1.
Marshville, North Carolina
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Marshville is a town in Union County, North Carolina, United States. Its population was 2,596 at the 2014 census, Marshville is located at 34°59′18″N 80°22′4″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has an area of 2.1 square miles. As of the census of 2010, there were 2,402 people,809 households, the population density was 1,151.4 people per square mile. There were 868 housing units at a density of 423.5 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 48% White,45. 3% African American,0. 06% Native American,0. 20% Asian, 4% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 3. 22% of the population. 24. 5% of all households were made up of individuals and 11. 3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.79 and the average family size was 3.36. In the town, the population was out with 28. 8% under the age of 18,8. 2% from 18 to 24,29. 2% from 25 to 44,19. 3% from 45 to 64. The median age was 34 years, for every 100 females there were 88.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.0 males, the median income for a household in the town was $36,140, and the median income for a family was $42,589. Males had an income of $30,039 versus $21,413 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,498, about 8. 3% of families and 10. 9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9. 3% of those under age 18 and 13. 1% of those age 65 or over. Marshville is the site of the Boll Weevil Festival, a street fair. Parts of the 1985 Oscar-nominated movie The Color Purple were filmed in Marshville, the movie was directed by Steven Spielberg and its cast included Oprah Winfrey and Whoopi Goldberg. In June 2012 the Marshville Museum And Cultural Center was opened with exhibits on the history of Marshville, the surrounding area, joshua Park, actor and Theatre World Award winner. K-Ci & JoJo, R&B singers and members of Jodeci, hometown of country music singer Randy Travis, member of the Country Music Hall of Fame
2.
Christian country music
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Christian country music is music that is written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life, as well as to give a Christian alternative to mainstream secular music. Christian country music is a form of Christian music and a subgenre of both Gospel music and Country music, like other forms of music the creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of Christian country music varies according to culture and social context. It is composed and performed for many purposes, ranging from pleasure, religious or ceremonial purposes with a positive message. However, a theme as with most Christian music is praise. Christian country music has been around for generations and it originated as a blend of early mountain music, cowboy music and the music from the plantations of the Deep South. It was out of this blend of music that Southern Gospel music was birthed and was primarily in the southern states. Today, Christian country music has blended with a new brand of music called Positive Christian Country music, the music tends to deal with lifes problems and Gods answers to those problems, and it doesnt sound like the religious music of years past. It has attracted extraordinary talent and quality in production, thereby making it palatable to the ears of the unchurched who like the sounds of country music. Its becoming a tool for all over the world and through it many churches have sprung up around the country with country gospel as their main musical format. Many Christian country organizations have been around for a number of years. The oldest of all of these organizations is the International Country Gospel Music Association which was founded in 1957 and these organizations were founded to further artists careers much in the same manner as the GMA, NARAS or CMA. Many of these organizations have yearly conventions which hosts music showcases, one should note that the CCMA was sued by the CMA for award name right infringement. The CCMA renamed their awards show after a judge ruled that they could no longer use the name. The new name is the ICM Music Awards which stands for Inspirational Country Music, Radio personality Bob Wilson was one of the first radio personalities to see the potential of the genre. His weekly show Gospel Country Round-up aired for many years playing southern, many Christian country stations today are going the way of Internet stations. That is a move for this genre, however, because there are few terrestrial radio stations that play a strictly Christian country format. Many mainstream country stations only have a weekly Sunday Country Gospel show, Christian country has several syndicated programs. The Country Gospel Countdown has broadcast since 1984 and syndicated since 1988, The Country Parson radio program, todays Cross Country with Marty Smith, broadcast since 1995, syndicated since 1996
3.
Warner Bros. Records
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Warner Bros. Records was established on March 19,1958, as the recorded-music division of the American film studio Warner Bros. For most of its existence it was one of a group of labels owned and operated by larger parent corporations. The sequence of companies that controlled Warner Bros. and its allied labels evolved through a series of corporate mergers. Over this period, Warner Bros. Records grew from a minor player in the music industry to become one of the top recording labels in the world. In 2003, these assets were divested by their then owner Time Warner. This independent company traded as the Warner Music Group before being bought by Access Industries in 2011, WMG is the smallest of the three major international music conglomerates and the worlds last publicly traded major music company. Cameron Strang serves as CEO of the company, artists currently signed to Warner Bros. At the end of the silent movie period, Warner Bros, pictures decided to expand into publishing and recording so that it could access low-cost music content for its films. This new group controlled valuable copyrights on standards by George and Ira Gershwin and Jerome Kern, the label signed rising radio and recording stars Bing Crosby, Mills Brothers, and Boswell Sisters. In December 1931, Warner Bros. offloaded Brunswick to the American Record Corporation for a fraction of its former value, in a lease arrangement which did not include Brunswicks pressing plants. Warner Bros. sold Brunswick a second time, this time along with the old Brunswick pressing plants Warner owned, to Decca Records in exchange for a financial interest in Decca. The studio stayed out of the business for more than 25 years. Warner Bros. reëntered the record business in 1958 with the establishment of its own recording division, by this time, the established Hollywood studios were reeling from multiple challenges to their former dominance - the most notable being the introduction of television in the late 1940s. Legal changes also had a impact on their business—lawsuits brought by major stars had effectively overthrown the old studio contract system by the late 1940s. Pictures sold off much of its library in 1948 and, beginning in 1949. Semenenko in particular had a professional interest in the entertainment business. With the record business booming - sales had topped US$500 million by 1958 - Semnenko argued that it was foolish for Warner Bros, another impetus for the labels creation was the brief music career of Warner Bros. actor Tab Hunter. In 1958, the studio signed Hunter as its first artist to its newly formed record division, to establish the label, the company hired former Columbia Records president James B
4.
DreamWorks Records
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DreamWorks Records was an American record label. Founded in 1996 by David Geffen, Steven Spielberg and Jeffrey Katzenberg as a subsidiary of DreamWorks SKG, the label itself also featured a Nashville, Tennessee-based subsidiary, DreamWorks Nashville, which specialized in country music and was shut down in 2005. The companys logo was designed by Roy Lichtenstein and was his last commission before his death in 1997, in 1996, six years after Geffen sold Geffen Records to MCA Music Entertainment, he joined Spielberg and Katzenberg to form DreamWorks SKG, which included the subsidiary DreamWorks Records. The labels logo was the last project completed by artist Roy Lichtenstein, Geffen Records distributed DreamWorks until 1999, when Interscope Records took over distribution duties. Rufus Wainwright was the first to be signed to the new label in early 1996, henry Rollins, Tamar Braxton, George Michael, Randy Newman, Morphine, Eels, comedian/actor Chris Rock, Powerman 5000 and others were also signed to the label. The label was presided over by Lenny Waronker and Mo Ostin and it was announced on November 11,2003 that Universal Music Group reached an agreement to acquire DreamWorks Records from DreamWorks SKG for about $100 million. The purchase came at a time when the business was going through major changes as it struggled to counter falling sales. Under the deal new, DreamWorks Records was placed within the Interscope Geffen A&M label, DreamWorks was folded into Geffen Records in 2004. Its country music division, meanwhile, remained operational until January 29,2006, between 1998 and 2005, DreamWorks also operated a division in Nashville, Tennessee for country music acts. Among the artists signed to the DreamWorks Nashville division were Jessica Andrews, Emerson Drive, Toby Keith, Randy Travis, Jimmy Wayne, after DreamWorks Records dissolution, former executive Scott Borchetta formed Big Machine Records in late 2005, signing several country music acts to the label. Borchetta also signed Show Dog Records in partnership with Toby Keith, meanwhile, Borchetta signed Taylor Swift to DreamWorks Records. The latter label merged with Universal South Records to become Show Dog-Universal Music, DreamWorks Records discography List of DreamWorks Records artists List of record labels Video Interview with Lenny Waronker, former President of DreamWorks Records
5.
