1.
Album
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Album, is a collection of audio recordings issued as a single item on CD, record, audio tape, or another medium. Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl, an album may be recorded in a recording studio, in a concert venue, at home, in the field, or a mix of places. Recording may take a few hours to years to complete, usually in several takes with different parts recorded separately. Recordings that are done in one take without overdubbing are termed live, the majority of studio recordings contain an abundance of editing, sound effects, voice adjustments, etc. With modern recording technology, musicians can be recorded in separate rooms or at times while listening to the other parts using headphones. Album covers and liner notes are used, and sometimes additional information is provided, such as analysis of the recording, historically, the term album was applied to a collection of various items housed in a book format. In musical usage the word was used for collections of pieces of printed music from the early nineteenth century. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, the LP record, or 33 1⁄3 rpm microgroove vinyl record, is a gramophone record format introduced by Columbia Records in 1948. It was adopted by the industry as a standard format for the album. Apart from relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound capability, the term album had been carried forward from the early nineteenth century when it had been used for collections of short pieces of music. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, as part of a trend of shifting sales in the music industry, some commenters have declared that the early 21st century experienced the death of the album. Sometimes shorter albums are referred to as mini-albums or EPs, Albums such as Tubular Bells, Amarok, Hergest Ridge by Mike Oldfield, and Yess Close to the Edge, include fewer than four tracks. There are no rules against artists such as Pinhead Gunpowder referring to their own releases under thirty minutes as albums. These are known as box sets, material is stored on an album in sections termed tracks, normally 11 or 12 tracks. A music track is a song or instrumental recording. The term is associated with popular music where separate tracks are known as album tracks. When vinyl records were the medium for audio recordings a track could be identified visually from the grooves
2.
The Fall (band)
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The Fall are an English post-punk band, formed in 1976 in Prestwich, Lancashire. They have undergone many line up changes, with Mark E. Smith as the founder, the Falls long term musicians have included bassist Steve Hanley, drummers Paul Hanley and Karl Burns, and guitarists Marc Riley, Craig Scanlon and Brix Smith. First associated with the late 1970s punk movement, the Falls music has undergone numerous stylistic changes, while the Fall have never achieved widespread success beyond minor hit singles in the late 1980s, they have maintained a strong cult following. The Fall have been called the most prolific band of the British post-punk movement and they have released thirty-one studio albums as of 2015, and more than three times that number when live albums and compilations are taken into account. The Fall were formed in Prestwich, Lancashire in 1976 by Mark E. Smith, Martin Bramah, Una Baines, the four friends would meet to read their writings to each other and take drugs. Their musical influences included Can, The Velvet Underground, Captain Beefheart and garage bands like The Monks. The members were devoted readers, with Smith citing H. P, lovecraft, Raymond Chandler and Malcolm Lowry among his favourite writers. After seeing the Sex Pistols play Manchesters Lesser Free Trade Hall in June 1976, Smith wanted to name the group The Outsiders, but Friel came up with the name The Fall after a 1956 novel by Albert Camus. Smith became the singer, Bramah the guitarist, Friel played bass guitar and Baines bashed biscuit tins instead of drums, unable to afford buying a drum kit, the Falls music was intentionally raw and repetitive. The song Repetition, declaring that weve repetition in the music, the group played its first concert on 23 May 1977 at the North West Arts basement. The bands first drummer was remembered only as Dave or Steve for thirty-four years, Ormrod lasted just one show, at least in part due to political differences with the other members of the group. He was replaced by Karl Burns, whom Friel played with in a band Nuclear Angel, the Fall soon caught attention of Buzzcocks manager Richard Boon, who funded their first recording session. And in November 1977 they recorded material for their debut EP, Boon planned to release the EP on his New Hormones label, but after discovering that he could not afford to release the EP, he gave the tapes back to the group. The Falls line-up underwent first drastic changes in 1977–78, kay Carroll, Una Bainess friend and colleague at the psychiatric hospital, became the groups manager and occasional backing vocalist, as well as Smiths girlfriend. Friel, unhappy with Carrolls management, left in December 1977 and he was briefly replaced by Jonnie Brown and later Eric McGann. 16-year-old Marc Riley, the roadie, was eventually recruited to the group to play bass guitar. Finally was released in August 1978 on Step Forward Records, the single Its the New Thing followed in November 1978, and in December The Fall recorded their debut album Live at the Witch Trials, which was released in March 1979. Burns quit the group shortly after the album was recorded, and was replaced by Mike Leigh from Rockin Ricky, a cabaret band
3.
Manchester
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Manchester is a major city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England, with a population of 514,414 as of 2013. It lies within the United Kingdoms second-most populous urban area, with a population of 2.55 million, Manchester is fringed by the Cheshire Plain to the south, the Pennines to the north and east and an arc of towns with which it forms a continuous conurbation. The local authority is Manchester City Council and it was historically a part of Lancashire, although areas of Cheshire south of the River Mersey were incorporated during the 20th century. Throughout the Middle Ages Manchester remained a township but began to expand at an astonishing rate around the turn of the 19th century. Manchesters unplanned urbanisation was brought on by a boom in textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution, Manchester achieved city status in 1853. The Manchester Ship Canal opened in 1894, creating the Port of Manchester and its fortunes declined after the Second World War, owing to deindustrialisation. The city centre was devastated in a bombing in 1996, but it led to extensive investment, in 2014, the Globalization and World Cities Research Network ranked Manchester as a beta world city, the highest-ranked British city apart from London. Manchester is the third-most visited city in the UK and it is notable for its architecture, culture, musical exports, media links, scientific and engineering output, social impact, sports clubs and transport connections. Manchester Liverpool Road railway station was the worlds first inter-city passenger railway station and in the city scientists first split the atom, the name Manchester originates from the Latin name Mamucium or its variant Mancunium and the citizens are still referred to as Mancunians. These are generally thought to represent a Latinisation of an original Brittonic name, both meanings are preserved in languages derived from Common Brittonic, mam meaning breast in Irish and mother in Welsh. The suffix -chester is a survival of Old English ceaster and their territory extended across the fertile lowland of what is now Salford and Stretford. Central Manchester has been settled since this time. A stabilised fragment of foundations of the version of the Roman fort is visible in Castlefield. After the Roman withdrawal and Saxon conquest, the focus of settlement shifted to the confluence of the Irwell, much of the wider area was laid waste in the subsequent Harrying of the North. Thomas de la Warre, lord of the manor, founded and constructed a church for the parish in 1421. The church is now Manchester Cathedral, the premises of the college house Chethams School of Music. The library, which opened in 1653 and is open to the public today, is the oldest free public reference library in the United Kingdom. Manchester is mentioned as having a market in 1282, around the 14th century, Manchester received an influx of Flemish weavers, sometimes credited as the foundation of the regions textile industry
4.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
5.
Fall in a Hole
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Fall in a Hole is a live album by The Fall, released in 1983 on the Flying Nun label of New Zealand. The album was recorded at the last show of the groups 1982 tour of Australia, the album immediately became a highly valued collectors item. Often referred to as simply In a Hole, the album has been reissued on CD three times, the first attempt being mastered from a bootleg copy, complete with uncorrected vinyl skips. A2002 reissue was remastered from a vinyl copy and also added additional tracks from other dates on the tour. The most recent incarnation duplicated the musical content of the 2002 edition exactly but restored the original title, impression of J. -5,28 Look, Know -5,12 Who Makes The Nazis. -8,36 Gramme Friday -3,46 Slates, Slags etc -8,06 All writing credits are as per the 2006 edition
6.
The Wonderful and Frightening World Of...
