The Polish–Teutonic War of 1519–1521 was fought between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Knights, ending with the Compromise of Thorn in April 1521. Four years later, under the Treaty of Kraków,
Marienwerder Castle was taken by Polish forces on 18 March 1520.
Prussian Homage by Jan Matejko
Albert, Duke of Prussia
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Albert of Prussia was a German prince who was the 37th grand master of the Teutonic Knights and, after converting to Lutheranism, became the first ruler of the Duchy of Prussia, the secularized state
Polish–Teutonic War (1519–1521)
…the Treaty of Kraków, part of the Catholic Monastic State of the Teutonic Order became secularized as the Duchy of Prussia. The reigning Grand Master Albert of Hohenzollern-Brandenburg-Ansbach became the first Duke of Prussia by paying the Prussian Homage as vassal to his uncle, Polish king and grand Duke of Lithuania, Sigismund I the Old…
Portrait by Lucas Cranach the Elder, 1528
As grand master of the Teutonic Order, painting from 1522
Groschen of the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, Albert.