1.
Malate, Manila
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Malate is a district of Manila, Philippines. Together with the district of Ermita, it serves as Manilas center for commerce, the word Malate is believed to have stemmed from the corruption of the Tagalog word maalat. Tradition notes that the tidewaters from Manila Bay flowed far inland, Malate during the Spanish colonial period was an open space with a small fishing village. During the Spanish period, the center of activity was the Malate Church, devotion to the image was especially popular among pregnant women having a difficult pregnancy. American expatriates and some of the old Spanish mestizo families populated the district in high rise apartments. Despite extensive damage after the Second World War, many homes, the displaced wealthy families who evacuated their homes during the war returned and re-built their private villas and kept the whole district exclusively residential until the 1970s. During the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos, visual and performing artists found a haven in Malate during the 1980s and it became a bohemian enclave and safe haven. Malate is continuously transforming itself as the center of recreation and entertainment for Manila with more restaurants, boutiques, bars, discos and novelty stores opening for business. The block bounded by the streets, Maria Orosa, Julio Nakpil, Adriatico and Remedios have become synonymous to street parties, al fresco dining, street dancing and concerts. The western side of Malate across Taft Avenue remains a quiet area with several apartment rows converted into dormitories for students enrolled at nearby schools. The district can be accessed by the main roads like the Roxas Boulevard, Quirino Avenue. The Light Rail Transit follows Taft Avenue and stops at three stations located in Malate, Vito Cruz Station, Quirino Station and Pedro Gil Station, the Bureau of Plant Industry is also headquartered in the area. In the 1990s, Malate and the district of Ermita had been cleaned-up and big businesses. Harrison Plaza, Manilas first enclosed mall, is located in the Malate district. There is one hospital, the Ospital ng Maynila Medical Center, located at the corner of Roxas Boulevard, the district is also home to the Philippines first sports stadium, the Rizal Memorial Sports Complex and the countrys premiere zoological park, the Manila Zoological and Botanical Garden. Promenades and parks by the Manila Bay have been more convenient and safe with the opening of the Manila Baywalk area. A portion of the Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex also lies within the district, education in Malate is mostly provided by private schools. Paul University Manila and St. Scholasticas College Manila, prominent secondary schools in Malate are the Jesus Reigns Christian Academy, Jose Abad Santos Memorial School and the Malate Catholic School
2.
Rajah Sulayman
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He also inherited rule of nearby Tondo and Namayan, becoming the first sovereign to hold all three realms in personal union. He was the kingdoms penultimate indigenous ruler, as the state, was absorbed into the Spanish Empire beginning in the late 16th century. His eldest son, Banao Dula, was crowned Lakan when Sulayman I was too sick to function as monarch, Sulayman I is the grandson of Abdul Bolkiah of the Sultanate of Brunei and the son of Sulayman Bolkiah. Sulayman l did not use the surname Bolkiah but instead used the title of Rajah Soliman Dula l. Spanish documents note that Sulaymans subjects called him Raja Mura or Raja Muda, the Spanish glossed this name as Young Raja, a reference to the fact that he was Raja Matandas nephew and heir apparent. The Spaniards also called him Raja Solimano el Mow, Rajah Sulayman was there when the invasion of Legazpi occurred. It is believed that Islam would have disseminated all over the Philippines, the Spanish conquest was fought against by Rajah Lakandula, Rajah Matanda, and their nephew Rajah Sulayman. Bruneis Sultan had familial ties with the Borneo originated royals who ruled Manila, Manila was converted by Muslims from Borneo. This signal the start of the age old sovereign based confict in the Archipelago, the royals and nobility of Brunei converted the royals of Manila to Islam and established familiar relations by matrimony which is why Rajah Sulayman was a known Muslim when the Spanish arrived. Julkipli M. Wadi wrote Rajah Sulayman, Spain and the transformation of the Islamic Manila, miguel López de Legazpi, Juan de Salcedo, and Martín de Goiti led the invasion by the Spanish against Rajah Lakandula, Rajah Matanda and Maynilas final Muslim ruler, Rjaha Sulayman III. Jose N. Svilla composed a Tagalog language Rajah Suulayman bio, a monument dedicated to Rajah Sulayman was erected by the inhabitants in memory of his resistance and martyrdom against the Spanish. Tondo ruled by Lakandula and Manila ruled by Sulayman were both Muslim since Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao and Sulu all experienced Islamic proselytization, Muslims were already all over the islands of the Philippines during the entry of the Spanish. This area was a pre-colonial Indianized kingdom of Sri Vijaya and at their arrival has already shifted to Majapahit Empire, Goiti anchored at Cavite and established his authority by sending a message of friendship to the states surrounding the Pasig River. Sulayman, who had given authority over these settlements by the ageing Rajah Matanda, was willing to accept the friendship from the Spaniards. However, he refused to cede his sovereignty, and had no choice, as a result, Goíti and his army invaded the kingdoms in June 1570, sacked and burned the great city before returning to Panay. When López de Legazpi died in 1572, his successor, Governor-General Guido de Lavezaris and he sequestered the properties of both kings and tolerated Spanish atrocities. In response, Sulayman and Lakan Dula led a revolt in the villages of Navotas in 1574 and this is often referred to as the Manila Revolt of 1574 but is sometimes referred to as the Sulayman Revolt and the Lakan Dula Revolt. Since it involved naval forces, the Sulayman Revolt is also known as the First Battle of Manila Bay, friar Geronimo Marín and Juan de Salcedo were tasked with pursuing conciliatory talks with the kingdoms
3.
Roxas Boulevard
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Roxas Boulevard is a popular waterfront promenade in Manila in the Philippines. The boulevard, which runs along the shores of Manila Bay, is known for its sunsets. The divided roadway has become a trademark of Philippine tourism, famed for its club, hotels, restaurants, commercial buildings. Originally called Cavite Boulevard, it was renamed Dewey Boulevard in honor of the American Admiral George Dewey, the boulevard is also an eight-lane major arterial road in Metro Manila designated as Radial Road 1 that connects the center of the City of Manila with Pasay and Parañaque. It is also a national road designated as a component of N61 of the Philippine highway network. The arcing road runs in a direction from Luneta in Manila and ends in Parañaque at the intersection of NAIA Road. Beyond its southern terminus, starts the Manila-Cavite Expressway, also known as the Coastal Road, or more recently, the Cavite Boulevard was part of Architect Daniel Burnhams plan for beautifying the city of Manila. The boulevards seaward side should be planted so as to interrupt occasionally the view of the sea and, by thus adding somewhat of mystery, enhance the value of the stretch of ocean and sky. The boulevard would be on reclaimed land to about as far south as the Old Fort San Antonio Abad in Malate, beyond which it strikes the beach and follows the shore line to Cavite
4.
Manila
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Manila, officially City of Manila, is the capital of the Philippines. Founded on June 24,1571, by Spanish conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi and it is situated on the eastern shore of Manila Bay and is home to many landmarks, some of which date back to the 16th century. In 2012, the Globalization and World Cities Research Network listed Manila as a global city, the city proper is home to 1,780,148 people in 2015, forming the historic core of Metro Manila, the capital region of the Philippines. The metropolitan area, which includes the much larger Quezon City, Manila is also the most densely populated city proper in the world, with 41,515 people per square kilometer. The term Manila is commonly used to refer to either the whole area or the city proper. Manila is located on the shore of the Manila Bay on one of the finest harbors in the country. The city has six districts for the lower house of the Philippine Congress. Manila was once ruled by the Kingdom of Tondo before it became a province of the Majapahit Empire. During the Bruneian invasion of the Philippines, Sultan Bolkiah of Brunei captured Seludong and renamed it Maynilà, Maynilà became a vassal state of the Sultanate of Brunei, established to overpower Tondo. In 1571, conquistadors arrived from Mexico, across the Pacific Ocean, Spanish missionaries soon Christianized the city, incorporated Tondo and built some of the oldest churches in the country, including San Agustin Church. The conquistadors renamed the area Nuevo Reino de Castilla, Manila became the center of Spanish activity in the Far East and one end of the Manila–Acapulco galleon trade route linking Spanish America with Asia, one of the earliest examples of globalization. Because of its location on Pacific trade routes, Manila received the moniker Pearl of the Orient. Spanish rule of the Philippine archipelago lasted for more than three centuries, until 1898, order was usually quickly restored and the city returned to the business of trade. In the 19th century, Manila was one of the most modern cities in Asia, before the Spanish–American War, it saw the rise of the Philippine Revolution. After the war, the United States took control, switched the official language from Spanish to English, near the end of World War II, during the Battle of Manila, most of the city was flattened by intensive aerial bombardment by the United States Air Force. As a result, relatively little remains of Manilas prewar and colonial architecture, although there are ongoing projects, especially within the old walled city. Maynilà, the Filipino name for the city, originated from the word nilà, referring to a mangrove tree that grew on the delta of the Pasig River. The flowers were made into garlands that, according to folklore, were offered to statues on religious altars or in churches
5.