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The Wonderful and Frightening World Of. is the seventh album by the Fall, released in October 1984. It was the bands first album with the successful Beggars Banquet label, brix Smith co-wrote around half of the tracks. Paul Hanley left the band immediately after the accompanying UK tour, the album was produced by John Leckie. Three older, previously abandoned songs were revisited during these sessions, brother and Copped It dated back to the groups earliest incarnation, and Draygos Guilt was being performed live in 1981. The albums cover artwork was painted by Danish-born artist Claus Castenskiold, over the clattering din and Smiths lyrics in places as coruscating and side-splittingly hilarious and portray a Disneyland scenario in hell, overall his view is that it is a smart, varied album. Ryan Schreiber in a Pitchfork review described it as one the highlights of The Falls career full of artsy and other-worldly songs ranging from bouncy, sex Pistols- meets- Plastic Bertrand new-waviness to refreshing pop rock. The album reached #62 in the UK charts in September 1984
7.
Brix Smith Start
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Brix Smith Start is an American singer, guitarist and television presenter, best known for being a member of post-punk band The Fall, and later as a UK TV fashion pundit. Smith Start was raised in Los Angeles by her mother Lucy Salenger, mother and daughter moved to Chicago in 1972 when Salenger married political economist Marvin Zonis and became a powerful regional figure in the film business as head of the Illinois Film Office. Smith Start met The Fall vocalist Mark E. Smith at a Chicago concert in April 1983, and moved to his native United Kingdom and she joined the group on guitar and vocals for the album Perverted by Language. Acknowledged for introducing a more mainstream, pop-orientated element to the groups sound, Smith rejoined for the recording and live promotion of the albums Cerebral Caustic and The Light User Syndrome. In 1985, Smith Start launched side project The Adult Net with fellow Fall member, the group released four singles for The Falls label Beggars Banquet Records in 1985 and 1986, including a cover of Strawberry Alarm Clocks Incense and Peppermints. The Adult Net released The Honey Tangle in 1989 on Phonogram Records and this line up included Craig Gannon, The The member James Eller and Blondie drummer Clem Burke. Smith Start reunited with former Fall members Steve Hanley and Paul Hanley as Brix & The Extricated for a gig at the Manchester Ruby Lounge in December 2014. They played Fall songs to celebrate the launch of Steve Hanley’s book The Big Midweek, the success of the concert saw the band start performing more gigs and in 2015 a national UK tour. They played the Rebellion Festival in August 2016 where Brix was interviewed by John Robb, by this time new material was being written and introduced into the set. A single “Something to Lose” was released on Blang Records in November 2016 with a new album expected in 2017. The current line up is, Brix Smith Start, Stephen Hanley, Paul Hanley, Steve Trafford, Jason Brown After leaving The Fall and disbanding The Adult Net, Smith Start went on to tour with The Bangles. She became romantically involved with violinist Nigel Kennedy, and they collaborated on a cover of Donovans Hurdy Gurdy Man which was released as a single in 1993 on Nettwerk. In 1994, Smith Start auditioned for Hole after the death of bassist Kristen Pfaff, in 1997, she released the Happy Unbirthday EP on Strangelove. The EP is a collaboration with Marty Willson-Piper and includes a cover of David Bowies Space Oddity and that year she released solo LP Neurotica as a digital download on Loser Friendly Records. In 2014, she formed the band Brix & The Extricated with former The Fall members Steve Hanley and Paul Hanley. In May 2016, she published her memoir, The Rise, The Fall, And The Rise with Faber & Faber, Smith Start married fashion entrepreneur Philip Start and in 2002 the couple opened boutique Start in East London. Subsequently the business has expanded to four boutiques and an online store, the Shoreditch boutique closed in May 2015. In recent years Smith Start has appeared as an expert on British television shows
8.
Mark E. Smith
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Mark Edward Smith is an English singer, songwriter and musician. He is the singer, lyricist, front man and only constant member of the post-punk group The Fall. He comes from Prestwich, outside Manchester, Smith formed The Fall in 1978 after attending a Sex Pistols gig at the Manchester Free Trade Hall in June 1976. Although hugely talented and charismatic, Smith is famously acerbic and difficult to work with and he has been described by the BBC and others as a national treasure, a bit like the Queen. Born into a working family in Broughton, Salford, Lancashire, England. Originally a Labour supporter, he joined the Socialist Workers Party. He formed The Fall, named after the novel by Camus and he gave up his job as a shipping clerk at Salford docks shortly after to devote his full energies to the band and has continued to do so ever since. Smith married American guitarist, and Fall band member Brix Smith on 19 July 1983 and they divorced in 1989 and he has since remarried twice. His second wife was Saffron Prior who used to work for the Falls fan club and he married his present wife, Eleni Poulou, also called Elenor or Elena, in 2001. Poulou joined the band in September 2002 and resigned in July 2016, when British DJ and Fall supporter John Peel died in 2004, Smith made a notorious appearance on the BBCs Newsnight show. He has made his appreciation for Peel clear in several subsequent interviews, still, the two only met a handful of times. Though he broke his hip while promoting the album The Real New Fall LP in 2004, Smith refused to cancel an upcoming American tour, ultimately, the pain and medication caused a number of dates to be cancelled. In January 2005, Mark E. Smith was the subject of The Fall, The Wonderful and Frightening World of Mark E. Smith, the following August, Smith received the Contribution to Music award at the Diesel-U-Music Awards. Smiths autobiography, Renegade, The Gospel According to Mark E. Smith, alongside his work with the Fall, Smith has released two spoken-word solo albums, The Post-Nearly Man and Pander. Both albums feature readings of Fall lyrics, samples of Fall songs, the line between Smiths solo career and his work with the group remains somewhat blurred. Smith has also appeared as a guest vocalist for Edwyn Collins, Elastica, Gorillaz, Long Fin Killie, Mouse on Mars, Coldcut and Ghostigital. His contribution to Inspiral Carpets 1994 song I Want You won UK top 20 recognition, topped the Festive Fifty, most recently, Smith has worked with Mouse on Mars on the collaboration project Von Südenfed, whose first album, Tromatic Reflexxions, was released on 21 May 2007. Smith more recently provided guest vocals on the Gorillaz album Plastic Beach, on the song Glitter Freeze, and joined the group Shuttleworth to record the World Cup song Englands Heartbeat
9.
Virgin Records
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Virgin Records is a British-founded record label originally founded by English entrepreneurs Richard Branson, Simon Draper, Nik Powell, and musician Tom Newman in 1972. It was later sold to Thorn EMI in 1992, today, the operations of Virgin Records America, Inc. are still active and headquartered in Hollywood, California, as it operates exclusively under the Capitol Music Group since 2007. US artists include Knox Hamilton, LTric and Rise Against, in fact the first real store was above a shoe shop at the Tottenham Court Road end of Oxford Street. After making the shop into a success, they turned their business into a fully fledged record label, the name Virgin, according to Branson, arose from Tessa Watts, a colleague of his, when they were brainstorming business ideas. She suggested Virgin – as they were all new to business – like virgins, the original Virgin logo was designed by English artist and illustrator Roger Dean, a young naked woman in mirror image with a large long-tailed serpent and the word Virgin in Deans familiar script. A variation on the logo was used for the spin-off Caroline Records label and this was soon followed by some notable krautrock releases, including electronic breakthrough album Phaedra by Tangerine Dream, and The Faust Tapes and Faust IV by Faust. The Faust Tapes album retailed for 49p and as a result allowed this relatively unknown band to reach number 12 in the album charts, other early albums include Gongs Flying Teapot, which Daevid Allen has been quoted as having never been paid for. Under the guidance of Tessa Watts, Virgins Head of Publicity, shortly afterwards, the Notting Hill record shop was raided by police for having a window display of the Sex Pistols album Never Mind the Bollocks, Heres the Sex Pistols in the window. After modified versions of the label came the red, white and blue design introduced in 1975. The current Virgin logo was created in 1978, commissioned by Simon Draper, brian Cooke of Cooke Key Associates commissioned a graphic designer to produce a stylised signature. In 1983 Virgin purchased Charisma Records, renaming it Charisma/Virgin, then later Virgin/Charisma, before folding the label in 1986, in the process they acquired Genesis and comedy group Monty Python. The Charisma label was reactivated in the US in 1990 and enjoyed success with such as Maxi Priest, Right Said Fred,38 Special. When this Charisma label was retired in 1992, all of its artists were, as before, in 1987, Venture Records was created for new age and modern classical artists including Klaus Schulze, who had been associated with Virgin since the early 1970s. 10 Records Immortal Records Delabel Caroline Records was a label used from 1973 to 1977. The name and logo were used for some American editions of Virgin records in the 1980s and 1990s. Caroline was primarily used for independent distribution until the label was reactivated in 2013, today, Caroline Records acts as an independent label taking the place of EMI Label Services, after Virgins former parent company EMI was purchased by Universal Music Group. Front Line Records was a label for issuing Jamaican and English reggae music from 1978 to approximately 1987, a short-lived associated label, Dindisc, had Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark and The Monochrome Set during its brief existence, after which its recordings became part of Virgins catalogue. Noo Trybe Records was a hip hop label that existed from 1994 to 1999
10.
