Esther Freud
Esther Freud is a British novelist. Born in London, Freud is the daughter of painter Lucian Freud and she is a great-granddaughter of Sigmund Freud and niece of Clement Freud. She travelled extensively with her mother as a child, and returned to London at the age of 16 to train as an actress at The Drama Centre and she has worked in television and theatre as both actress and writer. Her first credited appearance, though inauspicious, was as a terrified diner in The Bill in 1984. A year she appeared as an alien in the Doctor Who serial Attack of the Cybermen and her novels include the semi-autobiographical Hideous Kinky, which was adapted into a film starring Kate Winslet. She is the author of The Wild and she wrote the foreword for The Summer Book by Tove Jansson. Freud was named as one of the 20 Best of Young British Novelists by Granta magazine in 1993 and her novels have been translated into 13 languages. She is the co-founder of the theatre company Norfolk Broads. In 2009, she donated the short story Rice Cakes and Starbucks to Oxfams Ox-Tales project and her story was published in the Water collection.
As of 2014 Freud taught at the Faber Academy, Freud has a sister, fashion designer Bella Freud, and a half-brother, Noah Woodman. Her uncle was the late politician Sir Clement Freud and she has two cousins in the media industry, public relations executive Matthew and broadcaster Emma. She is married to actor David Morrissey, with whom she has three children, and maintains homes in London and Walberswick near Southwold in Suffolk. Hideous Kinky Peerless Flats Gaglow The Wild The Sea House Love Falls Lucky Break Mr Mac and Me Freud family Interview Penguin site Biography Contemporary Writers Career Agents website
Garman Ryan Collection
The Garman Ryan collection features many examples of works by key European artists of late 19th and early 20th Century, including Van Gogh, Monet and Degas. There are a number of works on paper within the collection. It includes a selection of sculpture and votive objects from cultures in Africa, there are a significant number of works by Jacob Epstein within the collection. The collection contains the largest single holding of works by Jacob Epstein anywhere, many of these works are bronze portrait busts, a mix of family members and commissioned portraits. There are studies for key works, such as Study for Rock Drill and it is unclear at exactly what point Kathleen Garman and Sally Ryan conceived of making a collection of art. It has been suggested that the collection was, in part, in response to the death of Jacob Epstein whose work, the Collection was largely assembled between 1959 and 1973. Sally Ryan was able to fund the collection of due to a large inheritance received from her grandfather Thomas Fortune Ryan.
A number of Sally Ryans own works part of the Garman Ryan collection. Kathleen Garman ran her own art gallery, The Little Gallery, operating in Kensington, London in the mid-1960s. It has been suggested that a number of works from the Garman Ryan collection were originally Little Gallery stock, a number of artists represented with the collection had personal connections with Kathleen Garman and Sally Ryan. Jacob Epstein was Kathleens late husband, and artists Augustus John, Gaudier-Brzeska, the collection was donated to the people of Walsall in 1973 and opened to the public in July 1974. It was originally exhibited in what was the first floor room of Walsall Library. The collection was moved to its new purpose-built home over two floors of The New Art Gallery Walsall, and opened to the public in this new setting in 2000, the Garman Ryan collection is exhibited thematically, as was the intention of Kathleen Garman. The themes are, Children and Leisure, Flowers and Still Life, Religion and symbolism, Figure studies and Birds, Trees and Landscapes
Wynne Godley
Wynne Godley was an economist famous for his pessimism toward the British economy and his criticism of the British government. Godley trained to become a musician, studying at the Paris Conservatoire for three years, and becoming principal oboist at the BBC Welsh Orchestra. He was however continuously nervous about performing in public, and gave up this career, in 1955 he married Kitty Epstein, daughter of Jacob Epstein the sculptor, who used his head as the model for his statue of St Michael at the rebuilt Coventry Cathedral. He predicted that the 1973–74 economic boom would end, and that unemployment would hit 3 million in the 1980s, as one of his proteges noted, these dire warnings … earned him the title Cassandra of the Fens and were derided – until they came true. In 1992 he warned that without shared fiscal policy to replace currency movements there would be problems with monetary union in Europe. In 1998, he was one of the first to warn that the imbalance in the global economy. His book Monetary Economics, Integrated Approach to Money, Income and Wealth, written with Marc Lavoie, economist Martin Wolf gave credit to Godleys sectoral financial balances analytical framework in a 2012 analysis of the Great Recession.
