1.
Single (music)
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
2.
S Club 7
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The group was formed in 1998 and quickly rose to fame by starring in their own BBC television series, Miami 7. They recorded four albums, released 11 singles and went on to sell over 10 million albums worldwide. The concept and brand of the group was created by Simon Fuller, also their manager through 19 Entertainment and their show lasted four series and saw the group travel across the US, eventually ending up in Barcelona. It became popular in 100 different countries where the show was watched by over 90 million viewers, as well as the popularity of their television series, S Club 7 won two BRIT Awards—in 2000 for British breakthrough act and in 2002, for best British single. In 2001, the group earned the Record of the Year award, Cattermole departed the group in 2002, citing creative differences, and the group changed their name from S Club 7 to simply S Club. Their penultimate single reached number five in the UK charts, following Cattermoles departure, the group fought many rumours presuming that they were about to split. However, on 21 April 2003, during a live onstage performance, after a five-year split, it was announced in October 2008 that OMeara, Cattermole, and McIntosh were to perform a mini-reunion tour. The tour consisted of a series of university and nightclub gigs, after OMeara, Cattermole and McIntosh reunited, rumours persisted that all the original members would reunite. In October 2014, it was confirmed that the lineup would reunite for the first time in over a decade for BBC Children in Need. Simon Fuller has commented that he came upon the concept of S Club 7 the day after he was fired by the Spice Girls in 1997. He selected the members for the group after auditioning from over 10,000 hopefuls, instead, two producers from 19 Management approached her and asked her to go into the studio to record a demo tape for Fuller. Both OMeara and Cattermole were spotted by producers from 19 and asked to audition, after the auditions had been advertised in The Stage, Lee, Spearritt, Barrett and McIntosh auditioned. After some final adjustments, including the removal of three members, S Club 7 was formed. Once the final line-up was decided, they flew to Italy to become acquainted with each other, speaking about this first meeting, Stevens remarked that the group felt comfortable with each other from the beginning. Several members of the group have stated that the S in S Club 7 stands for Simon, after the groups creator. The groups entry on the Popjustice website states that at one point they were nearly called Sugar Club instead of the name that stuck, another theory is that the group is so-named because S is the first letter of the word seven. McIntosh, in a December 2012 interview, said a lot of Simon Fullers success has been based on the number 19, therefore, as S is the 19th letter of the alphabet, the S was put into S Club 7. S Club 7 first came to attention in 1999, when they starred in their own television series
3.
7 (S Club 7 album)
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7 is the second studio album by British pop group S Club 7. It was released by Polydor Records on 12 June 2000, and 14 November 2000 in North America, the album was primarily produced by Cathy Dennis and Simon Ellis. The album peaked at number sixty-nine on the Billboard 200 albums chart and was certified gold, the only other part of the album that was changed was the overall theme. The blue feel of the first album was changed to a mixture of purples, the rest of the album, including the Thank Yous, remained unchanged. In February 2000, the won the British Breakthrough Act award at the 2000 BRIT Awards. In April 2000, S Clubs second TV series, L. A.7, was released, the series saw the group depart from Miami and move to Los Angeles to seek a record deal. It introduced the song Reach, another retro-styled uptempo track, which was co-written by Cathy Dennis, Reach was released as a single in May 2000 and reached number-two in the UK charts. It arguably became one of the groups most successful singles, paving the way for the second album,7 which was released on 12 June 2000. This album was a departure from the pop stylings of S Club. It reached number-one in the UK charts becoming certified Triple Platinum, the second single from the album, Natural, featured Stevens as lead vocalist. It reached number-three in September 2000, S Club 7 took an active part in promoting several different charities during their time as a band. As well as performing for Children in Need, the band launched, on 25 September 2000, in October 2000, they launched the annual Poppy Appeal Campaign with Dame Thora Hird and supported Woolworths Kids First Campaign throughout 1999 and 2000. Also during that time they filmed two specials, Artistic Differences and their Christmas Special. In November 2000, S Club 7 were invited to provide the song for the UKs BBC Children in Need Campaign 2000, so a new song. The song became popular in the US market eventually taking the group to appear on MTVs TRL to perform the song and chosen to appear at the Now Thats What I Call Music US Edition. After topping the UK charts in December 2000, the song was added to a re-release of the 7 album, along with new track. After the albums re-release, remixes by Solaris and Almighty were commissoned for Bring The House Down and this, along with the song being a fan favourite, indicated that the song was to be released as the next single. However, plans for this were scrapped and the decided to focus on the next album
4.
