1.
Bell Media
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CTVglobemedia, was one of Canadas largest private media companies. Its operations included newspaper publishing, television broadcasting and production, radio broadcasting, in September 2010, Bell announced plans to re-acquire full control of the groups broadcasting assets. The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission approved the Bell/CTV portion of the deal in March 2011, the company was renamed Bell Media when the deal closed in April 2011, with Bells sympatico. ca Internet portal becoming part of Bell Media. CTVglobemedias main asset was CTV Inc. a major Canadian broadcaster, CTV and its subsidiaries own the following broadcast television assets, CTV, Canadas oldest, largest, and most-watched private broadcast television network, including 21 owned and operated stations. Along with broadcast television stations, CTVglobemedia also owned 30 cable television specialty channels, for all practical purposes, CTVglobemedia is the successor to Baton Broadcasting Inc. which by the late 1990s had become one of Canadas largest broadcasters. Baton Aldred Rogers Broadcasting Ltd. was originally formed in 1960 to operate Torontos first private TV station, the original investors included the Bassett and Eaton families, Joel Aldred and Ted Rogers, and Foster Hewitt in a much smaller role. Aldred sold his shares in 1961, followed by Rogers by 1970, with the Bassett and Eaton families firmly in control, CFTO was one of the charter affiliates of CTV when that network formed in 1961, becoming the networks flagship. In 1966, Baton became a part-owner in the network when it was reorganized as a station-owned cooperative, the Board of Broadcast Governors was initially skeptical about the proposal to turn CTV into a cooperative. Since CFTO was by far the largest and richest station in the network, additionally, if one owner ever bought another station, the acquired stations shares would be redistributed among the remaining owners so that each owner would still have one vote out of eight. In 1972, Baton began purchasing other CTV affiliates, starting with CFQC-TV in Saskatoon and this did not, however, give Baton a substantially higher investment in CTV, since its shares were redistributed among the other owners. As a result, Baton still had one vote out of eight. In 1987, Baton began an effort to take over CTV. It started this drive with an expansion into Saskatchewan, purchasing CKCK-TV in Regina, Yorkton twinstick CKOS-TV/CICC-TV. A twinstick CTV affiliate was soon launched in Prince Albert, CIPA-TV, in the late 1980s, Baton applied for a high-power station in Ottawa on channel 60. The licence was approved by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission, appealed to federal cabinet by rival broadcasters, however the licence was surrendered when Baton was instead able to acquire the local CTV affiliate, CJOH-TV, from Allan Slaights Standard Broadcasting. In 1990, Baton purchased the MCTV system of operations in Pembroke, North Bay, Sudbury, Timmins. In 1993, Baton purchased CFPL-TV in London, CKNX-TV in Wingham and received a licence for a new independent station, CHWI-TV, in 1991, the company launched Ontario Network Television, a secondary affiliation carried by Batons CTV and independent stations in Ontario. This was expanded in 1994 into the Baton Broadcast System, or BBS, BBS was meant as a backup in case Batons ongoing acquisitions did not translate into control of CTV itself
2.
CARAS
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The Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences is a non-profit organization responsible for promoting Canadian music and artists. It administers the Juno Awards, the Canadian Music Hall of Fame, cARASs mandate is to promote and celebrate Canadian music and artists. Since its establishment in 1997, MusiCounts will have, Awarded nearly 5 million dollars to keep music alive. Impacted 262 Post-Secondary graduates and an estimated 400,000 students, their schools, in 2011-2012, MusiCounts honoured its 7th extraordinary music teacher through the MusiCounts Teacher of the Year Award. CARAS has been inducting into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame since 1978 and has inducted 57 artists, Juno Award Music of Canada National Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences Showcase, a Directory of Canadian Recording Artists. Inaugural ed. published in June 1980, without ISBN or ISSN Official website
3.
Canada's Walk of Fame
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Canadas Walk of Fame, located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, is a walk of fame that acknowledges the achievements and accomplishments of successful Canadians. The first group of members was inducted in 1998, and to date 163 Canadians have been inducted into Canadas Walk of Fame. They rejected his idea, but he went on to establish a Walk of Fame for Canadians in partnership with Bill Ballard, Dusty Cohl and Gary Slaight. In spite of a lack of funds, research and no plan, they managed to succeed. Canadas Walk of Fame has since become a popular tourist attraction in Toronto and has named the number one Canadian recognition event. Canadas Walk of Fame accepts nominations for potential inductees from the year round. In 2000, prior to the introduction of the voting system, over 30,000 nominations were received via letters, fax. Now submissions are accepted on the official Canadas Walk of Fame website and thousands of nominations are received every year, following the Selection Committees evaluation, the nominees that meet all of the requirements are forwarded to the board of directors, who then select the inductees. The process differs greatly from that of the Hollywood Walk of Fame, while most celebrities on the Hollywood Walk of Fame are American or have achieved their fame in the United States, Canadas Walk of Fame is exclusive to Canadians. For someone to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, from there, the names are submitted to a nominating committee of five people, who pick 10–15 names to award stars to annually. Canadian stars are inducted in a group ceremony, while the Hollywood Walk of Fame rarely inducts more than two major stars at a time. Celebrities can have more than one star on the Hollywood Walk, new inductees are inducted annually at an unveiling ceremony where their star, a stylized maple leaf, is revealed. The first was held in 1998 and only four of the living inductees attended, Karen Kain, Norman Jewison, Barbara Ann Scott. The 2007 ceremony was held at Torontos Hummingbird Centre, was attended by all seven inductees and was hosted by Eugene Levy, past hosts include Trish Stratus, Tom Green, Jann Arden, Kurt Browning and Catriona Le May Doan. The ceremony was broadcast by CTV until 2008, beginning in 2009 the ceremony was broadcast by Global. The first ceremony on the network was hosted by Anne Murray while Howie Mandel hosted for the two years. Paul Shaffer hosted the event in 2012, established in 2008, the Cineplex Legends Award is posthumously awarded to Canadian pioneers in film, music, sport, arts, and innovation. Sponsored by Cineplex Entertainment, the first recipients of the award were siblings Norma, the award recipients are also given stars on the Walk of Fame
4.
Roy Thomson Hall
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Roy Thomson Hall is a concert hall in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Located downtown in the entertainment district, it is home to the Toronto Symphony Orchestra. Opened in 1982, its architectural design exhibits a sloping. It was designed by Canadian architects Arthur Erickson and Mathers and Haldenby, the hall seats 2,630 guests and features a pipe organ built by Canadian organ builders Gabriel Kney of London, Ontario. The hall was known as The New Massey Hall during its construction and pre-construction phase. It acquired its name on January 14,1982, as thanks to the family of Roy Thomson. The hall was renovated over a period of six months in 2002, filmmaker Jeffery Klassens 2005 film, Toronto Architecture, interviews Arthur Erickson about the structure. Erickson talks of the point of the structure being that of a container which people were to fill up with their own decorations. The pond was designed to be used as a skating rink in the winter. The building was influenced by Ericksons journeys in Japan and his relationship with the North American Aboriginals, the hall is one of the main venues used by the Toronto International Film Festival, with many gala screenings held there each year. The concert hall was used in scenes of the film X-Men, the hall was the venue of the state funeral of federal Leader of the Official Opposition and NDP leader Jack Layton on August 27,2011
5.
Massey Hall
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Massey Hall is a performing arts theatre in the Garden District of downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The theatre was designed to seat 3,500 patrons, Massey Hall was designated a National Historic Site of Canada on June 15,1981. Massey Hall was built to fill the need for a meeting place where people from Toronto and area could meet. It was designed with a facade, and features moorish arches that span the width of the interior hall. This interior was inspired by the Alhambra Palace in Spain as well as Louis Sullivans Chicago Auditorium, the exterior neoclassical facade was a preference voiced from Lillian, Hart Masseys daughter. Designed by architect Sidney Badgley, Massey Hall was completed in 1894 at a cost of $152,390.75, construction was financed by Hart Massey of Massey-Harris holding company. The halls debut concert was on June 14,1894, the Albert Building, at 15 Shuter Street, was added as a janitorial residence in 1917, and later converted as backstage space. However, it will be demolished and replaced by a new addition during pending renovations in spite of potential historic value, the exterior is Palladian architecture while the interior is Moorish Revival architecture. In 1933, the Massey Foundation undertook further renovations to the hall and it is currently used for a variety of events and is operated by the same corporation as Roy Thomson Hall. In 1994, to commemorate the Halls 100th anniversary, the basement was refurbished to include Centuries. Prior to this addition, alcohol was not permitted in the hall, the decor of Centuries includes hundreds of photos of artists who have performed there over the years including many autographs. Centuries has a capacity of 220 people, and often hosts CD release parties, roughly five years after Centuries was created, an additional bar in the balcony lounge was added. The doors at the front of the venue were painted red, a neon sign was hung above the main entrance. Many dignitaries have attended the Hall since its inauguration, in 1901, the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York visited with Canadian Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier. It was the site of the legendary Charlie Parker-Dizzy Gillespie concert, recorded as Jazz at Massey Hall, accompanying Gillespie and Parker in this acoustically sound hall were Bud Powell, Max Roach and Charles Mingus. Neil Youngs performance on January 19,1971 was recorded and later released as a live album, rush, in June 1976, recorded the live album All the Worlds a Stage here. Matthew Good performed and recorded his concert, on May 29,2008, during Natty Dread Tour, Bob Marley and The Wailers performed for the first time in Toronto, Canada on June 8,1975. On January 8,1995, Ronnie Hawkins celebrated his 60th birthday by throwing a concert here, the concert featured performances by Hawkins, Carl Perkins, Jerry Lee Lewis, The Band and Larry Gowan
6.