These differences can be described as “financial balances”, thus, if a sector is spending less than its income it must be accumulating claims on other sectors. The crucial point is that, since sectoral balances must sum to zero and it follows that if the fiscal deficit is increasing, the sum of the surpluses of the other sectors of the economy must be increasing in a precisely offsetting manner. Wolf explained that an increase in the private sector financial balance drove a large increase in government deficits. Dirk Bezemer argued that Godley was notable for being one of few economists to predict the nature of the recession well in advance. Wynne Godley and Marc Lavoie,2007, Monetary Economics, An Integrated Approach to Credit, Income and Wealth, Palgrave MacMillan
Lady Caroline Blackwood
Lady Caroline Maureen Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood was a writer, and the eldest child of the 4th Marquess of Dufferin and Ava and the brewery heiress Maureen Guinness. Her novels are known for their wit and intelligence, and one in particular is scathingly autobiographical in describing her unhappy childhood and she was born into an Anglo-Irish aristocratic family from Ulster at 4 Hans Crescent in Knightsbridge, her parents London home. She was, she admitted, scantily educated at, among schools, Rockport School. After a finishing school in Oxford she was presented as a debutante in 1949 at a ball held at Londonderry House, blackwood’s first job was with Hulton Press as a secretary, but she was soon given small reporting jobs by Claud Cockburn. Ann Fleming, the wife of James Bond author Ian Fleming, introduced Lady Caroline to Lucian Freud, and she married Freud on 9 December 1953 and became a striking figure in Londons bohemian circles, the Gargoyle Club and Colony Room replaced Belgravia drawing rooms as her haunts.
She sat for several of Freuds finest portraits, including Girl In Bed and she was impressed by the ruthless vision of Freud and Francis Bacon and her fiction was a literary version of their view of humanity. In the early 1960s, Blackwood began contributing to Encounter, London Magazine, although these articles were elegant, minutely observed and sometimes wickedly funny, they had, according to Christopher Isherwood, a persistent flaw, she is only capable of thinking negatively. Confronted by a phenomenon, she herself, what is wrong with it. During the mid-1960s, she had an affair with Robert Silvers and her third husband, Robert Lowell, was a crucial influence on her talents as a novelist. It won the David Higham Prize for best first novel, great Granny Webster followed in 1977 and was partly derived on her own miserable childhood, and depicted an austere and loveless old woman’s destructive impact on her daughter and granddaughter. It was short-listed for the Booker Prize, in 1980 came The Last of the Duchess, a study of the relations between the Duchess of Windsor and her cunning lawyer, Maître Suzanne Blum, it could not be published until after Blum’s death in 1995.
Blackwoods marriage to Lucian Freud disintegrated soon after they married in 1953 and she went to Hollywood and appeared in several films. Her marriage to Freud was finally dissolved in 1958 in Mexico, on 15 August 1959, she married the pianist Israel Citkowitz, a man who would have been the same age as her father. By the time of the birth of the youngest daughter, Ivana in 1966, Blackwoods marriage to Citkowitz was over, though Citkowitz continued to live nearby and served as a nanny-duenna until his death. During the mid-1960s, Blackwood had an affair with Robert Silvers, a founder and co-editor of The New York Review of Books, according to Ivana, both Silvers and Ivana suspected that Silvers was her biological father. However, an admission by Blackwood revealed that Ivanas biological father was another boyfriend, the screenwriter Ivan Moffat. In 1970, Blackwood returned to London and, in April, began a relationship with the poet Robert Lowell, Lowell was at the time a visiting professor at All Souls College, Oxford.
