Pope Alexander III
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Pope Alexander III, born Roland, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 7 September 1159 until his death in 1181.
Alexander III bidding farewell to Thomas Becket (13th century miniature attributed to Matthew Paris, British Library)
Bulla of Alexander III
Manifestis Probatum.
Alexander III depicted in a fresco by Spinello Aretino (before 1410, Palazzo Pubblico in Siena)
Pope Lucius III
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Pope Lucius III, born Ubaldo Allucingoli, reigned as head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1 September 1181 to his death in 1185. Born to an aristocratic family in Lucca, prio
Pope Alexander III
…to Matthew Paris, British Library) Church Catholic Church Papacy began 7 September 1159 Papacy ended 30 August 1181 Predecessor Adrian IV Successor Lucius III Previous posts Cardinal-Deacon of Santi Cosma e Damiano (1150–51) Cardinal-Priest of San Marco (1151–59) Orders Consecration 20 September 1159 by Ubaldo…
Depiction of Lucius III from the Liber ad honorem Augusti by Peter of Eboli (1196)