Punched card
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A punched card is a stiff paper-based medium used to store digital information via the presence or absence of holes in predefined positions. Developed over the 19th to 20th centuries, punched cards we
A set of two 12-row/80-column punched cards (one blank, one used) from the mid-twentieth century
Carpet loom with Jacquard apparatus by Carl Engel, around 1860. The chain feed is on the left.
A worker changing Jacquard cards in a lace machine, September 1918. The pattern of the lace is dictated by the holes in the cards.
Woman operating the card puncher, c. 1940
Unit record equipment
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Unit record equipment, electric accounting machines, or tab equipment were electromechanical machines used for performing data processing. Used well before the advent of electronic computers, unit rec
Replica of Hollerith tabulating machine with sorting box, circa 1890. The "sorting box" was an adjunct to, and controlled by, the tabulator. The "sorter", an independent machine, was a later development.
Hollerith machine in use at the London School of Economics in 1964
IBM 029 Card Punch
IBM 082 Sorter