1.
Georgia (U.S. state)
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Georgia is a state in the southeastern United States. It was established in 1733, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies, named after King George II of Great Britain, Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2,1788. It declared its secession from the Union on January 19,1861 and it was the last state to be restored to the Union, on July 15,1870. Georgia is the 24th largest and the 8th most populous of the 50 United States, from 2007 to 2008,14 of Georgias counties ranked among the nations 100 fastest-growing, second only to Texas. Georgia is known as the Peach State and the Empire State of the South, Atlanta is the states capital, its most populous city and has been named a global city. Georgia is bordered to the south by Florida, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean and South Carolina, to the west by Alabama, the states northern part is in the Blue Ridge Mountains, part of the Appalachian Mountains system. Georgias highest point is Brasstown Bald at 4,784 feet above sea level, Georgia is the largest state entirely east of the Mississippi River in land area. Before settlement by Europeans, Georgia was inhabited by the mound building cultures, the British colony of Georgia was founded by James Oglethorpe on February 12,1733. The colony was administered by the Trustees for the Establishment of the Colony of Georgia in America under a charter issued by King George II. The Trustees implemented a plan for the colonys settlement, known as the Oglethorpe Plan. In 1742 the colony was invaded by the Spanish during the War of Jenkins Ear, in 1752, after the government failed to renew subsidies that had helped support the colony, the Trustees turned over control to the crown. Georgia became a colony, with a governor appointed by the king. The Province of Georgia was one of the Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution by signing the 1776 Declaration of Independence, the State of Georgias first constitution was ratified in February 1777. Georgia was the 10th state to ratify the Articles of Confederation on July 24,1778, in 1829, gold was discovered in the North Georgia mountains, which led to the Georgia Gold Rush and an established federal mint in Dahlonega, which continued its operation until 1861. The subsequent influx of white settlers put pressure on the government to land from the Cherokee Nation. In 1830, President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act into law, sending many eastern Native American nations to reservations in present-day Oklahoma, including all of Georgias tribes. Despite the Supreme Courts ruling in Worcester v. Georgia that ruled U. S. states were not permitted to redraw the Indian boundaries, President Jackson and the state of Georgia ignored the ruling. In 1838, his successor, Martin Van Buren, dispatched troops to gather the Cherokee
2.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
3.
Georgia's 3rd congressional district
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Georgias 3rd congressional district is a congressional district in the U. S. state of Georgia. The district is represented by Republican Drew Ferguson. The districts boundaries have been following the 2010 census, which granted an additional congressional seat to Georgia. The first election using the new boundaries were the 2012 congressional elections. The district is based in west-central Georgia and it includes most of the southern suburbs of Atlanta--where most of its population is located--as well as the wealthier portions of Columbus and its northern suburbs. The district is located close to Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport, and a number of airport, house of Representatives from Georgias 3rd congressional district who are currently living at this time. The most recent representative to die was Bo Callaway on March 15,2014, the most recently serving representative to die was Richard Ray on May 29,1999. Georgias congressional districts List of United States congressional districts Martis, Kenneth C, the Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts, Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present PDF map of Georgias 3rd district at nationalatlas. gov Georgias 3rd district at GovTrack. us
4.
