Pioneer (submarine)
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Pioneer was the first of three submarines privately developed and paid for by Horace Lawson Hunley, James McClintock, and Baxter Watson.
The Confederate submarine Pioneer drawn by Ensign David M. Stauffer of the Mississippi Squadron, 1865
Pioneer full-scale replica on display at the Warren Lasch Conservation Center
Horace Lawson Hunley
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Horace Lawson Hunley was a Confederate marine engineer during the American Civil War. He developed early hand-powered submarines, the most famous of which was posthumously named for him, H. L. Hunley.
Hunley in c. 1860
Cross-section of the American Diver. From a sketch drawn by James R. McClintock in 1872.
H.L. Hunley by Conrad Wise Chapman 1863