A-side and B-side
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The terms A-side and B-side refer to the two sides of 78,45, and 33 1/3 rpm phonograph records, whether singles, extended plays, or long-playing records. Creedence Clearwater Revival had hits with both A-side and B-side releases, others took the opposite approach, producer Phil Spector was in the habit of filling B-sides with on-the-spot instrumentals that no one would confuse with the A-side. With this practice, Spector was assured that airplay was focused on the side he wanted to be the hit side, the earliest 10-inch,78 rpm, shellac records were single sided. Double-sided recordings, with one song on side, were introduced in Europe by Columbia Records. There were no record charts until the 1930s, and radio stations did not play recorded music until the 1950s, in this time, A-sides and B-sides existed, but neither side was considered more important, the side did not convey anything about the content of the record. The term single came into use with the advent of vinyl records in the early 1950s. At first, most record labels would randomly assign which song would be an A-side, under this random system, many artists had so-called double-sided hits, where both songs on a record made one of the national sales charts, or would be featured on jukeboxes in public places. As time wore on, however, the convention for assigning songs to sides of the record changed. By the early sixties, the song on the A-side was the song that the company wanted radio stations to play. It was not until 1968, for instance, that the production of albums on a unit basis finally surpassed that of singles in the United Kingdom. In the late 1960s stereo versions of pop and rock songs began to appear on 45s. The majority of the 45s were played on AM radio stations, by the early 1970s, double-sided hits had become rare. Album sales had increased, and B-sides had become the side of the record where non-album, non-radio-friendly, with the advent of cassette and compact disc singles in the late 1980s, the A-side/B-side differentiation became much less meaningful. With the decline of cassette singles in the 1990s, the A-side/B-side dichotomy became virtually extinct, as the dominant medium. However, the term B-side is still used to refer to the tracks or coupling tracks on a CD single. With the advent of downloading music via the Internet, sales of CD singles and other media have declined. B-side songs may be released on the record as a single to provide extra value for money. There are several types of material released in this way, including a different version, or, in a concept record
5.
CD single
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This article is about the 12cm single. Not to be confused with 8cm single, the standard in the Red Book for the term CD single. A CD single is a single in the form of a standard size compact disc. It is not to be confused with the Mini CD single, the format was introduced in the mid-1980s but did not gain its place in the market until the early 1990s. With the rise in digital downloads in the early 2010s, sales of CD singles have decreased, commercially released CD singles can vary in length from two songs up to six songs like an EP. Some contain multiple mixes of one or more songs, in the tradition of 12 vinyl singles, depending on the nation, there may be limits on the number of songs and total length for sales to count in singles charts. Containing four tracks, it had a limited print run. CD singles were first made eligible for the UK Singles Chart in 1987, the Mini CD single format was originally created for use for singles in the late 1980s, but met with limited success, particularly in the US. The smaller CDs were more successful in Japan and have become more common in Europe. By 1989, the CD3 was in decline in the US and it was common in the 1990s for US record companies to release both a two-track CD and a multi-track maxi CD. In the UK, record companies would also release two CDs but, usually, these consisted of three tracks or more each. Pressure from record labels made singles charts in some countries become song charts, allowing album cuts to chart based only on airplay, without a single ever being released. At the end of the 1990s, the CD was the single format in the UK, but in the US. In Australia, the Herald Sun reported the CD single is set to become extinct, while CD singles no longer maintain their own section of the store, copies are still distributed but placed with the artists albums. That is predominantly the case for popular Australian artists such as Jessica Mauboy, Kylie Minogue and, most recently, Delta Goodrem, the ARIA Singles Chart are now predominantly compiled from legal downloads, and ARIA also stopped compiling their physical singles sales chart. On a Mission by Gabriella Cilmi was the last CD single to be stocked in Kmart, Target and Big W, sanity Entertainment, having resisted the decline for longer than the other major outlets, has also ceased selling CD singles. In Greece and Cyprus, the term CD single is used to describe a play in which there may be anywhere from three to six different tracks. These releases charted on the Greek Singles Chart with songs released as singles, in September 2003, there was talk of ringtones for mobile phones outstripping CD singles sales for the year 2004
6.