Universal Music Group
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Universal Music Group is an American-French global music corporation that is a subsidiary of the Paris-based French media conglomerate Vivendi. UMGs global corporate headquarters are in Santa Monica, California and it is considered one of the Big Three record labels, along with Warner Music Group and Sony Music Entertainment. Universal Music was once the music attached to film studio Universal Pictures and its origins go back to the formation of the American branch of Decca Records in September 1934. The Decca Record Co. Ltd. of England spun American Decca off in 1939, MCA Inc. merged with American Decca in 1962. The present organization was formed when its parent company Seagram purchased PolyGram in May 1998, however, the name had first appeared in 1996 when MCA Music Entertainment Group was renamed Universal Music Group. The PolyGram acquisition included Deutsche Grammophon which traces its ancestry to Berliner Gramophone making Deutsche Grammophon UMGs oldest unit, UMGs Canadian unit traces its ancestry to a Berliner Gramophone breakaway firm the Compo Company. With the 2004 acquisition of Universal Studios by General Electric and merging with GEs NBC and this is the second time a music company has done so, the first being the separation of Time Warner and Warner Music Group. On June 25,2007, Vivendi completed its €1.63 billion purchase of BMG Music Publishing, after receiving European Union regulatory approval, doug Morris stepped down from his position as CEO on January 1,2011. Former chairman/CEO of Universal Music International Lucian Grainge was promoted to CEO of the company, Grainge later replaced him as chairman on March 9,2011. Morris became the chairman of Sony Music Entertainment on July 1,2011. With Grainges appointment as CEO at UMG, Max Hole was promoted to COO of UMGI, starting in 2011 UMGs Interscope Geffen A&M Records will be signing contestants from American Idol/Idol series. On January 2011, UMG announced it was donating 200,000 master recordings from the 1920s to 1940s to the Library of Congress for preservation, in March 2011, Barry Weiss became chairman & CEO of The Island Def Jam Music Group & Universal Republic Records. Both companies are restructuring under Weiss, in December 2011, David Foster was named Chairman of Verve Music Group. Among the other companies that had competed for the music business was Warner Music Group which was reported to have made a $2 billion bid. However, IMPALA has said it would fight the merger, coincidentally, UMG sister company StudioCanal has owned the EMI Films library for several years. On September 21,2012, the sale of EMI to UMG was approved in Europe, UMG divested Mute Records, Parlophone, Roxy Recordings, MPS Records, Cooperative Music, Now Thats What I Call Music. Jazzland, Universal Greece, Sanctuary Records, Chrysalis Records, EMI Classics, Virgin Classics, the Beatles recorded music library was allowed to remain with UMG despite being considered part of Parlophone and is now managed by UMGs reorganized Capitol Music Group worldwide. Robbie Williams, who had recorded for Chrysalis, had his transferred to Universals Island Records
7.
Canada
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Canada is a country in the northern half of North America. Canadas border with the United States is the worlds longest binational land border, the majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its territory being dominated by forest and tundra. It is highly urbanized with 82 per cent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, One third of the population lives in the three largest cities, Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. Its capital is Ottawa, and other urban areas include Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg. Various aboriginal peoples had inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization. Pursuant to the British North America Act, on July 1,1867, the colonies of Canada, New Brunswick and this began an accretion of provinces and territories to the mostly self-governing Dominion to the present ten provinces and three territories forming modern Canada. With the Constitution Act 1982, Canada took over authority, removing the last remaining ties of legal dependence on the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Canada is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II being the head of state. The country is officially bilingual at the federal level and it is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many other countries. Its advanced economy is the eleventh largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources, Canadas long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its economy and culture. Canada is a country and has the tenth highest nominal per capita income globally as well as the ninth highest ranking in the Human Development Index. It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom, Canada is an influential nation in the world, primarily due to its inclusive values, years of prosperity and stability, stable economy, and efficient military. While a variety of theories have been postulated for the origins of Canada. In 1535, indigenous inhabitants of the present-day Quebec City region used the word to direct French explorer Jacques Cartier to the village of Stadacona, from the 16th to the early 18th century Canada referred to the part of New France that lay along the St. Lawrence River. In 1791, the area became two British colonies called Upper Canada and Lower Canada collectively named The Canadas, until their union as the British Province of Canada in 1841. Upon Confederation in 1867, Canada was adopted as the name for the new country at the London Conference. The transition away from the use of Dominion was formally reflected in 1982 with the passage of the Canada Act, later that year, the name of national holiday was changed from Dominion Day to Canada Day
8.
U2
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U2 are an Irish rock band from Dublin formed in 1976. The group consists of Bono, the Edge, Adam Clayton, initially rooted in post-punk, U2s sound grew to incorporate influences from many genres of popular music, yet has maintained an anthemic sound. Their lyrics, often embellished with spiritual imagery, focus on personal themes, popular for their live performances, the group has staged several ambitious and elaborate tours over their career. The band formed at Mount Temple Comprehensive School in 1976 when the members were teenagers with limited musical proficiency, within four years, they signed with Island Records and released their debut album Boy. Subsequent work such as their first UK number-one album War, by the mid-1980s, they had become renowned globally for their live act, highlighted by their performance at Live Aid in 1985. The groups fifth album, The Joshua Tree, made them international superstars and was their greatest critical and commercial success. Topping music charts around the world, it produced their only number-one singles in the US, With or Without You, facing a backlash and creative stagnation, U2 reinvented themselves in the 1990s through a new musical direction and public image. This experimentation continued through their album, Pop, and the PopMart Tour. U2 regained critical and commercial favour with the records All That You Cant Leave Behind and How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb and their U2 360° Tour of 2009–2011 is the highest-attended and highest-grossing concert tour in history. The groups thirteenth album, Songs of Innocence, was released at no cost through the iTunes Store, U2 have released 13 studio albums and are one of the worlds best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 170 million records worldwide. They have won 22 Grammy Awards, more than any other band, Rolling Stone ranked U2 at number 22 on its list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. The band formed in Dublin on 25 September 1976, Larry Mullen Jr. then a 14-year-old student at Mount Temple Comprehensive School, posted a note on the schools notice board in search of musicians for a new band—six people responded. Mullen later described it as The Larry Mullen Band for about ten minutes, then Bono walked in and blew any chance I had of being in charge. Martin, who had brought his guitar and amplifier to the first practice but could not play, did not remain with the group, the group settled on the name Feedback because it was one of the few technical terms they knew. Most of their material consisted of cover songs, which the band admitted was not their forte. Some of the earliest influences on the band were emerging punk rock acts, such as the Jam, the Clash, Buzzcocks, the popularity of punk rock convinced the group that musical proficiency was not a prerequisite to being successful. In April 1977, Feedback played their first gig for an audience at St. Fintans High School. Shortly after, the changed their name to The Hype
9.
Bono
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Paul David Hewson, known by his stage name Bono, is an Irish singer-songwriter, musician, venture capitalist, businessman, and philanthropist. He is best known as the lead vocalist of rock band U2, Bono was born and raised in Dublin, Ireland, and attended Mount Temple Comprehensive School where he met his future wife, Alison Stewart, and the future members of U2. Bono writes almost all U2 lyrics, frequently using religious, social, during U2s early years, his lyrics contributed to their rebellious and spiritual tone. As the band matured, his lyrics became inspired more by personal experiences shared with the other members, Bono is also widely known for his activism concerning Africa, for which he co-founded DATA, EDUN, the ONE Campaign and Product Red. He has organised and played in several concerts and has met with influential politicians. Bono has been praised for his activism and involvement with U2, together with Bill and Melinda Gates, Bono was named Time Person of the Year in 2005, among other awards and nominations. Bono was born in the Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, on 10 May 1960. He was raised in the Northside suburb of Finglas with his brother by their mother, Iris, a member of the Church of Ireland, and their father, Brendan Robert Bob Hewson and his parents initially agreed that the first child would be raised Anglican and the second Catholic. Although Bono was the child, he also attended Church of Ireland services with his mother and brother. He went to the local primary Glasnevin National School, Bonos mother died on 10 September 1974, after suffering a cerebral aneurysm at her fathers funeral. Many U2 songs, including I Will Follow, Mofo, Out of Control, Lemon, Bono attended Mount Temple Comprehensive School, a multi-denominational school in Clontarf. During his childhood and adolescence, Bono and his friends were part of a surrealist street gang called Lypton Village, Bono met one of his closest friends, Guggi, in Lypton Village. The gang had a ritual of nickname-giving, Bono had several names, first, he was Steinhegvanhuysenolegbangbangbang, then just Huyseman, followed by Houseman, Bon Murray, Bono Vox of OConnell Street, and finally just Bono. Bono Vox is an alteration of Bonavox, a Latin phrase which translates to good voice and it is said he was nicknamed Bono Vox by his friend Gavin Friday. He initially disliked the name, however, when he learned it translated to good voice, Hewson has been known as Bono since the late 1970s. Although he uses Bono as his name, close family and friends also refer to him as Bono. After he left school, his father Bob Hewson, told him he could live at home for one year but if he was not able to pay his own way, Bono is married to Alison Hewson. The couple have four children, daughters Jordan and Memphis Eve and sons Elijah Bob Patricius Guggi Q, Bono is almost never seen in public without sunglasses, as he suffers from glaucoma
10.
Gene Simmons
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Chaim Witz, known professionally as Gene Simmons, is an Israeli-American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, entrepreneur, actor and television personality. Also known by his stage persona The Demon, he is the bass guitarist and co-lead singer of Kiss, chaim Witz was born on August 25,1949 at Rambam Hospital, in Haifa, Israel. At age 8, he emigrated to New York City, with his mother, Simmons was raised in a Jewish household, where he practised playing his guitar hours without end. His mother, Flóra Florence Klein, was born in Jánd, the name Klein, which means small in German, has the Hungarian equivalent Kis, this, however, did not give the band its name. Simmons mother survived internment in Nazi concentration camps and she and her brother, Larry Klein, were the only members of the family to survive the Holocaust. Simmons father, Feri Witz, also Hungarian-born, remained in Israel, Simmons says the family was dirt poor, scraping by on bread and milk. In the United States, Simmons changed his name to Eugene Klein, before his musical career began, Simmons worked a variety of jobs in the city. An excellent typist, he served as an assistant to an editor of the fashion magazine Vogue, a significant influence on Simmons was the Beatles. There is no way Id be doing what I do now if it wasnt for The Beatles, I was watching The Ed Sullivan Show and I saw them. Those skinny little boys, kind of androgynous, with hair like girls. It blew me away that these four boys the middle of nowhere could make that music, Simmons became involved with his first band, Lynx, then renamed The Missing Links, when he was a teenager. Eventually, he disbanded the band to form The Long Island Sounds, while he played in these bands, he worked at odd jobs on the side to make more money, including trading used comic books. Simmons attended Sullivan County Community College in Loch Sheldrake, New York and he then joined a new band, Bullfrog Bheer, and the band recorded a demo, Leeta, this was later included on the Kiss box set. Simmons formed the rock band Wicked Lester in the early 1970s with Stanley Eisen and recorded one album and they decided to form the ultimate rock band, and started looking for a drummer. Simmons and Stanley found an ad placed by George Peter John Criscuola who was playing clubs in Brooklyn at the time, during this time, Criss and Simmons also appeared on an unreleased album by Captain Sanity together with members from Criss previous band Chelsea. Paul Frehley responded to an ad they put in The Village Voice for a guitar player. Kiss released their debut album in February 1974. Stanley took on the role of lead performer on stage, while Simmons became the force behind what became an extensive Kiss merchandising franchise
11.
