Twice every year, the Sun culminates at the zenith of the Kaaba in Mecca, the holiest site in Islam, at local solar noon, allowing the qibla to be ascertained in other parts of the world by observing
The qibla determines the direction, from any point in the world to the Kaaba, in the Great Mosque of Mecca.
As a result of the Earth's orbit around the Sun, the Sun's latitude position appears to move seasonally between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
At the time of rasd al-qibla, the shadow of a vertical object indicates the direction of qibla.
Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201–1276), an early astronomer who wrote about qibla observation by shadows.
The qibla is the direction towards the Kaaba in the Sacred Mosque in Mecca, which is used by Muslims in various religious contexts, particularly the direction of prayer for the salah. According to Isl
Qibla observation by shadows
…Twice every year, the Sun culminates at the zenith of the Kaaba in Mecca, the holiest site in Islam, at local solar noon, allowing the qibla (the direction towards the Kaaba) to be ascertained in other parts of the world by observing the shadows cast by vertical objects. This phenomenon…
Muslims surrounding and facing the Kaaba for prayer
The Mihrab in one of the walls of a mosque indicates the qibla direction to be used for prayers. Picture from the Shah-i-Zinda, Samarkand, Uzbekistan.
A portion of the qibla table compiled by astronomer and muwaqqit Shams al-Din al-Khalili of Damascus in the 14th century. The qibla directions are listed in the Arabic sexagesimal notation.
The Islamic Center of Washington (founded 1953), one of the early mosques in the United States. Its qibla faces the northeast in line with astronomical calculations.