The Smiths
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The Smiths were an English rock band formed in Manchester in 1982. The band consisted of vocalist Morrissey, guitarist Johnny Marr, bassist Andy Rourke, critics have called them the most important alternative rock band to emerge from the British independent music scene of the 1980s. The NME named the Smiths the most influential artist ever in a 2002 poll, four of their albums appeared on Rolling Stones list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. They have also released several compilations, and numerous non-LP singles, the Smiths had several singles reach the UK top twenty and all four of their studio albums reached the UK top five, including one which topped the charts. They won a significant following and remain cult favourites, although they had limited success outside the UK while they were still together. The band broke up in 1987 and have turned down offers to reunite. The bands focus on a guitar, bass, and drum sound, Marrs guitar-playing on his Rickenbacker often had a jangly sound reminiscent of Roger McGuinn of the Byrds. Marrs guitar-playing influenced later Manchester bands, including the Stone Roses, Morrissey and Marrs songs combined themes about ordinary people with complex, literate lyrics delivered by Morrissey with a mordant sense of humour. In 2014 and 2015, they were nominated for induction into the Rock, on 31 August 1978, Morrissey was briefly introduced to the 14-year-old Johnny Marr by mutual acquaintances Billy Duffy and Howard Bates at a Patti Smith gig held at Manchesters Apollo Theatre. According to Morrissey, We got on absolutely famously and we were very similar in drive. Conversing, the two found that they were fans of many of the same bands, the next day, Morrissey phoned Marr to confirm that he would be interested in forming a band with him. A few days later, Morrissey and Marr held their first rehearsal in Marrs rented attic room in Bowdon, the next song that they worked on was titled The Hand that Rocks the Cradle, which again was based on lyrics produced by Morrissey. Marr included a tempo which was based on the Patti Smith song Kimberly, the third track that the duo worked on was Suffer Little Children. Around the time of the formation, Morrissey decided that he would be publicly known only by his surname. In 1983 he forbade those around him using the name of Steven. After remaining with the band for rehearsals, Pomfret departed un-amicably. He was replaced by the bass player Dale Hibbert, who worked at Manchesters Decibel Studios and it was through Hibbert that the Smiths were able to record their first demo at Decibel, doing so one night in August 1982. Aided by drummer Simon Wolstencroft, whom Marr had worked with in Freak Party, meanwhile, Morrissey took the demo recording to Factory Records, but Factorys Tony Wilson wasnt interested
11.
Factory Records
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Like the label 4AD Records, Factory Records used a creative team which gave the label and the artists recording for it a particular sound and image. The label employed a unique cataloguing system that gave a not just to its musical releases. At that time there was a label in Manchester called Rabid Records, run by Tosh Ryan. It had several successful acts, including Slaughter & The Dogs, John Cooper Clarke, after his seminal TV series So It Goes, Tony Wilson was interested in the way Rabid Records ran, and was convinced that the real money and power were in album sales. With a lot of discussion, Tony Wilson, Rob Gretton and Alan Erasmus set up Factory Records, the Factory name was first used for a club in May of that year, which featured local bands including The Durutti Column, Cabaret Voltaire from Sheffield, and Joy Division. Peter Saville designed advertising for the club, and in September Factory released an EP of music by acts who had played at the club called A Factory Sample, in 1978, Wilson compered the new wave afternoon at Deeply Vale Festival. The Factory label set up an office in Erasmus home on the first floor of 86 Palatine Road, singles followed by A Certain Ratio and Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark. The first Factory LP, Joy Divisions Unknown Pleasures, was released in June, in January 1980, The Return of the Durutti Column was released, the first in a long series of releases by guitarist Vini Reilly. In May, Joy Division singer Ian Curtis committed suicide shortly before a tour of the USA. The following month saw Joy Divisions single Love Will Tear Us Apart reach the UK top twenty, in late 1980, the remaining members of Joy Division decided to continue as New Order. Hannett left the label, as he had wanted to open a studio instead. Saville also quit as a due to problems with payments. Wilson, Erasmus and Gretton formed Factory Communications Ltd, the Haçienda opened in May 1982. Adjusting bar prices failed to help matters as by the crowds were increasingly preferring ecstasy to alcohol. Therefore the Haçienda ended up costing tens of thousands of pounds every month, in 1983 New Orders Blue Monday became an international chart hit. Saville noted that nobody at Factory expected Blue Monday to be a successful record at all. 1985 saw the first release by Happy Mondays, New Order and Happy Mondays became the most successful bands on the label, bankrolling a host of other projects. Factory, and the Haçienda, became a hub of the emerging techno and acid house genres
12.
Cherry Red Records
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Cherry Red Records is a British independent record label founded by Iain McNay in 1978. The label has released recordings by Dead Kennedys, Everything But the Girl, The Monochrome Set, in addition to releasing new music, Cherry Red also acts as an umbrella for individual imprints and catalogue specialists. Cherry Red is listed by Music Week as one of the UK’s top ten companies in Q12015 for sales of artist albums. Cherry Red grew from the promotion company founded in 1971 to promote rock concerts at the Malvern Winter Gardens. The latter was the labels biggest seller until McNay invested $10,000 in the recording of the studio album by San Franciscan political punk band Dead Kennedys. Fresh Fruit for Rotting Vegetables and its attendant singles sold well worldwide, McNays view aimed for Cherry Red to be a label that offered a space for artists who would otherwise not fit the image of some of the more succinctly defined and stylised independents. Cherry Red Records was always about musical individuality, diversity, character, commitment and passion and they also marketed other smaller independent record labels, like Bristols Heartbeat Records, who recorded the Glaxo Babies. Cherry Reds role as one of the labels of the early 80s independent scene was confirmed by the success of a budget compilation album compiled by Alway. Retailing for 99p, Pillows & Prayers topped the independent charts for several weeks, Cherry Red continued to sign contemporary artists but increasingly moved into the reissue market from the late 1980s onwards. It has a number of subsidiary labels dealing in genre-specific releases, curating many critically unloved musical genres, the company has also signed agreements with a number of specialist reissue labels, which operate with a degree of autonomy using Cherry Reds logistical and financial support. Mark Stratfords RPM Records label focuses on pop music from the 1960s to the advent of punk, esoteric Recordings, headed by Mark Powell, specialises in progressive rock and folk catalogue. Mark Brennan heads 7Ts Records, which reissues albums by that decades glam/glitter generation, él Records continues under the auspices of Mike Alway, alongside other labels including Poker, Giant Steps, Mortarhate, Now Sounds, and Ork. In 2007, the company launched a television service, cherry red TV. It also publishes a magazine and an in-house publishing division. In early 2015, Cherry Red Records and PWL reissued the first four Kylie Minogue albums, Kylie, Enjoy Yourself, Rhythm Of Love and Lets Get To It, as deluxe CD/DVD and LP boxsets. In 2016 Cherry Red had their highest Top 40 chart position and they are also due to release the brand new studio album from Van Der Graaf Generator in September. In June 2008 the Pillows & Prayers box set won the Best Catalogue Release category at that years Mojo Honours. At the 2013 Association of Independent Music Awards, Cherry Red won the Special Catalogue Release award for Scared To Get Happy - a box set that explored indie pop from 1980-1989
13.