Philippines
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The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is a sovereign island country in Southeast Asia situated in the western Pacific Ocean. It consists of about 7,641 islands that are categorized broadly under three main geographical divisions from north to south, Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao, the capital city of the Philippines is Manila and the most populous city is Quezon City, both part of Metro Manila. The Philippines has an area of 300,000 square kilometers, and it is the eighth-most populated country in Asia and the 12th most populated country in the world. As of 2013, approximately 10 million additional Filipinos lived overseas, multiple ethnicities and cultures are found throughout the islands. In prehistoric times, Negritos were some of the archipelagos earliest inhabitants and they were followed by successive waves of Austronesian peoples. Exchanges with Chinese, Malay, Indian, and Islamic nations occurred, then, various competing maritime states were established under the rule of Datus, Rajahs, Sultans or Lakans. The arrival of Ferdinand Magellan in Homonhon, Eastern Samar in 1521 marked the beginning of Hispanic colonization, in 1543, Spanish explorer Ruy López de Villalobos named the archipelago Las Islas Filipinas in honor of Philip II of Spain. With the arrival of Miguel López de Legazpi from Mexico City, in 1565, the Philippines became part of the Spanish Empire for more than 300 years. This resulted in Roman Catholicism becoming the dominant religion, during this time, Manila became the western hub of the trans-Pacific trade connecting Asia with Acapulco in the Americas using Manila galleons. Aside from the period of Japanese occupation, the United States retained sovereignty over the islands until after World War II, since then, the Philippines has often had a tumultuous experience with democracy, which included the overthrow of a dictatorship by a non-violent revolution. It is a member of the United Nations, World Trade Organization, Association of Southeast Asian Nations, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum. It also hosts the headquarters of the Asian Development Bank, the Philippines was named in honor of King Philip II of Spain. Spanish explorer Ruy López de Villalobos, during his expedition in 1542, named the islands of Leyte, eventually the name Las Islas Filipinas would be used to cover all the islands of the archipelago. Before that became commonplace, other such as Islas del Poniente. The official name of the Philippines has changed several times in the course of its history, during the Philippine Revolution, the Malolos Congress proclaimed the establishment of the República Filipina or the Philippine Republic. From the 1898 Treaty of Paris, the name Philippines began to appear, since the end of World War II, the official name of the country has been the Republic of the Philippines. The metatarsal of the Callao Man, reliably dated by uranium-series dating to 67,000 years ago is the oldest human remnant found in the archipelago to date and this distinction previously belonged to the Tabon Man of Palawan, carbon-dated to around 26,500 years ago. Negritos were also among the archipelagos earliest inhabitants, but their first settlement in the Philippines has not been reliably dated, there are several opposing theories regarding the origins of ancient Filipinos
6.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
7.
Town square
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A town square is an open public space commonly found in the heart of a traditional town used for community gatherings. Other names for town square are civic center, city square, urban square, market square, public square, piazza, plaza, most town squares are hardscapes suitable for open markets, music concerts, political rallies, and other events that require firm ground. Being centrally located, town squares are surrounded by small shops such as bakeries, meat markets, cheese stores. At their center is often a fountain, well, monument, many of those with fountains are actually called fountain square. In urban planning, a city square or urban square is an open area in a city. Red Square in Moscow was originally used as a marketplace and later became the stage for Soviet military parades. Similarly, Beijings Tiananmen Square was the scene of both communist parades and anti-government protests, john-F. -Kennedy-Platz was the site of the West Berlin town hall and John F. Kennedys famous Ich bin ein Berliner speech. New York Citys Times Square as well as Bryant Park, Washington, D. C. s National Mall, trafalgar Square in London does the same for the United Kingdom. Saint Peters Square in Vatican City, the enclave within Rome. Yonge-Dundas Square in Toronto is a renowned and famous square in Canada, nathan Phillips Square is a popular square in front of Torontos landmark City Hall. Hviezdoslavovo námestie is one of the squares in Bratislava and a centre of a social life. Dam Square in Amsterdam for the Netherlands, Main Market Square in Kraków, Market Place in Warsaw and Wrocław Main Square for Poland. The City Hall Square, Copenhagen for Denmark, praça do Comércio, in Lisbon, Portugal, was formerly known as the Terreiro do Paço. It was destroyed after the 1755 Lisbon earthquake but was rebuilt, the symmetrical buildings around the square hold government bureaus and ministries. Wenceslas Square is one of the city squares in the New Town of Prague. In Mainland China, Peoples Square is a designation for the central town square of modern Chinese cities. These squares are the site of government buildings, museums and other public buildings, the probably best-known and largest such square in China is Tienanmen Square. The German word for square is Platz, which also means Place and these have been focal points of public life in towns and cities from the Middle Ages to today
8.
Malate Church
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Malate Church is a church in Manila, Philippines. It is a Baroque-style church fronted by Plaza Rajah Sulayman and, ultimately, the church is dedicated to Nuestra Señora de los Remedios, the patroness of childbirth. A revered statue of the Virgin Mary in her role as Our Lady of Remedies was brought from Spain in 1624 and stands at the altar. Malate used to be known as Maalat due to the waters of the bay, and as Laguio or Lagunoi. It is located by Manila Bay, very close to the sea, one main street crosses it at the center, it is wide and beautiful and leads up to Cavite. The numerous trees make this road a pleasant walk and it lies just three kilometers from the center of Manila. The Augustinian Chapter held on 18 September 1581 accepted the house of Maalat as a house of the Order under the name of Lagunoi and the advocation of the Conception of Our Lady. In the Chapter held on 17 May 1590, three resident priests of the monastery of San Agustin were charged with the care of the natives of Malate, alfonso de Castro, Diego Munoz and Ildefonso Gutierrez. The report of the Father Provincial of 1591 reveals that the house of Malate together with Lagunoi has 1,200 souls, convent, juan de Guevara brought from Andalucía, Spain the image of the Virgen de los Remedios which was said to be very miraculous. It had graceful features, says San Agustin, was half vara high, I saw the image a thousand times, writes Castro, but she never looked brown to me, but rather white with hands and face of white ivory. The devotion to the Virgen de los Remedios made Malate a very famous sanctuary, people flocked to venerate the image, especially on Saturdays. Women presented their babies to the Virgin, except for a short time, Malate was always administered by the Augustinians. P. Pasay separated from Malate under the name of Pineda on 17 May 1863, Malate was also a place of recreation for the residents of the Walled City, a meeting place for noblemen, Tagalogs and their chieftains like Rajah Matanda and Rajah Soliman. It easily became the most aristocratic barrio of Manila where Spaniards, in 1591, Malate had only one church and one convent. The church and convent dedicated to the Nativity of Our Lady were damaged by the 1645 Luzon earthquake, San Agustin describes the latter as a magnificent work of arches and stone. Church and convent suffered heavily during the earthquake of 1645, then in 1667, both structures were destroyed on orders of Gov. Sabiniano Manrique de Lara due to the threat posed by the pirate Koxinga. In 1669, the father provincial placed the convent of Malate under his immediate care, dionisio Suarez began the construction of a new church and convent made of bricks and stone in 1677-1679. In 1721, the convent was in condition, and the coffers of the house empty
9.