Atlanta metropolitan area
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Its economic, cultural and demographic center is Atlanta, and it had a 2015 estimated population of 5.7 million people according to the U. S. Census Bureau. The metro area forms the core of a trading area. The Combined Statistical Area spans up to 39 counties in north Georgia and had an estimated 2015 population of 6.3 million people, Atlanta is considered an alpha world city. It is the third largest metropolitan region in the Census Bureaus Southeast region behind Greater Washington and South Florida. By U. S. Census Bureau standards, the population of the Atlanta region spreads across an area of 8,376 square miles – a land area comparable to that of Massachusetts. Because Georgia contains more counties than any state except Texas. As of the 2000 census, fewer than one in ten residents of the area lived inside Atlanta city limits. A2006 survey by the Metro Atlanta Chamber of Commerce counted 140 cities, six cities – Johns Creek, Milton, Chattahoochee Hills, Dunwoody, Peachtree Corners, and Brookhaven – have incorporated since then, following the lead of Sandy Springs in 2005. The Atlanta metropolitan area was first defined in 1950 as Fulton, DeKalb, Gwinnett, Cobb, the CSA also abuts the Macon and Columbus MSAs. The region is one of the metropolises of the Southeastern United States, the above-listed counties are included in the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Gainesville CSA. However, most other entities define a much smaller metropolitan area by including only the counties which have the densest suburban development. Fulton, DeKalb, Gwinnett, Cobb, and Clayton were the five original counties when the Atlanta metropolitan area was first defined in 1950, and continue to be the core of the metro area. These five counties along with five more are members of the Atlanta Regional Commission, the ten ARC counties and five more are part of the Metropolitan North Georgia Water Planning District, created in 2001. The 14 counties listed above with under 60,000 residents are not included in any other metropolitan definition except the OMB/Census Bureaus CSA. Hall County was originally the Gainesville, GA Metropolitan Statistical Area, Cumberland Perimeter Center Hartsfield-Jackson area More than one half of metro Atlantas population is in unincorporated areas or areas considered a census-designated-place by the census bureau. Metro Atlanta includes the incorporated and unincorporated suburbs, exurbs. 420,003 Places with 75,000 to 99,999 inhabitants Sandy Springs pop,76,728 Places with 50,000 to 74,999 inhabitants Alpharetta pop. 51,271 Places with 25,000 to 49,999 inhabitants Dunwoody pop,25,636 Places with 24, 999- inhabitants The area sprawls across the low foothills of the Appalachian Mountains to the north and the Piedmont to the south
5.
U.S. Route 41
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U. S. Route 41, also U. S. Highway 41, is a north–south United States Highway that runs from Miami, Florida to the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Until 1949, the part in southern Florida, from Naples to Miami, was US94, which presently has the hidden designation of State Road 90 in addition to its signed number. The highways northern terminus is east of Copper Harbor, Michigan and its southern terminus is in the Brickell neighborhood of Downtown Miami at an intersection with Brickell Avenue. It closely parallels Interstate 75 from Naples, Florida, all the way through Georgia to Chattanooga, in Florida, US41 is paralleled by Interstate 75 all the way from Miami to Georgia, and I-75 has largely supplanted US41 as a major highway. Between Miami and Naples, US41 cuts across the Florida peninsula and this section has been designated a National Scenic Byway. The byway runs east–west through the Big Cypress National Preserve, skirting the border of the Everglades National Park for about 20 miles. In Naples, Route 41 changes direction at an intersection with 5th Avenue in Downtown Naples, as the Trail moves into Hillsborough County the historic communities of Ruskin, Florida and Gibsonton, Florida are south Hillsborough County high points. Ruskin was founded by the Commongood Society, Gibsonton was populated by Carnival workers. US41 is in the process of being widened throughout the northern Tampa Bay suburbs and it is currently six lanes wide between Tampa, Lutz, and much of Land O Lakes, and again between Garden Grove and Brooksville. It is also four lanes wide in Tampa south of BUS US41, a large portion of US41 is co-designated along the unmarked State Road 45 between Belle Meade and High Springs. From US92 in Tampa to US41 Business and State Road 676 near the unincorporated Palm River-Clair Mel and it contains the northwestern end of the Tamiami Trail at the SR60 intersection. It is normally three lanes wide, but between Interstate 4 and the terminus of SR569 it is only two lanes wide. The unsigned state highway is 5.6 miles long, at the northern terminus, US41 turns west. Major intersections include State Road 574, SR569, I-4, SR60, in Northern Florida, US41 runs along the DeSoto Trail between Floral City and Williston and again between High Springs, and Lake City. In Georgia, US41 is paralleled by Interstate 75 all the way from Tennessee to Florida, in Atlanta, Highway 41 was formerly carried on Spring Street near Five Points, but it has long been re-routed via Northside Drive around the downtown area. The Georgia Dome, Georgia World Congress Center, and Philips Arena are located off Northside Drive, south of Atlanta, Metropolitan Parkway and Tara Boulevard carry the highway, along with its co-signed partner US19, toward Griffin. North of Atlanta, the stretch of Highway 41 between Atlanta and Marietta was the first four-laned highway in Georgia when it was completed in 1938, now, the Northside Parkway and the Cobb Parkway carry US41 through northern Fulton and Cobb counties. This thoroughfare is the home of the Big Chicken, Cumberland Mall, the Cobb Galleria, and the Six Flags White Water amusement park
6.
