Population bottleneck
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A population bottleneck or genetic bottleneck is a sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events such as famines, earthquakes, floods, fires, disease, and droughts; or human
How a natural disaster leads to a reduction in genetic diversity in the population due to a drastic reduction in size.
Homo heidelbergensis may have evolved from Homo ergaster following an intense population bottleneck 800–900,000 years ago.
Overhunting pushed the northern elephant seal to the brink of extinction by the late 19th century. Although they have made a comeback, the genetic variation within the population remains very low.
Youngest Toba eruption
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The Toba eruption was a large eruption that occurred around 74,000 years ago, during the Late Pleistocene, at the site of present-day Lake Toba, in Sumatra, Indonesia. It was the last in a series of a
Population bottleneck
…very strong founder events". Other groups known to have experienced such occurrences include Finns, Basques, and Ashkenazi Jews. The controversial Toba catastrophe theory, presented in the late 1990s to early 2000s, suggested that a supervolcano eruption in Indonesia approximately 75,000 years ago caused a human population…
Lake Toba is the resulting crater lake