John Peel
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John Robert Parker Ravenscroft, OBE, known professionally as John Peel, was an English disc jockey, radio presenter, record producer and journalist. He was the longest serving of the original BBC Radio 1 DJs, fellow DJ Paul Gambaccini described Peel as the most important man in music for about a dozen years. In 2012 he was among the British cultural icons selected by artist Sir Peter Blake to appear in a new version of his most famous artwork – the Beatles Sgt, peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band album cover. Another popular feature of his shows was the annual Festive Fifty countdown of his listeners favourite records of the year. Peel appeared occasionally on British television as one of the presenters of Top of the Pops in the 1980s and he became popular with the audience of BBC Radio 4 for his Home Truths programme, which ran from the 1990s, featuring unusual stories from listeners domestic lives. John Peel was born in Heswall Cottage Hospital in Heswall on the Wirral Peninsula, near Liverpool, the solitary Peel was an avid radio listener and record collector from an early age, cutting his teeth on fare offered by the American Forces Network and Radio Luxembourg. He later recalled an early desire to host a programme of his own so that I could play music that I heard. In his posthumously published autobiography, Peel revealed that he had been raped by an older pupil while at Shrewsbury, whilst in Rochdale Monday to Friday, he stayed in a bed-and-breakfast in the area of Milkstone Road and Drake Street and developed long-term associations with Rochdale through the years. In 1960, aged 21, he went to the United States to work for a producer who had business dealings with his father. Once this job finished, he took a number of others, including working as an insurance salesman. While in Dallas, Texas, where the company he worked for was based, he conversed with the presidential candidate John F. Kennedy. Johnson, who were touring the city during the 1960 election campaign and he later phoned in the story to the Liverpool Echo. While working for the company, Peel wrote programs for punched card entry for an IBM1410 computer. There, he presented the second hour of the Monday night programme Kats Karavan, following this, and as Beatlemania hit the United States, Peel got a job with the Dallas radio station KLIF as the official Beatles correspondent on the strength of his connection to Liverpool. He later worked for KOMA in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, until 1965 when he moved to KMEN in San Bernardino, California, using the name John Ravencroft to present the breakfast show. While in Dallas, in 1965, he married his first wife, Shirley Anne Milburn, then aged 15, the marriage was never happy and although she accompanied Peel back to Britain in 1967, they were soon separated. The divorce became final in 1973, Shirley Anne Milburn later took her own life. Peel returned to England in early 1967 and found work with the pirate radio station Radio London
14.
Desert Island Discs
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Desert Island Discs is a radio programme broadcast on BBC Radio 4. It was first broadcast on the BBC Forces Programme on 29 January 1942 and it was devised and originally presented by Roy Plomley. Since 2006, the programme has been presented by Kirsty Young, more than 3,000 episodes have been recorded, with some guests having appeared more than once and some episodes featuring more than one guest. Excerpts from their choices are played or, in the case of short pieces, at the end of the programme they choose the one piece they regard most highly. Guests are also given the Complete Works of Shakespeare and either the Bible or another appropriate religious or philosophical work. They are then prompted to select a book to accompany them. Popular choices include Charles Dickens and Jane Austen, actress Judi Dench, who suffers from macular degeneration, was permitted to take an audiobook in place of a printed manuscript. Guests also choose one luxury, which must be inanimate and of no use in escaping the island or allowing communication from outside, Roy Plomley enforced these rules strictly. He did, however, grant a dispensation to Princess Michael of Kent. The rules are, however, less strictly enforced today, for instance, Lawley allowed John Cleese to take Michael Palin with him, on the condition that he was dead and stuffed. Examples of luxuries have included champagne and a piano, the latter of which is one of the most requested luxuries, after Plomleys death in 1985, the programme was presented by Michael Parkinson and from 1988 by Sue Lawley. Lawley stepped down in August 2006 after 18 years, her final castaway being actress Joan Plowright and she was replaced by Kirsty Young, who interviewed illustrator Quentin Blake for her first show, broadcast on 1 October 2006. The most requested piece of music over the first 60 years was Ode to Joy, one of the most remarked broadcasts was Elisabeth Schwarzkopfs 1958 selection of seven of her own recordings. This record was beaten by British pianist Dame Moura Lympany on her second appearance on the programme on 28 July 1979 when all eight of her selections were of her own recordings. In the early 1970s, Roy Plomley attempted to interview Alistair MacLean, but ended up speaking to somebody else with the same name –, Plomley originally wanted the sounds of surf breaking on a shore and the cries of sea birds to open and close each programme. But Leslie Prowne, the head of popular programmes at the BBC, was concerned that it lacked definition. Plomley and the series producer Frederic Piffard selected By the Sleepy Lagoon, the tune has been used since the first transmission in 1942. The sound of herring gulls has accompanied the music except for a period of time in 1964 when tropical bird sounds were used
15.
Q (magazine)
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Q is a popular music magazine published monthly in the United Kingdom. Q was first published by the EMAP media group in October 1986, setting apart from much of the other music press with monthly production and higher standards of photography. In the early years, the magazine was sub-titled The modern guide to music, originally it was to be called Cue, but the name was changed so that it wouldnt be mistaken for a snooker magazine. Another reason, cited in Qs 200th edition, is that a title would be more prominent on newsstands. In January 2008 EMAP sold its consumer titles, including Q. The magazine has a review section, featuring, new releases, reissues, music compilations, film and live concert reviews, as well as radio. It uses a system from one to five stars, indeed. While its content is non-free they host an archive of all of their magazine covers, much of the magazine is devoted to interviews with popular musical artists. It is well known for compiling lists and it has created many, ranging from The 100 Greatest albums to the 100 Greatest 100 Greatest Lists. Every other month, Q — and its magazine, Mojo — have a special edition. These have been about musical times, genres, or a very important/influential musician, often, promotional gifts are given away, such as cover-mounted CDs or books. The January 2006 issue included a copy of The Greatest Rock. Every issue of Q has a different message on the spine, readers then try to work out what the message has to do with the contents of the mag. This practice — known as the spine line — has since become commonplace among British lifestyle magazines, including Qs sister publication, Empire, on 4 March 2007, Q named Elvis Presley the greatest singer of all time. The magazine has a relationship with the Glastonbury Festival, producing both a free daily newspaper on site during the festival and a review magazine available at the end of the festival. In late 2008 Q revamped its image, with an amount of text. This Rolling Stone-isation has led to criticism from much of the traditional Q readership, in 2006, Q published a readers survey, the 100 Greatest Songs Ever, won by Oasis Live Forever. Q has a history of associating with charitable organisations, and in 2006 the British anti-poverty charity War on Want was named its official charity, in the April 2007 issue, Q published an article containing the 100 Greatest Singers, won by Elvis Presley
16.