Their son, was born on 28 September 1971 and they lived in London and Milgate House in Kent
Walsall
Walsall is an industrial town in the West Midlands of England. It is located 8 miles north-west of the City of Birmingham and 6 miles east of the City of Wolverhampton, historically a part of Staffordshire, Walsall is a component area of the West Midlands conurbation, and part of the Black Country. Walsall is the centre of the wider Metropolitan Borough of Walsall. At the 2011 census, the towns built-up area had a population of 67,594, neighbouring settlements in the borough include Darlaston, Willenhall and Aldridge. The name Walsall is thought to have derived from the words Walh halh, Walsall is first referenced as Walesho in a document dated 1002. However, it is believed that a manor was held here by William FitzAnsculf, by the first part of the 13th century, Walsall was a small market town, with the weekly market being introduced in 1220 and held on Tuesdays. The mayor of Walsall was created as a position in the 14th century. The town was visited by Queen Elizabeth I, when it was known as Walshale and it was visited by Henrietta Maria in 1643.
She stayed in the town for one night at a building named the White Hart in the area of Caldmore, the Industrial Revolution changed Walsall from a village of 2,000 people in the 16th century to a town of over 86,000 in approximately 200 years. The town manufactured a range of products including saddles, buckles. Nearby, limestone quarrying provided the town with much prosperity, in 1824, the Walsall Corporation received an Act of Parliament to improve the town by providing lighting and a gasworks. The gasworks was built in 1826 at a cost of £4,000, in 1825, the corporation built eleven tiled, brick almshouses for poor women. They were known to the area as Molesleys Almshouses, the Walsall Improvement and Market Act was passed in 1848 and amended in 1850. The Act provided facilities for the poor and extending the sewerage system, on 10 October 1847, a gas explosion killed one person and destroyed the west window of St Matthews Church. Walsall finally received a line in 1847,48 years after canals reached the town.
In 1855, Walsalls first newspaper, the Walsall Courier and South Staffordshire Gazette, was published, over 2000 men from Walsall were killed in fighting during the First World War. They are commemorated by the cenotaph, which is located on the site of a bomb which was dropped by Zeppelin L21 – killing the towns mayoress. Damage from the Zeppelin can still be seen on what is now a club on the corner of the main road, the town has a memorial to two local VC recipients, John Henry Carless and Frederick Gibbs
The Daily Telegraph
It was founded by Arthur B. Sleigh in 1855 as The Daily Telegraph and Courier, the papers motto, Was, is, and will be, appears in the editorial pages and has featured in every edition of the newspaper since April 19,1858. The paper had a circulation of 460,054 in December 2016 and its sister paper, The Sunday Telegraph, which started in 1961, had a circulation of 359,287 as of December 2016. The Daily Telegraph has the largest circulation for a newspaper in the UK. The two sister newspapers are run separately, with different editorial staff, but there is cross-usage of stories, articles published in either may be published on the Telegraph Media Groups www. telegraph. co. uk website, under the title of The Telegraph. However, including an editor, accuse it of being unduly influenced by advertisers. The Daily Telegraph and Courier was founded by Colonel Arthur B, Sleigh in June 1855 to air a personal grievance against the future commander-in-chief of the British Army, Prince George, Duke of Cambridge.
Joseph Moses Levy, the owner of The Sunday Times, agreed to print the newspaper, the paper cost 2d and was four pages long. Nevertheless, the first edition stressed the quality and independence of its articles and journalists, the paper was not a success, and Sleigh was unable to pay Levy the printing bill. Levy took over the newspaper, his aim being to produce a newspaper than his main competitors in London. The same principle should apply to all other events—to fashion, to new inventions, in 1876, Jules Verne published his novel Michael Strogoff, whose plot takes place during a fictional uprising and war in Siberia. In 1937, the newspaper absorbed The Morning Post, which espoused a conservative position. Originally William Ewart Berry, 1st Viscount Camrose, bought The Morning Post with the intention of publishing it alongside The Daily Telegraph, for some years the paper was retitled The Daily Telegraph and Morning Post before it reverted to just The Daily Telegraph. As an result, Gordon Lennox was monitored by MI5, in 1939, The Telegraph published Clare Hollingworths scoop that Germany was to invade Poland.