Rajahnate of Maynila
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It is one of the settlements mentioned by the Philippines earliest historical record, the Laguna Copperplate Inscription. Thus, it became a force in trade throughout Southeast Asia. Tondos regional prominence further culminated during the period of its associated trade, and by around 1500, the kingdom reached its peak as a thalassocratic force in the northern part of the archipelago. Following contact with the Spanish Empire beginning in 1570 and the defeat of local rulers in the Manila Bay area in 1571, Tondo was ruled from Manila. The kingdoms absorption into the Spanish Empire effectively ended its status as an independent kingdom, numerous theories on the origin of the name Tondo have been put forward. Filipino National Artist Nick Joaquin suggested that it might be a reference to high ground, french linguist Jean-Paul Potet, however, has suggested that the River Mangrove, Aegiceras corniculatum, which at the time was called tundok, is the most likely origin of the name. The bay area in which Tondo can be found was named Lusong or Lusung and this name was eventually used as the modern name of the entire island of Luzon. Rajah Alon, King of Tondo and son of Lakan Timamanukum, expanded the Kingdom of Tondo by conquering neighboring territories such as Kapampangan chiefdoms, Kumintang and he was succeeded by his grandson Rajah Gambang. The Tondo Dynasty lasted until the end of the 15th century, the first reference to Tondo occurs in the Philippines oldest historical record — the Laguna Copperplate Inscription. This legal document was written in Kawi, and dates back to Saka 822, the article mentioned that other places in the Philippines and their Rulers, Pailah, Puliran Kasumuran, Binwangan. While the document does not describe the relationship of the King of Tundun with these other rulers. The next historical reference to Ancient Tondo can be found in the Ming Shilu Annals and her rulers, based in their capital, Tondo were acknowledged not as mere chieftains, but as kings. This reference places Tondo into the context of Chinese trade with the aboriginals of the Philippine archipelago. But the earliest archeological evidence of trade between the Philippine aborigines and China takes the form of pottery and porcelain pieces dated to the Tang and Song Dynasties and it is believed that the people of Tondo kingdom were related to Malay of Malay peninsula and Sumatra. They belonged to the nobility class similar to the Timawa of the Visayan people. In modern Filipino, however, the term itself has come to mean royal nobility. The different type of culture prevalent in Luzon gave a stable and more complex social structure to the pre-colonial Tagalog barangays of Manila, Pampanga. The more complex structure of the Tagalogs was less stable during the arrival of the Spaniards because it was still in a process of differentiating
10.
Manila Bay
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Manila Bay is a natural harbour which serves the Port of Manila, in the Philippines. Manila Bay drains approximately 17,000 km2 of watershed area, with an average depth of 17 m, it is estimated to have a total volume of 28.9 billion cubic metres. Entrance to the bay is 19 km wide and expands to a width of 48 km, however, width of the bay varies from 22 km at its mouth and expanding to 60 km at its widest point. The islands of Corregidor and Caballo divides the entrance into two channels, about 2 mi towards the North and 6.5 mi wide on the South side. Mariveles, in the province of Bataan, is an anchorage just inside the northern entrance, on either side of the bay are volcanic peaks topped with tropical foliage,40 km to the north is the Bataan Peninsula and to the south is the province of Cavite. In the south channel is El Fraile Island and outside the entrance, to the immediate north and south are additional harbors, upon which both local and international ports are situated. Large number of ships at the North and South harbors facilitate maritime activities in the bay, being smaller of the two harbors, the North Harbor is used for inter-island shipping while the South Harbor is used for large ocean-going vessels. Manila Bay was connected to Laguna de Bay approximately 3,000 years ago, recurring episodic uplifts along the West Marikina Valley Fault caused the two to break up. Interaction between Manila Bay and Laguna de Bay today occurs only through the Pasig River, the bay was the setting for the Battle of Manila Bay in 1898, in which American troops led by Commodore George Dewey seized the area. This battle showcased the United States naval strength, all major Spanish ships were destroyed and captured. With its proud historic past and abundant marine life, Manila Bay became the portal and Filipino epicenter for government, economy. During the Russo-Japanese War at the close of the Battle of Tsushima in 1905, three surviving Russian protected cruisers managed to make port in then-United States-controlled Manila for repairs. However, because the US was neutral in conflict, the trio of warships. In World War II, Corregidor Island was annexed by 1942 by Japanese forces based in Manila Bay, much earlier, various other battles were fought from this naval base, including the La Naval de Manila in 1646, which finally ended Dutch attempts to seize the Philippines. It also serves a focus for recreation for Metro Manila and is a destination for walks. Much of the land fronting the bay along Metro Manila is reclaimed land now includes important sites such as the Philippine Senate. On 27 September 2011, the sea walls of Manila Bay were destroyed by the surge caused by Typhoon Pedring. Even the United States Embassy, Museo Pambata and Sofitel Philippine Plaza were submerged by the flooding and it was estimated that the damage would cost P30 million to repair
11.
Lito Atienza
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José Livioko Atienza, Jr. commonly known by his nickname Lito Atienza, is the former city mayor of Manila and former secretary of the Department of Environment and Resources. He stepped down as mayor of Manila on June 30,2007 and he currently hosts GMA Networks Maynila since 1998. Atienza was born in the San Andrés Bukid district of Manila, atienza’s father, Jose J. Atienza, Sr. was a distinguished public servant to three Philippine presidents. A third uncle, Arturo, became a renowned lawyer, the four brothers were all members of the Hunters resistance against the Japanese occupation during World War II. He took up his primary and secondary education from Ateneo de Manila University and he is married to Evalina Ilagan with their children including TV host Kim Atienza and athlete-turned newscaster Ali Atienza. Atienza started his career in 1968 when he organized the Democratic Youth Movement. He was one of those who survived the Plaza Miranda bombing in 1971, after the 1971 elections, Atienza was given a job by then Manila Mayor Ramon Bagatsing as his chief information officer at the City Hall. He worked closely under the stewardship of Mayor Bagatsing for almost ten years, during Martial Law, Atienza was arrested twice for exposing human rights abuses under the dictatorship regime of President Ferdinand E. Marcos at that time. He remained with the even if he was on constant threat of incarceration for opposing Marcos. Under the administration of President Corazon Aquino, Atienza was appointed General Manager of the National Housing Authority in 1988 and he promoted low-cost housing for teachers, together with a former Manila police general, Alfredo S. Lim running for mayor, Atienza ran as vice-mayor in Manila. The two defeated the incumbent slate of then Mayor Gemiliano Lopez, Jr. Atienza was again re-elected in 2001 and finally in 2004. The Supreme Court ruled on April 17,2007, that Drilon was the real President of the LP, voting 9-5, the court said the amended Salonga Constitution extended Drilon’s term to November 2007. On July 16,2007, the Supreme Court dismissed with finality a motion for consideration filed by former Manila mayor Lito Atienza. COMELEC earlier ruled that Drilons term as LP president has already expired and called for the holding of elections to end the leadership vacuum in the country’s oldest political party, the ruling came after the poll body invalidated the so-called rump elections of LP leaders in March 2006. Atienzas appointment came as a shock to environment groups, who had dubbed him as the butcher of Arroceros. On November 26,2007, at Club Filipino, Greenhills, San Juan, Corazon Aquino and Jovito Salonga, inter alia, signed the resolution. Roxas is to unite the two LP factions, and set the stage for his campaign in the 2010 election. Atienza stated, “I have no invitation and they kicked me out of the meeting, How can you unite the party when you take the wrong step
12.