Georgia State Route 7
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State Route 7 is a 216. S. The highway connects the Florida state line southeast of Lake Park to the Griffin area, via Valdosta, Tifton, Cordele, Perry, the highway is concurrent with either US41 or US341 for its entire length, and closely parallels I-75 for much of its length. SR7 was built in 1920 along nearly the same path it travels today, US 41/SR7 was designated on a concurrency with I-75 northwest of Valdosta to Hahira in 1982. US 41/SR7 were re-routed onto a bypass of Valdosta in 2006. SR7 begins at the Florida state line, southeast of Lake Park, here, the roadway continues as US 41/State Road 25. US 41/SR7 travels to the northwest, within Echols County, less than 1 mile later, they enter Lowndes County. The two highways enter Lake Park, where they have a concurrency with SR376, during the concurrency, the three highways travel north of Clayton Lake and the Francis Lake Golf Course. After the concurrency ends, US 41/SR7 travels northeast of Horselot Lake, after traveling through Dasher, they have an intersection with the southern terminus of US41 Bus. /SR7 Bus. This intersection also marks the end of a concurrency with SR31. US 41/SR 7/SR31 travels to the north-northeast on Inner Perimeter Road on what is essentially a bypass of the part of Valdosta. They curve to a direction and enter the eastern part of the city. After curving to the north-northwest, they intersect US 84/US 221/SR38, here, US221 joins the concurrency. The four highways travel to the north-northwest and curve to the northwest just before reaching East Park Avenue, here, US 221/SR31 departs the concurrency. US 41/SR7 curves to the west and intersects SR125, just northwest of Five Points Shopping Center, they intersect the northern terminus of US41 Bus. /SR7 Bus. The two highways travel between Valdosta Country Club and Langdale Park, on the northern edge of the park, they cross over the Withlacoochee River. They curve to the west-southwest to an interchange with Interstate 75, i-75/US 41/SR7 passes by Stone Creek Golf Club. The three highways enter Hahira, where they have an interchange with SR122, at this interchange, US 41/SR7 departs from I-75 and travel concurrent with SR122 into the main part of town and depart by turning north-northwest onto Church Street. Then, the concurrency enters Cook County, US 41/SR7 travels through the town of Cecil and then enters Adel
7.
ACF River Basin
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The ACF River Basin is the drainage basin, or watershed, of the A Apalachicola River, C Chattahoochee River, and F Flint River, in the Southeastern United States. This area is known as simply the Apalachicola Basin and is listed by the United States Geological Survey as basin HUC031300. It is located in the South Atlantic-Gulf Water Resource Region, which is listed as HUC03, the basin is further sub-divided into 14 sub-basins. It drains an area of 20,355 square miles and these states and Alabama have been involved in a water-use dispute for two decades, known as the Tri-state water dispute. Georgia has also lobbied the United States Congress to end navigation on the Appalachicola and lower Chattahoochee, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, ACF Basin website Florida DEP, Apalachicola River Watershed
8.
