Plato's unwritten doctrines
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Plato's unwritten doctrines are metaphysical theories ascribed to him by his students and other ancient philosophers but not clearly formulated in his writings. In recent research, they are sometimes
Aristotle referred to Plato's 'unwritten doctrines' and discussed Plato's principle theory.
Papirus Oxyrhynchus, with fragment of Plato's Republic
The beginning of the Seventh Letter in the oldest, surviving manuscript from the ninth century CE (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, Gr. 1807)
Aristotle, his student Theophrastus, and Strato of Lampsacus (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens)
Plato
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Plato was an ancient Greek philosopher of Classical Athens who is most commonly considered the foundational thinker of the Western philosophical tradition. An innovator of the literary dialogue and di
Plato's unwritten doctrines
…Plato's unwritten doctrines are metaphysical theories ascribed to him by his students and other ancient philosophers but not clearly formulated in his writings…
Plato was one of the devoted young followers of Socrates, whose bust is pictured above.
Heraclitus (1628) by Hendrick ter Brugghen. Heraclitus saw a world in flux, with everything always in conflict, constantly changing.
Bust of Parmenides from Velia. Parmenides saw the world as eternal and unchanging, that all change was an illusion.
The mathematical and mystical teachings of the followers of Pythagoras, pictured above, exerted a strong influence on Plato.