on December 10,1979, aged 68, in Honolulu and she was cremated and her ashes scattered off Waikiki Beach
41.
May Robson
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Mary Jeanette Robison known professionally as May Robson, was an Australian-born American-based actress, whose career spanned 58 years, starting in 1883 when she was 25 years of age. Robson was the person to enjoy a major Hollywood career and receive an Academy Award nomination. She was also the first Australian to be nominated for an Oscar, mary Jeanette Robison was born on 19 April 1858 in Moama, New South Wales, Australia, in what Robson described as the Australian bush. She was the child of Henry and Julia Robison, her siblings were WIlliams, James. Henry Robison was born in Penrith, Cumberland, England and lived in Liverpool and he served 24 years in the foreign trade of the British Merchant Navy as a mate and a sea captain. Robison retired at half-pay due to his health and traveled with Julia Robison to Melbourne. By April 1855, Henry was a watchmaker, jeweller, silversmith, according to Robson, her parents both suffered from phthisis pulmonalis, and moved to the bush for their heath. Henry bought a brick mansion in Moama, New South Wales in August 1857. From there, he co-operated Robison and Stivens, coach proprietors for the Bendigo - Moama - Deniliquin service, the hotel was Robsons first home. Henry Robison died in Moama Maidens Punt on 27 January 1860, on 19 November 1862, Julia married Walter Moore Miller, solicitor and mayor of Albury, New South Wales at St Pauls Cathedral, Melbourne. Julia, Walter, and the four moved to Melbourne in 1866. Miller was a partner with De Courcy Ireland in the firm of Miller and Ireland in Melbourne in November 1867, and until 20 January 1870, in 1870, the family moved to London. Robson attended Sacred Heart Convent School at Highgate, north London and she went to Paris for her examinations in French. According to her obituary, Robson was also educated in Australia, Robson ran away from home to marry her first husband,18 year-old Charles Leveson Gore, in London. They were married on 1 November 1875 at the church in Camden Town. The couple traveled on the steamer SS Vaderland and arrived in New York on 17 May 1877, the Gores purchased 380 acres of land in Fort Worth, Texas where they built a house and established a cattle ranch. They moved to New York City with little money and Robson says that shortly after, Robson produced crocheted hoods and embroidery, designed dinner cards, and taught painting to support her three children. By the time she began her career in 1883, two of Robsons three children had died due to illness