Pedestrian crossing
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A pedestrian crossing or crosswalk is a place designated for pedestrians to cross a road. Crosswalks are designed to keep pedestrians together where they can be seen by motorists, and they are also commonly installed where large numbers of pedestrians are attempting to cross or where vulnerable road users regularly cross. Rules govern usage of the crossings to ensure safety, for example, in some areas. Signalised pedestrian crossings clearly separate when each type of traffic can use the crossing, unsignalized crossings generally assist pedestrians, and usually prioritise pedestrians, depending on the locality. Pedestrian crossings already existed more than 2000 years ago, as can be seen in the ruins of Pompeii, blocks raised on the road allowed pedestrians to cross the street without having to step onto the road itself which doubled up as Pompeiis drainage and sewage disposal system. The spaces between the blocks allowed horse-drawn carts to pass along the road, the first pedestrian crossing signal was erected in Bridge Street, Westminster, Middlesex, in December 1868. It was the idea of John Peake Knight, a railway engineer, the signal consisted of a semaphore arm, which was raised and lowered manually by a police constable who would rotate a handle on the side of the pole. The semaphore arms were augmented by gas illuminated lights at the top to increase visibility of the signal at night, however, in January 1869, the gas used to illuminate the lights at the top leaked and caused an explosion, injuring the police operator. No further work was done on signalled pedestrian crossings until fifty years later, in the early 20th century, car traffic increased dramatically. A reader of The Times wrote to the editor in 1911, Could you do something to help the pedestrian to recover the old margin of safety on our common streets and it is heartrending to read of the fearful deaths taking place. If a pedestrian now has even one hesitation or failure the chance of escape from a death is now much less than when all vehicles were much slower. There is, too, in the motor traffic an evident desire not to slow down before the last moment and it is surely a scandal that on the common ways there should be undue apprehension in the minds of the weakest users of them. While the streets and roads are for all, of necessity the pedestrians, unmarked crossings may occur at any intersection, except at locations where pedestrian crossing is expressly prohibited. In the US these are called unmarked crosswalks, the simplest marked crossings may just consist of some markings on the road surface. In the US these are known as marked crosswalks, in the UK these are often called Zebra crossings, referring to the alternate white and black stripes painted on the road surface. If the pedestrian has priority over vehicular traffic using the crossing. In some countries, pedestrians may not have priority, but may be committing an offence if they cross the road elsewhere, some crossings have pedestrian traffic signals that allow pedestrians and road traffic to use the crossing alternately. On some traffic signals, pressing a button is required to trigger the signal
13.
Remedios Circle
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Originally a cemetery in colonial times, the circle is known today for being the center of Manilas nightlife, as well as a popular cruising spot for men who have sex with men. Remedios Circle was originally the Malate Cemetery, built in a similar to what is now Paco Park. The circle and its area were destroyed by aerial bombs dropped in the Battle of Manila during World War II. Immediately after the war, the Malate Cemetery was turned over to the Philippine government by the Catholic Church, demolished, and the bodies re-interred at the Manila South Cemetery. Government investment has focused largely on improvements, with the circle last being renovated in 2006. On August 30,2009, a monument to Marcelo H. del Pilar was transferred here by the Association of Filipino Journalists, remedios Circle was one of the settings for The Bourne Legacy, which was shot in Manila. In the scene, a Filipina woman, Marta, was being chased by two policemen from the Manila Police District until she reaches an end, a narrow alleyway in a nearby slum. This alleyway, known internally as the chasm, was in fact built for the movie
14.
Lovers' lane
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A lovers lane is a secluded area where people kiss, make out, or sometimes engage in sexual activity. These areas range from parking lots in secluded areas to places with extraordinary views of a cityscape or other feature. Lovers lanes are typically found in cultures built around the automobile—lovers often make out in a car or van for privacy, Lovers lanes have existed for centuries, sometimes as places for secret meetings with a loved one or as a euphemism for red-light districts and other areas of prostitution. The Oxford English Dictionary records use of the lovers lane from 1853. The area on the south-east side of Fullers Bridge, which crosses the Lane Cove River, Lovers Lane is a famous road in St. Joseph, Missouri of which a popular poem by Eugene Field was written. Lovers Lane is most often in the urban legend The Hook, the bowdlerised version Love Lane is sometimes seen. Jowett Walk, Oxford, once had this name, the Bogle-Chandler case has baffled law enforcement and forensic experts up to present day. Several of the Zodiac Killers victims were murdered in lovers lanes in northern California, several attacks perpetrated by the Son of Sam serial killer also took place in such settings. An attack of two Mercer University students happened on the night of January 2,1995, by Andy Cook Gropecunt Lane Lovers Leap
15.
Alfredo Lim
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Alfredo Fred Siojo Lim is a Chinese Filipino politician who served as Mayor of the City of Manila from 1992 to 1998 and 2007 to 2013 and senator of the Philippines from 2004 to 2007. Prior to entering politics, Lim served as a policeman for three decades, during the administration of President Corazon Aquino, he was appointed as the Director of the National Bureau of Investigation. In 1992, he ran as mayor of Manila and won and he made an unsuccessful bid to the presidency in 1998. Two years later, in 2000, he was appointed by President Joseph Estrada as the Secretary of the Department of the Interior, during the 2004 elections, he ran for senator and won. Three years later, in 2007, he decided not to finish his term in the Senate and he lost his bid for a fifth nonconsecutive term to Estrada in 2013. Because of his stance against suspected criminals, Lim was able to earn the nickname “Dirty Harry. ”Lim was born on 21 December 1929 at the Emmanuel Community Hospital in Manuguit, Tondo, Manila to Rosario Siojo. His father, Alfredo Lim, Sr. died before he was born, when he was in pre-school, his mother remarried and left him at the Hospicio de San Jose. When he was in the grade, he was put under the care of his maternal grandmother. After his grandmother’s death in 1943, he lived with his godmother and he finished primary school as a salutatorian at the P. Gomez Elementary School in 1943. While in high school, Lim studied in four different schools and he spent his first year at the Bohol Institute of Technology and the next year at San Beda College. He then transferred to UST High School for his year and then at the Far Eastern University. He earned a degree of Business Administration in 1951 and a Bachelor of Law in 1963 at the University of the East, in 1981, he finished his masters degree in national security administration with honours at the National Defense College of the Philippines. When Lim began work in the police in the 1950s, one of his first accomplishments was arresting future Senator Robert Barbers for illegal possession of firearms. Then Manila Vice Mayor James Barbers tried to negotiate with Lim to release Robert Barbers without charges, a decorated police officer, Lim earned numerous commendations and awards. After retiring from the police, Lim was appointed Director of the National Bureau of Investigation, since regular agents had to be fairly half of the forces positions were vacant, and there were few takers because of the low salary. Lim also lobbied for the position of special investigator which was realised to complement regular agents, in 1992, he beat six opponents in the election to become mayor of Manila. As mayor, he worked on a law and order program which lessened crime. Lim also worked on projects to improve the citys image which had been bad when he assumed office
16.
Summit Media
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T/A Summit Media, is a consumer magazine publisher in the Philippines, founded in June 1995. Its first published magazine was called Preview, since then, it turned into a publication conglomerate which publishes several lifestyle magazines titles, including Candy for young Filipino girls and Yes. The company is owned by Lisa Gokongwei-Cheng, the daughter of Filipino businessman John Gokongwei. It has expanded to publishing specialized magazines for companies and occasions in the Philippines, the company also dominated the local book publishing measurement with seven out of 10 books sold. Its different magazine titles are printed to copies that run over 100,000 and it has been cited in Philippine Business magazine and Eventsite. As of January 2016, titles published by Summit Media include, Preview - A local fashion magazine and it was the very first magazine of Summit, leading to its establishment. Cosmopolitan - A female fashion magazine, it was launched in 1997, - A local showbiz-oriented magazine, it was launched in 2000. Candy - A female teen-oriented lifestyle magazine, it was launched in 1999, FHM - A sexy mens lifestyle magazine for all men, it was launched in 2000, the Philippines leading magazine. Esquire - A latest mens fashion & lifestyle magazine, it was launched in 2011, top Gear - A number #1 car magazine for all car and all other auto enthusiasts, it was launched in 2004. Disneys Princesses - A female kids story magazine from Disney, k-Zone - A kids magazine for all ages, it was launched in 2002. Total Girl - An all girl kids magazine, it was launched in 2004, town & Country - A luxury lifestyle magazine, it was launched in 2007 Yummy - A food magazine, it was launched in 2007. Sparkling - A K-Pop entertainment and lifestyle magazine, it was launched in 2010, Forbes Philippines - A business magazine, it was launched in 2015. T3 Marie Claire November 2005-April 2009 Martha Stewart Weddings OK, good Dog Seventeen Womens Health Runners World ELLE Decoration Total Girl Summit Media operates web-exclusive sites of its published magazines. Philippine Entertainment Portal, Inc. a joint venture with GMA New Media, Inc. operates Philippine Entertainment Portal, BBC Worldwide Bauer Media Group Blackpencil Manila Disney Publishing Worldwide Egmont Group Entrepreneur Media Forbes Inc. Future plc GMA New Media Hearst Corporation Immediate Media Company Lagardère Active Meredith Corporation Northern & Shell Pacific Magazines Publicis-JimenezBasic Recruit Japan Ringier Rodale Inc
17.