In November 1940, with Fleet Street subjected to almost daily bombing raids by the Luftwaffe, The Telegraph started printing in Manchester at Kemsley House, Manchester quite often printed the entire run of The Telegraph when its Fleet Street offices were under threat. The name Kemsley House was changed to Thomson House in 1959, in 1986 printing of Northern editions of the Daily and Sunday Telegraph moved to Trafford Park and in 2008 to Newsprinters at Knowsley, Liverpool. During the Second World War, The Daily Telegraph covertly helped in the recruitment of code-breakers for Bletchley Park, the ability to solve The Telegraphs crossword in under 12 minutes was considered to be a recruitment test. The competition itself was won by F. H. W. Hawes of Dagenham who finished the crossword in less than eight minutes, both the Camrose and Burnham families remained involved in management until Conrad Black took control in 1986
Benefits Supervisor Sleeping
Benefits Supervisor Sleeping is a 1995 oil on canvas painting by Lucian Freud depicting an obese, naked woman lying on a couch. It is a portrait of Sue Tilley, weighing about 127 kilograms, Tilley is the author of a biography of the Australian performer Leigh Bowery titled Leigh Bowery, The Life and Times of an Icon. Tilley was introduced to Freud by Bowery, who was already modelling for him, Freud painted a number of large portraits of her around the period 1994–96, and came to call her Big Sue. He said of her body Its flesh without muscle and it has developed a different kind of texture through bearing such a weight-bearing thing. Freuds painting Benefits Supervisor Resting, sold for £35. 8million in 2015 after his death in 2011, replacing Benefits Supervisor Sleeping as the most expensive Freud painting sold at auction. The painting was exhibited twice at Flowers Gallery,1996, Naked – Flowers East at London Fields 1997, British Figurative Art - Part 1, Painting at Flowers East Lot Details on Christies. com
Oil painting
Oil painting is the process of painting with pigments with a medium of drying oil as the binder. Commonly used drying oils include linseed oil, poppy seed oil, walnut oil, the choice of oil imparts a range of properties to the oil paint, such as the amount of yellowing or drying time. Certain differences, depending on the oil, are visible in the sheen of the paints. An artist might use different oils in the same painting depending on specific pigments and effects desired. The paints themselves develop a particular consistency depending on the medium, the oil may be boiled with a resin, such as pine resin or frankincense, to create a varnish prized for its body and gloss. Its practice may have migrated westward during the Middle Ages, Oil paint eventually became the principal medium used for creating artworks as its advantages became widely known. In recent years, water miscible oil paint has come to prominence and, to some extent, water-soluble paints contain an emulsifier that allows them to be thinned with water rather than paint thinner, and allows very fast drying times when compared with traditional oils.
Traditional oil painting techniques often begin with the artist sketching the subject onto the canvas with charcoal or thinned paint, Oil paint is usually mixed with linseed oil, artist grade mineral spirits, or other solvents to make the paint thinner, faster or slower-drying. A basic rule of oil paint application is fat over lean and this means that each additional layer of paint should contain more oil than the layer below to allow proper drying. If each additional layer contains less oil, the painting will crack. This rule does not ensure permanence, it is the quality and type of oil leads to a strong. There are many media that can be used with the oil, including cold wax, resins. These aspects of the paint are closely related to the capacity of oil paint. Traditionally, paint was transferred to the surface using paintbrushes. Oil paint remains wet longer than other types of artists materials, enabling the artist to change the color. At times, the painter might even remove a layer of paint.
This can be done with a rag and some turpentine for a time while the paint is wet, Oil paint dries by oxidation, not evaporation, and is usually dry to the touch within a span of two weeks. It is generally dry enough to be varnished in six months to a year, art conservators do not consider an oil painting completely dry until it is 60 to 80 years old
Kathleen Garman
She was the model and longtime mistress of British/American sculptor Jacob Epstein, and eventually his second wife. They met in 1921 and immediately began a relationship that lasted until Epsteins death and their daughter, Kitty Garman, was the first wife of Lucian Freud, their son was the artist Theodore Garman. Kathleen Garman was born on 15 May 1901 in Wednesbury, the daughter of Dr Walter Chancellor Garman, a general practitioner, and his wife, Margaret Frances Magill. She was one of nine children, seven sisters and two brothers, Sylvia, Douglas, Helen, Ruth, the family lived at Oakeswell Hall, Wednesbury. Kathleen took music lessons at the Birmingham and Midland Institute, in 1919 the sisters decided to run away to London. Kathleen was employed by Harrods, helping with the horses that pulled the delivery carriages, shocked by their behaviour, their father eventually decided to support them. They rented an apartment at 13 Regent Square, Camden. At night they frequented West End clubs such as The Gargoyle, The Harlequin and it was at the Harlequin that Kathleen met the 40-year-old Epstein, who invited her to his table and asked her to pose for him.