Flint River (Georgia)
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The Flint River is a 344-mile-long river in the U. S. state of Georgia. Along with the Apalachicola and the Chattahoochee rivers, it part of the ACF basin. In its upper course through the red hills of the Piedmont, it is considered especially scenic, historically, it was also called the Thronateeska River. The Flint River rises in west central Georgia in the city of East Point in southern Fulton County on the outskirts of the Atlanta metropolitan area as ground seepage. The exact start can be traced to the field located between Plant Street, Willingham Drive, Elm Street, and Vesta Avenue and it travels under the runways of the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. Flowing generally south through rural western Georgia, the passes through Sprewell Bluff State Park. Farther south, it comes within 5 miles of Andersonville, the site of the Andersonville prison during the Civil War, in southwestern Georgia, the river flows through downtown Albany, the largest city on the river. At Bainbridge it joins Lake Seminole, formed at its confluence with the Chattahoochee River upstream from the Jim Woodruff Dam, from this confluence, the Apalachicola River flows south from the reservoir through Florida to the Gulf of Mexico. The Flint River is fed by Kinchafoonee Creek just north of Albany, in addition to Lake Seminole, the Flint River is impounded approximately 15 miles upstream from Albany to form the Lake Blackshear reservoir. The Flint River is one of only 40 rivers in the nation to flow more than 200 miles unimpeded by dams or other manmade systems, and is increasingly valued for that. In the 1970s, a plan by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers to build a dam at Sprewell Bluff in Upson County was defeated by the Jimmy Carter, Governor of Georgia, carters hometown of Plains is located near the Flint River. The river is considered to have three sections as it flows southward through western Georgia. In its upper reaches in the red hills of the Piedmont, south of its fall line near Culloden, the channel transforms to a broad, forested swampy flood plain. South of Lake Blackshear, it again, flowing through a channel in limestone rock above the Upper Floridan Aquifer below southwestern Georgia. The river has been prone to floods throughout its history, in 1994, during flooding from Tropical Storm Alberto, the river crested at 43 feet in Albany, resulting in the emergency evacuation of over 23,000 residents. It caused one of the worst natural disasters in the states history, interstate 75 was closed in Macon, and Albany State University was also seriously flooded, as the river became a few miles or several kilometers wide in some places. The water lifted caskets from cemeteries and left them, along with drowned cattle and other livestock, stuck in trees, montezuma, Georgia was completely inundated after the Flint River topped the 29-foot levee protecting the town from floodwater. The official depth of the river at the height of the flood was estimated at 34 feet, the nearby gauge was underwater, making it impossible to get an accurate reading
9.
Population density
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Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume, it is a quantity of type number density. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and most of the time to humans and it is a key geographical term. Population density is population divided by land area or water volume. Low densities may cause a vortex and lead to further reduced fertility. This is called the Allee effect after the scientist who identified it, commonly this may be calculated for a county, city, country, another territory, or the entire world. The worlds population is around 7,000,000,000, therefore, the worldwide human population density is around 7,000,000,000 ÷510,000,000 =13.7 per km2. If only the Earths land area of 150,000,000 km2 is taken into account and this includes all continental and island land area, including Antarctica. If Antarctica is also excluded, then population density rises to over 50 people per km2, thus, this number by itself does not give any helpful measurement of human population density. Several of the most densely populated territories in the world are city-states, microstates, cities with high population densities are, by some, considered to be overpopulated, though this will depend on factors like quality of housing and infrastructure and access to resources. Most of the most densely populated cities are in Southeast Asia, though Cairo, for instance, Milwaukee has a greater population density when just the inner city is measured, and the surrounding suburbs excluded. Arithmetic density, The total number of people / area of land, physiological density, The total population / area of arable land. Agricultural density, The total rural population / area of arable land, residential density, The number of people living in an urban area / area of residential land. Urban density, The number of people inhabiting an urban area / total area of urban land, ecological optimum, The density of population that can be supported by the natural resources. S. States by population density Selected Current and Historic City, Ward & Neighborhood Density
10.