Word Records
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Word Records is a Christian faith-based entertainment company based in Nashville, Tennessee. It is owned by Curb Records and is a part of Word Entertainment, Word Records was founded in Waco, Texas, in 1951 by Jarrell McCracken, Baylor business major Henry SoRelle and radio and television executive Ted Snider. The labels name is based on a 16-minute spoken word recording written and narrated by McCracken, the event is based on a full length match between the forces of Good and Evil with Jesus Christ and Satan coaching the two teams. McCracken was familiar with play-by-play broadcasting, having created virtual baseball games for radio broadcast based on wire reports, McCracken originally presented his The Game of Life presentation on Sunday nights at various churches around the central Texas area. Everywhere he presented The Game of Life, he got requests for copies, eventually, he had a short run of records pressed to offer at churches where he spoke. The fictional radio station in the recording has the call letters WORD, after being asked by a friend when he was going to release a follow-up, McCracken then decided to pursue the label on a more serious level. Subsequent records focused on other spoken word recordings, but Word soon branched out into gospel music. Early employees for the label included Tom Norfleet, Kurt Kaiser, the label struggled initially until Marvin Norcross became an equity partner. By 1954, Word had become a house as well. Several subsidiary labels were started over the years, Canaan Records in the sixties, Myrrh Records and DaySpring Records in 1977, two of these labels no longer exist today in their original form. The Myrrh Label was resurrected in 2005 as a praise and worship record label, Canaan Records was also re-opened in early 2007 with Dave Clark at the helm. Larry Normans Solid Rock Records had a deal with Word from 1975 to 1980. Artists on Solid Rock included Norman, Randy Stonehill, Daniel Amos, Tom Howard, light Records was distributed in the 1970s by Word Records before being sold to Ralph Carmichael in the 1980s. Reunion Records signed a distribution and promotion contract in the 80s, today, Reunion Records is distributed through Provident Music Group. Star Song was distributed by Word Records but left their distribution deal in the late 1980s to sign with Sparrow Records which was taken over by Chordant Distribution and then by EMI. Distribution deals with labels in the 1970s, 1980s, and early 1990s allowed Word Records to rise to the top. They distributed, promoted, and advertised the biggest names in contemporary Christian music, artists such as Amy Grant, Michael W. In the 1976, McCracken sold part interest in his label to the American Broadcasting Company,10 years later, ABC merged with Capital Cities, Inc. and forced McCracken out of the company
6.
Curb Records
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Curb Records is an independent record label started by Mike Curb originally as Sidewalk Records in 1963. From 1969 to 1973, Curb merged with MGM Records where Curb served as President of MGM, the Four Seasons comeback album, Who Loves You, included December 1963, which was the first single to spend more than one year on the Billboard Hot 100 Chart. Curbs roster past and present includes Lee Brice, LeAnn Rimes, Hank Williams, sheppard, Jim Stafford, Ray Stevens, Andreas Moss, Jonathan Thulin and Tim McGraw. In late 2002, Curb Records also acquired a stake in Word Records from then-owners Time Warner, Curb still holds partnership in Word even though Time Warners stake was sold to newly formed spin-off Warner Music Group in 2004. Four-time GMA Music Award Female Vocalist of the Year Natalie Grant is signed to Curb Records in addition to the 5 time GMA music award winning group Selah. Mullen, Larry Norman, Jonathan Pierce, Plumb, Point of Grace, Group 1 Crew, Salvador, Jamie Slocum, Steller Kart, Jaci Velasquez and Mark Schultz. In 2006, Curb launched a rock label, Bruc Records. Straight to Hell by Neotraditional country artist Hank Williams III was the first album to be released on the new imprint, in 2011, Curb filed a lawsuit against Country singer Tim McGraw, and McGraw filed a counter lawsuit against Curb. In 2012, he stopped recording with Curb, and switched to Big Machine Records, in 2015, Jim Ed Norman was named CEO of the Curb Group, however, Mike Curb remains extremely involved as the founder and chairman of the board. Curb Records supports charitable programs through the Mike Curb Family Foundation and these historic facilities are being used by students at the various Curb supported colleges and universities for the purpose of studying music history. In October 2008 the 6,000 seat Curb Event Center at Belmont University in Nashville, in the United Kingdom, Curb artists are eligible for the UK independent charts. In January 2006, Curb scored a top ten hit with Brian Kennedy and Peter Corrys Tribute to George Best, Curb previously had major hits in Europe with the Four Seasons, the Osmonds, LeAnn Rimes, and Soundtracks such as Coyote Ugly
7.
Country music
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Country music is a genre of United States popular music that originated in the southern United States in the 1920s. It takes its roots from the genre of United States, such as folk music. Blues modes have been used throughout its recorded history. The term country music is used today to many styles and subgenres. In 2009 country music was the most listened to rush hour radio genre during the evening commute, immigrants to the Southern Appalachian Mountains of North America brought the music and instruments of Europe and Africa along with them for nearly 300 years. Country music was introduced to the world as a Southern phenomenon, Bristol, Tennessee, has been formally recognized by the U. S. Congress as the Birthplace of Country Music, based on the historic Bristol recording sessions of 1927. Since 2014, the city has been home to the Birthplace of Country Music Museum, historians have also noted the influence of the less-known Johnson City sessions of 1928 and 1929, and the Knoxville sessions of 1929 and 1930. Prior to these, pioneer settlers, in the Great Smoky Mountains region, had developed a musical heritage. The first generation emerged in the early 1920s, with Atlantas music scene playing a role in launching countrys earliest recording artists. Okeh Records began issuing hillbilly music records by Fiddlin John Carson as early as 1923, followed by Columbia Records in 1924, many hillbilly musicians, such as Cliff Carlisle, recorded blues songs throughout the 1920s. The most important was the Grand Ole Opry, aired starting in 1925 by WSM in Nashville, during the 1930s and 1940s, cowboy songs, or Western music, which had been recorded since the 1920s, were popularized by films made in Hollywood. Bob Wills was another musician from the Lower Great Plains who had become very popular as the leader of a hot string band. His mix of country and jazz, which started out as dance hall music, Wills was one of the first country musicians known to have added an electric guitar to his band, in 1938. Country musicians began recording boogie in 1939, shortly after it had played at Carnegie Hall. Gospel music remained a component of country music. It became known as honky tonk, and had its roots in Western swing and the music of Mexico. By the early 1950s a blend of Western swing, country boogie, rockabilly was most popular with country fans in the 1950s, and 1956 could be called the year of rockabilly in country music. Beginning in the mid-1950s, and reaching its peak during the early 1960s, the late 1960s in American music produced a unique blend as a result of traditionalist backlash within separate genres
8.
Billboard (magazine)
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Billboard is an American entertainment media brand owned by the Hollywood Reporter-Billboard Media Group, a division of Eldridge Industries. It publishes pieces involving news, video, opinion, reviews, events and it is also known for its music charts, including the Billboard Hot 100 and Billboard 200, tracking the most popular singles and albums in different genres. It also hosts events, owns a publishing firm, and operates several TV shows, Billboard was founded in 1894 by William Donaldson and James Hennegan as a trade publication for bill posters. Donaldson later acquired Hennegens interest in 1900 for $500, in the 1900s, it covered the entertainment industry, such as circuses, fairs and burlesque shows. It also created a service for travelling entertainers. Billboard began focusing more on the industry as the jukebox, phonograph. Many topics it covered were spun-off into different magazines, including Amusement Business in 1961 to cover outdoor entertainment so that it could focus on music. After Donaldson died in 1925, Billboard was passed down to his children and Hennegans children, until it was sold to investors in 1985. The first issue of Billboard was published in Cincinnati, Ohio, on November 1,1894 by William Donaldson, initially, it covered the advertising and bill posting industry and was called Billboard Advertising. At the time, billboards, posters and paper advertisements placed in public spaces were the means of advertising. Donaldson handled editorial and advertising, while Hennegan, who owned Hennegan Printing Co. managed magazine production, the first issues were just eight pages long. The paper had columns like The Bill Room Gossip and The Indefatigable, a department for agricultural fairs was established in 1896. The title was changed to The Billboard in 1897, after a brief departure over editorial differences, Donaldson purchased Hennegans interest in the business in 1900 for $500, to save it from bankruptcy. That May, Donaldson changed it from a monthly to a paper with a greater emphasis on breaking news. He improved editorial quality and opened new offices in New York, Chicago, San Francisco, London and he also re-focused the magazine on outdoor entertainment like fairs, carnivals, circuses, vaudeville and burlesque shows. A section devoted to circuses was introduced in 1900, followed by more prominent coverage of events in 1901. Billboard also covered topics including regulation, a lack of professionalism, economics and it had a stage gossip column covering the private lives of entertainers, a tent show section covering traveling shows and a sub-section called Freaks to order. According to The Seattle Times, Donaldson also published articles attacking censorship, praising productions exhibiting good taste
9.