Mary ended up marrying the South African poet Roy Campbell, Kathleen and Lorna were all to become bohemian members of what became known as the Bloomsbury Group. In 1936 Kathleen was photographed by Gordon Anthony, in 1921, Kathleen began a relationship with the married sculptor Jacob Epstein, becoming his model and his mistress. Her father, who disapproved of the affair, cut her out of his will when he died in 1923. In 1923, Epsteins jealous wife Margaret invited Kathleen to her house, Epstein paid Kathleens hospital bills and persuaded her not to press charges against Margaret, lest it erupt into a public scandal. After this incident, Margaret encouraged Jacob into multiple affairs in the hope he would tire of Kathleen, while Epstein and his wife were childless, Margaret raised as their own his children from other liaisons, his daughter Peggy Jean, and his son Jackie. Kathleen and Epstein continued to see other, having three children together in 1924,1926, and 1929. They married in June 1955, in a ceremony at Fulham Register Office, London.
Upon their marriage, Kathleen became Lady Epstein and his sole beneficiary, after his death in 1959, she donated his works of art to the Israel Museum. Kathleens three children with Jacob Epstein were, Theodore Garman was a successful artist, but suffered from mental instability and it was said on his death, shortly before his 30th birthday, that he had destroyed most of his canvasses in fits of depression. Kitty Garman was the first wife of the artist Lucian Freud and she became his muse after being introduced to him by her aunt Lorna
Three Studies of Lucian Freud
Three Studies of Lucian Freud is a 1969 oil-on-canvas triptych by the Irish-born British painter Francis Bacon, depicting artist Lucian Freud. It was sold in November 2013 for US$142.4 million and that record was surpassed in May 2015 by Version O of Picassos Les Femmes dAlger series. Bacon and Freud were friends but artistic rivals, introduced in 1945 by artist Graham Sutherland, they swiftly became close friends who met frequently. The two artists painted each other several times, starting in 1951, when Freud first sat for Bacon, two full-length triptychs of Freud by Bacon resulted. Three Studies of Lucian Freud is the of the two, the first one, created in 1966, has not been seen since 1992. They form part of a series of large portraits of Bacons friends painted in the 1960s, other subjects include Isabel Rawsthorne, Muriel Belcher. Bacon and Freuds friendship ended after an argument in the mid-1970s, behind each figure is a headboard of a bed, originating in a set of photographs of Freud by John Deakin which Bacon used as a reference.
Michael Peppiatt writes Trapped here in a series of Baconian cages, the central panel portrays the figure face on, in a pose similar to that Bacon used for George Dyer, his lover. Brett Gorvy of Christies considers the work to represent a marriage of the important people in Bacons life. The three canvases of the triptych are the size and are each individually framed. The colouring is brighter than is typical of Bacons works, Art historian Ben Street describes the work as not an A-grade Bacon. It was among Bacons favourites of his works, the triptych was painted in 1969 at the Royal College of Art in London, where Bacon had a large enough studio to work on three adjacent canvases simultaneously. It was first exhibited in 1970 at the Galleria dArte Galatea in Turin, and was included in a retrospective at the Grand Palais in Paris, the three panels of the triptych were sold separately in the mid-1970s. Bacon was unhappy that the panels had been split up, writing on a photograph of the panel that it was meaningless unless it is united with the other two panels.