Nuremberg
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Nuremberg is a city on the river Pegnitz and the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia, about 170 kilometres north of Munich. It is the second-largest city in Bavaria, and the largest in Franconia, the population as of February 2015, is 517,498, which makes it Germanys fourteenth-largest city. The urban area also includes Fürth, Erlangen and Schwabach with a population of 763,854. The European Metropolitan Area Nuremberg has ca.3.5 million inhabitants, Nuremberg was, according to the first documentary mention of the city in 1050, the location of an Imperial castle between the East Franks and the Bavarian March of the Nordgau. From 1050 to 1571, the city expanded and rose dramatically in importance due to its location on key trade routes, Nuremberg is often referred to as having been the unofficial capital of the Holy Roman Empire, particularly because Imperial Diet and courts met at Nuremberg Castle. The Diets of Nuremberg were an important part of the structure of the empire. The increasing demand of the court and the increasing importance of the city attracted increased trade. Nuremberg soon became, with Augsburg, one of the two great trade centers on the route from Italy to Northern Europe. In 1298, the Jews of the town were accused of having desecrated the host, behind the massacre of 1298 was also the desire to combine the northern and southern parts of the city, which were divided by the Pegnitz. The Jews of the German lands suffered many massacres during the plague years, in 1349, Nurembergs Jews were subjected to a pogrom. They were burned at the stake or expelled, and a marketplace was built over the former Jewish quarter, the plague returned to the city in 1405,1435,1437,1482,1494,1520 and 1534. Charles was the patron of the Frauenkirche, built between 1352 and 1362, where the Imperial court worshipped during its stays in Nuremberg. Charles IV conferred upon the city the right to conclude alliances independently, frequent fights took place with the burgraves without, however, inflicting lasting damage upon the city. Through these and other acquisitions the city accumulated considerable territory, the Hussite Wars, recurrence of the Black Death in 1437, and the First Margrave War led to a severe fall in population in the mid-15th century. During the Middle Ages, Nurembergs literary culture was rich, varied, the cultural flowering of Nuremberg, in the 15th and 16th centuries, made it the centre of the German Renaissance. In 1525, Nuremberg accepted the Protestant Reformation, and in 1532, during the 1552 revolution against Charles V, Nuremberg tried to purchase its neutrality, but the city was attacked without a declaration of war and was forced into a disadvantageous peace. The state of affairs in the early 16th century, increased trade routes elsewhere, frequent quartering of Imperial, Swedish and League soldiers, the financial costs of the war and the cessation of trade caused irreparable damage to the city and a near-halving of the population. In 1632, the city, occupied by the forces of Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, was besieged by the army of Imperial general Albrecht von Wallenstein, the city declined after the war and recovered its importance only in the 19th century, when it grew as an industrial centre
17.
Paul Hanley (musician)
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Paul Hanley is an English drummer, best known for playing drums in The Fall, Brix & The Extricated and The Lovers. Paul Hanley was the drummer in The Fall between 1980 and 1985, for much of that time he was part of a two-drummer line-up with Karl Burns and also played keyboards. He was preceded as a member of The Fall by his brother, Steve Hanley and they subsequently moved on to Tom Hingley and the Lovers. The Lovers first album, Abba Are The Enemy was released in 2004 and their second, Highlights, was released in March 2008. He was also briefly a member of fellow ex-Fall member Martin Bramahs group Factory Star and he is currently a member of Brix & The Extricated. Paul Hanley is married with three children and he appeared on The Chase on 31 October 2016
18.
AllMusic
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AllMusic is an online music guide service website. It was launched in 1991 by All Media Guide which later became All Media Network, AllMusic was launched in 1991 by Michael Erlewine of All Media Guide. The aim was to discographic information on every artist whos made a record since Enrico Caruso gave the industry its first big boost and its first reference book was published the following year. When first released onto the Internet, AMG predated the World Wide Web and was first available as a Gopher site, the AMG consumer web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in July 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. All Media Network, LLC. was formed by the founders of SideReel. com. The following are contributors to AllMusic, as of this date, All Media Network also produced the AllMusic guide series that includes the AllMusic Guide to Rock, the All Music Guide to Jazz and the All Music Guide to the Blues. Vladimir Bogdanov is the president of the series, in August 2007, PC Magazine included AllMusic in its Top 100 Classic Websites list. All Media Network AllGame AllMovie SideReel All Music Guide to the Blues All Music Guide to Jazz Stephen Thomas Erlewine Official website
19.
Robert Christgau
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Robert Thomas Christgau is an American essayist, music journalist, and self-proclaimed Dean of American Rock Critics. One of the earliest professional rock critics, he spent 37 years as the music critic and senior editor for The Village Voice. He has also covered popular music for Esquire, Creem, Newsday, Playboy, Rolling Stone, Billboard, NPR, Blender, and MSN Music, and is a visiting arts teacher at New York University. Christgau is known for his terse capsule reviews, first published in his Consumer Guide columns during his tenure at The Village Voice from 1969 to 2006 and he has written three books based on those columns, along with two collections of essays. He continued writing capsule reviews in MSN Music, Cuepoint, Christgau was born in Greenwich Village and grew up in Queens, the son of a fireman. He has said he became a rock and roll fan when disc jockey Alan Freed moved to the city in 1954. After attending a school in New York City, he left New York for four years to attend Dartmouth College. While at college his musical interests turned to jazz, but he returned to rock after moving back to New York. Christgau has said that Miles Davis 1960 album Sketches of Spain initiated in him one phase of the disillusionment with jazz that resulted in my return to rock and he was deeply influenced by New Journalism writers such as Gay Talese and Tom Wolfe. My ambitions when I went into journalism were always, to an extent, literary, Christgau initially wrote short stories, before giving up fiction in 1964 to become a sportswriter, and later, a police reporter for the Newark Star-Ledger. He became a writer after a story he wrote about the death of a woman in New Jersey was published by New York magazine. He was asked to take over the dormant music column at Esquire, after Esquire discontinued the column, Christgau moved to The Village Voice in 1969, and he also worked as a college professor. In early 1972, he accepted a job as music critic for Newsday. Christgau returned to the Village Voice in 1974 as music editor and he remained there until August 2006, when he was fired shortly after the papers acquisition by New Times Media. Two months later, Christgau became an editor at Rolling Stone. Late in 2007, Christgau was fired by Rolling Stone, although he continued to work for the magazine for three months. Starting with the March 2008 issue, he joined Blender, where he was listed as senior critic for three issues and then contributing editor, Christgau had been a regular contributor to Blender before he joined Rolling Stone. He continued to write for Blender until the magazine ceased publication in March 2009, in 1987, he was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in the field of Folklore and Popular Culture to study the history of popular music
20.
Classic Rock (magazine)
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Classic Rock is a British magazine dedicated to rock music, published by Future PLC, who are also responsible for its sister publications Metal Hammer and Prog magazine. Although firmly focusing on key bands from the 1960s through early 1990s, it includes articles and reviews of contemporary. Despite starting as a project it became one of the UKs best selling music magazines. In September 2010 it published its 150th issue and now has a circulation than the NME. Former owner TeamRock bought Metal Hammer, Prog and Classic Rock from Future PLC in 2013, on 19 December 2016, TeamRock called in the administrators with the loss of 73 jobs, after experiencing financial difficulties, and suspended publication of all three titles. On 8 January 2017, Classic Rock, along with sister magazines Metal Hammer and Prog, were bought by previous owners Future Publishing for £800,000, the magazine focuses on established bands with credentials dating back to the 1960s. Indeed, many of the artists who have appeared on its cover are deceased, more recent acts to have been on the cover include The Darkness and Velvet Revolver have been on it twice. Despite the dominating nature of acts undeniably falling into the category of classic rock, Classic Rock reviews any release that even comes close to being classified as rock, including albums, DVDs, concerts and books. It includes an award for best new band. Acts such as Rose Hill Drive, Muse, DragonForce, The Trews, Wolfmother, for the 91st issue, the magazine presented The 100 Greatest British Rock Albums Ever, which were voted for by Classic Rock staff and various people associated with rock music. The magazine decided to let AC/DC be classed as a British act, all of the bands singers and guitarists Angus and Malcolm Young are of UK descent. Led Zeppelins Led Zeppelin IV reached first place, the 100th issue contained all the regular features, but only one article, in which 100 names in rock were asked to write a piece on their nomination for a rock icon. The 200th issue contained short interviews with 200 different rock artists, including Black Sabbath, Ian Anderson of Jethro Tull, Lars Ulrich of Metallica, and Thijs van Leer of Focus. Classic Rock has also published, in conjunction with Metal Hammer, special decade issues featuring 1970s, 1980s, in 2007, three special editions were also published with bonus DVDs for £7.50. These each focussed on one genre of rock music - first blues rock, then progressive rock, a special 2007 collectors edition bookazine was produced entitled High Voltage, featuring stories by Mick Wall and photographs by Ross Halfin on Jimmy Page, Ozzy Osbourne, and Axl Rose. In 2010, Classic Rock partnered with Road Runner Record UK to publish the Classic Rock Presents, the partnership marks the first-time a major album has been released exclusively with a magazine publisher, ahead of general release. The Classic Rock Roll of Honour Awards are an awards program established in 2004. Winners of the awards are chosen by the team and voted on by readers of the magazine
21.