Kiss (band)
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Kiss is an American hard rock group formed in New York City in January 1973 by Paul Stanley, Gene Simmons, Peter Criss, and Ace Frehley. The band has gone through several changes, with Stanley. The original and best-known lineup consisted of Stanley, Simmons, Frehley, with their make-up and costumes, they took on the personae of comic book-style characters, The Starchild, The Demon, The Spaceman or Space Ace, and The Catman. Due to creative differences, both Criss and Frehley had departed the group by 1982, in 1983, Kiss began performing without makeup and costumes, thinking that it was time to leave the makeup behind. The band accordingly experienced a commercial resurgence, and their music videos received regular airplay on MTV. Drummer Eric Carr, who had replaced Criss in 1980, died in 1991 of a type of heart cancer and was replaced by Eric Singer. In response to a wave of Kiss nostalgia in the mid-1990s, the band announced a reunion of the lineup in 1996. The resulting Alive/Worldwide Tour was commercially successful, Criss and Frehley have both since left the band again and have been replaced by Singer and Tommy Thayer, respectively. Kiss has sold more than 100 million records worldwide, including 25 million RIAA-certified albums, on April 10,2014, Kiss was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Kiss traces their roots to Wicked Lester, a New York City-based rock band led by Gene Simmons and they recorded one album, which was shelved by Epic Records, and played a handful of live shows. Simmons and Stanley, feeling a new direction was needed, abandoned Wicked Lester in 1972. Simmons and Stanley met him in a nightclub where he was playing drums, after hearing Criss sing, they thought of him being in the band. Criss then auditioned for and later joined the new version of Wicked Lester, the trio focused on a much harder style of rock than Wicked Lester played. They also began experimenting with their image by wearing makeup and various outfits, in November 1972, the trio played a showcase for Epic Records A&R director Don Ellis, in an effort to secure a record deal. Although the performance went well, Ellis disliked the groups image, in early January 1973, the group added lead guitarist Ace Frehley. Frehley impressed the group with his first audition, although he showed up wearing two different colored sneakers, one red and one orange, a few weeks after Frehley joined, Wicked Lester changed their name to Kiss. Stanley came up with the name while he, Simmons and Criss were driving around New York City, Criss mentioned that he had been in a band called Lips, so Stanley said something to the effect of What about Kiss. Frehley created the logo, making the SS look like lightning bolts
12.
The Beatles
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The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960. With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, the Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over a three-year period from 1960, with Stuart Sutcliffe initially serving as bass player. The core of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join them. They acquired the nickname the Fab Four as Beatlemania grew in Britain the next year, from 1965 onwards, the Beatles produced increasingly innovative recordings, including the albums Rubber Soul, Revolver, Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band, The Beatles and Abbey Road, after their break-up in 1970, they each enjoyed successful musical careers of varying lengths. McCartney and Starr, the members, remain musically active. Lennon was shot and killed in December 1980, and Harrison died of cancer in November 2001. The Beatles are the band in history, with estimated sales of over 600 million records worldwide. They have had more number-one albums on the British charts and sold more singles in the UK than any other act, according to the RIAA, the Beatles are also the best-selling music artists in the United States, with 178 million certified units. In 2008, the group topped Billboard magazines list of the all-time most successful Hot 100 artists, as of 2016 and they have received ten Grammy Awards, an Academy Award for Best Original Song Score and fifteen Ivor Novello Awards. The group was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988 and they were also collectively included in Time magazines compilation of the twentieth centurys 100 most influential people. In March 1957, John Lennon, then aged sixteen, formed a group with several friends from Quarry Bank school. They briefly called themselves the Blackjacks, before changing their name to the Quarrymen after discovering that a local group was already using the other name. Fifteen-year-old Paul McCartney joined as a rhythm guitarist shortly after he, in February 1958, McCartney invited his friend George Harrison to watch the band. The fourteen-year-old auditioned for Lennon, impressing him with his playing, after a month of Harrisons persistence, they enlisted him as their lead guitarist. By January 1959, Lennons Quarry Bank friends had left the group, the three guitarists, billing themselves at least three times as Johnny and the Moondogs, were playing rock and roll whenever they could find a drummer. They used the name until May, when they became the Silver Beetles, before undertaking a tour of Scotland as the backing group for pop singer. By early July, they had changed their name to the Silver Beatles, allan Williams, the Beatles unofficial manager, arranged a residency for them in Hamburg, but lacking a full-time drummer they auditioned and hired Pete Best in mid-August 1960
13.
CHUM-FM
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CHUM-FM is a Canadian radio station licensed to Toronto, Ontario and operated by Bell Media. It broadcasts at 104.5 MHz with a hot adult contemporary format, cHUMs studios are located at 250 Richmond Street West in the Entertainment District, while its transmitter is located atop the CN Tower. The station also broadcasts nationwide on Shaw Direct channel 872, Bell TV channel 990, Bell Fibe TV channel 978, CHUM-FM started broadcasting on September 1,1963 with an ERP of 18,000 watts and a transmitter and studio at 1331 Yonge Street. It aired a music format, the first station in Canada to do so. On March 21,1966, their ERP was increased to 54,000 watts, in 1968, CHUM-FM received approval for a change in its transmitter location and increase in power to 100,000 watts. The transmitter was to be moved to the top of the Manufacturers Life Building at 250 Bloor Street East, the station also aired public affairs programming, such as In Toronto. The station featured many famous Canadian radio personalities such as Larry Green, Walter Michaels, Steve Harris, Pete and Geets, Larry Wilson, David Marsden, David Pritchard and actor Rick Moranis. On December 14,1973, the station was authorized, along with other Toronto radio and TV stations, the new transmitter was turned on on May 31,1976 with a reduced ERP of 40,000 watts. In 1978, CHUM-FM created a Top 30 Album Chart to complement sister station CHUM-AMs Singles Chart. In June 1984, the station started evolving towards adult contemporary, with the completed by that September. Current morning show host Roger Ashby would join the station from 1050 CHUM on September 2,1985, Rick Hodge and Marilyn Denis would join the show in June 1986, and the show became an instant success, making them some of the best known broadcasters in Toronto radio. The station evolved towards its current Hot Adult Contemporary format in 1990, on May 26,1998, CHUM-FM was granted a license to broadcast in Digital audio broadcasting using the Eureka-147 system. The transmitter was installed on the CN Tower and broadcast at 1456.304 MHz with an ERP of 5,084 watts, the reason for this was to balance younger and older audiences. Many hot adult contemporary stations in Canada have followed this pattern and resulted in audience growth nationwide, the closest local competition musically within the format came from CKFM-FM, which leaned mostly younger. CHUM-FM also carried American Top 40 with Ryan Seacrest from 2004 to 2006, cIDC-FM and CKFM have been the Toronto affiliates for the show since then. Former CHUM President Jim Waters was inducted into the Music Industry Hall of Fame that same evening, VP Programming Rob Farina moved to Astral Media as EVP of Content in 2009. David Corey, ex-APD at Kiss 108 in Boston, took over as director that same year. On June 23,2008, Rick Hodge resigned from both CHUM-FM and 1050 CHUM to pursue other opportunities, Hodge currently works at sister CHRE-FM in St. Catharines, Ontario, and Lamb is now at CHFI
14.
Sam the Record Man
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Sam the Record Man was a Canadian record store chain that, at one time, was Canadas largest music recording retailer. In 1982, its ads proclaimed that it had 140 locations and its iconic flagship store was located at 259 Yonge Street in 1959 and moved to 347 Yonge Street two years later, remaining there from 1961 until it closed in 2007. The Yonge Street store was the best known store in the Sam the Record Man chain of 140 locations across Canada, Sams became a popular attraction, drawing people into its selection of records, and later cassettes and compact disks. It flourished in the Downtown Toronto area, quickly gaining notoriety, what started as a single storefront had evolved into an entire block completely dedicated to the Sam the Record Man store. For several years, the store went into competition with the popular A&A Records flagship store, just up the street. The building was demolished over a period of two years, from 2009 until 2011 and it is part of the site on which the Ryerson University Student Learning Centre was built. The stores iconic neon sign is to be restored and installed in a new location overlooking nearby Yonge-Dundas Square, one independent franchise store, in Belleville, Ontario, continues to bear the Sam the Record Man name. The chain was launched in 1937 by Sam Sniderman and Sidney Sniderman, as a department in his familys existing store, Sniderman Radio Sales & Service. In the late 1950s a second store was opened on Yonge Street, on Labour Day 1961, the new store moved north to its location at 347 Yonge Street where it became a Toronto landmark. Eventually the original College Street location was closed, the flagship store of the competing A&A Records chain was located nearby at 351 Yonge Street. Steeles Tavern, n popular nighclub and live venue, was between the two stores at 349 Yonge Street until it closed in 1974. The Yonge Street location was noted for its kitschy signage. With Sam the Record Man growing rapidly, the added the first of two spinning records that would later become its trademark. The first record, added at 347 Yonge Street, was designed by the Markle Brothers in 1969-70, the second sign was added in 1987, just north of the original, at 349 Yonge Street. It was designed by Claude Neon Inc, in that same year, the letters spelling out SAM were added above the records, as was the lower signage that read Yes this is SAM the Record Man. The insert in the middle of the records reading Thats Entertainment was also added at this time and its first neon signage included the stores address in large neon 347 numbers vertically aligned between two windows. On the left side was a made from neon. On the far right was a neon multi-sectioned triangle similar to the one on top of the Canada Life Building, in the late 1960s, the iconic spinning record replaced the previous neon signs, with the second neon record being added in the mid 1980s
15.