Three Wooden Crosses
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Three Wooden Crosses the title of a song written by Kim Williams and Doug Johnson, and recorded by American country music singer-songwriter Randy Travis. It was released in November 2002 from his album, Rise, the song became Travis 16th Number One single, his first since Whisper My Name in 1994. Three Wooden Crosses was named Song of the Year by the Country Music Association in 2003, throughout the song there is mention of three wooden crosses on the right side of the highway. This is a reference to roadside memorials and to crosses that, in 1984, funded by Reverend Bernard Coffindaffer. These crosses stand in the traditional Christian formation of a cross in the middle. It also mentions that the preacher lays his bloodstained Bible in the hands of the hooker, the end of the song reveals that the story was being told by a preacher during Sunday church services. However, in a twist, it reveals that the hooker survived and had a son. The preacher telling the story is in fact the son of the hooker and this leads to speculation that the hooker read the Bible, left prostitution, got married, and gave birth to the preacher at the end of the song. Deborah Evans Price, of Billboard magazine reviewed the song favorably, calling it a beautifully written tale of faith and she goes on to say that Travis has never sounded better, and his warm baritone perfectly conveys every nuance in the lyric. Three Wooden Crosses debuted at number 52 on the Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart dated December 7,2002. In addition, it crossed over to the Top 40 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts, peaking at #31 on that chart, making it his first, lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
10.
GMA Dove Award
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A Dove Award is an accolade by the Gospel Music Association of the United States to recognize outstanding achievement in the Christian music industry. Formerly held in Nashville, Tennessee, the Dove Awards took place in Atlanta, Georgia during 2011 and 2012, the ceremonies feature live musical performances and are broadcast on TBN. The awards were established in 1969, and represent a variety of styles, including rock, pop, hip hop, country. The Dove Awards were originally conceptualized by Gospel singer and songwriter Bill Gaither, the idea of the award being represented by a dove is credited to Gaither and design for the award itself is credited to gospel singer Les Beasley. The first GMA Dove Awards were held at the Peabody Hotel in Memphis, in 1971, the awards moved to Nashville. There were no awards held in 1979, due to a decision by the Gospel Music Association to move the awards from autumn to spring, every ceremony since has been held in the spring. The first televised ceremony was the 15th GMA Dove Awards of 1984, the awards were held in Nashville until 2011 before being presented at the Fox Theatre in Atlanta, Georgia in 2012. They returned to Nashville in 2013, and have held at the Allen Arena on the campus of Lipscomb University since. The General Field includes seven awards which are not restricted by genre, Song of the Year is awarded to the songwriter, prior to the definition, the only qualified music was that sold in Christian Booksellers Association affiliated stores. The new standards resulted in complaints by fans and artists after thirteen entries were disqualified as being too secular in the 1999 Dove Awards. The rules were rescinded afterwards, and many groups disqualified by the rulings in 1999 were winners in 2000, Christian pop culture Gospel Music Association of Canada Covenant Awards Official website GMA website Past winners
11.
The Rainmaker (1997 film)
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The Rainmaker is a 1997 American legal drama film based on John Grishams 1995 novel of the same name, and written and directed by Francis Ford Coppola. It stars Matt Damon, Danny DeVito, Danny Glover, Claire Danes, Jon Voight, Roy Scheider, Mickey Rourke, Virginia Madsen, Mary Kay Place, Rudy Baylor was brought up in a slum. His father, who was an alcoholic, abused him. After studying at Austin Peay State University, Rudy, who has an interest in justice and civil rights. When he graduates from the University of Memphis State Law School, he and he is forced to apply for part-time positions while he serves drinks at a Memphis bar. Desperate for a job, he goes to an interview with J. Lyman Bruiser Stone, a ruthless and corrupt but successful personal injury lawyer. To earn his fee, Rudy is turned into an ambulance chaser, soon he meets Deck Shifflet, a less-than-ethical former insurance assessor turned paralegal, who has gone to law school but failed the bar exam six times. Deck is resourceful in gathering information, and practically an expert on insurance lawsuits, Rudy manages to get just one case, concerning insurance bad faith. It may be several million dollars in damages, which appeals to him because he is about to declare himself bankrupt. He rents an apartment above the garage in the home of elderly Miss Birdsong, Bruiser is suspected of racketeering, and his offices are raided by the police and FBI. Not knowing what else to do, Rudy and Deck set up, without so much as a secretary for help and they file a bad faith suit on behalf of a middle-aged couple, Dot and Buddy Black, whose 22-year-old son Donny Ray is going to die from leukemia. Donny Ray would most likely have saved by a bone marrow transplant had his medical claim not been denied by Great Benefit. Although Rudy passes the Tennessee bar exam, he has never argued a case before a judge and jury. He finds himself up against a group of experienced and devious lawyers from a firm that is headed by Leo F. Drummond. The original judge assigned to the case, Harvey Hale, is set to dismiss it because he sees it as one of many so-called lottery cases that slow the judicial process. But after Hale suffers a heart attack, a far more sympathetic judge, Tyrone Kipler. Kipler, a civil rights attorney, immediately denies the insurance companys petition for dismissal. After a particularly violent attack, Rudy persuades Kelly, to whom he is attracted, going to Kellys home to pack her belongings, Rudy and Kelly are violently confronted by a bat-wielding Cliff
12.
Matt Damon
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Matthew Paige Damon is an American actor, film producer, and screenwriter. He is ranked among Forbes magazines most bankable stars and is one of the actors of all time. Born and raised in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Damon began his career by appearing in high school theater productions. Damon is also known for his roles as Jason Bourne in the Bourne franchise. The latter also won him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor, Damon has received Emmy Award nominations for his portrayal of Scott Thorson in the biopic Behind the Candelabra and for producing the reality series Project Greenlight. He also received an Oscar nomination for producing Manchester by the Sea, in addition to acting in films, Damon has performed voice-over work in both animated and documentary films and has established two production companies with Affleck. He has been involved in charitable work, including the ONE Campaign, H2O Africa Foundation, Feeding America. Damon is married to Luciana Bozán Barroso, and they have three daughters together, Damon was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the second son of Kent Telfer Damon, a stockbroker, and Nancy Carlsson-Paige, an early childhood education professor at Lesley University. His father has English and Scottish ancestry, and his mother is of five-eighths Finnish, Damon and his family moved to Newton for two years. His parents divorced when he was two old, and Damon and his brother returned with their mother to Cambridge, where they lived in a six-family communal house. His brother Kyle is now a sculptor and artist. As a lonely teenager, Damon has said that he felt that he did not belong, due to his mothers by the book approach to child-rearing, he had a hard time defining a self identity. He attended Cambridge Alternative School and then Cambridge Rindge and Latin School, Damon performed as an actor in several high school theater productions. He credited his drama teacher, Gerry Speca, as an important artistic influence, though Ben Affleck, his friend and schoolmate, got the biggest roles. While at Harvard, he wrote a treatment of the screenplay for Good Will Hunting as an exercise for an English class. Damon was a member of the Delphic Club, one of the Universitys select Final Clubs, in 2013, he was awarded the Harvard Arts Medal. Damon received an Academy Award for the screenplay of Good Will Hunting in 1998, which was handed to him by Harvard alumnus Jack Lemmon, Damon entered Harvard in 1988, where he appeared in student theater plays, such as Burn This and A. Later, he made his debut at the age of 18
13.
