Philology
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Philology is the study of language in oral and written historical sources. It is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics with strong ties to etymology. Phil
Cover of Indo-European Philology: Historical and Comparative by William Burley Lockwood (1969)
Classical language
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A classical language is any language with an independent literary tradition and a large body of ancient written literature. Typically associated with civilizations of antiquity, these languages serve
Bust of Homer in the British Museum, London
Edward Sapir (1884-1939), linguist, around 1910