PolyGram
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PolyGram was a Dutch entertainment company, a division of Seagram. It started as a record label recording company founded by Philips. The name was chosen to reflect the Siemens interest Polydor Records, the company traced its origins through Deutsche Grammophon back to the inventor of the flat disk gramophone, Emil Berliner. Later on, PolyGram expanded into the largest global entertainment company, creating film, in May 1998, it was sold to Seagram which owned MCA Inc. PolyGram Music Group was merged into Universal Music Group, and PolyGram Filmed Entertainment was merged into Universal Pictures. When the new company faced difficulties, its parent Seagram was sold in large part to Vivendi. Vivendi is the current owner of UMG, in February 2017, Polygram Entertainment was re-launched as the film & television division of Universal Music Group. In 1929, Decca Records licensed record shop owner H. W. Van Zoelen as a distributor in the Netherlands, by 1931, his company Hollandsche Decca Distributie had become exclusive Decca distributor for all of the Netherlands and its colonies. Over the course of the 1930s, HDD put together its own facilities for A&R, recording, HDD was commercially successful during World War II because of the absence of American and British competition. Van Zoelen wanted to sell to Philips so that HDD would have sufficient financial backing when their major competitors returned after the war and this led Philips to purchase HDD in 1942. Philips labs were developing magnetic tape and LPs, and they could support eventual new formats, after the war, Philips built a large factory in Doetinchem to produce 78 rpm records. During the late 1940s, Philips combined its various businesses into Philips Phonografische Industrie. PPIs early growth was based on alliances, a merger was first proposed with Decca of London in late 1945, but was rejected by Edward Lewis, Deccas owner. In the early 1950s, Philips set itself the goal of making PPI the largest record company in Europe, PPIs second attempt at a merger was with Deutsche Grammophon Gesellschaft. DGG, owned by Siemens AG, and well known for its repertoire, had been the German licensee for Decca from 1935. PPI and DGG finally merged in 1962, the alliance with DGG still left PPI without repertoire in Britain or the United States. But in 1951, after Columbia had failed to renew its international distribution agreement with EMI, Columbia became PPIs distributor within the US. This agreement ran until 1961 when Columbia set up its own European network, PPI signed a worldwide distribution deal with Mercury Records in 1961
16.
Big Shiny Tunes
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Big Shiny Tunes is a series of rock albums compiled and released by the Canadian music television station MuchMusic, and through MusiquePlus in Quebec, beginning in 1996. The best-selling album of the series was Big Shiny Tunes 2 and it has been cited as the best-selling album series in Canadian history, with 5 million albums sold in ten years. There are a combination of Canadian, British and American performers, one common feature among the selected artists is that they are attached to Universal Music, Warner Bros. EMI Music Canada, and/or MuchMusic, who come together to produce Big Shiny Tunes albums, the music is aimed at teenagers and young adults. There has been criticism of consistency in regards to the use of censored versus uncensored versions of songs from album to album. There have also two volumes of Big Shiny 90s released. The album Big Shiny Tunes was released in 1996, a new edition was released every year after until 2009, with Big Shiny Tunes 2 being particularly successful. Big Shiny Tunes 2 had been accompanied by heavy advertising, the next year, MuchMusic assembled Big Shiny Tunes 3 by having its audience vote on which songs they would like to have included, a novel process. The success of the series continued as Big Shiny Tunes 6 sold 68,500 copies in its first week in 2001, still, Big Shiny Tunes 7 sold 25,100 copies that week. Big Shiny Tunes 8, released in 2003, also made the best-seller list in Canada, the last album in the series, Big Shiny Tunes 14, was released on October 20,2009. No edition has released since then, indicating the discontinuation of the series. Note, Was certified 3x Platinum in Canada on April 24,1997, Note, Best-selling album of the series. Was certified Diamond in Canada on March 25,1998, Note, Was certified 8x Platinum in Canada on February 19,1999. Note, Was certified 8x Platinum in Canada on November 6,2000, Note, Was certified 6x Platinum in Canada on December 6,2001. Note, Sold 68,500 copies in its first week, however, it has not been certified by the CRIA. Note, Was certified 3x Platinum in Canada on September 17,2009, Note, Was certified 2x Platinum in Canada on January 22,2004. Note, Was certified Platinum in Canada on March 22,2005, notes, The albums official site also lists Stricken by Disturbed as being on the album as well, but it doesnt appear in the final product. The album was certified Platinum in Canada on February 1,2007, Note, Was certified Gold in Canada on July 30,2008
17.
Wavin' Flag
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Wavin Flag is a song by Somali-Canadian artist Knaan from his album Troubadour. The song was written for Somalia and aspirations of its people for freedom. The original single was a hit in Canada and reached #2 on the Canadian Hot 100 as the official single from the album, after the singles ABCs and Bang Bang. The song became a global hit when it was chosen as Coca-Colas promotional anthem for the 2010 FIFA World Cup. This amended international version with additional lyrics reached the top ten in more than twenty different charts around the world, the English version was released as Wavin Flag by Knaan to differentiate it from the original Canadian hit or from the Canadian Haiti charity hit. The Spanish cover featuring David Bisbal became very popular, a version of the song featuring will. i. am and David Guetta was targeted for international markets. Many other bilingual and country-specific versions were released, in 2012, Knaan published a childrens book, When I Get Older, The Story Behind Wavin Flag, about the song and its history. The original single of Wavin Flag appeared originally on his album Troubadour, the single reached #2 on the Canadian Hot 100 as the third official single from the album, which was produced by Kerry Brothers, Jr. and Bruno Mars. Knaan first performed the song live on Q TV, where he gave viewers a preview of Troubadour prior to its release
18.
Young Artists for Haiti
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More than 50 Canadian artists gathered at The Warehouse Studio in Vancouver, British Columbia to record a rendition of renowned hip hop artist Knaans Wavin Flag. Ezrin stated, With the wealth of young artists coming out of Canada, Knaans lyrics in Wavin Flag embody the pain, passion and determination of the Haitian people and lend the hope of a brighter future. The response from the artists has been sensational, and I am so proud that together we may help to make a difference, within a short week, the collaboration of Young Artists for Haiti was formed. The song was recorded at The Warehouse Studio in Vancouver, which is owned by Bryan Adams, the song was released March 12,2010 with all proceeds going to designated charities, World Vision, Free The Children and War Child. Wavin Flag debuted at one on the Canadian Hot 100 on the issue dated March 27,2010. It is the song in the charts history to debut at number one, after Eminems Crack a Bottle and Taylor Swifts Today Was a Fairytale did so in February 2009 and February 2010. This is the full list of featured on the track. Soloists Chorus Tears Are Not Enough, an event in 1985 organized by Northern Lights We Are the World
19.
Justin Bieber
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Justin Drew Bieber is a Canadian singer and songwriter. After a talent manager discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 and signed to RBMG, Bieber released his debut EP, My World and it was certified Platinum in the U. S. He became the first artist to have seven songs from a record chart on the Billboard Hot 100. Bieber released his first full-length studio album, My World 2.0 and it debuted at or near number one in several countries, was certified triple Platinum in the U. S. and contained his most successful single at the time, Baby. He released his studio album, Under the Mistletoe, in November 2011. Bieber released his studio album, Believe, in 2012. His fourth studio album Purpose was released in November 2015 to commercial success and his U. S. album and singles sales total 44.7 million. He has sold an estimated 100 million records, making him one of the world’s best-selling music artists, Bieber has won numerous awards, including the American Music Award for Artist of the Year in 2010 and 2012. In his career, he has won one Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording for the song Where Are Ü Now at the 2016 ceremony. He has been listed four times by Forbes magazine among the top ten most powerful celebrities in the world in 2011,2012, Bieber also became the first artist to surpass 10 billion total video views on Vevo. Bieber was born on March 1,1994, in London, Ontario, at St Josephs Hospital and he is the only child of Jeremy Jack Bieber and Patricia Pattie Mallette. Pattie raised her son with the help of her mother, Diane and his mother is of French-Canadian descent, his paternal great-grandfather was of German ancestry, and his other roots are English, Scottish and Irish. He has also claimed that he has some undetermined Aboriginal Canadian ancestry, through Jeremy, Bieber has two younger half-siblings, Jazmyn and Jaxon. Pattie worked a series of low-paying office jobs, raising Bieber as a mother in low-income housing. Bieber has maintained contact with his father, Bieber attended a French-language immersion elementary school in Stratford, the Jeanne Sauvé Catholic School. Growing up, he learned to play the piano, drums, guitar and he graduated from high school in Stratford, Ontario, the St. Michael Catholic Secondary School in 2012 with a 4.0 GPA. In early 2007, aged 12, Bieber sang Ne-Yos So Sick for a singing competition in Stratford and was placed second. Mallette posted a video of the performance on YouTube for their family and she continued to upload videos of Bieber singing covers of various R&B songs, and Biebers popularity on the site grew
20.
Drake (musician)
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Aubrey Drake Graham is a Canadian rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer, and actor. Drake initially gained recognition as an actor on the teen television series Degrassi. Intent on pursuing a career as a rapper, he departed the series in 2007 following the release of his debut mixtape and he released two further independent projects, Comeback Season and So Far Gone, before signing to Lil Waynes Young Money Entertainment in June 2009. Drake released his studio album Thank Me Later in 2010. They were followed by two mixtapes, with the trap-influenced If Youre Reading This Its Too Late, and a collaboration with Future for What a Time to Be Alive, in 2015. The former was certified platinum in the U. S. Drake released his fourth album, Views, in 2016. The dancehall-influenced Views sat atop the Billboard 200 for ten nonconsecutive weeks and its single One Dance topped the chart in several countries, including the U. S. the UK and Canada, where it became his first number-one single as the lead artist. This saw Drake leading the Billboard Hot 100 and the Billboard 200 simultaneously for eight weeks and it achieved quadruple platinum status in the U. S. and earned over 1 million album-equivalent units in the first week of its release. The single Hotline Bling secured him his second and third Grammy win, for Best Rap/Sung Performance and Best Rap Song, Drake released the critically acclaimed multi-genre More Life in 2017. More Life, described by Drake as a playlist, was his seventh number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart. Drake owns several Billboard chart records and he has the most charted songs among solo artists in the history of the Billboard Hot 100, the most simultaneously charted Hot 100 songs in a single week and the most Hot 100 debuts in a week. Drake also has the most number one singles on the Hot Rap Songs, Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay, alongside his Grammy Award wins, Drake has won three Juno Awards and six BET Awards. Drake has developed other ventures, including his OVO Sound record label with longtime collaborator Noah 40 Shebib, Drake acts as a producer, producing under the pseudonym of Champagne Papi. Using the OVO moniker, Drake has his own clothing line and he is also currently acting as the global ambassador for NBA franchise, the Toronto Raptors. Aubrey Drake Graham was born on October 24,1986, in Toronto and his father, Dennis Graham, is an African American and a practicing Catholic from Memphis, Tennessee, and worked as a drummer, performing alongside country musician Jerry Lee Lewis. Bass guitarist Larry Graham and the late songwriter Teenie Hodges are his paternal uncles, Drakes mother, Sandi Graham, is a white Jewish Canadian who worked as an English teacher and florist. Drake attended a Jewish day school, and had a Bar Mitzvah ceremony, Drakes parents divorced when he was five years old. After the divorce, he and his mother remained in Toronto, as a child, he witnessed his fathers arrest while visiting him in Memphis
21.