Black Dog (film)
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Black Dog is a 1998 American action thriller film directed by Kevin Hooks and starring Patrick Swayze. The film tells the story of a trucker and ex-con who is manipulated into transporting illegal arms, the film co-stars musicians Randy Travis and Meat Loaf. The movie first starts out with FBI and ATF agents on a pursuit to stop a truck carrying illegal guns as part of an illegal arms operation. The result is the death of the driver, which leads to a disagreement with FBI, along with his imprisonment, he also lost his Commercial drivers license. Following his release, he attempts to get back to a normal life and he is then offered a job by his manager, Cutler to drive a load of toilets from Atlanta to New Jersey for $10,000. Crews initially declines the offer, but then finds out that his house will be repossessed unless he pays off his debt and he then changes his mind and takes the job where he flies down to Atlanta to meet up with Red, who runs the trucking yard. Red initially gives Crews a brand-new truck to haul the load and he is accompanied on the trip by Earl riding shotgun, and Sonny and Wes following in Sonnys Chevrolet Camaro for policy protection. During the trip, Crews finds out that his load also contains illegal guns, Crews also discovers that Sonny is an FBI agent when he is shot and killed by Red during another hijack attempt, and that the FBI has been tracking their whereabouts as well. Things take a turn for the worse when Cutler takes Crews wife Melanie and daughter Tracy hostage to ensure that Crews will complete the job, despite the numerous attempts from Red to hijack the load, as well as Sonnys death, Crews manages to survive each attempt. When they make it to Maryland, Crews now officially knows what the plot is and formulates a plan to turn over the guns to the FBI. Wes, at this point has gone his way, while Earl decides to stay on until the end. Crews puts the FBI tracking device on the truck that Wes is leaving on, however, Crews calls Agent Allen Ford who is leading the case on Wes cell phone. He tells him his plan which is to him at a loading dock in Jersey. Eventually when the meeting occurs, the FBI shows up and a shootout occurs with Cutlers men, Crews is able to catch Cutler before he can escape and then turns him over to the FBI. He is also given the key to drive the truck one last time to the impound lot and it however has gone on to earn cult status. A soundtrack album for the film, featuring country music artists, was released in April 1998 via Decca Records Nashville. It peaked at number 30 on Top Country Albums, thom Owens gave the soundtrack a mixed review in Allmusic, praising the performances of Randy Travis, David Lee Murphy, and Rhett Akins. Among the cuts on the soundtrack, Rhett Akins Drivin My Life Away, patty Loveless On Down the Line was previously a single from her 1990 album of the same name, and Steve Earles Nowhere Road a single from his 1987 album Exit 0
14.
Patrick Swayze
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Patrick Wayne Swayze was an American actor, dancer, and singer-songwriter. During his career he received three Golden Globe Award nominations and was named by People magazine as its Sexiest Man Alive in 1991. Patrick Wayne Swayze was born on August 18,1952, in Houston, Texas, the child of Patsy Swayze, a choreographer, dance instructor, and dancer, and Jesse Wayne Swayze. He had two brothers, actor Don and Sean Kyle, and two sisters, Vickie Lynn and Bambi. Swayze and his siblings were raised in their mothers Roman Catholic faith, during this time, he pursued multiple artistic and athletic skills, such as ice skating, classical ballet, and acting in school plays. He played football for his school and was hoping to receive a football scholarship for college until a knee injury ended his career. He studied gymnastics at Coastal Carolina University for two years, in 1972, he moved to New York City to complete his formal dance training at the Harkness Ballet and Joffrey Ballet schools. Swayze had a role in the television series M*A*S*H, in season 9 episode 18 Blood Brothers. His first professional appearance was as a dancer for Disney on Parade and he then starred as a replacement playing the role of Danny Zuko in the long-running Broadway production of Grease before his debut film role as Ace in Skatetown, U. S. A. Swayze became known to the industry after appearing in The Outsiders as the older brother of C. Thomas Howell. Also in 1983, Swayze played a U. S. M. C, trainer in Vietnam rescue film Uncommon Valor with Gene Hackman. The following year, Swayze, Howell, and Howells friend Darren Dalton reunited in Red Dawn, then in 1986, Lowe and his first major success was in the 1985 television miniseries North and South, which was set during the American Civil War. Swayzes breakthrough role came with his performance as dance instructor Johnny Castle in the film Dirty Dancing, alongside his Red Dawn co-star, the song became a top-10 hit and has been covered by other artists. After Dirty Dancing, Swayze found himself in great acting demand and appeared in several films and his biggest role came when he starred in Ghost with Demi Moore and Whoopi Goldberg. In 1991, he starred alongside Youngblood castmate Keanu Reeves in another major hit, Point Break. For his contributions to the industry, he was given a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1997. Swayze was seriously injured in 1998 while filming HBOs Letters from a Killer near Ione, California, both of his legs were broken, and he suffered four detached tendons in his shoulder. Filming was suspended for two months, and the aired in 1999
15.
Texas Rangers (film)
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Texas Rangers is a 2001 American action western film starring James Van Der Beek, Ashton Kutcher, Alfred Molina, and Dylan McDermott. Directed by Steve Miner, it follows a group of Texas Rangers in the post-American Civil War era, ten years after the Civil War ended, the Governor of Texas asks Leander McNelly to recommission a company of Rangers to help uphold the law along the Mexican border. Aside from a few seasoned veterans, the recruits are young men, such as George Durham, after McNelly and his men pursue Fisher for a while, they fall into a trap, where many of the young and ill-trained Rangers are killed. Defeated and low on morale, the men back to a ranch house. After being double crossed by a woman, the rangers remain one step behind Fisher, two of the Rangers follow Fisher and his men to the Mexican border, where they wait for the rest of their company. Once the entire Ranger force arrives, they plan their final attack, in a final gun-slinging showdown, the Rangers face off against Fisher and his men that will tip the state of the border country in the direction of either chaos or justice. In 1989, Frank Price at Columbia optioned a story idea called Ranger from Scott Busby, Busby and Copland were hired to do the adaptation. A year later John Milius was on the project and he wrote several drafts and was going to direct for Columbia, then Savoy Pictures. In 1992 Milius said he hoped to make the film with a young cast for $15-17 million, which is very reasonable today, he said. Its very easy to make Westerns, most of the people making decisions today are idiots whove probably never seen one, city-born people who feel that the here and now is most important. They dont like historical films of any kind, especially Westerns, sci-fi is acceptable but history is not hip. Part of being modern is that anything from the past is dead and we live in an historical age. An enormous amount of people were interested in TVs The Civil War, were the only culture in history that builds a shrine and prostrates before the 14-year-old. The best Westerns were love poems to country, added Milius. John Ford photographed the country the way you photograph a woman and he photographed the open spaces, gray clouds, light, red earth, trees, really sensuously. The country was the repository of endless promise, any good Western is about promise. Milius says he got pretty close to making the film but they wouldn’t approve Tommy Lee Jones as the star, another guy worked on it, the script was rewritten, but they were never able to get it made. They couldn’t attract the cast they wanted, so now these other characters bought it
16.
James Van Der Beek
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James David Van Der Beek is an American actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Dawson Leery in the WB series Dawsons Creek. He played a version of himself on the short-lived ABC sitcom Dont Trust the B---- in Apartment 23. His film roles include Varsity Blues and The Rules of Attraction, at the age of 15, he asked his mother to take him into New York City to get an agent and try his hand in professional acting. He made his professional debut off-Broadway at age 16 in 1993 in the New York premiere of Edward Albees play Finding the Sun with the Signature Theatre Company and he played the role of Fergus. Both he and the production, which was directed by Albee. A decade later, in 2003, he appeared again off-Broadway, briefly and he attended Drew University, on an academic scholarship, where he participated in an all-male a cappella group, but dropped out to pursue acting. In early 1997, Van Der Beek auditioned for three television pilots, One of them was for the fledgling WB Network show Dawsons Creek. Van Der Beek won the role of Dawson Leery. The series ran for six seasons and was syndicated worldwide, in 1999, he starred in the teen football drama Varsity Blues, which held the number 1 spot at the U. S. box office for its first two weeks. He won an MTV Movie Award for his role, in 2002, he played Sean Bateman in the film adaptation of Bret Easton Ellis The Rules of Attraction, written and directed by Roger Avary. The film was a box office failure, but found a cult following on DVD. In 2006 he appeared on the Direct-to-DVD thriller The Plague, which was produced by Clive Barker and was panned by critics, after Dawsons Creek ended in 2003, he returned to off-Broadway, in Lanford Wilsons Rain Dance. He completed a screenplay titled Winning. Since then, he made a few appearances on television, including a role on Ugly Betty, in 2008, he made a guest appearance on How I Met Your Mother, in which he played Simon, one of Robin Scherbatskys early boyfriends, multiple times. In 2008, he began a role on One Tree Hill as a film maker who was largely the satirical opposite of Dawson Leery. He appeared in an episode of the season of Medium. In 2009, he portrayed real life kidnapper Anthony Steven Tony Zappa Wright in the Lifetime network television movie Taken In Broad Daylight, the film was distributed theatrically in the United States starting February 26,2010
17.
