The platinum-group metals (PGMs), also known as the platinoids, platinides, platidises, platinum group, platinum metals, platinum family or platinum-group elements (PGEs), are six noble, precious metallic elements clustered together in the periodic table. These elements are all transition metals in the d-block.
Replica of the NIST national prototype kilogram standard, made in 90% platinum, 10% iridium alloy
Process flow diagram for the separation of the platinum group metals.
A noble metal is ordinarily regarded as a metallic chemical element that is generally resistant to corrosion and is usually found in nature in its raw form. Gold, platinum, and the other platinum group metals are most often so classified. Silver, copper, and mercury are sometimes included as noble metals, but each of these usually occurs in nature combined with sulfur.
Chalcopyrite, which is copper iron sulfide (CuFeS2), is the most abundant copper ore mineral
One half of a ruthenium bar. Size ~ 40 × 15 × 10 mm Weight ~44 g
Rhodium: 1 g powder, 1g pressed cylinder, 1 g pellet.
Palladium