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Pilum
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The pilum was a javelin commonly used by the Roman army in ancient times. It was generally about 2 m long overall, consisting of an iron shank about 7 mm in diameter and 600 mm long with a pyramidal h
Pilum
Pilum
Legionaries carrying pila, as depicted on the Tropaeum Traiani
Legionaries carrying pila, as depicted on the Tropaeum Traiani
Reconstruction of a post-Marian pilum
Reconstruction of a post-Marian pilum
Close-up of re-enactment pila
Close-up of re-enactment pila
Early Roman army
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The early Roman army was deployed by ancient Rome during its Regal Era and into the early Republic around 300 BC, when the so-called "Polybian" or manipular legion was introduced.
Gate of the so-called "Servian Wall", Caelian Hill, Rome. The wall, made of massive tufa stone blocks, was built shortly after Rome was sacked by the Gauls in 390 BC. Several sections survive to this day
Gate of the so-called "Servian Wall", Caelian Hill, Rome. The wall, made of massive tufa stone blocks, was built shortly after Rome was sacked by the
Relief of a Spartan hoplite, c. 510 BC. Detail from the Vix bronze krater, Musée du Pays Châtillonnais, France
Relief of a Spartan hoplite, c. 510 BC. Detail from the Vix bronze krater, Musée du Pays Châtillonnais, France
Reconstruction of Greek hoplites in Phalanx formation c. 480 BC
Reconstruction of Greek hoplites in Phalanx formation c. 480 BC