Touched by an Angel
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Touched by an Angel is an American supernatural drama television series that premiered on CBS on September 21,1994, and ran for 211 episodes and nine seasons until its conclusion on April 27,2003. Created by John Masius and produced by Martha Williamson, the series stars Roma Downey, as an angel named Monica, throughout the series, Monica is tasked with bringing guidance and messages from God to various people who are at a crossroads in their lives. From season three on, they are joined by Andrew, the angel of death. The series went into syndication in 1998, and has shown on Ion Television, Hallmark Channel. Monica in one episode outlines that she started in the choir then annunciations, followed by search and rescue, most cases involve a single person or a group of people who are at a crossroad in their lives and facing a large problem or tough decision. Monica and Tess bring them messages of hope from God and help give them guidance towards making their decision, as the series progresses, Monica continues gaining experience as a case worker and, during some cases having to learn lessons of her own. During the series pilot, an angel of death named Adam is introduced, in the season two premiere, Interview with an Angel, the Angel of Death is introduced as Henry. In the season two episode entitled, The One That Got Away Andrew is introduced as the Angel of Death. During season seven, a new angel, Gloria, is sent by God during one of Monicas assignments, the explosion killed most of the children, leaving the citizens devastated. An out of town developer claims Zack is the perpetrator and despite the lack of evidence, Zack is put on trial. Monica does all she can to help him, including asking Mike to represent him, but the prosecutor in the case, Jones, is really Satan in disguise, and Zack is eventually convicted. After the trial, Monica is able to help the citizens realize their mistake and they begin going back to church, welcomed by the pastor they had once abandoned. Their change of heart, however, cannot free Zack, so Monica visits him in jail and she then promises him that she will become his guardian angel, forgoing all future assignments and the coveted promotion, to protect him from harm in prison. When she returns in the morning, however, the cell is empty, the citizens decide not to search for him, and it is revealed that Joey inadvertently caused the explosion after the devil tricked him into turning the boiler too high to warm some kittens hed found. The perplexed Monica returns to the desert to find Tess and Zack, There, she learns that Zack was actually God, and that her defending him was a test, which she passed by being willing to sacrifice herself for him. As she leaves, she says her goodbyes to Gloria, and to Andrew, before parting, Tess gives Monica the keys to the Cadillac, as she is leaving her job to sit at Gods feet. Monica is last shown driving away as the camera out over the desert. Roma Downey as Monica, a soft kind-hearted angel who is sent town-to-town to encourage people, Della Reese as Tess, a tough and sarcastic, but loving supervisor who plays a key role in every one of Monicas cases
18.
Grammy Award
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A Grammy Award, or Grammy, is an honor awarded by The Recording Academy to recognize outstanding achievement in the mainly English-language music industry. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by prominent artists, and the presentation of awards that have a more popular interest. It shares recognition of the industry as that of the other performance awards such as the Emmy Awards, the Tony Awards. The first Grammy Awards ceremony was held on May 4,1959, to honor, following the 2011 ceremony, The Academy overhauled many Grammy Award categories for 2012. The 59th Grammy Awards, honoring the best achievements from October 2015 to September 2016, was held on February 12,2017, the Grammys had their origin in the Hollywood Walk of Fame project in the 1950s. The music executives decided to rectify this by creating a given by their industry similar to the Oscars. This was the beginning of the National Academy of Recording Arts, after it was decided to create such an award, there was still a question of what to call it, one working title was the Eddie, to honor the inventor of the phonograph, Thomas Edison. They finally settled on using the name of the invention of Emile Berliner, the gramophone, for the awards, the number of awards given grew and fluctuated over the years with categories added and removed, at one time reaching over 100. The second Grammy Awards, also held in 1959, was the first ceremony to be televised, the gold-plated trophies, each depicting a gilded gramophone, are made and assembled by hand by Billings Artworks in Ridgway, Colorado. In 1990 the original Grammy design was revamped, changing the traditional soft lead for a stronger alloy less prone to damage, Billings developed a zinc alloy named grammium, which is trademarked. The trophies with the name engraved on them are not available until after the award announcements. By February 2009,7,578 Grammy trophies had been awarded, the General Field are four awards which are not restricted by genre. Album of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a full album if other than the performer. Record of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a single song if other than the performer. Song of the Year is awarded to the writer/composer of a single song, Best New Artist is awarded to a promising breakthrough performer who releases, during the Eligibility Year, the first recording that establishes the public identity of that artist. The only two artists to win all four of these awards are Christopher Cross, who won all four in 1980, and Adele, who won the Best New Artist award in 2009 and the other three in 2012 and 2017. Other awards are given for performance and production in specific genres, as well as for other such as artwork. Special awards are given for longer-lasting contributions to the music industry, the many other Grammy trophies are presented in a pre-telecast Premiere Ceremony earlier in the afternoon before the Grammy Awards telecast
19.
Country Music Association
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The Country Music Association was founded in 1958 in Nashville, Tennessee. It originally consisted of only 233 members and was the first trade organization formed to promote a music genre, however the CMA may be best known to most country music fans for its annual Country Music Association Awards broadcast live on network television each fall. Initially, CMAs Board of Directors included nine directors and five officers, wesley Rose, president of Acuff-Rose Publishing, Inc. served as CMAs first chairman of the board. Broadcasting entrepreneur and executive Connie B. Gay was the founding president, originally there were nine individual membership categories. The current 15 categories represent all facets of the music industry, CMA membership is composed of those persons or organizations that are involved in Country Music, directly and substantially. The first CMA Awards ceremony was held in 1967 in Nashville, sonny James and Bobbie Gentry hosted the event, which was not televised. The winner of the first Entertainer of the Year award was singer Eddy Arnold, male Vocalist of the Year went to Jack Greene and Female Vocalist of the Year to Loretta Lynn. In 1968, Roy Rogers and Dale Evans hosted the awards, the first live telecast of the show was in 1969. The CMA also gives a CMA Broadcast Award to country-formatted radio stations each year, Broadcast Awards are segmented based on market size, major market, large market, medium market and small market. A single station cannot win the award in consecutive years, in honor of the associations 50th anniversary, MCA Nashville released a song called Forever Country
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Academy of Country Music
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The Academy of Country Music was founded in 1964 in Los Angeles, California as the Country & Western Music Academy. Among those involved in the founding was Eddie Miller and Tommy Wiggins and they wanted to promote country music in the western 13 states with the support of artist based on the West Coast. Artist such as Johnny Bond, Glen Campbell, Merle Haggard, Roger Miller, the ball finally started rolling in 1965 when a board of directors was formed to govern the Academy. The Country & Western Music Academy was founded in 1964, the Academy sought to promote country/western music in the western states, this was in contrast to the Country Music Association, based in Nashville, Tennessee. Being based in the West, its membership was largely composed of those country performers based there. This is evidenced by the awards shows being dominated by Bakersfield artists Buck and Bonnie Owens. At the first ceremony held in 1966, honoring the industry and this ceremony was the first awards ceremony in country music. Winners from the first ceremony included Kay Adams, Merle Haggard, Bonnie Owens, fran Boyd, the first paid employee, created the signature “hat” trophy which is still around today. During this time, they expanded the efforts by sponsoring “Country Music Caravan” in Los Angeles, the awards are “dedicated to honoring and showcasing the biggest names and emerging talent in the country music industry. ”Every year, the ceremony is televised live from the MGM Grand Garden Arena. Typically, the ACM Awards are presented in April or May, the most prestigious awards are for Artist of the Decade and Entertainer of the Year. There are a number of awards to recognize male and female vocalists, albums, videos, songs. The awards are presented in April or May and recognize achievement for the previous year. Country Music Association Country Music Hall of Fame Grand Ole Opry Official website Official Broadcast
21.