NME
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New Musical Express is a British music journalism magazine published since 1952. It was the first British paper to include a singles chart, in the 1970s it became the best-selling British music newspaper. It started as a newspaper, and gradually moved toward a magazine format during the 1980s and 1990s. An online version of NME, NME. com, was launched in 1996 and it became the worlds biggest standalone music site, with over seven million users per month. With newsstand sales falling across the UK magazine sector, the paid circulation in the first half of 2014 was 15,830. In 2013, the list of NMEs The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, NME magazine was relaunched in September 2015 as a nationally distributed free publication. NMEs headquarters are in Southwark, London, England, the brands editor-in-chief is Mike Williams, who replaced Krissi Murison in 2012. The paper was established in 1952, the Accordion Times and Musical Express was bought by London music promoter Maurice Kinn, for the sum of £1,000, just 15 minutes before it was due to be officially closed. It was relaunched as the New Musical Express, and was published in a non-glossy tabloid format on standard newsprint. On 14 November 1952, taking its cue from the US magazine Billboard, it created the first UK Singles Chart, the first of these was, in contrast to more recent charts, a top twelve sourced by the magazine itself from sales in regional stores around the UK. The first number one was Here in My Heart by Al Martino, during the 1960s the paper championed the new British groups emerging at the time. The NME circulation peaked under Andy Gray, Editor 1957–1972, with a figure of 306,881 for the period from January to June 1964, the Beatles and the Rolling Stones were frequently featured on the front cover. These and other artists appeared at the NME Poll Winners Concert. The concert also featured a ceremony where the winners would collect their awards. The NME Poll Winners Concerts took place between 1959 and 1972, from 1964 onwards they were filmed, edited and transmitted on British television a few weeks after they had taken place. The latter part of the 1960s saw the chart the rise of psychedelia. During this period some sections of pop music began to be designated as rock, in early 1972 the paper found itself on the verge of closure by its owner IPC. Alan Smith was made editor and in 1972 was told by IPC to turn things around quickly or face closure, according to The Economist, the New Musical Express started to champion underground, up-and-coming music. NME became the gateway to a more rebellious world
22.
Sounds (magazine)
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Sounds was a long-term UK weekly pop/rock music newspaper, published from 10 October 1970 to 6 April 1991. It was produced by Spotlight Publications, which was set up by Jack Hutton and Peter Wilkinson, who left Melody Maker to start their own company. Sounds was their first project, a paper devoted to progressive rock and described by Hutton, to those he was attempting to recruit from his former publication. Sounds was intended to be a rival to titles such as Melody Maker. It was well known for giving away posters in the centre of the paper and later for covering heavy metal, the papers editors realised the importance of its regional audience and had freelancers across the UK contributing gig reviews and articles about up-and-coming local bands. Keith Cameron wrote about Nirvana after Robb carried out the first ever interview with them. One of the trinity of British music weeklies, along with NME and Melody Maker, Sounds folded in 1991 after the parent company, United Newspapers, a legacy of Sounds was the creation of the heavy metal/rock magazine Kerrang. Which was originally issued as a supplement before being spun off as a separate publication, sutherland and Russ Carvells UT strip, Photographers Andy Phillips, Virginia Turbett, Paul Slattery, Ross Halfin, Janette Beckman. Comic strips that were published in Sounds by Alan Moore Reviews and features published in Sounds by Mick Sinclair Photos published in Sounds by Simon Clegg
23.
Trouser Press
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Publication of the magazine ceased in 1984, although Trouser Press has continued to exist in various formats. The magazines original scope was British bands and artists, initial issues contained occasional interviews with major artists like Brian Eno and Robert Fripp and extensive record reviews. After 14 issues, the title was shortened to simply Trouser Press, as the 1970s music scene transformed, so did the magazines editorial focus. From 1976 on, Trouser Press frequently centered on the punk movements in both London and New York. In 1980, the magazine introduced America Underground, a column devoted to local music scenes from different areas of the country. By the early 1980s, the focus was almost exclusively on new wave, alternative rock. Starting in 1982, flexi-discs were included with issue, totaling 27 releases. As a concept, Trouser Press continued to evolve after the publication of the magazine ceased, in 1983, The Trouser Press Guide to New Wave Records, edited by Robbins, was published by Charles Scribners Sons. This final edition featured all-new entries on over 2,000 bands and reviews of approximately 8,500 records, trouserPress. com went online in August 2002
24.
Room to Live
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Room to Live, subtitled Undilutable Slang Truth. is the fifth studio album by English post-punk band The Fall. It was released on 27 September 1982 through record label Kamera, Room to Live was recorded as a quick followup to Hex Enduction Hour, which had been released in March of the same year. It was to be Marc Rileys last album with the group, in accordance with this experimental approach, members were deliberately excluded from certain tracks. The album was completed prior to the tour of Australia and New Zealand in July and August 1982. The German pressing of the added the 1981 single Lie Dream of a Casino Soul and its B-side, Fantastic Life. Other contemporaneous bonus material was added in its place, allMusic said of the album, Room to Live marks one of the most inspired periods of the group
25.
Steve Hanley (musician)
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Steve Hanley is an Irish-born musician and song writer, who grew up in and is based in Manchester. He is best known as bass guitarist in The Fall from 1979 to 1998, Hanleys distinctive and muscular basslines were a signature part of The Fall, often carrying a songs instrumental melody. I Am Damo Suzuki, Frenz, through to the later classic Bill is Dead, according to Smith, The most original aspect of The Fall is Steve. Ive never heard a bass player like him. Hanley was described by journalist Dave Simpson as one of British musics greatest bassists and his autobiography The Big Midweek, Life Inside The Fall was published to critical acclaim in 2014. In 1976 he played in The Sirens alongside Marc Riley and Craig Scanlon, when Riley left to join The Fall, they became Staff 9, but disbanded when Hanley and Scanlon joined The Fall themselves in 1979. During the first half of the 1980s, Hanleys brother Paul was also a member of The Fall playing drums and keyboards. Steve Hanley left The Fall in April 1998 following an altercation in New York. Smith regretted the row and asked Hanley to return, but the bassist declined, following his departure from The Fall, he joined The Lovers in 2001, a group fronted by Tom Hingley of Inspiral Carpets. Both these bands also featured Paul Hanley, Steves brother, the Lovers released two albums, Abba Are The Enemy, released in 2004, and Highlights which was released in March 2008. The band split amicably in 2012 and he was briefly a member of fellow ex-Fall member Martin Bramahs group Factory star, as was his brother Paul Hanley. His 2016 biography The Big Midweek, Life Inside the Fall was met with critical acclaim
26.
Pitchfork (website)
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Pitchfork is an American online magazine launched in 1995 by Ryan Schreiber, based in Chicago, Illinois and owned by Condé Nast. The site generally concentrates on new music, but Pitchfork journalists have also reviewed reissues, in late 1995, Ryan Schreiber, a recent high school graduate, created the magazine in Minneapolis. Influenced by local fanzines and KUOM, Schreiber, who had no writing experience. At first being Turntable, the site was updated monthly with interviews and reviews, in May 1996, the site began publishing daily and was renamed Pitchfork, alluding to Tony Montanas tattoo in Scarface. In early 1999, Schreiber relocated Pitchfork to Chicago, Illinois, by then, the site had expanded to four full-length album reviews daily, as well as sporadic interviews, features, and columns. It had also begun garnering a following for its coverage of underground music and its writing style. In October, the added a daily music news section. Pitchfork has launched a variety of subsidiary websites, Pitchfork. tv, a website displaying videos related to many independent music acts, launched in April 2008. It features bands that are found on Pitchfork. In July 2010, Pitchfork announced Altered Zones, a blog devoted to underground. On 21 May 2011, Pitchfork announced a partnership with Kill Screen, Altered Zones was closed on November 30. On December 26,2012, Pitchfork launched Nothing Major, a website that covered visual arts such as fine art, Nothing Major closed in October 2013. On October 13,2015, Condé Nast announced that it had acquired Pitchfork, following the sale, Schreiber remained as editor-in-chief. On March 13,2016, Pitchfork was redesigned, some publications have cited Pitchfork in having played a part in breaking artists such as Arcade Fire, Sufjan Stevens, Clap Your Hands Say Yeah, Interpol, The Go. Conversely, Pitchfork has also seen as being a negative influence on some indie artists. A dismissive 0.0 review of former Dismemberment Plan frontman Travis Morrisons Travistan album led to a sales drop. On the other hand, an endorsement from Pitchfork – which dispenses its approval one-tenth of a point at a time, up to a maximum of 10 points – is very valuable, indeed. Examples of Pitchforks impact include, Arcade Fire is among the bands most commonly cited to have benefited from a Pitchfork review
27.