Cassette single
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A cassette single is a music single in the form of a Compact Cassette. Bow Wow Wows C·30 C·60 C·90 Go was the first cassette single released in the U. K. in 1980, records released the first cassette single in the U. S. with the Go-Gos Vacation in 1982. The ZTT label made good use of the format by 1984, with singles by Frankie Goes to Hollywood, Art of Noise, the format was used as a promotion in the 1990s, with Disney giving a cassingle to attendees of Hercules promotional events. Originally, most cassette singles were released in a sleeve that slipped over the outside of the release. This was then usually shrink wrapped in plastic, some singles contained one song on each side, much as 45s had done, but others repeated the songs on both sides. In some markets, cassette singles generally used the packaging as standard cassettes. As the cassette maxi-single was released, more intricate packaging was incorporated that looked similar to the packaging of a cassette release. These were placed in regular plastic cassette cases with a paper/cardstock insert, unlike a full-length cassette album, these were generally only one two-sided inlay instead of a fold-out. Maxi-singles usually contained four versions of a song, i. e. unique mixes & edits. In the U. S. cassette singles were completely phased out by the early 2000s, one reason for their lesser popularity was because they appeared to be an inefficient use of the media to consumers - a cassette single took up the same storage space as a full album
7.
London
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London /ˈlʌndən/ is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain and it was founded by the Romans, who named it Londinium. Londons ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its 1. 12-square-mile medieval boundaries. London is a global city in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism. It is crowned as the worlds largest financial centre and has the fifth- or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world, London is a world cultural capital. It is the worlds most-visited city as measured by international arrivals and has the worlds largest city airport system measured by passenger traffic, London is the worlds leading investment destination, hosting more international retailers and ultra high-net-worth individuals than any other city. Londons universities form the largest concentration of education institutes in Europe. In 2012, London became the first city to have hosted the modern Summer Olympic Games three times, London has a diverse range of people and cultures, and more than 300 languages are spoken in the region. Its estimated mid-2015 municipal population was 8,673,713, the largest of any city in the European Union, Londons urban area is the second most populous in the EU, after Paris, with 9,787,426 inhabitants at the 2011 census. The citys metropolitan area is the most populous in the EU with 13,879,757 inhabitants, the city-region therefore has a similar land area and population to that of the New York metropolitan area. London was the worlds most populous city from around 1831 to 1925, Other famous landmarks include Buckingham Palace, the London Eye, Piccadilly Circus, St Pauls Cathedral, Tower Bridge, Trafalgar Square, and The Shard. The London Underground is the oldest underground railway network in the world, the etymology of London is uncertain. It is an ancient name, found in sources from the 2nd century and it is recorded c.121 as Londinium, which points to Romano-British origin, and hand-written Roman tablets recovered in the city originating from AD 65/70-80 include the word Londinio. The earliest attempted explanation, now disregarded, is attributed to Geoffrey of Monmouth in Historia Regum Britanniae and this had it that the name originated from a supposed King Lud, who had allegedly taken over the city and named it Kaerlud. From 1898, it was accepted that the name was of Celtic origin and meant place belonging to a man called *Londinos. The ultimate difficulty lies in reconciling the Latin form Londinium with the modern Welsh Llundain, which should demand a form *lōndinion, from earlier *loundiniom. The possibility cannot be ruled out that the Welsh name was borrowed back in from English at a later date, and thus cannot be used as a basis from which to reconstruct the original name. Until 1889, the name London officially applied only to the City of London, two recent discoveries indicate probable very early settlements near the Thames in the London area
8.