The reassembled triptych was exhibited in the US, at the Yale Center for British Art, New Haven, Connecticut in 1999, but the entire work was not exhibited in the UK until October 2013. On 12 November 2013, the triptych sold for US$142.4 million to Elaine Wynn at Christies New York auction house, nominally becoming the most expensive work of art ever to be sold at auction. When inflation is taken into account, a price was reached at the same auction house for Van Goghs Portrait of Dr. Gachet. Bacons triptych did surpass the constant dollar record of $119.9 million set by the version of Edvard Munchs Scream in May 2012
John Farleigh
He is known for his illustrations of D. H. Lawrences work, The Man Who Died, and for the posters he designed for London County Council Tramways and London Transport. He was a painter, lithographer and art tutor and he attended drawing classes at the Bolt Court School. In 1918 he was drafted into the army and served until peace was declared in November of the same year and he resumed his apprenticeship and was awarded a government grant enabling him to enrol for three years at the London County Council Central School of Arts and Crafts. The teaching staff included Bernard Meninsky and Noel Rooke who trained him in wood-engraving, here he tutored some extremely talented wood-engravers, including Monica Poole. Farleigh was a member and chairman of the Crafts Centre of Great Britain. In 1941 the British Council commissioned him to design the page of the catalogue for the Exhibition of Modern British Crafts. The world-famous writer Judith Kerr said that he was the person who taught her most when she was doing evening classes at St Martins School of Art during the war.
Farleighs work was widely exhibited - Leicester Galleries, Manchester City Art Gallery, Royal Society of Painter-Etchers and Engravers, Royal Scottish Academy and Cooling and Sons Gallery. His wood-engravings appeared in the 1925 Golden Cockerel Press edition of Selected Essays by The Reverend Jonathan Swift and he was elected an Associate of the Royal Society of Painter-Printmakers in 1937 and a full member in 1948. A comprehensive list falls outside the scope of article. Graven Image - It Never Dies - Monica Poole, The Wood Engravings of John Farleigh - Exploring 20th Century London - John Farleigh posters Biographical details for John Farleigh
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst. Freud was born to Galician Jewish parents in the Moravian town of Freiberg and he qualified as a doctor of medicine in 1881 at the University of Vienna. Upon completing his habilitation in 1885, he was appointed a docent in neuropathology, Freud lived and worked in Vienna, having set up his clinical practice there in 1886. In 1938 Freud left Austria to escape the Nazis and he died in exile in the United Kingdom in 1939. In creating psychoanalysis, Freud developed therapeutic techniques such as the use of free association and discovered transference, Freuds redefinition of sexuality to include its infantile forms led him to formulate the Oedipus complex as the central tenet of psychoanalytical theory. His analysis of dreams as wish-fulfillments provided him with models for the analysis of symptom formation. On this basis Freud elaborated his theory of the unconscious and went on to develop a model of psychic structure comprising id, in his work Freud developed a wide-ranging interpretation and critique of religion and culture.
Though in overall decline as a diagnostic and clinical practice, psychoanalysis remains influential within psychology and psychotherapy, Freuds work has suffused contemporary Western thought and popular culture. In the words of W. H. Audens 1940 poetic tribute, by the time of Freuds death, Freud was born to Jewish parents in the Moravian town of Freiberg, in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the first of eight children. Both of his parents were from Galicia, in modern-day Ukraine and his father, Jakob Freud, a wool merchant, had two sons and Philipp, by his first marriage. Jakobs family were Hasidic Jews, and although Jakob himself had moved away from the tradition and he and Freuds mother, Amalia Nathansohn, who was 20 years younger and his third wife, were married by Rabbi Isaac Noah Mannheimer on 29 July 1855. They were struggling financially and living in a room, in a locksmiths house at Schlossergasse 117 when their son Sigmund was born. He was born with a caul, which his mother saw as an omen for the boys future.
In 1859, the Freud family left Freiberg, Freuds half brothers emigrated to Manchester, parting him from the inseparable playmate of his early childhood, Emanuels son, John. Jakob Freud took his wife and two children firstly to Leipzig and in 1860 to Vienna where four sisters and a brother were born, Marie, Paula, in 1865, the nine-year-old Freud entered the Leopoldstädter Kommunal-Realgymnasium, a prominent high school. He proved an outstanding pupil and graduated from the Matura in 1873 with honors and he loved literature and was proficient in German, Italian, English, Hebrew and Greek. Freud entered the University of Vienna at age 17, in 1876, Freud spent four weeks at Clauss zoological research station in Trieste, dissecting hundreds of eels in an inconclusive search for their male reproductive organs. He graduated with an MD in 1881, in 1882, Freud began his medical career at the Vienna General Hospital