Upson County, Georgia
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Upson County is a county located in the west central portion of the U. S. state of Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 27,153, the county was created on December 15,1824. Upson County comprises the Thomaston, GA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs. Upson County, in west central Georgia, was established by an act of the legislature on December 15,1824. The Treaty of Indian Springs between the United States and the Creek Indians gave the government the land extended from the Ocmulgee River to the Flint River through middle Georgia. Upson County was created from Pike and Crawford counties, many settlers were drawn to the area by the lottery system used to settle the acquired lands. The states fifty-ninth county was named in honor of the noted Georgia lawyer Stephen Upson just four months after his death, in March 1825 the justices of the inferior court bought land lot 217 in the Tenth District to build the courthouse and the jail. Around this lot grew Thomaston, the county seat, incorporated June 11,1825, the town was named for General Jett Thomas, a hero of the War of 1812. The majority of the settlers to Upson County came from the counties of Georgia. Some were wealthy plantation owners who owned many slaves. Farming the rich soil of the section of Upson County, around the town of The Rock, Georgia and along the Flint River. Other settlers came from North Carolina and South Carolina, the first cotton mill in Upson County, the Waymanville or Franklin Factory, was built on Tobler Creek in 1833, and in 1835 a group of New Englanders arrived to manufacture textiles. Double Bridges being the site where two bridges spanned either side of Owens Island in the middle of the Flint River, a brief Civil War cavalry skirmish took place there, on April 18,1865, Union raiders began three days of devastation in Upson County. Major General James Harrison Wilsons cavalry was headed toward Macon, its task was to destroy the agricultural and industrial facilities in the South, fifty men of the First Battalion Georgia Cavalry Reserves stood to defend the bridges. The defenders fired a few scattered shots at the larger Union forces before fleeing, homes were pillaged and burned, and several factories were destroyed, including the Waymanville cotton mill. After the war continued to be an important part of the countys economy. Thomaston Mills was an employer in the county from its beginning in 1899 until 2001. Martha Mills, a manufacturer of tire cord fabric, began operation in 1927 and ceased operations in 2006
11.
1890 United States Census
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The Eleventh United States Census was taken beginning June 2,1890. The data was tabulated by machine for the first time, the data reported that the distribution of the population had resulted in the disappearance of the American frontier. Data was entered on a machine readable medium, punched cards, the total population of 62,947,714, the family, or rough, count, was announced after only six weeks of processing. The public reaction to this tabulation was disbelief, as it was believed that the right answer was at least 75,000,000. The United States census of 1890 showed a total of 248,253 Native Americans living in America, down from 400,764 Native Americans identified in the census of 1850. The 1890 census announced that the region of the United States no longer existed. Up to and including the 1880 census, the country had a frontier of settlement, by 1890, isolated bodies of settlement had broken into the unsettled area to the extent that there was hardly a frontier line. This prompted Frederick Jackson Turner to develop his Frontier Thesis, the original data for the 1890 Census is no longer available. Almost all the schedules were damaged in a fire in the basement of the Commerce Building in Washington. Some 25% of the materials were presumed destroyed and another 50% damaged by smoke, the damage to the records led to an outcry for a permanent National Archives. The Librarian was asked by the Bureau to identify any records which should be retained for historical purposes, congress authorized destruction of that list of records on February 21,1933, and the surviving original 1890 census records were destroyed by government order by 1934 or 1935. The other censuses for which information has been lost are the 1800 and 1810 enumerations. Mayo-Smith, Richmond, The Eleventh Census of the United States
12.
1930 United States Census
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The original census enumeration sheets were microfilmed by the Census Bureau in 1949, after which the original sheets were destroyed. The microfilmed census is located on 2,667 rolls of microfilm, several organizations also host images of the microfilmed census online, and digital indices. Microdata from the 1930 census are available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System
Pike County, Georgia
