Pope John XII, born Octavian, was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 16 December 955 to his death in 964. He was related to the counts of Tusculum, a powerful Roman family which had
Miniature depicting John XII hunting, c. 1480
Pope John XII depicted in a 16th-century engraving contained in the Pontificum Romanorum effigies by Giovanni Battista de'Cavalieri
Satirical print by Maurice Lachâtre [fr] portraying Pope John XII with a mistress, referencing medieval accusations about his conduct.
Pope Benedict IX, born Theophylact of Tusculum in Rome, was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States for three periods between October 1032 and July 1048. Aged about 20 when first elected, he
Pope John XII
…became Pope somewhere between the ages of 17 and 25. If he was 17 then he may have been the youngest Pope in history; if not, that title may belong to Benedict IX, who was between the ages of 11 and 20 when elected. In 960, he clashed with the Lombards to the south. Unable to control Rome easily, he sought help…
Grant of Robert II of France in favour of Abbaye Notre-Dame de Coulombs (Coulombs, Eure-et-Loir), also signed by Benedict IX
Gravestone of Benedict IX, located at the Abbey of Grottaferrata
19th-century religious card depicting Benedict IX
19th-century illustration of the Council of Sutri