Picture bride
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The term picture bride refers to the practice in the early 20th century of immigrant workers in Hawaii and the West Coast of the United States and Canada, as well as Brazil selecting brides from their
Japanese Picture Brides at Angel Island, Marin County, circa 1919.
Population of Japanese men and women in Hawaii in the years 1890 and 1920. Numbers from Pau hana: Plantation life and labor in Hawaii 1835-1920 by Ronald T. Takaki.
Proxy marriage
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A proxy wedding or proxy marriage is a wedding in which one or both of the individuals being united are not physically present, usually being represented instead by other persons. If both partners are
Picture bride
…Mail-order bride Proxy marriage True Story of a Korean Picture Bride: Esther Kwon Arinaga…
The Wedding by Proxy of Marie de' Medici to King Henry IV by Peter Paul Rubens (1622–25)
The wedding by proxy of Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies to Emperor Pedro II of Brazil, painted by Alejandro Ciccarelli, 1846