The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, also referred to as Poland–Lithuania or the First Polish Republic, was a federative real union between the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, exist
The Union of Lublin joined the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1569.
Sigismund III Vasa, who reigned between 1587 and 1632, presided over an era of prosperity and territorial expansion of the Commonwealth.
Sejm (parliament) of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the early 17th century
John III Sobieski, victor over the Ottoman Turks at the Battle of Vienna in 1683.
Polish Golden Age
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The Polish Golden Age was the Renaissance period in the Kingdom of Poland and subsequently in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, which started in the late 15th century. Historians argue that the Poli
King Sigismund II Augustus and Queen Barbara Radziwiłł in Vilnius by Jan Matejko
Jagiellonian University in Kraków
De revolutionibus orbium coelestium, the seminal work on the heliocentric theory of Renaissance astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543)
Nicolaus Copernicus, one of the most important astronomers in history