Billboard (magazine)
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Billboard is an American entertainment media brand owned by the Hollywood Reporter-Billboard Media Group, a division of Eldridge Industries. It publishes pieces involving news, video, opinion, reviews, events and it is also known for its music charts, including the Billboard Hot 100 and Billboard 200, tracking the most popular singles and albums in different genres. It also hosts events, owns a publishing firm, and operates several TV shows, Billboard was founded in 1894 by William Donaldson and James Hennegan as a trade publication for bill posters. Donaldson later acquired Hennegens interest in 1900 for $500, in the 1900s, it covered the entertainment industry, such as circuses, fairs and burlesque shows. It also created a service for travelling entertainers. Billboard began focusing more on the industry as the jukebox, phonograph. Many topics it covered were spun-off into different magazines, including Amusement Business in 1961 to cover outdoor entertainment so that it could focus on music. After Donaldson died in 1925, Billboard was passed down to his children and Hennegans children, until it was sold to investors in 1985. The first issue of Billboard was published in Cincinnati, Ohio, on November 1,1894 by William Donaldson, initially, it covered the advertising and bill posting industry and was called Billboard Advertising. At the time, billboards, posters and paper advertisements placed in public spaces were the means of advertising. Donaldson handled editorial and advertising, while Hennegan, who owned Hennegan Printing Co. managed magazine production, the first issues were just eight pages long. The paper had columns like The Bill Room Gossip and The Indefatigable, a department for agricultural fairs was established in 1896. The title was changed to The Billboard in 1897, after a brief departure over editorial differences, Donaldson purchased Hennegans interest in the business in 1900 for $500, to save it from bankruptcy. That May, Donaldson changed it from a monthly to a paper with a greater emphasis on breaking news. He improved editorial quality and opened new offices in New York, Chicago, San Francisco, London and he also re-focused the magazine on outdoor entertainment like fairs, carnivals, circuses, vaudeville and burlesque shows. A section devoted to circuses was introduced in 1900, followed by more prominent coverage of events in 1901. Billboard also covered topics including regulation, a lack of professionalism, economics and it had a stage gossip column covering the private lives of entertainers, a tent show section covering traveling shows and a sub-section called Freaks to order. According to The Seattle Times, Donaldson also published articles attacking censorship, praising productions exhibiting good taste
28.
Grotesque (After the Gramme)
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Grotesque is the third studio album by English band The Fall. It was released on 17 November 1980, and is their first release on the record label Rough Trade and this was the first album for drummer Paul Hanley, who joined The Fall earlier in the year aged just 15. The album was preceded by two acclaimed singles How I Wrote Elastic Man and Totally Wired, which were included on CD reissues of the album. The eye-catching full colour sleeve was drawn by Mark E. Smiths sister, the album was much more outward-looking than its predecessor, Dragnet, and Smiths lyrical maturity was striking, reading as a state-of-the-nation address on English Scheme and CnC-S Mithering. The album also included the horror of Impression of J. Temperance. In fact, a number of the tracks have particularly idiosyncratic titles, representing the tracks lyric, the north will rise again, CnC-S Mithering, a reference to cash and carries, specifically two warehouses near Manchester, and W. M. C. – Blob 59, WMC being an abbreviation for Working Mens Club. According to the Slates & Dates press release, this album was, at one point, New Face in Hell takes its name from the 1968 film P. J. which was retitled New Face in Hell in the UK. AllMusic opined that the band really started hitting its stride with this album, Grotesque was first reissued through Castle Music in 1993. In 1998, Cog Sinister, Mark E. Smiths own imprint, the original ten-track album was reissued on vinyl by the Turning Point label in 2002 with a two-LP edition being issued by Earmark in 2005. The latter edition replicated the track listing of the 2004 CD. All lyrics written by Mark E. Smith
29.
Craig Scanlon
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Craig Antony Scanlon is an English guitarist, best known as a member of The Fall between 1979 and 1995. Despite his surname being spelled Scanlon he was credited as Craig Scanlan on every record he featured on for The Fall up until. Scanlon joined the following the departure of previous guitarist Martin Bramah. He and guitarist Marc Riley had previously played together in The Sirens before Riley joined The Fall, Scanlon and bassist Steve Hanley then formed Staff 9 who supported The Fall several times. In 1992, in an interview with Volume magazine, Mark E. Smith described Scanlon and Hanley as fuckin hard as nails. very super-intelligent fellows, jesuit lads, you know. Steve and Craig are brilliant. In the mid 90s, Scanlons relationship with Smith deteriorated, culminating in Smith wiping his contributions from the groups 1996 single The Chiselers and he was sacked shortly afterwards, though there are differing opinions as to how this came about. Steve Hanley told Simon Ford that Smith sacked the whole group, informing them that if they wanted their jobs back, they would have to ask him, Scanlon refused. In 1996, Smith told Sunday Times journalist Stewart Lee, that Scanlon had been trying to jazz or Sonic Youth-style stuff over good simple songs that hed written himself. Smith gave a different version of events in his 2008 autobiography Renegade, the group was getting a little too big and nobody was actually doing anything. he may have burnt himself out. He also admits that it was a big mistake getting rid of him Smith had previously publicly regretted dismissing Scanlon, on this occasion, Smith continued one thing I dont do is have people back. Ive done it before and its a real mistake, however, no reunion was forthcoming, with Scanlon commenting after three hours in the pub with him I realised I was better out of it. Scanlon was widely believed not to have played music since leaving the band with rumours that he had invited to join Elastica never properly substantiated. In 2011 however Craig recorded several songs with Ian Moss from The Hamsters and Paul and Steve Hanley. Subsequently he has written and recorded with Mike Leigh’s band “Kill Pretty”, scanlon’s songs Kill Pretty and Black Dog City Blues can be heard on the In 80 Days album. Scanlon contributed guitar to the 2012 album Dark Heart and the remix album Snakes Sheds Skins where samples of his work were used. He also wrote and played on the track Something Better on the 2014 album Bubblegum Now, as Dave Simpson notes in his Guardian article, Scanlon remains a firm favourite with the groups fan base
30.
