Portuguese Communist Party
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The Portuguese Communist Party is a communist, Marxist–Leninist political party in Portugal based upon democratic centralism. The party also considers itself patriotic and internationalist, and it is characterized as being between the left-wing and far-left on the political spectrum.
Álvaro Cunhal (1961–1992), its 3rd and longest serving secretary-general.
"Legalização do Partido Comunista Português" (transl. Legalization of the Portuguese Communist Party) (1974)
PCP billboard in Lisbon, reading "Increase salaries and pensions, stop price rises. With you everyday, against exploitation and speculation."
Estado Novo (Portugal)
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The Estado Novo was the corporatist Portuguese state installed in 1933. It evolved from the Ditadura Nacional formed after the coup d'état of 28 May 1926 against the unstable First Republic. Together, the Ditadura Nacional and the Estado Novo are recognised by historians as the Second Portuguese Republic. The Estado Novo, greatly inspired by conservative and autocratic ideologies, was developed by António de Oliveira Salazar, who was President of the Council of Ministers from 1932 until illness forced him out of office in 1968.
Mocidade Portuguesa (Portuguese Youth) members working in the Monsanto Forest Park, Lisbon, circa 1938
António de Oliveira Salazar in 1940
President Truman signing the North Atlantic Treaty with Portuguese Ambassador Teotónio Pereira standing behind