Ptolemy
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Claudius Ptolemy, better known mononymously as Ptolemy, was a Greco-Roman mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of w
Portrait of Ptolemy by Justus van Gent or Pedro Berruguete (1476)
Engraving of a crowned Ptolemy being guided by Urania, by Gregor Reisch (1508), from Margarita Philosophica showing an early conflation of the mathematician with the royal house of Ptolemaic Egypt, with the same last name.
Pages from the Almagest in Arabic translation showing astronomical tables.
A depiction of the non-Ptolemaic Universe with no epicycles, possibly from 500 years before Ptolemy, as described in the Planetary Hypotheses by Bartolomeu Velho (1568).
Geocentrism
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Geocentrism is a superseded astronomical model description of the Universe with Earth at the center. It is also known as the geocentric model, often exemplified specifically by the Ptolemaic system. U
Ptolemy
…from the Koine Greek meaning 'four books'; Latin: Quadripartitum). The Catholic Church promoted his work, which included the only mathematically sound geocentric model of the Solar System. Unlike that of most Greek mathematicians, Ptolemy's writings (foremost the Almagest) were copied or evaluated in late antiquity…
Pages from 1550 Annotazione on Sacrobosco's De sphaera mundi, showing the Ptolemaic system.