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Philosophical pessimism
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Philosophical pessimism is the view that life or existence has negative value. It is often stated as the claim that life is not worth living, or that non-existence would be preferable to coming into o
Melancholy by Domenico Fetti (1612). Death, suffering and meaninglessness are central topics in discussions of philosophical pessimism.
Melancholy by Domenico Fetti (1612). Death, suffering and meaninglessness are central topics in discussions of philosophical pessimism.
The Bhavachakra, or Wheel of Life, visually represents the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (saṃsāra) in Buddhism, illustrating the interconnectedne
The Bhavachakra, or Wheel of Life, visually represents the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (saṃsāra) in Buddhism, illustrating the interconnectedness of the three marks of existence: duḥkha (suffering or unsatisfactoriness), anattā (non-self), and anicca (impermanence).
The Triumph of Death by Pieter Bruegel the Elder (c. 1562). For Philipp Mainländer, God's suicide originated the world and, with it, the metaphysical
The Triumph of Death by Pieter Bruegel the Elder (c. 1562). For Philipp Mainländer, God's suicide originated the world and, with it, the metaphysical or cosmological telos of the will to death, which makes it so that everything in existence, both organic and inorganic, is destined to perish as God's "rotting cadaver".
The Swing by Jean-Honoré Fragonard (1767). For Pascal, Schopenhauer and Cabrera, the need for entertainment or diversion is a constant element in huma
The Swing by Jean-Honoré Fragonard (1767). For Pascal, Schopenhauer and Cabrera, the need for entertainment or diversion is a constant element in human life — without which existence reveals itself to us as hollow and devoid of value.
Arthur Schopenhauer
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Arthur Schopenhauer, also known as the “Philosopher of Pessimism”, was a German philosopher and writer. He is known for his 1818 work The World as Will and Representation, which characterizes the phen
Philosophical pessimism
…traditions, including parts of Buddhism, the book of Ecclesiastes, some forms of Gnosticism, and the work of Hegesias of Cyrene. In the 19th century, Arthur Schopenhauer gave pessimism a systematic form in The World as Will and Representation. Later German philosophers, including Eduard von Hartmann and Philipp Mainländer…
Schopenhauer in 1859
Schopenhauer in 1859
Schopenhauer's birthplace house, Ul. Św. Ducha (formerly Heiliggeistgasse), Gdańsk
Schopenhauer's birthplace house, Ul. Św. Ducha (formerly Heiliggeistgasse), Gdańsk
Schopenhauer in his youth
Schopenhauer in his youth
Schopenhauer in 1815. Portrait by Ludwig Sigismund Ruhl.
Schopenhauer in 1815. Portrait by Ludwig Sigismund Ruhl.