Punch, or The London Charivari was a British weekly magazine of humour and satire established in 1841 by Henry Mayhew and wood-engraver Ebenezer Landells. Historically, it was most influential in the 1840s and 1850s, when it helped to coin the term "cartoon" in its modern sense as a humorous illustration. Artists at Punch included John Tenniel who, from 1850, was the chief cartoon artist at the magazine for over 50 years.
John Leech, Substance and Shadow (1843), published as Cartoon, No. 1
1861: 24 August cover shows Pope Pius IX delivering weapons to the Southern Italian brigands.
Editorial meeting of Punch magazine in the late 19th century
Victorian prostitutes, Punch 1857
Charivari was a European and North American folk custom designed to shame a member of the community, in which a mock parade was staged through the settlement accompanied by a discordant mock serenade. Since the crowd aimed to make as much noise as possible by beating on pots and pans or anything that came to hand, these parades were often referred to as rough music.
William Hogarth's engraving "Hudibras Encounters the Skimmington" (illustration to Samuel Butler's Hudibras)
Depiction of charivari, early 14th century (from the Roman de Fauvel)
Paris men sing a drunken serenade in Honoré Daumier's series of humorous cartoons, The Musicians of Paris.