Hollywood Walk of Fame
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The Walk of Fame is administered by the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce and maintained by the self-financing Hollywood Historic Trust. It is a popular tourist destination, with a reported 10 million visitors in 2003, as of 2017, the Walk of Fame comprises over 2,600 stars, spaced at 6-foot intervals. The monuments are coral-pink terrazzo five-point stars rimmed with brass inlaid into a charcoal-colored terrazzo background, in the upper portion of each star field the name of the honoree is inlaid in brass block letters. Below the inscription, in the half of the star field. Approximately 20 new stars are added to the Walk each year, special category stars recognize various contributions by corporate entities, service organizations, and special honorees, and display emblems unique to those honorees. The moons are silver and grey terrazzo circles rimmed in brass on a square pink terrazzo background, the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce credits E. M. Stuart, its volunteer president in 1953, with the original idea for creating a Walk of Fame. Stuart reportedly proposed the Walk as a means to maintain the glory of a community whose name means glamor, Harry Sugarman, another Chamber member and president of the Hollywood Improvement Association, receives credit in an independent account. A committee was formed to flesh out the idea, and a firm was retained to develop specific proposals. By 1955 the basic concept and general design had been agreed upon, multiple accounts exist for the origin of the star concept. By another account, the stars were inspired, by Sugarmans drinks menu, which featured celebrity photos framed in gold stars. In February 1956 a prototype was unveiled featuring a caricature of an example honoree inside a star on a brown background. The committees met at the Brown Derby restaurant, and included such prominent names as Cecil B, deMille, Samuel Goldwyn, Jesse L. Lasky, Walt Disney, Hal Roach, Mack Sennett, and Walter Lantz. A requirement stipulated by the audio recording committee specified minimum sales of one million records or 250,000 albums for all music category nominees. The committee soon realized that many important recording artists would be excluded from the Walk by that requirement, as a result, the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences was formed for the purpose of creating a separate award system for the music business. The first Grammy Awards were presented in Beverly Hills in 1959, construction of the Walk began in 1958 but two lawsuits delayed completion. The first was filed by local property owners challenging the legality of the $1.25 million tax assessment levied upon them to pay for the Walk, along with new street lighting, in October 1959 the assessment was ruled legal. The second lawsuit, filed by Charles Chaplin, Jr. sought damages for the exclusion of his father, chaplins suit was dismissed in 1960, paving the way for completion of the project. Woodwards name was one of eight drawn at random from the original 1,558, the other seven names were Olive Borden, Ronald Colman, Louise Fazenda, Preston Foster, Burt Lancaster, Edward Sedgwick, and Ernest Torrence
22.
Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum
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Chartered in 1964, the museum has amassed one of the world’s most extensive musical collections. The Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum is one of the world’s largest and most active popular music research centers, through CMF, industry leaders raised money to build the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum, which opened on April 1,1967. Located at the head of Music Row, the museum was erected on the site of a small Nashville city park, at this point, artifacts began to be displayed and a small library was begun in a loft above one of the museum’s galleries. At the outset, CMA staff had run the museum, but by 1972 the museum acquired its own small staff, which has steadily increased to over 150 full-time professionals. Building expansion took place in 1974,1977, and 1984 to store and display the museum’s growing collection of costumes, films, historic cars, musical instruments, and other artifacts. To become more accessible, in May 2001 the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum moved to a new,130,000 square feet facility in the heart of downtown Nashville’s arts and entertainment district. In 2014, the museum unveiled a $100 million expansion, doubling its size to 350,000 square feet of galleries, archival storage, education classrooms, retail stores, and special event space. The story is revealed through artifacts, photographs, and text panels, recorded sound, vintage video, sing Me Back Home is enhanced by numerous, rotating limited-engagement exhibits. In addition to the galleries, the museum has the 776-seat CMA Theater, the Taylor Swift Education Center, the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum has developed multiple platforms to make its collection accessible to a wider audience. From weekly instrument demonstrations to its flagship songwriting program for schools, Words & Music, the Country Music Hall of Fame honor was created in 1961 by the Country Music Association, the first inductees were Hank Williams, Jimmie Rodgers, and Fred Rose. Roy Acuff, the first living artist to join the Hall of Fame, was elected in 1962, the most recent inductees are Jerry Reed, Don Schlitz and Alan Jackson. Over the Hall of Fame’s history, the number of new members inducted each year has varied from one to twelve, the election procedure is as follows, A small CMA nominating committee drafts slates of candidates from each category, categories have been defined variously over the years. Award recipients are determined through a two-stage balloting process, the first round of voting narrows each category to five candidates, the second round selects winners. The large select committee of electors that votes on Hall of Fame membership is composed of CMA members who have participated in the music industry for at least ten years. New Hall of Fame members receive special recognition in ceremonies at the Country Music Hall of Fame, today the plaques are displayed in a seventy-foot-high rotunda at the museum’s enlarged downtown Nashville facility. The museum’s archival and library storage, allows for the cultivation of the museum’s collection, hundreds of historic musical instruments, featuring Mother Maybelle Carter’s Gibson L-5, Earl Scruggs’s banjo, Bob Wills’ fiddle, and Bill Monroe’s mandolin. Oral histories, scrapbooks, correspondence, fan club newsletters, sheet music, periodicals, iconic Vehicles, Elvis Presley’s 1960 “Solid Gold” Cadillac limousine, Webb Pierce’s 1962 Pontiac Bonneville convertible, and Jerry Reed’s 1980 Pontiac Trans Am from Smokey and the Bandit II. When viewed from the air, the forms a massive bass clef
23.
Hank Williams
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Hiram King Hank Williams, was an American singer-songwriter and musician. Born in Mount Olive, Butler County, Alabama, Williams moved to Georgiana, where he met Rufus Payne, Payne had a major influence on Williams later musical style, along with Roy Acuff and Ernest Tubb. During this time, Williams informally changed his name to Hank and he moved to Montgomery, where he began his music career in 1937, when producers at radio station WSFA hired him to perform and host a 15-minute program. He formed as backup the Drifting Cowboys band, which was managed by his mother, Williams eventually married Audrey Sheppard, who was his manager for nearly a decade. After recording Never Again and Honky Tonkin with Sterling Records, he signed a contract with MGM Records, in 1947 he released Move It on Over, which became a hit, and also joined the Louisiana Hayride radio program. One year later, he released a cover of Lovesick Blues, after an initial rejection, Williams joined the Grand Ole Opry. He was unable to read or notate music to any significant degree, among the hits he wrote were Your Cheatin Heart, Hey, Good Lookin, and Im So Lonesome I Could Cry. Several years of pain, alcoholism, and prescription drug abuse severely damaged Williams health. He divorced Sheppard and was dismissed by the Grand Ole Opry because of his unreliability, Williams died on New Years Day of 1953 at the age of 29, from heart failure exacerbated by pills and alcohol. Despite his short life, Williams had a influence on 20th-century popular music. The songs he wrote and recorded have been covered by artists and have been hits in various genres. He has been inducted into multiple halls of fame, such as the Country Music Hall of Fame, the Songwriters Hall of Fame. Williams was born in Butler County, Alabama, the son of Jessie Lillybelle Lillie and his parents married on November 12,1916. Hank Williams was of English ancestry, Elonzo Williams worked as an engineer for the railroads of the W. T. Smith lumber company. He was drafted during World War I, serving from July 1918 until June 1919 and he was severely injured after falling from a truck, breaking his collarbone and suffering a severe blow to the head. After his return, the familys first child, Irene, was born on August 8,1922, another son of theirs died shortly after birth. Their third child, Hiram, was born on September 17,1923, in Mount Olive. Since Elonzo Williams was a Mason, and his wife was a member of Order of the Eastern Star the child was named after Hiram I of Tyre, as a child, he was nicknamed Harm by his family and Herky or Poots by his friends
24.
George Jones
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George Glenn Jones was an American musician, singer and songwriter. He achieved international fame for his long list of hit records, including his best known song He Stopped Loving Her Today, as well as his distinctive voice, for the last 20 years of his life, Jones was frequently referred to as the greatest living country singer. Waylon Jennings expressed an opinion in his song Its Alright, If we all could sound like we wanted to. The shape of his nose and facial features earned Jones the nickname The Possum, born in Texas, Jones first heard country music when he was seven and was given a guitar at the age of nine. He married his first wife, Dorothy Bonvillion, in 1950 and he served in the United States Marine Corps and was discharged in 1953. He married Shirley Ann Corley in 1954, in 1959, Jones released a cover version of White Lightning by J. P. Richardson, which launched his career as a singer. His second marriage ended in divorce in 1968, he married country music singer Tammy Wynette a year later. Many years of alcoholism caused his health to deteriorate severely and led to his many performances. After his divorce from Wynette in 1975, Jones married his wife, Nancy Sepulvado, in 1983. Jones died in 2013, aged 81, from respiratory failure. During his career, Jones had more than 150 hits, both as a solo artist and in duets with other artists. George Glenn Jones was born on September 12,1931 in Saratoga, Texas and his father, George Washington Jones, worked in a shipyard and played harmonica and guitar while his mother, Clara, played piano in the Pentecostal Church on Sundays. During his delivery, one of the doctors dropped Jones and broke his arm, when he was seven, his parents bought a radio and he heard country music for the first time. But the opposite happened, he became a chronic singer and he became someone who had to sing. Daddy was an unusual drinker. He drank to excess but never while working, and he probably was the hardest working man Ive ever known. His father bought him his first guitar at age nine and he learned his first chords and songs at church and he left home at 16 and went to Jasper, Texas, where he sang and played on the KTXJ radio station with fellow musician Dalton Henderson. From there, he worked at the KRIC radio station, during one such afternoon show, Jones met his idol, Hank Williams. In the 1989 video documentary Same Ole Me, Jones admitted, I couldnt think or eat nothin unless it was Hank Williams and he had to be, really, the greatest
25.
