Pierre Louis Joseph Boulez was a French composer, conductor and writer, and the founder of several musical institutions. He was one of the dominant figures of post-war contemporary classical music.
Boulez in 1968
Boulez's home in Paris between 1945 and 1958
Jean-Louis Barrault and Madeleine Renaud in 1952, by Carl Van Vechten
The Salle Popesco in Paris, formerly the Petit Marigny
Olivier Eugène Prosper Charles Messiaen was a French composer, organist, and ornithologist. One of the major composers of the 20th century, he was also an outstanding teacher of composition and musical analysis.
Messiaen in 1986
Messiaen with his mother and father in 1910
Paul Dukas's composition class at the Paris Conservatoire, 1929. Messiaen sits at the far right; Dukas stands at the centre.
Église de la Sainte-Trinité, Paris, where Messiaen was titular organist for 61 years