Hedley (band)
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Hedley is a Canadian pop-rock group originating in Abbotsford, British Columbia that formed in 2003. They were named after the community of Hedley, British Columbia. Hedley originally consisted of Jacob Hoggard, Kevin Giesbrecht, Kevin Heeres, Ryan Federau, the band wrote many songs such as Gunnin and Brave New World. The original band bet Jacob Hoggard $150 that he wouldnt make it past auditions for Canadian Idol, Hoggard proved them wrong making it to the top three before being eliminated from the competition. However, shortly after the members decided to go their separate ways and their debut single On My Own reached number 1 on the Canadian Singles Chart and the follow-up Trip peaked at number 11. The singles On My Own,321, Trip, and Gunnin topped the MuchMusic Countdown and their last single, Street Fight, off of their self-titled debut album was successful on both the MuchMusic Countdown and the Canadian Singles Chart. Their first single from their album Famous Last Words, Shes So Sorry, in 2005 the band went on their first tour across Canada, with The Weekend and Faber. Then went on a 19-day in gecity Canadian tour with Simple Plan and in early 2006, headlining The Get Some Tour cross Canada club tour with MXPX, in the summer of 2006, they signed a record deal for the United States with Capitol Records. At the time a division of EMI, Universal Music Group competitor, upon signing Hedleys self-titled album was released with a new cover in the US on September 26,2006, a year after its initial release in Canada. During June 2006, the band went on tour in the US, opening for fellow Capitol Records artist, Yellowcard, subsequently Hedley was dropped by Capitol Records in 2007. Hedley released their album, Famous Last Words, on October 30,2007. It went platinum ten days after release, the first single from the CD, Shes So Sorry, was released to radio on August 21,2007. The video was shot in Toronto, Ontario, and premiered on MuchMusic on September 20,2007, Famous Last Words was released on May 12,2009 in the US with a blue cover and new name Never Too Late. 5 songs replaced with 5 from the bands first album, dropped by Capitol Records in 2007, Never Too Late was released by Fontana Distribution, at the time owned by Hedleys Canadian record labels parent company Universal Music. On November 17,2009, Hedley released their studio album The Show Must Go. The first single Cha-Ching peaked at number 6 in the Canadian Hot 100, the second single, Dont Talk To Strangers peaked at number 11 on the Canadian Hot 100, and at number 1 on the Much Music Countdown. The third single Perfect peaked at seven in the Canadian Hot 100. The fourth single off the album was Hands Up, the band went on The Show Must Go. on the Road Tour across 38 cities in Canada in support of the new album The Show Must Go
22.
Nickelback
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Nickelback is a Canadian rock band formed in 1995 in Hanna, Alberta, Canada. The band is composed of guitarist and lead vocalist Chad Kroeger, guitarist, keyboardist and backing vocalist Ryan Peake, bassist Mike Kroeger, and drummer Daniel Adair. The band went through a few drummer changes between 1995 and 2005, achieving its current form when Adair replaced drummer Ryan Vikedal. S. of the 2000s, behind The Beatles. Billboard ranks them the most successful group of the decade, their song How You Remind Me was listed as the best-selling rock song of the decade. They were listed number seven on the Billboard top artist of the decade, the band signed with Roadrunner Records in 1999 and re-released their once-independent album The State. The band achieved success with the release of their 2000 album The State. Following the release of Silver Side Up the band released their biggest and most known hit today, How You Remind Me which peaked number 1 on the American and Canadian charts at the same time. The bands album Dark Horse was a success which produced eight singles, one of which peaked on the top 10 on the Billboard Hot 100, in 2011, the band released their seventh album Here and Now which again topped the charts. Their eighth studio album No Fixed Address was released on 17 November 2014, the band is based in Vancouver, Canada. The bands original domestic signing was with EMI Canada and they subsequently obtained an American deal with global distribution via Roadrunner Records. For the release of their album, the band parted from EMI Canada. The band was formed in the early 1990s as a band called the Village Idiots by Chad Kroeger, Ryan Peake, Mike Kroeger. The band performed covers of songs from Led Zeppelin and Metallica, Chad Kroeger then asked his step-father to give him $4,000 so that the band could record their first demo, a seven-track EP of original material, called Hesher. In 1996, the recorded and released their first full-length album. Fly was included on both Hesher and Curb and was the first single produced by Nickelback, in 1997, Brandon Kroeger left the band and the band searched for a new drummer. Later that year Mitch Guindon joined the band, but he decided to leave in 1998 because he started working in a car company, in Summer 1998, Ryan Vikedal joined the band. Roadrunner A&R Ron Burman told HitQuarters that one of his West Coast scouts sent him the album and, suitably impressed. Although an unknown property in the industry at the time, the venue was packed out, in Burmans words, I immediately got the chills
23.
The Tenors
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The Tenors are a vocal group consisting of Victor Micallef, Fraser Walters and Clifton Murray. They perform operatic pop music that is a mixture of classical and pop, featuring songs such as The Prayer and Panis Angelicus from the former genre, and Leonard Cohens Hallelujah from the latter. Originating from Canada, Micallef from Toronto, Walters from Vancouver and Murray from Port McNeill, the venues they have performed in include the Tel Aviv Opera House, and the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Las Vegas. They also appeared on the 2009 and 2016 Grey Cup broadcasts and they have shared the stage with Sarah McLachlan, Neil Young, Paul Anka, Justin Bieber, Paul McCartney, Brian McKnight, David Foster, and Natalie Cole. Universal Music Group released their platinum-selling self-titled debut album and double-platinum holiday album, the Tenors filmed a PBS special at the Smith Center for the Performing Arts that began airing in 2012. The Canadian Tenors were renamed The Tenors in November 2012 in advance of their third album, also in 2012, The Tenors signed a US distribution deal with Verve Records. Lead With Your Heart went platinum in Canada in seven weeks, the album garnered a 2013 JUNO Award for Adult Contemporary Album of the Year and a JUNO nomination for the Jack Richardson Producer of the Year Award for Bob Ezrins production of Forever Young. Lead With Your Heart was featured on Katie, Good Morning America, Access Hollywood, ET Canada, CNN Morning Live, e-Talk, the group was the creation of Jill Ann Siemens, originally as a trio and debuted in 2004 in Victoria. Siemens then did a search to find four new voices. They released their self-titled debut The Canadian Tenors in 2008, Walters, Micallef and Pereira sang a repertoire of popular and classical music together for seven years. In January 2009 Clifton Murray replaced Jamie McKnight and the official The Canadian Tenors were formed, the band released their first holiday album The Perfect Gift on November 3,2009, and was later certified platinum by Music Canada. In September of that year, the group toured with David Foster as the opening act and they performed O Canada at the 2009 Grey Cup game. On February 10,2010, the Tenors appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show, the album was released in the US October 30,2010, and has since peaked at #7 on the Top Holiday Albums Chart. On December 13,2010, The group performed during a special called Canadian Tenors and Friends. The performance included the Tenors, Justin Bieber, and Jackie Evancho, the Canadian Tenors appeared at the 2011 Emmy Awards, performing a version of Leonard Cohens song Hallelujah. Another special called Season of Song featuring the Tenors aired December 14,2011, the band announced on July 25,2012, that they were signed by David Foster to Verve Records. The groups third album Lead With Your Heart was released in Canada on October 9,2012 through Universal Music Canada, Lead With Your Heart is a 12- track classical crossover album. It includes covers of Forever Young, Amazing Grace and Nessun Dorma, the album also includes new compositions written by The Tenors
24.
The Weeknd
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Abel Makkonen Tesfaye, known professionally as The Weeknd, is a Canadian singer, songwriter and record producer. In late 2010, Tesfaye anonymously uploaded several songs to YouTube under the name The Weeknd and he released three nine-track mixtapes throughout 2011, House of Balloons, Thursday and Echoes of Silence, which were critically acclaimed. In 2012, he released a compilation album Trilogy, thirty tracks consisting of the remastered mixtapes and it was released under Republic Records and his own label XO. In 2013, he released his studio album Kiss Land. The songs have held the top three spots on the Billboard Hot R&B Songs chart, making him the first artist in history to achieve this. The Weeknd has won two Grammy Awards and nine Juno Awards, in September 2016, the release of the third album Starboy was announced along with the release of the title track single Starboy, which subsequently reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100. Abel Makkonen Tesfaye was born on 16 February 1990, in Scarborough, Ontario and he is the only child of Makkonen and Samra Tesfaye, who were Ethiopian migrants to Canada in the 1980s. He was raised in Scarborough, a neighborhood within the city. During his youth, his mother would work several jobs to support the family, often as a nurse and caterer, while also attending night school. His father later abandoned the family, prompting his grandmother to take care for him and his paternal cousin Issam Nazar. This allowed him to become fluent in Amharic, with the Semitic language acting as his first language and she would also take him to services at an Ethiopian Orthodox church. He started smoking marijuana at age 11, and later moved on to hard drugs, describing his teenage years as KIDS without the AIDS, he would shoplift from the local supermarket with his cousin Issam, and began using MDMA, Xanax, cocaine, psilocybin and ketamine. He attended West Hill Collegiate Institute and Birchmount Park Collegiate Institute, the spelling was modified to avoid trademark issues with the Canadian band The Weekend. Tesfaye met producer Jeremy Rose, who had an idea for a dark R&B musical project called The Weeknd. After trying to pitch the idea to musician Curtis Santiago, Rose played one of his instrumentals for Tesfaye, who freestyled over it, and they began working on an album. He produced three songs – What You Need, Loft Music, and The Morning – and others that Tesfaye rapped on, Rose let Tesfaye keep the tracks he had produced under the condition that he would ultimately be credited for them. However, in December 2010, Tesfaye uploaded What You Need, Loft Music and The Morning to YouTube under the name The Weeknd, though his identity was initially unknown. The songs drew attention online through word of mouth, including a blog featuring the songs posted by rapper Drake and they subsequently received coverage from outlets such as Pitchfork Media and The New York Times
25.