Lefty Frizzell
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William Orville Frizzell, known as Lefty Frizzell, was an American country music singer-songwriter and honky-tonk singer. He gained prominence in 1950 after two hits, and throughout the decade was a very popular country performer. He smoothed out the edges of a honky tonk song by sounding out syllables longer. Because of this, his music become much more mainstream without losing its honky-tonk attitude, Frizzell is an influential artist in country music history. Among the artists he influenced are George Jones, Willie Nelson, Roy Orbison, The Everly Brothers, Keith Whitley, Merle Haggard and he laid a foundation for the many generations of country music performers that followed him. Because of this, he was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1982, though he started his career being influenced by other country musicians, in the 1950s Frizzell became one of country musics most well-known artists. After the death of Hank Williams in 1953, Frizzell released many songs that charted in the Top 10 of the Hot Country Songs charts and his success did not carry on into the 1960s, and after suffering from alcoholism, he died at age 47. William Orville Frizzell was born to the son of an oilman, during his childhood, his family moved to El Dorado in Union County in south Arkansas. As a child he was called Sonny, but later took the name Lefty and it is believed they called him Lefty because he had won a neighborhood fight, however it turned out that this tale was a part of a fake publicity stunt set up by his label. Frizzells largest influences included the blue yodeler Jimmie Rodgers and he began listening to Rodgers records as a boy. He began singing professionally before his teens, even earning a spot on the local radio-station KELD El Dorado, Frizzells teens were spent singing in nightclubs and radio and talent shows throughout the south. During his tour of Arkansas, Texas, New Mexico, and Las Vegas, he began to draw a style of his own, shaped from artists like Rodgers, Ernest Tubb, in 1947, the 19-year old Frizzell was arrested for having sex with an underage fan. He had been married only a year, and filled with guilt, he wrote poems to his wife from his cell, after release in late 1949, he was led away from music, and back to the oil fields with his father. However, soon he was performing in nightclubs again, by 1950, he had landed a regular job at the Big Spring, Texas nightclub Ace of Clubs where he developed a dedicated fan following. During a show there, Jim Beck, owner of a recording studio, was starting to take notice of Frizzell. Beck had deals with major record producing labels and maintained connections with the many publishers. Impressed with Frizzells performance, he invited him to make a demo at the studio. However, Columbia Records producer Don Law heard the cut and liked it, after hearing Lefty in concert, he signed the singer and recorded him for the first time
26.
Juvenile delinquency
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Juvenile delinquency, also known as juvenile offending, is participation in illegal behavior by minors. Most legal systems prescribe specific procedures for dealing with juveniles, such as detention centers. A juvenile delinquent in the United States is a person who is typically below 18 years of age, depending on the type and severity of the offense committed, it is possible for people under 18 to be charged and treated as adults. Juvenile crimes can range from status offenses, to property crimes, however, juvenile offending can be considered normative adolescent behavior. This is because most teens tend to offend by committing non-violent crimes, only once or a few times, repeated and/or violent offending is likely to lead to later and more violent offenses. When this happens, the offender often displayed antisocial behavior even before reaching adolescence, according to the developmental research of Moffitt, there are two different types of offenders that emerge in adolescence. Juvenile delinquency occurrences by males are largely disproportionate to the rate of occurrences by females and this great gap between the crimes reinforce the connotations of traditional masculinity to be the center of violence, aggression, and competition. This is largely based on the notion that as males, it is their duty to take what they feel they deserve through these means to define themselves and play the role of provider and independent figure. Because aggression is not a characteristic, it has caused more commotion when females perform crimes that are often attributed to males. The acts of delinquency begin with the expectations of their perceived roles through the direction of adults of both genders. Sandra Lee Bartky expresses these claims thoroughly in her work Foucault, Femininity, and the Modernization of Patriarchal Power by examining close observation of diction, action, and decorum. Boys learn to take as much space as possible when sitting, dress appropriately to stand out, thus, delinquent behavior is expressed as an outlet especially to those of lower socioeconomic backgrounds that cannot gain precedence through conventional means. Gender role for females is to become more unnoticeable, a follower that does not need to stand out, because of their condition to be more docile and dependent, the instinctive need to gain precedence is not as highly valued. Even respect comes in the form of different terms, as it is through how appropriately she conducts herself that seems innocent and this is also influenced by fellow peers such as mothers and other female figures apart from the authoritative male figure. In this instance, there is no need to urge to commit delinquency as the female is expected to rely on the male for his role as provider. It is through the act of needing to become dependent that enforces the feminine characteristics to seem as an alternative to delinquency, in fact, it has been largely stated that while masculinity induces such violent behavior, femininity is seen as the antithesis to delinquency. The answers were predominantly that males were to provide through aggressive terms, while females should be the more docile, the bipolarity assumption suggests that masculinity and femininity are opposites, and the assumption of unidimensionality implies that gender differences form a single scale. Interestingly, the impact of feminism has because the formation of a new trend as female delinquency has gone up
27.
Charlotte, North Carolina
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Charlotte /ˈʃɑːrlət/ is the largest city in the state of North Carolina. It is the county seat of Mecklenburg County and the second-largest city in the southeastern United States, just behind Jacksonville, Charlotte is the third-fastest growing major city in the United States. In 2014 the estimated population of Charlotte according to the U. S. Census Bureau was 809,958, the Charlotte metropolitan area ranks 22nd-largest in the U. S. and had a 2014 population of 2,380,314. The Charlotte metropolitan area is part of a sixteen-county market region or combined statistical area with a 2014 U. S. Census population estimate of 2,537,990, residents of Charlotte are referred to as Charlotteans. It is listed as a global city by the Globalization. Charlotte Douglas International Airport is an international hub, and was ranked the 23rd-busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic in 2013. Charlotte has a subtropical climate. The city is located several miles east of the Catawba River and southeast of Lake Norman, Lake Wylie and Mountain Island Lake are two smaller man-made lakes located near the city. The Catawba Native Americans were the first to settle Mecklenburg County and were first recorded in European records around 1567, by 1759 half the Catawba tribe had been killed by smallpox. At the time of their largest population, Catawba people numbered 10,000, Mecklenburg County was initially part of Bath County of New Hanover Precinct, which became New Hanover County in 1729. The western portion of New Hanover split into Bladen County in 1734, Mecklenburg County formed from Anson County in 1762. Further apportionment was made in 1792, with Cabarrus County formed from Mecklenburg and these areas were all part of one of the original six judicial/military districts of North Carolina known as the Salisbury District. The area that is now Charlotte was settled by people of European descent around 1755, Thomas Polk, who later married Thomas Spratts daughter, built his house by the intersection of two Native American trading paths between the Yadkin and Catawba rivers. One path ran north–south and was part of the Great Wagon Road, within decades of Polks settling, the area grew to become Charlotte Town, incorporating in 1768. The crossroads, perched atop the Piedmont landscape, became the heart of Uptown Charlotte, in 1770, surveyors marked the streets in a grid pattern for future development. The east–west trading path became Trade Street, and the Great Wagon Road became Tryon Street, in honor of William Tryon, the intersection of Trade and Tryon—commonly known today as Trade & Tryon, or simply The Square—is more properly called Independence Square. While surveying the boundary between the Carolinas in 1772, William Moultrie stopped in Charlotte Town, whose five or six houses were very ordinary built of logs, local leaders came together in 1775 and signed the Mecklenburg Resolves, more popularly known as the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence. While not a declaration of independence from British rule, it is among the first such declarations that eventually led to the American Revolution
28.