Philippine Daily Inquirer
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The Philippine Daily Inquirer, popularly known as the Inquirer, is the most widely read broadsheet newspaper in the Philippines, with a daily circulation of 260,000 copies. It is one of the Philippines newspapers of record and it is a member of the Asia News Network. Apostol also published the Mr & Ms Special Edition, a weekly tabloid opposed to the Marcos regime. As the successor to the previous Mr. and Mrs. Special Edition, the new daily was housed in the dilapidated one-story Star Building on 13th and Railroad streets in Port Area, Manila. It was put out by 40 editors, reporters, correspondents, photographers, columnist Louie Beltran was named its editor-in-chief. The newspaper was then in documenting the campaign of Corazón Aquino during the 1986 presidential elections and, in turn. Its slogan, Balanced News, Fearless Views, was incorporated to the newspaper in January 1986 after a slogan-making contest held during the first month of the Inquirers existence. As Belmonte owned the Star Building where the Inquirer was headquartered, in February 1987, Federico D. Pascual, former assistant managing editor of the Daily Express, was named executive editor of Inquirer and was appointed editor-in-chief two years later. It was during his term in 1990 that the Inquirer took the lead from the Manila Bulletin to become the Philippines largest newspaper in terms of circulation, however, on July 1990, the Inquirer headquarters in Intramuros was damaged by an earthquake. On 5 January 1991, the transferred to the YIC building along United Nations Avenue. Inquirers longest-serving and first woman editor-in-chief, the late Letty Jimenez-Magsanoc, was appointed on June 14,1991 and she was a former columnist and editor of the Panorama Sunday magazine of Bulletin Today who was sacked for writing articles poking fun at Marcos. She edited Mr & Ms Special Edition until the fall of the Marcos regime and she is also the first editor in chief of Sunday Inquirer Magazine. Under her term, in 1995, the Inquirer moved to its current headquarters in Makati City after transferring headquarters four times, during the administration of president Joseph Estrada, he criticized the Inquirer for bias, malice and fabrication against him—this charge to the newspaper was denied. In 1999, several government organizations, pro-Estrada businesses, and movie producers simultaneously pulled their advertisements from the Inquirer in a boycott that lasted for five months. The presidential palace was widely implicated in the boycott, which was denounced by then publisher Isagani Yambot as an attack on the freedom of the press. In 2007, according to the survey conducted by AGB Nielsen, the Manila Bulletin and the Philippine Star followed as the second and the third most widely read papers, respectively. Magsanoc died on December 24,2015 at the St. Lukes Medical Center in Taguig City, a month after her death, Jimenez-Magsanoc was recognized as the Filipino of the Year 2015 by the Inquirer. In February 2,2016, the Inquirer appointed its managing editor Jose Ma, nolasco as the executive editor, the new top position of the newspaper, replacing the traditional editor in chief position that used by Inquirer for more than three decades
18.
Manila Standard
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Manila Standard is a broadsheet newspaper in the Philippines. It is currently owned by the Romualdez family, the Romualdezes, through former congressman Martin Romualdez, also own Journal Publications, Inc. the owner of tabloid papers Peoples Journal and Peoples Tonight. Initially established as the Manila Standard in 1987, it merged with another newspaper of record, Today, on March 6,2005, in 2015, the newspaper rebranded itself as The Standard, before reverting to its original name in 2016. The news organization maintains its quality to be one of the news sources in the Philippines. Rod Reyes, one of the newspaper columnists during the era and once manned the operations of GMA Radio Television Arts. He then invited the family of Spanish-Filipino businessman Manuel Elizalde to be the owners of this new-fledging broadsheet, initially named as Manila Standard and this was founded on February 11,1987. The offices were located at the bustling Ayala Avenue in the Makati CBD. In 1989, the group of companies owned by Andres Soriano III bought out the Elizalde group and renamed the company Kagitingan Publications, in June 1991, the group of businessman Alfonso Yuchengco bought into the company and spun off the publishing company. It was incorporated as Kamahalan Publishing Corporation, Kagitingan Publications was renamed Kagitingan Printing Press Inc. which continues to print the New Standard. Victor Agustin took over as chairman of the Editorial Board in 2008, under his term, the company formally adopted an advocacy for the environment. In 2010, just as the Aquino administration took the reins of power and this time, the Razon group sold its interest to the Romualdez group as Razon established Bloomberry Resorts & Hotels Corporation, owner of the Solaire Resort & Casino. The newspaper once again was relaunched as The Standard, featuring a tallboy broadsheet format that is similar to New York Post, the format is bigger than tabloids and smaller than newspapers, with pictures as the main inset of the front page. The new format was first implemented in the issues before the full makeover happened in the weekday issues since February 23,2015. Ranhilio Callangan Aquino Alejandro del Rosario Lito Banayo Rita Linda V. Jimeno Emil P. Jurado Jojo A. Robles Dean Tony Lavina Gary Olivar Victor Avecilla Tony Lopez Florencio Fianza Cong. Danilo Suarez Dr. Jenny Ortuoste Horace Templo Elizabeth Angsioco Rod P. Kapunan Adelle Chua Pastor Apollo C
19.
The Philippine Star
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The Philippine Star is a print and digital newspaper in the Philippines and the flagship brand of the PhilStar Media Group. First published on 28 July 1986 by veteran journalists Betty Go-Belmonte, Max Soliven and Art Borjal, the newspaper is owned and published by Philstar Daily Inc. which also publishes the monthly magazine People Asia and the Sunday magazines Starweek, Gist and Lets Eat. The Philippine Star is among the Philippines most widely circulated newspapers, with a circulation of 266,000 copies daily. The Philippine Star was first published seven months after the 1986 People Power Revolution that toppled strongman Ferdinand Marcos, at that time, Belmonte was the publisher of a small, monthly magazine called The Star, a predecessor of the The Philippine Star. Belmonte served as the chairman of the Board of Directors, while Soliven acted as the founding publisher. Antonio Roces served as the first editor-in-chief until his resignation in 1989, the masthead of the newspaper carried the motto, Truth Shall Prevail, reflecting its editorial policy of presenting both sides of the story instead of the prevailing scoop mentality of that time. Aside from the news section, the first issue also includes the World, Nation, Money, Life. For its initial price of ₱1.75, the newspaper had a print run of “a few thousand copies”. At first, the newspaper was published from Mondays to Saturdays because Belmonte prohibited work on Sundays. To capitalize on Sunday readership, Philstar Daily, Inc. began publishing Starweek in 1987, eventually, in 1988, the newspaper added a Sunday issue in response to the demand for news on that day, while continuing its publication of Starweek. Aside from The Philippine Star, Philstar Daily, Inc. also started publishing a Filipino-language tabloid Ang Pilipino Ngayon, with the sudden death of Belmonte due to cancer on 28 January 1994, Soliven assumed chairmanship of the Board of Directors while retaining his position at publisher. He appointed Belmontes 30-year-old son, Miguel Belmonte, as vice president. On 4 August 1995, The Philippine Star became the first Philippine broadsheet newspaper to publish a front page. In 1998, the Board of Directors unanimously appointed Miguel Belmonte as president and CEO, while Soliven remained as chairman of the Board of Directors and publisher. The following year, the newspaper introduced “Hotline 2000”, which use of SMS as a means for opinion polling. It was the beginning of other endeavors that brought the newspaper to the Digital Age. In 2000, the newspaper debuted its website, philstar. com, in the same year, the company began using computer-to-plate printing system. In that year too, Miguels brother, Isaac Belmonte, was appointed editor-in-chief of the newspaper, a complimentary copy of the newspaper was given to Jollibee patrons nationwide for every purchase of a Jollibee breakfast meal
20.