Shawn Mendes
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Shawn Peter Raul Mendes is a Canadian singer and songwriter. He attracted a following in 2013, when he began posting covers on the video sharing application Vine. The following year, he caught the attention of artist managers Andrew Gertler and Island Records A&R Ziggy Chareton, which led to him signing a deal with the record label. Mendes went on to release an EP and his studio album Handwritten, whose single Stitches reached the top 10 in the US and Canada. His sophomore album, Illuminate, was preceded by the single Treat You Better, both albums debuted atop the US Billboard 200. Mendes was born in Toronto, Ontario, the son of Karen, an estate agent, and Manuel Mendes. His father is Portuguese, while his mother is English and he has a younger sister named Aaliyah. Mendes was raised in Pickering, Ontario, where he attended Pine Ridge Secondary School, Mendes learned to play guitar by watching YouTube tutorial videos at the age of 13 in 2012. By August 2014, he was the third most-followed musician on Vine, artist manager Andrew Gertler discovered Mendes online in November 2013, bringing him to Island Records in January 2014. He officially signed in May 2014 and released his first single Life of the Party on June 26,2014 and he became the youngest to debut in the top 25 on the US Billboard Hot 100, making it to number 24 for the week ending July 12,2014. Prior to his signing, Mendes toured as a member of the Magcon Tour alongside other young Viners with a following on social media. Mendes was also on a tour with Austin Mahone as an opening act. The EP debuted and peaked at five on Billboard 200. He won a Teen Choice award in 2014 for Webstar in Music, on September 5,2014, Oh Cecilia featuring Mendes was released as the fifth single from The Vamps debut album, Meet the Vamps. On November 6,2014, Something Big was released as the second single, however, it suffered a 89% traditional sales decrease in its second week. The third single from the album, Stitches, peaked at four on the US Billboard Hot 100, becoming his first top 10 single in the US. The song later reached number one in the UK, Mendes recorded a song called Believe for Disney Channel Original Movie Descendants. Also in 2015, Mendes opened for Taylor Swift during 1989 World Tour dates for North America, in late 2015 Mendes and Camila Cabello, who was at the time a member of the group Fifth Harmony, released their collaborative single I Know What You Did Last Summer
26.
The Tragically Hip
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They have released 14 studio albums, two live albums,1 EP, and 54 singles. Nine of their albums have reached No.1 in Canada and they have received numerous Canadian Music awards, including 14 Juno Awards. Following Downies diagnosis with terminal cancer in 2016, the band undertook a tour of Canada in support of their thirteenth album Man Machine Poem. The Tragically Hip formed in 1983 in Kingston, Ontario, Gord Sinclair and Rob Baker were students at Kingston Collegiate and had performed together at the KCVI Variety Show as The Rodents. Baker and Sinclair joined with Downie and Fay in 1984 and began playing gigs around Kingston with some memorable stints at a Queens University pub called Alfies, guitarist Paul Langlois joined in 1986, saxophonist Davis Manning left that same year. They took their name from a skit in the Michael Nesmith movie Elephant Parts, by the mid-1980s they performed in small music venues across Ontario until being seen by then-MCA President Bruce Dickinson at the Horseshoe Tavern in Toronto. They were then signed to a record deal with MCA. The album produced two singles, Small Town Bring-Down and Highway Girl and they followed up with 1989s Up to Here. This album produced four singles, Blow at High Dough, New Orleans Is Sinking, Boots or Hearts, all four of these songs found extensive rotation on modern rock radio play lists in Canada. Road Apples followed in 1991, producing three singles and reaching No.1 on Canadian record charts, during the Road Apples tour, Downie became recognized for ranting and telling fictional stories during songs such as Highway Girl and New Orleans is Sinking. The sound on these first two albums is sometimes characterized as blues-tinged, although there are definite acoustic punctuations throughout both discs. The Hip released another album, Fully Completely in 1992, which produced the singles Locked in the Trunk of a Car, Courage and At the Hundredth Meridian, the sound on this album displayed less of a blues influence than previous albums. The Hip created and headlined the first Another Roadside Attraction tour at this time, many songs from Day For Night were first performed prior to their release during the 1993 Another Roadside Attraction Tour. Day for Night was then released in 1994, producing six singles, including Nautical Disaster and Grace, Too. Trouble at the Henhouse followed in 1996, producing five singles, including Ahead by a Century and Butts Wigglin, which would also appear on the soundtrack to the Kids in the Hall movie Brain Candy. Live Between Us, was recorded on the subsequent tour at Cobo Arena in Detroit, Michigan The band developed a sound and ethos. Downies vocal style changed while the band experimented with song structures, songs explored the themes of Canadian geography and history, water and land, all motifs that became heavily associated with the Hip. While Fully Completely began an exploration of themes, many critics consider Day for Night to be the Hips artistry most fully realized
27.
Shania Twain
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Shania Twain, OC is a Canadian singer and songwriter. Twain has sold over 85 million records, making her the female artist in the history of country music. Her success garnered her several titles including the Queen of Country Pop. Twains second album, 1995s The Woman in Me, brought her widespread success selling 20 million copies worldwide, spawning hits such as Any Man of Mine and earning her a Grammy Award. Twains third album, Come On Over, became the studio album of all time by a female act in any genre. Come On Over produced several singles, including Youre Still the One, From This Moment On, I Feel Like a Woman. and earned Twain four Grammy Awards. Twain has received five Grammy Awards,27 BMI Songwriter awards, stars on Canadas Walk of Fame and the Hollywood Walk of Fame, and she is the only female artist in history to have three consecutive albums certified Diamond by the RIAA. Altogether, Twain is ranked as the 10th best-selling artist of the Nielsen SoundScan era, in 2004, Twain retired from performing and retreated to her home in Switzerland. In her 2011 autobiography, she cited a weakening singing voice as the reason for not performing publicly, when both her singing and speaking were affected, Twain consulted the Vanderbilt Dayani Center in Nashville. Specialists discovered lesions on her vocal cords and diagnosed her with dysphonia, in 2012, Twain returned to the concert stage in her critically acclaimed show Still the One, exclusively at The Colosseum at Caesars Palace. In 2015, Twain returned to the road for what she has billed as her farewell tour, Twain was born Eilleen Regina Edwards in Windsor, Ontario on August 28,1965, to Sharon and Clarence Edwards. Her parents divorced when she was two and her mother moved to Timmins, Ontario with Eilleen and her sisters Jill. Sharon married Jerry Twain, an Ojibwa from the nearby Mattagami First Nation, Jerry adopted the girls, legally changing their last name to Twain. When Mark was still a toddler, the Twains adopted Jerrys baby nephew, Darryl and she also has Irish, French, and English ancestry. Through a maternal great-grandmother, she is a descendant of Zacharie Cloutier and her maternal grandmother, Eileen Pearce, emigrated from Newbridge, County Kildare, Ireland. Twain had a childhood in Timmins. Her parents earned little money and food was scarce in their household. Twain did not confide her situation to school authorities, fearing they might break up the family, in the remote, rugged community, she learned to hunt and to chop wood
28.
Diana Krall
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Diana Jean Krall, OC, OBC is a Canadian jazz pianist and singer, known for her contralto vocals. She has sold more than 6 million albums in the US, on December 11,2009, Billboard magazine named her the second Jazz artist of the 2000–09 decade, establishing her as one of the best-selling artists of her time. Krall is the jazz singer to have eight albums debuting at the top of the Billboard Jazz Albums. To date, she has won five Grammy Awards and eight Juno Awards and she has also earned nine gold, three platinum, and seven multi-platinum albums. Krall was born on November 16,1964, in Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada, the daughter of Adella A. an elementary teacher, and Stephen James Jim Krall. Her father played piano at home and her mother sang in a community choir and she was playing piano herself at the age of four and playing jazz in a local restaurant at 15. She went to the Berklee College of Music in Boston on a scholarship before going to Los Angeles to play jazz and she returned to Canada to release her first album in 1993. Kralls mother died of myeloma in 2002, within months of the pianists mentors Ray Brown. Dianas only sibling, Michelle, is a member of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Krall and British musician Elvis Costello were married on December 6,2003 and their twin sons, Dexter Henry Lorcan and Frank Harlan James, were born December 6,2006, in New York City. In 1993, Krall released her first album, Stepping Out and it caught the attention of producer Tommy LiPuma, who produced her second album, Only Trust Your Heart. Her third album, All for You, A Dedication to the Nat King Cole Trio, was nominated for a Grammy, Love Scenes quickly became a hit record with the trio of Krall, Russell Malone and Christian McBride. In August 2000, Krall was paired on a 20-city tour with Tony Bennett and they were paired again for a song on the TV series Spectacle, Elvis Costello with. Orchestral arrangements by Johnny Mandel provided the background on When I Look In Your Eyes, the band mix was kept, following arrangements on The Look of Love created by Claus Ogerman, this record achieved platinum status and reached the top 10 of the Billboard 200. The title track from the album, a cover of the Casino Royale standard popularized in the late 1960s by Dusty Springfield and Sérgio Mendes, in September 2001, Krall began a world tour. Her concert at the Paris Olympia was recorded and released as her first live record, the album included covers of Billy Joels Just The Way You Are and Joni Mitchells A Case Of You. The 2001 movie The Score starring Robert De Niro and Marlon Brando, features a recording of Krall entitled and this song accompanies the films ending Credits and was composed by a fellow Canadian, David Foster. After marrying Costello, she worked with him as a lyricist and started to compose her own songs, the album, released in April 2004, quickly rose to the top five in the United Kingdom and made the Australian top 40 album charts
29.
