Phyllody
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Phyllody is the abnormal development of floral parts into leafy structures. It is generally caused by phytoplasma or virus infections, though it may also be because of environmental factors that resul
Phyllody on a purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea)
Illustration from Vegetable Teratology (1869), showing a Petunia flower with stamens partially replaced by "stalked" leaves. The stalks are actually the retained filaments of the stamens, while the anthers have been replaced by small leaves.
Longitudinal section of a rose flower exhibiting phyllody. Despite the apparent hips, the reproductive organs are completely absent and have been replaced by leaves.
Longitudinal section of a normal developing rose hip
Fasciation
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Fasciation, also known as cresting, is a relatively rare condition of abnormal growth in vascular plants in which the apical meristem, which normally is concentrated around a single point and produces
Phyllody
…Epicormic shoot Fasciation Media related to Phyllody at Wikimedia Commons…
Wyethia helianthoides or mule's ear wildflower (on right) showing fasciation
A "crested" saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea), resulting from fasciation, located at Saguaro National Park (West), Arizona, U.S.
A "cockscomb" strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa)
An example of fasciation, or "cresting," on a coneflower (Echinacea).