Philip IV of France
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Philip IV, called Philip the Fair, was King of France from 1285 to 1314. By virtue of his marriage with Joan I of Navarre, he was also King of Navarre and Count of Champagne as Philip I from 1284 to 1
14th-century portrait of Philip IV
Homage of Edward I (kneeling) to Philip IV (seated). As duke of Aquitaine, Edward was a vassal to the French king. Illumination made in the 15th century by Jean Fouquet.
Masse d'or (7,04 g) during Philip the Fair's reign
Donation made by the King of France, Philip IV the Fair, to the chaplains and wardens of the Sainte-Chapelle in Paris. February 1286
Louis X of France
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Louis X, known as the Quarrelsome, was King of France from 1314 and King of Navarre from 1305 until his death. He emancipated serfs, who could buy their freedom, and readmitted Jews into the kingdom.
Philip IV of France
…as the Tour de Nesle affair, in which King Philip's three daughters-in-law were accused of adultery. His three sons were successively kings of France: Louis X, Philip V, and Charles IV. Their rapid successive deaths without surviving sons of their own would compromise the future of the French royal house…
Louis being crowned with his second wife, Clementia of Hungary.
Louis campaigning in Flanders, where he sought a military solution to the ongoing problem of the "immensely wealthy", quasi-autonomous province of France. Painting circa 15th century.