Bryan Adams
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Bryan Guy Adams, OC OBC is a Canadian singer, songwriter, record producer, guitarist, photographer, philanthropist and activist. Adams also had the U. S. Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles Heaven, Adams has sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time. In 2008, Adams was ranked 38th on the list of All-Time top artists in the Billboard Hot 100 50th Anniversary Charts. Bryan Guy Adams was born in Kingston, Ontario, Canada, to British parents, Elizabeth Jane and Captain Conrad J. Adams, Adams travelled with his parents to diplomatic postings in Portugal and Vienna, Austria, during the 1960s, and to Israel during the early 1970s. Adams has a brother, Bruce. Before that at age 15–16 he fronted various pub bands like Sweeney Todd that released If Wishes Were Horses and was seen sitting in with other cover bands. He and his guitarist Keith Scott met during those club years, in 1978, at 18, Adams met Jim Vallance through a mutual friend in a Vancouver music store. Vallance was the drummer and principal songwriter for Vancouver-based rock band Prism and had recently quit that band to focus on a career as a studio musician. They agreed to meet at Vallances home studio a few days later, later in 1978, Adams signed to A&M records for one dollar. Some of the first demos written in 1978 have surfaced over the years, most notably Im Ready and Remember, both songs were covered by other artists even before his first album was released. Also recorded during time was the disco song Let Me Take You Dancing featuring Adamss vocal sped up to meet the 122BPM dance tempo. The song made the Canadian RPM chart in March 1979 along with its B-Side Dont Turn Me Away, straight From The Heart was also written during this period. The song was recorded for Adamss third album Cuts Like A Knife in 1983 and released as a single. Adamss self-titled debut album was released in February 1980, and marked the beginning of what was to become a long songwriting partnership between Adams and co-writer Jim Vallance. With the exception of Remember and Wastin Time, most of the album was recorded from 29 October up until 29 November 1979 at Manta Studios and co-produced by Adams, the album was certified gold in Canada in 1986. Adamss second album, You Want It You Got It, was recorded in two weeks and it marked Adamss first album co-produced by Bob Clearmountain. It was released in 1981 and contained the FM radio hit Lonely Nights, Adams also co-wrote songs for other artists during this time including Billboard charted songs like No Way to Treat a Lady for Bonnie Raitt and Dont Let Him Know for Prism. Cuts Like a Knife, which was released in January 1983, was Adamss breakout album due mainly to the lead singles, straight from the Heart was the most successful song, reaching number 10 on the Billboard Hot 100
30.
Intellectual property
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Intellectual property refers to creations of the intellect for which a monopoly is assigned to designated owners by law. Intellectual property rights are the protections granted to the creators of IP, and include trademarks, copyright, patents, industrial design rights, and in some jurisdictions trade secrets. Artistic works including music and literature, as well as discoveries, inventions, words, phrases, symbols, the Statute of Monopolies and the British Statute of Anne are seen as the origins of patent law and copyright respectively, firmly establishing the concept of intellectual property. The first known use of the intellectual property dates to 1769. The first clear example of modern usage goes back as early as 1808, the German equivalent was used with the founding of the North German Confederation whose constitution granted legislative power over the protection of intellectual property to the confederation. According to Lemley, it was only at point that the term really began to be used in the United States. The history of patents does not begin with inventions, but rather with royal grants by Queen Elizabeth I for monopoly privileges, the evolution of patents from royal prerogative to common-law doctrine. The term can be used in an October 1845 Massachusetts Circuit Court ruling in the patent case Davoll et al. v. Brown. The statement that discoveries are. property goes back earlier, in Europe, French author A. Nion mentioned propriété intellectuelle in his Droits civils des auteurs, artistes et inventeurs, published in 1846. Until recently, the purpose of property law was to give as little protection as possible in order to encourage innovation. Historically, therefore, they were granted only when they were necessary to encourage invention, limited in time, the concepts origins can potentially be traced back further. In 500 BCE, the government of the Greek state of Sybaris offered one years patent to all who should discover any new refinement in luxury. Intellectual property rights include patents, copyright, industrial design rights, trademarks, plant variety rights, trade dress, geographical indications, a copyright gives the creator of an original work exclusive rights to it, usually for a limited time. Copyright may apply to a range of creative, intellectual, or artistic forms. Copyright does not cover ideas and information themselves, only the form or manner in which they are expressed, an industrial design right protects the visual design of objects that are not purely utilitarian. An industrial design consists of the creation of a shape, configuration or composition of pattern or color, or combination of pattern, an industrial design can be a two- or three-dimensional pattern used to produce a product, industrial commodity or handicraft. Plant breeders rights or plant variety rights are the rights to use a new variety of a plant. The variety must amongst others be novel and distinct and for registration the evaluation of propagating material of the variety is examined, a trademark is a recognizable sign, design or expression which distinguishes products or services of a particular trader from the similar products or services of other traders
31.
IHeartMedia
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IHeartMedia, Inc. is an American mass media corporation headquartered in San Antonio, Texas. As a result of this buyout, Clear Channel Communications, Inc. began to operate as an owned subsidiary of CC Media Holdings. Additionally, the company leases two channels on Sirius XM Satellite Radio, and has expanded its presence through the iHeartRadio platform. IHeartMedia, Inc. also specializes in advertising through subsidiary Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings. The name Clear Channel came from AM broadcasting, referring to a channel on which only one station transmits, in the U. S. clear-channel stations have exclusive rights to their frequencies throughout most of the continent at night, when AM signals travel far due to skywave. The companys new name is intended to reflect its growing digital business, Bob Pittman, Chairman and CEO of iHeartMedia, Inc. explained, We have a company thats doing progressive stuff, and yet were named after AM radio stations. Since 2008, iHeartMedia, Inc. has struggled to pay more than $20 billion in debt the company acquired from its leveraged buyout. The suspicions proved unfounded when quarterly earnings were announced in 2017, Clear Channel Communications purchased its first FM station in San Antonio in 1972. The company purchased the second clear channel AM station WOAI in 1975, in 1976, the company purchased its first stations outside of San Antonio. KXXO AM and KMOD FM in Tulsa were acquired under the name San Antonio Broadcasting, Stations were also added in Port Arthur, Texas and El Paso, Texas. In 1992, the U. S. Congress relaxed radio ownership rules slightly, by 1995, Clear Channel owned 43 radio stations and 16 television stations. When the Telecommunications Act of 1996 became law, the act deregulated media ownership, Clear Channel went on a subsequent buying spree, purchasing more than 70 other media companies and individual stations. In a few cases, following purchase of a competitor, Clear Channel was forced to divest some of its stations, in 1997 Clear Channel moved out of pure broadcasting when it purchased billboard firm Eller Media, which was led by Karl Eller. These included a 51% stake in Clear Media Ltd. in China, in 1999, the company acquired Jacor Communications, a radio corporation based in Cincinnati. R. Steven Hicks and Hicks, Muse, Tate & Furst began Capstar Broadcasting in 1996 and a year later had become the largest owner of radio stations in the country, with 243 stations in all. Hicks, Muse, Tate & Furst owned 59 percent of Capstar, with 355 stations in 83 markets, Chancellor Media later became AMFM Inc. which was acquired by Clear Channel in a deal announced October 3,1999, and valued at $17.4 billion. The resulting company would own 830 radio stations,19 television stations, in 2005 Clear Channel Communications split into three separate companies. Clear Channel Communications was a broadcaster, Clear Channel Outdoor was out-of-home advertising
32.
IHeartRadio
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IHeartRadio is an Internet radio platform owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. Founded in April 2008 as the website iheartmusic, iHeartRadio is available online, via mobile devices, and on select video-game consoles. IHeartRadio was ranked No.4 on AdAges Entertainment A-List in 2010, since 2011, they hold the iHeartRadio Music Festival. In 2014, iHeartRadio started a show titled iHeartRadio Music Awards and regularly produces concerts in Los Angeles. Prior to 2008, Clear Channel Communications various audio products were decentralized, individual stations streamed from their own sites, and the Format Lab website provided feeds of between 40 and 80 networks that were used primarily on Clear Channels HD Radio subchannels. In 2009, iHeartRadio was made available to BlackBerry devices and the Android operating system, soon iHeartRadio offered video, artist interviews, live performance vignettes, etc. The iHeartRadio app was then expanded to other platforms, in 2010, iHeartRadio expanded to Sonos. In 2011, iHeartRadio expanded to the Xbox 360 and webOS, on April 20,2012, iHeartRadio launched on the iPad. On June 8,2012, iHeartRadio concluded a deal to power Yahoo, musics Radio service, previously powered by CBS Radio. Their looping programming is similar to that of NOAA Weather Radios, on March 1,2013, iHeartRadio was added to the Roku digital media receiver. On July 2013, iHeartRadio began adding stations from outside the United States like CHUM-FM and CFBT-FM in Canada, on July 14,2013, iHeartRadio launched in New Zealand and Australia. On July 24,2013, iHeartRadio launched a new talk radio feature and it features original programming from celebrities like Ryan Seacrest and allows users to upload their own content through Spreaker. On May 1,2014, iHeartRadio hosted the 1st iHeartRadio Music Awards at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, in September 2014, owing to the prominence of the service, Clear Channel changed its name to iHeartMedia. On October 12,2015, iHeartRadio introduced My Favorites Radio, a radio station based on a users favorite artists, liked songs. On November 10,2015, iHeartRadio launched an app designed for families with kids ages 4–11 named iHeartRadio Family. The Canadian service became available in early October 2016 with FM/AM Stations provided by Bell Media, No Custom Stations nor Podcasts or is Plus or All Access currently available on The Canadian service yet. During The 2016 iHeartRadio Music Festival, iHeartMedia announced subscription based services iHeartRadio Plus, All Access is powered by Napster. IHeartRadio Australia and New Zealand has announced that it will be available in those countries, iHeartRadio Canada is in the early stages of looking at the plus platform
33.