Nashville, Tennessee
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Nashville is the capital of the U. S. state of Tennessee and the county seat of Davidson County. It is located on the Cumberland River in the central part of the state. The city is a center for the music, healthcare, publishing, banking and transportation industries and it is known as a center of the country music industry, earning it the nickname Music City, U. S. A. Since 1963, Nashville has had a consolidated city-county government which includes six municipalities in a two-tier system. Nashville is governed by a mayor, vice-mayor, and 40-member Metropolitan Council, thirty-five of the members are elected from single-member districts, five are elected at-large. Reflecting the citys position in government, Nashville is home to the Tennessee Supreme Courts courthouse for Middle Tennessee. According to 2015 estimates from the U. S. Census Bureau, the balance population, which excludes semi-independent municipalities within Nashville, was 654,610. The 2015 population of the entire 13-county Nashville metropolitan area was 1,830,345, the 2015 population of the Nashville-Davidson–Murfreesboro–Columbia combined statistical area, a larger trade area, was 1,951,644. The town of Nashville was founded by James Robertson, John Donelson, and it was named for Francis Nash, the American Revolutionary War hero. Nashville quickly grew because of its location, accessibility as a port on the Cumberland River, a tributary of the Ohio River. By 1800, the city had 345 residents, including 136 African American slaves and 14 free blacks, in 1806, Nashville was incorporated as a city and became the county seat of Davidson County, Tennessee. In 1843, the city was named the permanent capital of the state of Tennessee, by 1860, when the first rumblings of secession began to be heard across the South, antebellum Nashville was a prosperous city. The citys significance as a port made it a desirable prize as a means of controlling important river. In February 1862, Nashville became the first state capital to fall to Union troops, the state was occupied by Union troops for the duration of the war. Within a few years after the Civil War, the Nashville chapter of the Ku Klux Klan was founded by Confederate veteran John W. Morton, meanwhile, the city had reclaimed its important shipping and trading position and developed a solid manufacturing base. The post–Civil War years of the late 19th century brought new prosperity to Nashville and these healthy economic times left the city with a legacy of grand classical-style buildings, which can still be seen around the downtown area. Circa 1950 the state approved a new city charter that provided for the election of city council members from single-member districts. This change was supported because at-large voting diluted the minority populations political power in the city and they could seldom gain a majority of the population to support a candidate of their choice
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Recording Industry Association of America
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The Recording Industry Association of America is a continental North and South American trade organization that represents the recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors, which the RIAA says create, the RIAA headquarters is in Washington, D. C. The RIAA was formed in 1952 and its original mission was to administer recording copyright fees and problems, work with trade unions, and do research relating to the record industry and government regulations. Early RIAA standards included the RIAA equalization curve, the format of the record groove and the dimensions of 33 1/3 rpm,45 rpm. Since 2001, the RIAA has spent $2 to $6 million each year on lobbying in the United States, the RIAA also participates in the collective rights management of sound recordings, and it is responsible for certifying Gold and Platinum albums and singles in the United States. Cary Sherman has been the RIAAs chairman and CEO since 2011, Sherman joined the RIAA as its general counsel in 1997 and became president of the board of directors in 2001, serving in that position until being made chairman and CEO. Mitch Glazier has been the RIAAs senior executive vice president since 2011 and he served as executive vice president for public policy and industry relations from 2000 to 2011. The past RIAA chairman and CEO is Mitch Bainwol, who served from 2003 to 2011 and he left in 2011 to become president and CEO of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers. The board of directors consists of 26 members of the board, the RIAA operates an award program for albums that sell a large number of copies. The program originally began in 1958, with a Gold Award for singles, the criterion was changed in 1975 to the number of copies sold, with albums selling 500,000 copies awarded the Gold Award. In 1976, a Platinum Award was added for one million sales, the awards are open to both RIAA members and non-members. Since 2000, the RIAA also operates a program for Latin music sales. Currently, a Disco De Oro is awarded for 30,000 units, the RIAA defines Latin music as a type of release with 51% or more of its content recorded in Spanish. In 2006, digital ringtones were added to branch of certification. In the same year, the RIAA introduced the Latin Digital Award for digital recordings in Spanish and this release format includes DVD and VHS releases, and certain live albums and compilation albums. The certification criteria is different from other styles. Gold,50,000 Platinum,100,000 Multi-Platinum,200,000 copies The RIAA opposes unauthorized sharing of its music, studies conducted since the association began its campaign against peer-to-peer file-sharing have concluded that losses incurred per download range from negligible to moderate. The association has commenced high-profile lawsuits against file sharing service providers and it has also commenced a series of lawsuits against individuals suspected of file sharing, notably college students and parents of file sharing children
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Always & Forever (Randy Travis album)
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Always & Forever is the second album by country music singer Randy Travis. It was released on April 4,1987 by Warner Bros, the track Whatll You Do About Me has been covered by several artists, including single releases by Steve Earle, The Forester Sisters and Doug Supernaw. I Told You So was covered by Carrie Underwood as a duet with Travis on her 2007 album Carnival Ride, pardo admits, however, that he has never seen Travis in concert
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Too Gone Too Long
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Too Gone Too Long is a song written by Gene Pistilli, and recorded by American country music artist Randy Travis. It was released in November 1987 as the single from his album Always & Forever. It peaked at number 1 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks and it also topped the Canadian RPM country Tracks chart. After a former love comes crawling back, the narrator tells her hes got a new love. Too Gone Too Long spent the week of March 12,1988 at the top of both country singles chart, lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
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I Told You So (Randy Travis song)
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I Told You So is a song written and recorded by American country music singer Randy Travis from his 1988 album, Always & Forever. It reached number one on the U. S. Billboard, Travis had first recorded it on his 1983 album Live at the Nashville Palace under his stage name Randy Ray. It became a hit and one of his most requested songs at the club. In 2007, the song was covered by Carrie Underwood on her album Carnival Ride and her version was released in February 2009 and was re-recorded and re-released in March as a duet with Travis. Underwoods and Traviss duet peaked at two on the U. S. country charts in 2009. I Told You So is a mid-tempo in which the narrator poses a hypothetical situation and he asks if she would say that she loves him, or simply laugh at and say I told you so because she has found someone else. Travis first recorded this for his 1983 Live at the Nashville Palace under this name at the time Randy Ray. It was a hit for him. Travis re-recorded it for his Always & Forever and released it as a single and his rendition was a Number One hit on the Billboard country charts, peaking in June 1988 and spending two weeks at that position. Randy Travis later recollected on Twittys response to the songs popularity. We were working shows with Conway after it was a #1 song for us, and he remembered it and it got to the point that every time hed see her coming hed say I dont want to hear it. Carrie Underwood released a version of the song on her 2007 album, Carnival Ride, it was the fifth. Her version of the song was featured on the album Now Thats What I Call Country Volume 2, Underwoods version has been certified Platinum by the RIAA. Matt Bjorke of Roughstock called the very much a welcomed addition to the charts. He also states that Underwood may over sing the title a bit in the chorus, kevin J. Engine 145 critic Brady Vercher gave Underwoods rendition a thumbs down rating, saying When she delivers the chorus she’s just a woman singing a song. Although technically proficient, it’s not very moving, a music video for the single was released February 12,2009 on CMT. com. It consists of Underwood performing the song at the Grand Ole Opry in a short, before the performance, she states that I Told You So has always been one of favorites growing up. After the performance, Randy Travis comes out from the back of the stage and he said he was going to perform that song that night, but after hearing Underwood, he decided not to
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Honky Tonk Moon
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Honky Tonk Moon is a song written by Dennis ORourke, and recorded by American country music artist Randy Travis. It was released in June 1988 as the lead off single from his album Old 8x10 and it became his seventh and fifth consecutive number 1 hit in the United States. It peaked at number 1 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart and its charting on the Canadian RPM country Tracks chart is unknown. The B-side of the 7 vinyl single, Young Guns, co-written by Randy Travis, has not been released on any of his albums, honky Tonk Moon spent one week beginning October 8,1988 at the top of The Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
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Deeper Than the Holler
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Deeper Than The Holler is a song written by Paul Overstreet and Don Schlitz, and recorded by American country music singer Randy Travis. It was released in November 1988 as the single from the album. The song was his eighth Number One single, and his sixth consecutive, deeper Than the Holler is a mid-tempo ballad in which the narrator describes his love for his woman. He starts by saying that hes heard many people sing about how they love their loved ones, the man then decides to sing his song about how he feels about his lover. In the second verse, the narrator sings on how there are at least a million songs that people love to sing about their true love. A3 CD single was released in Germany featuring the cover as I Told You So. The songs I Told You So,1982 and No Place Like Home were included. The song debuted at number 42 on the Hot Country Songs chart dated November 19,1988 and it charted for 18 weeks on that chart, and became Travis eighth Number One single on the country chart dated January 28,1989. In addition, it was his sixth consecutive Number One, lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
