A pioneer movement is an organization for children operated by a communist party. Typically children enter into the organization in elementary school and continue until adolescence. The adolescents then typically join the Young Communist League. Prior to the 1990s there was a wide cooperation between pioneer and similar movements of about 30 countries, coordinated by the international organization, International Committee of Children's and Adolescents' Movements, founded in 1958, with headquarters in Budapest, Hungary.
Young Pioneers at a Young Pioneer camp in Kazakh SSR.
Indoctrination is the process of inculcating a person with ideas, attitudes, cognitive strategies or professional methodologies. Broadly speaking, indoctrination can refer to a general process of socialization. In common discourse, the term often has a pejorative valence to refer to forms of brainwashing or for disagreeable forms of socialization.
Hitler Youth members performing the Nazi salute at a rally at the Lustgarten in Berlin, 1933
Girl holding Chairman Mao's quotes (1968)
American schoolchildren performing the Pledge of Allegiance (1973)
"Young Pioneer guards of honor". Moscow, 1984