The Comedy Network
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The Comedy Network is a Canadian English language Category A specialty channel that is owned by Bell Media. The channel specializes in programming, including original and acquired series, films. The Comedy Network operates two time-shifted feeds, running on Eastern and Pacific Time Zone schedules, in September 1996,1155636 Ontario Inc. was granted a television broadcasting licence by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission for The Comedy Network. The channel launched on October 17,1997 with the slogan Time Well Wasted, until then, and since its incarnation in 1997, The Comedy Network maintained a consistent look, The yellow oval logo. On November 1,2011, The Comedy Network was relaunched with a new look, consisting a new simplified logo and their longtime slogan was also retired on this date. S. -originated programming. The following month, a number of Comedy Network programs, including Conan, South Park, the Comedy Network airs a variety of comedy-related programming including sitcoms, sketch comedy series, reality television series, talk shows, stand-up, movies and animation. The Comedy Network, since its beginning, has held a relationship with its American counterpart, Comedy Central, for several years, Canadian attempting to visit Comedy Central websites were redirected to the Comedy Networks website. Conversely, American IP addresses trying to link to the Comedy Network page were redirected to Comedy Centrals page, however, as noted before, many of Comedy Centrals original shows have since moved to MuchMusic. Some original Comedy Network shows like Puppets Who Kill, Odd Job Jack, several original programs including Puppets Who Kill, Comedy Now. On August 2,2010, TV Land Canada was rebranded as Comedy Gold, Comedy Gold focuses primarily on sitcoms from the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. On July 12,2012, The Comedy Network launched a high definition simulcast feed called The Comedy Network HD and it is available on Bell TV, Bell Fibe TV, Sasktel, Shaw Cable and Telus Optik TV. As part of Bell Medias suite of GO apps for all its main channels, as part of the launch, the video section on the Comedy Network website was renamed after the app
34.
CTV Television Network
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CTV is an English-language broadcast television network in Canada launched in 1961. Since 2000 it is owned by the Bell Media division of BCE, Bell Media also operates additional CTV-branded properties, including the 24-hour national cable news network CTV News Channel and the secondary CTV Two television system. Calgary and Edmonton were served by privately owned CBC affiliates, the six markets by CBC owned-and-operated stations. Indeed, Baton had already begun quietly contacting the successful applicants in other cities to gauge their interest in forming a group to share Canadian programming among the stations. This led to the July 1960 formation of the Independent Television Organization, consisting of all eight of the newly licensed private stations, each station would have a single vote in the ITOs operations, regardless of the size of the stations audience. The ITO soon resolved to apply for a licence to link these second stations. The BBG – and particularly its chair Andrew Stewart – was not in favour of a station-owned network, although it did not immediately approve Caldwells proposal, it soon set several conditions on such a network that effectively made Caldwells group the only feasible applicant. That fall, the Caldwell group and the ITO faced off in a series of meetings with the BBG, ultimately, the BBG granted a licence to CTN, conditional on securing the affiliation of six of the eight ITO stations. Batons opposition to the CTN reversed in early 1961, soon after CFTO won the broadcast rights to the Canadian Football League Eastern Conference for the 1961 and 1962 seasons. Batons original plan was to operate a network to distribute the games incorporating CFTO, other independent stations. Although the plan was never officially rejected, various uncertainties eventually led John Bassett to decide to sign an agreement with CTN instead to ensure the games would air. The network finally launched as the CTV Television Network on October 1,1961, the CBC had objected to the networks initial name, apparently claiming it had exclusive rights to the term Canadian, and therefore the letters CTV have no official expanded meaning. The CTV networks first night on-air began with Harry Raskys promotional documentary on the new network and that was followed by a fall season preview program. At first, flagship CFTO was the station that carried programming live. During CBCs off-hours, CTV used CBCs microwave system to send programming to the rest of the country on tape delay, eventually, a second microwave channel opened up, enabling live programming from coast to coast. For example, most of the rights to American programming rested with the ITO, in many cases, CTV found itself competing with its own stations for the rights to programming. Caldwells departure in 1965 did little to alleviate the situation, in 1966, the networks affiliates sought permission to buy the network and run it as a cooperative. The BBG was initially skeptical of the proposal, since CFTO was by far the largest and richest station, the BBG feared that CFTO would dominate CTV if the stations were allowed to buy the network
35.
Discovery (Canada)
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Discovery Channel is a Canadian English language Category A cable and satellite specialty channel that is owned by CTV Specialty Television Inc. and Discovery Communications. The channel is devoted to nature, adventure, science and technology programming, licensed by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission in 1994, Discovery Channel launched on January 1,1995 under the ownership of NetStar Communications Inc. On March 24,2000, the CRTC approved a proposal by CTV Inc. to acquire an 80% voting interest in NetStar Communications Inc, CTV renamed the company CTV Speciality Television Inc. Although much of Discoverys programming is shared with its American counterpart, most notably, the channel produces a daily science news program, Daily Planet. Some of the programs from the flagship Discovery Channel are presented differently than in the United States, with different air dates for shows such as The Deadliest Catch. Discovery Channel Canada also produces its own version of the Cash Cab game show, despite the inclusion of American programming, the Canadian programming lineup more so resembles the American version of Science than the U. S. In fact, some programs seen on Science were produced by Discovery Channel Canada, in November 2015, Discovery Channel Canada announced its first original scripted drama, the Jason Momoa-fronted Frontier, chronicling the North American fur trade. The series was picked up internationally by Netflix, Exploration Production Inc. a producer and distributor of factual content, primarily episodic series and science magazines for television, was founded and launched in 1993. NetStar Communications Inc. owned the company under Discovery Channel Canada, EPI has produced many shows found in Discovery Channel and other affiliated Canadian channels. Discovery Channel HD is a high definition simulcast feed of Discovery Channel that broadcasts in the 1080i resolution format, the first incarnation of the HD feed was launched on August 15,2003. On June 17,2011, Bell Media announced that it would launch, for a time, an HD simulcast feed of Discovery Channel. It is available on Bell TV, Bell Fibe TV, Shaw Cable, Rogers Cable, Vidéotron, Discovery Channel HD Theater Official website CRTC Homepage Exploration Production Inc. official website
36.
Netflix
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Netflix is an American entertainment company founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph on August 29,1997, in Scotts Valley, California. It specializes in and provides streaming media and video-on-demand online and DVD by mail, in 2013, Netflix expanded into film and television production, as well as online distribution. As of 2017 the company has its headquarters in Los Gatos, Netflixs initial business model included DVD sales and rental, although Hastings jettisoned DVD sales about a year after Netflixs founding to focus on the DVD rental by mail business. In 2007, Netflix expanded its business with the introduction of streaming media, while retaining the DVD, Netflix entered the content-production industry in 2013, debuting its first series, House of Cards. It has greatly expanded the production of film and television series since then, offering Netflix Original content through its online library of films. Netflix released an estimated 126 original series or films in 2016, in January 2017, Netflix reported having over 93 million subscribers worldwide, including more than 49 million in the United States. Netflix was founded on August 29,1997, in Scotts Valley, California, by Marc Randolph, Randolph worked as marketing director for Hastings company, Pure Atria Corporation. Randolph was a co-founder of MicroWarehouse, a mail order company. Hastings, a computer scientist and mathematician, sold Pure Atria to Rational Software Corporation in 1997 for $700 million in what was then the richest acquisition in Silicon Valley history. Hastings, Randolphs mother and Integrity QA founder Steve Kahn invested $2.5 million in cash for Netflix. Randolph admired the fledgling e-commerce company Amazon and wanted to find a category of portable items to sell over the internet using a similar model. He and Hastings considered and rejected VHS tapes as too expensive to stock and too delicate to ship. When they heard about DVDs, which were available in only a few markets in 1997, when the disc arrived intact, they decided to take on the $16 billion home video sales and rental industry. Netflix introduced the monthly subscription concept in September 1999, and then dropped the model in early 2000. Since that time, the company has built its reputation on the model of flat-fee unlimited rentals without due dates, late fees, shipping and handling fees. In 2000, Netflix offered to be acquired by Blockbuster for $50 million, Netflix initiated an initial public offering on May 29,2002, selling 5.5 million shares of common stock at the price of US$15.00 per share. On June 14,2002, the company sold an additional 825,000 shares of stock at the same price. After incurring substantial losses during its first few years, Netflix posted its first profit during fiscal year 2003, in 2005,35,000 different films were available, and Netflix shipped 1 million DVDs out every day
37.
National Football League
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The National Football League is a professional American football league consisting of 32 teams, divided equally between the National Football Conference and the American Football Conference. The NFL is one of the four professional sports leagues in North America. The NFLs 17-week regular season runs from the week after Labor Day to the week after Christmas, with each team playing 16 games, the NFL was formed in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association before renaming itself the National Football League for the 1922 season. The NFL agreed to merge with the American Football League in 1966, and the first Super Bowl was held at the end of that season, the merger was completed in 1970. Today, the NFL has the highest average attendance of any sports league in the world and is the most popular sports league in the United States. S. The NFLs executive officer is the commissioner, who has authority in governing the league. The team with the most NFL championships is the Green Bay Packers with thirteen, the current NFL champions are the New England Patriots, who defeated the Atlanta Falcons 34–28 in Super Bowl LI. Another meeting held on September 17,1920 resulted in the renaming of the league to the American Professional Football Association, the league hired Jim Thorpe as its first president, and consisted of 14 teams. Only two of these teams, the Decatur Staleys and the Chicago Cardinals, remain, the first event occurred on September 26,1920 when the Rock Island Independents defeated the non-league St. Paul Ideals 48–0 at Douglas Park. On October 3,1920, the first full week of league play occurred, the following season resulted in the Chicago Staleys controversially winning the title over the Buffalo All-Americans. In 1922, the APFA changed its name to the National Football League, in 1932, the season ended with the Chicago Bears and the Portsmouth Spartans tied for first in the league standings. This method had used since the leagues creation in 1920. The league quickly determined that a game between Chicago and Portsmouth was needed to decide the leagues champion. Playing with altered rules to accommodate the playing field, the Bears won the game 9–0. Fan interest in the de facto championship game led the NFL, beginning in 1933, the 1934 season also marked the first of 12 seasons in which African Americans were absent from the league. The de facto ban was rescinded in 1946, following public pressure, the NFL was always the foremost professional football league in the United States, it nevertheless faced a large number of rival professional leagues through the 1930s and 1940s. Rival leagues included at least three separate American Football Leagues and the All-America Football Conference, on top of regional leagues of varying caliber. Three NFL teams trace their histories to these leagues, including the Los Angeles Rams