La Mesa Watershed Reservation
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The La Mesa Watershed Reservation is a protected area that preserves the only major watershed in Metro Manila, Philippines. The park is under the joint administration, supervision and control of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and it was established in 2007 through Proclamation No.1336 issued by President Gloria Arroyo. The La Mesa Watershed encompasses an area of 2,659 hectares in the fringes of Quezon City, Caloocan and Rodriguez. It is situated on a hill or mesa at the foot of the southern Sierra Madre mountain range west of the Marikina Valley. It is about 9 kilometres north from the center of Quezon City in Diliman, the highest elevation in Quezon City is in the watersheds northern tip at 250 metres above sea level. The surrounding 2, 000-hectare forest contains more than 50 kilometres of trails and serves as the lungs of Metro Manila. It also contains the 33-hectare ecological park known as the La Mesa Eco Park and this park located at the southern edges of the watershed in East Fairview is administered by the Quezon City Parks Development and Administration Department and was opened in 2003. The La Mesa Watershed comprises a variety of ecosystems that is home to indigenous and endemic species of flora. Approximately 1,800 hectares are under forest cover and 300 hectares are open areas, pastures, several portions of the La Mesa reservoir are shallow with exposed mudflats, swampforest, reed and other swamp vegetation. The most common species found in the reservation are Malay beechwood, earleaf acacia, acacia mangium, narra, mahogany, teak, ipil-ipil, alibangbang
21.
Quezon Memorial Circle
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The Quezon Memorial Circle is a national park, city square and a national shrine located in Quezon City, which became the capital of the Philippines from 1948 to 1976. The park is located inside a traffic circle in the shape of an ellipse. This location will be the alignment for the approved MRT-7 named Quezon Memorial MRT Station. Circle, as locals call it, has been undergoing significant changes in order to lure in more tourists both local and foreign, due to these beautification efforts of the local government the number of visitors is continuously increasing. The site was intended as the grounds of the National Capitol to be built in Quezon City to house the Congress of the Philippines. The location was part of a larger National Government Center located around Elliptical Road. The NGC was meant to house the three branches of the Philippine government, former Quezon City Mayor Tomas Morato was instrumental to the selection of the site of the memorial park. A national contest for the Quezon Memorial Project was held 1951, filipino architect Federico S. Ilustres design won the contest. Aside from the monument itself, a complex of three buildings, including a library, a museum, & a theater, were also planned to be erected. Shortly after the People Power Revolution, the Quezon City Parks Development Foundation was established during the term of then Quezon City Mayor, Brigido Simon Jr. The NPDA turned over the management of the park to the QCPDF, in the 1980s, the architecture firm of Francisco Mañosa made a masterplan for the park sometime in the 1980s. On July 1,2008, the QCPDF which has been managing the park from September 27,1988, the Quezon Memorial Shrine is an art deco-themed monument was designed by Federico Ilustre and was built during the 1950s and serves as the centerpiece of the Quezon Memorial Circle. The 66-metre shrine representing Quezons age when he died from tuberculosis stands on a thirty-six hectare elliptical lot and it houses an observation deck that can accommodate sixty people at the top through a spiral staircase which gives the visitors a panoramic view of the city. At the top of the pylons are three mourning angels holding sampaguita wreaths sculpted by the Italian sculptor Francesco Monti, the regional identity of each female angels figure could be discerned in the traditional costume they were clothed with. The winged figures atop the three pylons represented Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao, the gallery and the catafalque below are lit by an oculus, in turn reminiscent of Grants Tomb. The planned auxiliary structures were never built, two smaller museums, one containing the presidential memorabilia of Quezon, and the other containing items on the history of Quezon City, were installed within the Quezon Memorial Shrine itself. In the 1980s, missing, lost, or incomplete bas reliefs for the outside of the memorial were installed, a house of Manuel L. Quezon family in Gilmore, New Manila was transferred within the Quezon Memorial Circle and was made a museum. A city museum, the Quezon City Experience was also opened within park grounds in late 2015
22.
Rizal Park
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Rizal Park, also known as Luneta National Park or simply Luneta, is a historical urban park in the Philippines. Located along Roxas Boulevard, Manila, adjacent to the old walled city of Intramuros and it has been a favorite leisure spot, and is frequented on Sundays and national holidays. Rizal Park is one of the major tourist attractions of Manila, situated by the Manila Bay, it is an important site in Philippine history. The execution of national hero José Rizal on December 30,1896 fanned the flames of the 1896 Philippine Revolution against the Kingdom of Spain, the area was officially renamed Rizal Park in his honor, and the monument enshrining his remains serves as the parks symbolic focal point. Luneta is situated at the terminus of Roxas Boulevard. To the east of the boulevard, the park is bounded by Taft Avenue, Padre Burgos Avenue, to the west is the reclaimed area of the park bounded by Katigbak Drive, South Drive, and the shore of Manila Bay. Rizal Parks history began in 1820 when the Paseo de Luneta was completed just south of the walls of Manila on a patch of land next to the beach during the Spanish rule. Prior to the park, the land was the location of a small town called Nuevo Barrio that dates back to 1601. The town and its churches, being close to the city, were strategically used as cover by the British during their attack. Because of the part they played during the British Invasion, they were cleared after the rule of the British from 1762 to 1764. The church of Bagumbayan originally enshrined the Black Nazarene, because of the order to destroy the village and its church, the image was transferred first to San Nicolas de Tolentino then to Quiapo Church. This has since been commemorated by the Traslación of the relic every January 9 and this is why the procession always start at Rizal Park. West of Bagumbayan Field was the Paseo de la Luneta named after the fortification and it was also named Paseo de Alfonso XII, after Alfonso XII, King of Spain during his reign from 1874 to 1885. Paseo de la Luneta was the center of activity for the people of Manila in the early evening hours. This plaza was arranged with paths and lawns and surrounded by a wide driveway called La Calzada where carriages circulate, during the Spanish period from 1823 to 1897 most especially in the latter part, the place became notorious for public executions. A total of 158 political enemies of Spain were executed in the park, the bronze-and-granite Rizal monument is among the most famous sculptural landmarks in the country. It is almost protocol for visiting dignitaries to lay a wreath at the monument, located on the monument is not merely the statue of the national hero, but also his remains. On September 28,1901, the United States Philippine Commission approved Act No,243, which would erect a monument in Luneta to commemorate the memory of José Rizal, Philippine patriot, writer and poet
23.