Marc Riley
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Marc Riley is an English radio DJ, alternative rock critic and musician. He currently presents on BBC Radio 6 Music, formerly a member of the Fall, he had his own record label, In-Tape, and also worked as a record plugger for bands such as Massive Attack, the Pixies, the Cocteau Twins and the Happy Mondays. Marc has worked in radio since about 1990 and for 14 years of that he worked with Mark Radcliffe on BBC Radio 5 and BBC Radio 1 and he joined 6 Music in April 2004. Born and raised in Manchester, Riley was in a band at school called the Sirens with Craig Scanlon, Riley was an early fan of the Fall and worked for the group as a roadie. He was added to the line-up, playing bass, in May 1978, Rileys recording debut was The Falls second single, Its the New Thing and their debut album Live at the Witch Trials. Riley switched to guitar and keyboards in 1979 and held this position with The Fall, until he fell out with Mark E. Smith in 1982, during the groups first tour of Australia, Riley was sacked by Smith – according to Smith this occurred on Rileys wedding day. He subsequently joined 70s hitmakers Mud, later in 1983 Riley begain to record under the name Marc Riley and The Creepers. Steve Hanley, Paul Hanley and Craig Scanlon, while they remained members of The Fall, played on Rileys first solo single, Riley released several albums during the following years. Animosity between Smith and Riley continued to both bands material. This included The Falls Hey Marc Riley, which has only been available on live bootlegs, Riley co-owned the In-Tape label with Jim Khambatta, until it went bust in 1991, managing the label between 1983 and 1986. Between 1986 and 1989, Riley drew and wrote the comic strips Harry the Head, Riley then formed a band that included ex-members of Pere Ubu and Captain Beefhearts Magic Band called the Lost Soul Crusaders. However, the company funding the band became bankrupt before any material could be recorded. In 1988, Riley co-produced a Johnny Cash tribute album, Til Things are Brighter, the album was endorsed and admired by Cash himself who is featured alongside Riley and Langford on its cover. During this period Riley also presented a programme on Radio 5 called Cult Radio, and wrote and produced a Radio1 series presented by Noddy Holder called Glitter and Twisted. The duo moved to Radio Ones 10 pm slot in 1993, followed by a move to the breakfast show in February 1997. Their final show on the station was in March 2004, after leaving Radio 1, the duo cordially went their separate ways, Riley moving to BBC Radio 6 Music and Radcliffe to BBC Radio 2. In 2009 Mark and Lard reformed to front radio adverts for Manchester City in North West England and he currently presents the Sony Radio Academy Award-nominated 7-9pm show, Monday to Thursday on Radio 6 Music. The show features almost daily sessions from artists chosen by Riley himself, among the bands championed by Riley are Metronomy, Field Music, Everything Everything, Wild Beasts, Sweet Baboo and King Creosote
31.
Munich
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Munich is the capital and largest city of the German state of Bavaria, on the banks of River Isar north of the Bavarian Alps. Munich is the third largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Hamburg, the Munich Metropolitan Region is home to 5.8 million people. According to the Globalization and World Rankings Research Institute Munich is considered an alpha-world city, the name of the city is derived from the Old/Middle High German term Munichen, meaning by the monks. It derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who ran a monastery at the place that was later to become the Old Town of Munich, Munich was first mentioned in 1158. From 1255 the city was seat of the Bavarian Dukes, black and gold—the colours of the Holy Roman Empire—have been the citys official colours since the time of Ludwig the Bavarian, when it was an imperial residence. Following a final reunification of the Wittelsbachian Duchy of Bavaria, previously divided and sub-divided for more than 200 years, like wide parts of the Holy Roman Empire, the area recovered slowly economically. In 1918, during the German Revolution, the house of Wittelsbach, which governed Bavaria since 1180, was forced to abdicate in Munich. In the 1920s, Munich became home to political factions, among them the NSDAP. During World War II, Munich was heavily bombed and more than 50% of the entire city, the postwar period was characterised by American occupation until 1949 and a strong increase of population and economic power during the years of the Wirtschaftswunder after 1949. The city is home to corporations like BMW, Siemens, MAN, Linde, Allianz and MunichRE as well as many small. Munich is home to national and international authorities, major universities, major museums. Its numerous architectural attractions, international events, exhibitions and conferences. Munich is one of the most prosperous and fastest growing cities in Germany and it is a top-ranked destination for migration and expatriate location, despite being the municipality with the highest density of population in Germany. Munich nowadays hosts more than 530,000 people of foreign background, the year 1158 is assumed to be the foundation date, which is the earliest date the city is mentioned in a document. The document was signed in Augsburg, by that time the Guelph Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria, had built a bridge over the river Isar next to a settlement of Benedictine monks—this was on the Old Salt Route and a toll bridge. In 1175, Munich was officially granted city status and received fortification, in 1180, with the trial of Henry the Lion, Otto I Wittelsbach became Duke of Bavaria and Munich was handed over to the Bishop of Freising. In 1240, Munich was transferred to Otto II Wittelsbach and in 1255, Duke Louis IV, a native of Munich, was elected German king in 1314 and crowned as Holy Roman Emperor in 1328. He strengthened the position by granting it the salt monopoly
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Brighton
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Brighton /ˈbraɪtən/ is a seaside resort on the south coast of England. It is part of the county of East Sussex, within the historic county of Sussex. Archaeological evidence of settlement in the dates back to the Bronze Age, Roman. The ancient settlement of Brighthelmstone was documented in the Domesday Book, Brighton began to attract more visitors following improved road transport to London and becoming a boarding point for boats travelling to France. The town also developed in popularity as a resort for sea bathing as a purported cure for illnesses. Brighton continued to grow as a centre of tourism following the arrival of the railways in 1841. Many of the attractions were built in the Victorian era, including the Grand Hotel, the West Pier. Brighton attracted 7.5 million day visitors in 2015/16 and 4.9 million overnight visitors, Brighton has also been called the UKs hippest city, and the happiest place to live in the UK. Brightons earliest name was Bristelmestune, recorded in the Domesday Book, although more than 40 variations have been documented, Brighthelmstone was the standard rendering between the 14th and 18th centuries. Brighton was originally a shortened form, first seen in 1660, it gradually supplanted the longer name. Brighthelmstone was the official name until 1810, though. The name is of Anglo-Saxon origin, most scholars believe that it derives from Beorthelm + tūn—the homestead of Beorthelm, a common Old English name associated with villages elsewhere in England. The tūn element is common in Sussex, especially on the coast, an alternative etymology taken from the Old English words for stony valley is sometimes given but has less acceptance. Brighthelm gives its name to, among other things, a church, the town was originally split in half by the Wellesbourne, a winterbourne which was culverted and buried in the 18th century. Poet Horace Smith called it The Queen of Watering Places, which is widely used. Novelist William Makepeace Thackeray referred to Doctor Brighton, calling the one of the best of Physicians. London-by-Sea is well-known, reflecting Brightons popularity with Londoners as a resort, a commuter dormitory. The Queen of Slaughtering Places, a pun on Smiths description, the mid 19th-century nickname School Town referred to the remarkable number of boarding, charity and church schools in the town at the time
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International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker
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Discogs
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Discogs, short for discographies, is a website and crowdsourced database of information about audio recordings, including commercial releases, promotional releases, and bootleg or off-label releases. The Discogs servers, currently hosted under the domain name discogs. com, are owned by Zink Media, Inc. and are located in Portland, Oregon, US. While the site lists releases in all genres and on all formats, it is known as the largest online database of electronic music releases. Discogs currently contains over 8 million releases, by nearly 4 and he was inspired by the success of community-built sites such as Slashdot, eBay, and Open Directory Project, and decided to use this model for a music discography database. The sites original goal was to build the most comprehensive database of music, organized around the artists, labels. In 2003 the Discogs system was rewritten, and in January 2004 it began to support other genres. Since then, it has expanded to include rock and jazz in January 2005 and funk/soul, Latin, in January 2006 blues and non-music were added. On 30 June 2004, Discogs published a report, which included information about the number of its contributors and this report claimed that Discogs had 15,788 contributors and 260,789 releases. On 20 July 2007 a new system for sellers was introduced on the site called Market Price History. However, at the beginning of 2008, the Market Price History was also free of charge for all users. In late 2014, the company released two new beta websites, gearogs lets users add and track music equipment like synths, drum machines, and other electronic music making equipment. At the start of 2015, the company began another beta project — Bibliogs, users can submit information about their books, physical or electronic, different versions and editions, and also connect different credits to these books. 21,000 books were submitted by the end of 2016, the project remains in its beta phase. The license has since changed to a public domain one. Prior to the advent of this license and API, Discogs data was only accessible via the Discogs web sites HTML interface and was intended to be viewed only using web browsers, the HTML interface remains the only authorized way to modify Discogs data. On 7 June 2011 version 2 of the API was released, notable in this release was that a license key was no longer required, the default response was changed from XML to JSON, and the 5000 queries per day limit was removed. On 1 November 2011 a major update to version 2 of the API was released and this new release dropped support for XML, data is always returned in JSON format, however the monthly data dumps of new data are only provided in XML format. Additionally the Premium API service was dropped, on 24 June 2014 Discogs deprecated their XML API in lieu of a JSON-formatted API
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