Population history of Egypt
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Egypt has a long and involved demographic history. This is partly due to the territory's geographical location at the crossroads of several major cultural areas: North Africa, the Middle East, the Med
Neolithic rock art, over 7,000 years old, Cave of Beasts, Egypt
Megaliths from Nabta Playa, constructed by Neolithic populations, located in Aswan, Upper Egypt.
Ancient Petroglyphs of Giraffe, Ostrich, and longhorned Cow being driven by a human, featured in the desert region, Gilf Kebir, Egypt.
The Edwin Smith papyrus, the world's oldest surviving surgical document, written in Hieratic script c. 1600 BCE
Prehistoric Egypt
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Prehistoric Egypt and Predynastic Egypt was the period of time starting at the first human occupation of the region and ending at the First Dynasty of Egypt around 3100 BC.
Artifacts of Egypt from the Prehistoric period, from 4400 to 3100 BC. First row from top left: a Badarian ivory figurine, a Naqada jar, a Bat figurine. Second row: a diorite vase, a flint knife, a cosmetic palette.
Nazlet Khater skeleton, Upper Paleolithic, 35,000 before present; National Museum of Egyptian Civilization, Cairo
Aterian point from Zaccar, Djelfa region, Algeria.
Merimde culture clay head, circa 5,000 BC. This is one of the earliest known representations of a human head in Egypt.