Ayala Triangle Gardens
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The Ayala Triangle Gardens is a 2-hectare landscaped urban park in Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines. It is a public garden and courtyard in the center of the Makati Central Business District. It was named after its owner and developer Ayala Land, inspired by Hyde Park in London, the park, which is dotted with palms, acacia trees, and tropical foliage, is considered as one of the few green areas in Makati. The Triangle has become a point for social events in the business district. It is also home to the Tower One and Exchange Plaza and Makati Stock Exchange Building, when the airport was decommissioned in 1948 and transferred its present site in Nichols Field, the site was returned to the Ayalas and redeveloped as a commercial district. The runways were converted into roads which now form the Triangles boundaries, Ayala Avenue along its southwest, Paseo de Roxas along the north-northeast, only the airports control tower was preserved, and has since been converted into the Filipinas Heritage Library. By 1971, the Ayala Corporation moved to its new headquarters in the Triangle at the Makati Stock Exchange Center building designed by National Artist for Architecture Leandro Locsin. The rest of the Triangle was then transformed into the field known as Ugarte Field, named after the Filipino football legend of the 1930s. In the 1980s, Ugarte Field was the site of protests against the Marcos dictatorship. The Ayala Triangle Gardens is located in the Salcedo Village portion of Bel-Air Village by its border with San Lorenzo, the park has over a hundred trees of several different types, including rain trees, golden palms, fire trees, kamuning and podocarpus. It contains several art pieces created by Filipino artists Ovvian Castrillo-Hill. At the northwest corner of the Triangle is a monument to assassinated opposition leader Benigno Aquino, Jr. designed by Anastacio Caedo, a recent addition to the Triangle is the row of al fresco restaurants behind the Makati Stock Exchange building. The southwest corner of the Triangle also contains a lot just beside the old Nielson Tower
24.
Mehan Garden
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Mehan Garden is an open space in Manila, Philippines. It was established in 1858 by the Spanish colonial authorities as a garden, called the Jardín Botánico. It was one of a number of botanical gardens established in Asia by European colonial powers, sebastián Vidal was the best known director of the garden. He came to the Philippines in 1871 to work in the forestry service and he was director between 1878 and his death in 1889. His obituary in Popular Science Monthly described him as practically a pioneer in the investigation of the Philippine flora, for his publications on Philippine flora, Vidal not only collected specimens, but also studied Malesian flora held in European herbaria, such as the Kew herbarium. The American occupiers of Manila decided that the site was not suitable for a garden and was more suitable for a public park. In 1913 it was renamed after John C, Mehan, who was in charge of Manilas parks and sanitation. The Mehan Garden was declared a site by the National Historical Institute in 1934. The Garden is the open space off Liwasang Bonifacio, bounded by Taft Avenue, LRT Central Terminal, the Metropolitan Theater, inside the Garden are structures such as the Lawton Park n Ride building and the Universidad de Manila
25.
Paco Park
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The Paco Park is a recreational garden and was once Manila’s municipal cemetery built by the Dominicans during the Spanish colonial period. It is located on General Luna Street and at the east end of Padre Faura Street in Paco, Manila, Paco Park has also become a very popular venue for weddings and receptions for couples who prefer garden-like settings. The Chapel of St. Pancratius is under the care of the San Vicente de Paul Parish, according to an on-site inscription, an order for the construction of a cemetery in Bagumbayan was issued in 1807, due to the outbreak of a cholera epidemic in Manila. Maestro de Obras Don Nicolas Ruiz developed a plan for the Paco Cemetery and it was on April 22,1822 when the cemetery was officially inaugurated, although it had been in use for two years prior to its completion. In 1859, Governor Fernándo Norzagaray y Escudero proposed the extension of the cemetery to approximately 4,500 square yards, for the amount of Php 19,700, a Chinese builder won the bid to build the outer portion of the cemetery. At that time, the niches cost Php 20 for three years, which was subject to renewals as no one was granted privilege to own the niches in perpetuity. On December 30,1896, Philippine national hero Dr. José P. Rizal was interred at Paco Park after his execution at Bagumbayan, interment at the Paco Cemetery ceased in 1912. It had been the ground for several generations and descendants of those buried in the park had the remains of their ancestors exhumed and transferred to other cemeteries in Manila. During the Second World War, Japanese forces used Paco Park as a central supply, the high thick adobe walls around the park were ideal for defensive positions of the Japanese. The park was converted into a National Park in 1966 during the term of President Diosdado Macapagal, Paco Park’s grandeur was slowly restored after the war and since then has remained as a public park and promenade for the community. Paco Park and its care was placed under the responsibility of the National Park’s Development Committee during the regime of President Ferdinand E. Marcos. The program became a tradition, a weekly fare held every Friday afternoons called the “Paco Park Presents. ”The event featured and highlighted the exchange of Filipino and German musical artists who performed at Paco Park and it served as a means to strengthen the bond between Germany and the Philippines. In 1998, the celebration of Philippine-German month was moved from February to March, with the concert starting at 7, however, Paco Park Presents continues to celebrate its anniversary every February. Paco Park has also become a popular venue for weddings. The Chapel of St. Pancratius is under the care of the San Vicente de Paul Parish, Paco Park is circular in shape, with an inner circular fort that stood as the original cemetery. Its walls were made hollow to serve as niches, and as the continued to grow. The top of the walls were made into pathways for promenades. A small, domed Roman Catholic chapel was built inside the walls of the park and was dedicated to St. Pancratius
26.
Pinaglabanan Shrine
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Pinaglabanan Shrine is a Filipino national shrine and park located along Pinaglabanan Street in the city of San Juan, Metro Manila, Philippines. Prominent within the shrine is a statue of elongated figures known as Spirit of Pinaglabanan created by Eduardo Castrillo and this is a new museum entirely devoted to Bonifacio and the Katipunan, with interactive displays and original Katipunan artifacts. The museum will present an initial list of members of the Katipunan and others who supported its cause. The names were obtained from archival sources, the museum also has an e-learning room where students from grades 5-7 will take online interactive lessons about Bonifacio and the Katipunan—the first in the country—produced by the NHCP. The activity is undertaken in partnership with the Department of Education, the accounts were selected and translated into English by the late Umberto Lammoglia
27.
Valenzuela People's Park
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It is built beside the Valenzuela City Government Center and the Valenzuela Town Center. The construction of this 1. 5-hectare park was started in 2014 and was opened to the public on February 14,2015. Peoples Park is bounded by two roads of the city, MacArthur Highway and A. Pablo Street. The park itself is surrounded by various landmarks, government buildings, the South Supermarket and the Valenzuela Town Center are the nearest shopping destinations for park visitors. The park is located beside the Valenzuela City Government Center
28.
Washington SyCip Park
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Washington Sycip Park is a public park near Greenbelt mall in Legaspi Village, Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines. The park opened in 2006, and was named after Filipino accountant, in addition to many indigenous tropical trees and plants, the park contains gazebos, benches with quotes by Sycip, sculptures and a koi pond. The park is open daily from 06,00 to 22,00 PST and it is a no-smoking, no pet zone. Washington SyCip Park is rectangular in form, bounded by Legaspi Street to the north, Gamboa Street to the south, Rada Street to the west, and it is close to Greenbelt shopping centre, the Asian Institute of Management, and Union Church of Manila. Washington SyCip Park was created in 2006 by Ayala Land, the park was presented to Sycip in June 2006, in recognition of his outstanding contributions to the Philippine business community. The headquarters of MACEA is located in the edge of the park. Birding, Many birds have been spotted in Washington Sycip Park, including pied fantails, koi Pond, Water bodies with orange koi fish can be found in the park, possibly a tribute to Washingtons Chinese origins. Gazebos, The park contains two gazebos, each with seating space, music, The park contains a public address system with hidden wires and soothing music playing on them. People also play the flute mornings and evenings, a number of sculptures by Filipino sculptor and artist Impy Pilapil can be found in the park. These include, Wishing Stone - a wishing stone, with a quill and water reservoir. Faith - an obelisk-like white, stone sculpture with a pointed edge aiming for the heavens, entry - a Stonehenge-style gate made of white stone. Sungka - a traditional Filipino board game played with shells, the Mangrove Nature Embrace - a colourful framework, with blue as the dominant colour, made of steel pipes. Stone turtles, - a Chinese symbol of life, stone turtles can be found at the northern and southern entrances to the park. Giant urns, - giant stone urns flank one gateway of the park, in his biography, Sycip recounted that similar huge jars were found in his family garden and he used to peek at the fish swimming inside them. Many park benches have quotes by its namesake posted on them, some of the quotes, which can be found on park benches and the walls of its gazebos, include, Washington SyCip Park is home to a number of trees including eucalyptus, rubber and calachuchi. 100 plants from the San Roque watershed were planted in the park as part of conservation efforts
29.
