Propaganda in the Republic of China has been an important tool since its inception with the 1911 Revolution. The term xuanchuan can have either a neutral connotation in official government contexts or a pejorative connotation in informal contexts. Some xuanchuan collocations usually refer to "propaganda", others to "publicity", and still others are ambiguous. It also was an important tool in legitimizing the Nationalist government that retreated from mainland China to Taiwan in 1949.

The Government Information Office, Executive Yuan was a cabinet-level agency of the Executive Yuan of Taiwan in charge of promoting government policies and regulating domestic media.