Arroceros Forest Park
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The Arroceros Forest Park is a riverside park in Manila, Philippines, located on Antonio Villegas Street in the central district of Ermita. Despite its small size, it is considered an important feature of the city and it lies in a historic area of Manila and has been called Manilas last lung, being the citys only nature park. The park is administered by the City Government of Manila in partnership with environmental group. The area occupied by the Arroceros Forest Park used to be part of Parián, in the 19th century, it was the site of the Fabrica de Arroceros, a tobacco factory owned and operated by the Compañía General de Tabacos de Filipinas. During the American period, it was used as a garrison which housed the Signal Corps at the Cuartel de Infantería. When the Philippines gained independence after World War II, the barracks were converted into the headquarters of the Department of Education, the park was established in 1993 after the governments education department offices were transferred to its present location in Pasig. With an initial 150 century-old trees that survived the war, the park now hosts over 3,000 trees through reforestation efforts spearheaded by the Manila Seedling Bank. The groups claimed that of the 8,000 trees in the park in 2000, the park was reopened in 2007. The park has tiled pathways and concrete roads giving access to areas around the park and it also contains a fish pond and bridge, as well as a riverside walk. The park is a habitat of different bird species, such as the long-tailed shrike, pied fantail, zebra dove, Pacific swallow, yellow-vented bulbul and it also houses the Manila Education Center, the central offices for the Division of City Schools located at its southern edge. The park is located in the center of Manila, just north of the Manila City Hall adjacent to the district of Intramuros. It is within walking distance from the Central Terminal LRT Station and is right across from the Manila Metropolitan Theater and it is accessible from Rizal Park and southern Manila via Padre Burgos Avenue, and from northern Manila via Quezon Boulevard and Quezon Bridge. It is also near the Lawton Bus Terminal and the Pasig River Ferry Lawton Station
30.
Balara Filters Park
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The Balara Filters Park is a 60-hectare park located in the Diliman village of Pansol in Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines, adjacent to the University of the Philippines Diliman main campus. It is bounded by Katipunan Avenue on the west, Capitol Hills Golf and Country Club on the north, the park is one of the oldest recreation areas in Quezon City having been first opened to the public in 1953. It occupies part of the old Balara Filtration Plant complex, one of the treatment facilities for water coming from the La Mesa Dam. The park is administered by the Manila Water company in partnership with the Quezon City Parks Development, the park was named after its location in the Balara filters plant, which was then situated in the old barrio of Matandáng Balará. During Spanish colonial times, the formed part of the friar estate known as Hacienda de Dilimán owned by the Society of Jesus located between the pueblos of Caloocan and Mariquina. After the Spanish–American War, the Dilimán estate was acquired by the wealthy Tuason family, including the adjacent Hacienda de Santa Mesa and Hacienda de Mariquina. Ownership of the estate was ceded to the Philippine Commonwealth government in the late 1930s, amenities such as the rest house and swimming pools were then added between 1949 and 1959 to serve the water districts employees. These facilities were opened to the public in 1953 and instantly became a weekend destination for Manileños until the 1970s. The Metropolitan Water District was renamed the National Waterworks and Sewerage System in 1955, the complex was closed off to the public during much of the Marcos Era. In 1997, after the MWSS was privatised, the site was turned over to Manila Water which began restoration works on plant facilities, the park was reopened in 2003 under then-Quezon City mayor Feliciano Belmonte. The park is a collection of Art Deco buildings and natural landscapes centered around the Balara water reservoir, anonas Amphitheater, where National Artist Atang de la Rama once performed. Orosa Hall, a hall with glazed stone floor surrounded by ornately designed white iron bars. Italian-style chapel the MWSS Administration Building, built in the 1970s, bernadine and her cherubs a white statue of a nude water-bearer surrounded by cherubs, serving as a fountain rotunda a baby terrace named after First Daughter Zenaida Quezon. Widows Walk bathhouses Lion Head Workers Monument, in memory of the NAWASA employees who died during the construction of the filters
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Freedom Island
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Freedom Island is an artificial island in Manila Bay just off the coast of Parañaque in Metro Manila, Philippines. It was formed between 1973 and 1985 during the construction of the Manila–Cavite Coastal Road, two other islands lie immediately to the south in Las Piñas, namely Long Island and another smaller island also formed by land reclamation. The islands form the Las Piñas–Parañaque Critical Habitat and Ecotourism Area, freedom Island covers an area of about 74 acres with an elevation of between 0 and 7 meters above sea level. The island runs along the coast from barangay Don Galo at its end near the mouth of Parañaque River into barangay San Dionisio right at the border with Las Piñas. A narrow landfill connects its southern tip to the mainland and Long Island near the toll barrier. The island consists primarily of loam and dredged material pulled from the bay and it contains a mangrove forest and swamps providing a habitat for many migratory bird species, including the Philippine duck, Chinese egret, common moorhen and black-crowned night heron. In November 1973, the Construction Development Corporation of the Philippines secured a government contract for the Manila–Cavite Coastal Road, the project to extend Roxas Boulevard south to Cavite province required reclamation of foreshore lands in Parañaque and Las Piñas. Construction of the 6.6 km-long coastal road started during the term of Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos and was completed and opened to traffic in September 1985, the island was declared a Critical Habitat by the Philippine government in 2007. It was listed as a Ramsar wetland of importance in 2013. List of islands in the Greater Manila Area
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Manila Zoo
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The Manila Zoo, formally known as the Manila Zoological and Botanical Garden, is a 5. 5-hectare zoo located in Malate, Manila, Philippines that opened on July 25,1959. The Manila Zoological and Botanical Garden is home to about a thousand animals from 90 species as of April 2015. The zoos most popular resident is Mali, an Asian elephant who arrived at the zoo in 1977 as 3 year old calf transported from Sri Lanka, other Animals residing in Manila Zoo includes a Bengal tiger, Malayan civet, monitor lizard and hippopotamus. Many of the animals of the zoo were born in captivity with three month-old juveniles recently born in April 2015, the zoo management is planning to transfer many of its animals to a separate breeding area or sanctuary outside Metro Manila due to over congestion in the zoo. The zoo is planned to be just an exhibit area, the Wildlife Rescue Center serves as temporary shelter and repository for confiscated, donated, retrieved, sick, injured and abandoned wildlife species. The Wildlife Rescue Center has been the subject of scrutiny in regard to their animal welfare standards. The Manila Zoological and Botanical Garden is home to many plant collections, from the rich and diverse Philippine Islands. Botanical garden Arboretum The Kinder Zoo within Manila Zoo was a result of a partnership between Kinder Zoo, Inc. and the city government. Kinder Zoo, Inc. redeveloped 3,000 square metres of the zoo into an area named Kinder Zoo, the area was designed as a child-friendly area where children can interact with some animals of the zoo. The area featured a butterfly sanctuary, a bridge, a flamingo pond, a barn for events. The Manila Zoo by law must operate in accordance to the Animal Welfare Act of 1998, the purpose of the Act is to ensure that all terrestrial, aquatic and marine animals in the Philippines have their physical and psychological needs met in ways that promote well-being. Inquiries have been made into the compliance of the Manila Zoo with this Act, the zoo has been criticized due to its inadequate animal care and dirty surroundings. The zoo is responding with efforts to make the animal habitats as comfortable and natural as possible, such as by adding trees and vegetation, a report issued by PeTA points out the numerous issues regarding Mali being kept in captivity. In 2007 PeTA called for the boycott and closure of Manila Zoo as part of its campaign against zoos claiming that zoos are never beneficial to animals. The animal rights group supported proposals to convert the zoo into a sporting coliseum to be used by the Philippine Basketball Association, a total of 1.5 billion pesos will be allocated for the rehabilitation of the 5.5 hectare botanical park. The rehabilitation of the Manila Zoo will be implemented through a partnership with a Singaporean firm. This rehabilitation project aims to make the park a world-class recreational spot, the project will start by July 2015 and it is expected that it will take six months to finish