England
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England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west, the Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east, the country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain in its centre and south, and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight. England became a state in the 10th century, and since the Age of Discovery. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the worlds first industrialised nation, Englands terrain mostly comprises low hills and plains, especially in central and southern England. However, there are uplands in the north and in the southwest, the capital is London, which is the largest metropolitan area in both the United Kingdom and the European Union. In 1801, Great Britain was united with the Kingdom of Ireland through another Act of Union to become the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In 1922 the Irish Free State seceded from the United Kingdom, leading to the latter being renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain, the name England is derived from the Old English name Englaland, which means land of the Angles. The Angles were one of the Germanic tribes that settled in Great Britain during the Early Middle Ages, the Angles came from the Angeln peninsula in the Bay of Kiel area of the Baltic Sea. The earliest recorded use of the term, as Engla londe, is in the ninth century translation into Old English of Bedes Ecclesiastical History of the English People. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, its spelling was first used in 1538. The earliest attested reference to the Angles occurs in the 1st-century work by Tacitus, Germania, the etymology of the tribal name itself is disputed by scholars, it has been suggested that it derives from the shape of the Angeln peninsula, an angular shape. An alternative name for England is Albion, the name Albion originally referred to the entire island of Great Britain. The nominally earliest record of the name appears in the Aristotelian Corpus, specifically the 4th century BC De Mundo, in it are two very large islands called Britannia, these are Albion and Ierne. But modern scholarly consensus ascribes De Mundo not to Aristotle but to Pseudo-Aristotle, the word Albion or insula Albionum has two possible origins. Albion is now applied to England in a poetic capacity. Another romantic name for England is Loegria, related to the Welsh word for England, Lloegr, the earliest known evidence of human presence in the area now known as England was that of Homo antecessor, dating to approximately 780,000 years ago. The oldest proto-human bones discovered in England date from 500,000 years ago, Modern humans are known to have inhabited the area during the Upper Paleolithic period, though permanent settlements were only established within the last 6,000 years
9.
Pop music
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Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid 1950s. The terms popular music and pop music are used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular. Pop and rock were synonymous terms until the late 1960s, when they were used in opposition from each other. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music. Pop music is eclectic, and often borrows elements from other such as urban, dance, rock, Latin. Identifying factors include generally short to medium-length songs written in a format, as well as the common use of repeated choruses, melodic tunes. David Hatch and Stephen Millward define pop music as a body of music which is distinguishable from popular, jazz, according to Pete Seeger, pop music is professional music which draws upon both folk music and fine arts music. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music, the music charts contain songs from a variety of sources, including classical, jazz, rock, and novelty songs. Pop music, as a genre, is seen as existing and developing separately, pop music continuously evolves along with the terms definition. The term pop song was first recorded as being used in 1926, Hatch and Millward indicate that many events in the history of recording in the 1920s can be seen as the birth of the modern pop music industry, including in country, blues and hillbilly music. The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that while pops earlier meaning meant concerts appealing to a wide audience. Since the late 1950s, however, pop has had the meaning of non-classical mus, usually in the form of songs, performed by such artists as the Beatles. Grove Music Online also states that, in the early 1960s pop music competed terminologically with beat music, while in the USA its coverage overlapped with that of rock and roll. From about 1967, the term was used in opposition to the term rock music. Whereas rock aspired to authenticity and an expansion of the possibilities of music, pop was more commercial, ephemeral. It is not driven by any significant ambition except profit and commercial reward, and, in musical terms, it is essentially conservative. It is, provided from on high rather than being made from below, pop is not a do-it-yourself music but is professionally produced and packaged. The beat and the melodies tend to be simple, with limited harmonic accompaniment, the lyrics of modern pop songs typically focus on simple themes – often love and romantic relationships – although there are notable exceptions
10.
Polydor Records
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Polydor is a British record label and company, that operates as part of Universal Music Group. It has a relationship with Universals Interscope Geffen A&M label. In turn, Polydor distributes Interscope releases in the United Kingdom, Polydor Records Ltd. was established in London in 1954 as a British subsidiary of German company Deutsche Grammophon GmbH. The Polydor label was founded on 2 April 1913 by German Polyphon-Musikwerke AG in Leipzig, during World War I on 24 April 1917, Polyphon-Musikwerke AG acquired the German Deutsche Grammophon-Aktiengesellschaft record plant and company from the German government. The German state was taken over Grammophon and the British holdings as enemies property during World War I, Polydor was originally an independent branch of the Polyphon-Grammophon-Konzern group. It was used as a label since 1924. The British and German branches of the Gramophone Company were so departed during World War I, in turn, Deutsche Grammophon records exported from Germany were released on the Polyphon Musik and Polydor labels. The new foreign branches were founded for example into Austria, Denmark, Sweden, Polydor became a popular music label in 1946, while the new Deutsche Grammophon Gesellschaft label was to become a classical music label in 1949. The previously used label, Grammophon, was disbanded, DGG gave, with an agreement dated 5 July 1949, an exclusive license from 1 July 1951 to use the Nipper-dog with gramophone to the original owners company Electrola, the German branch of EMI. In 1970, Polydor acquired the Hong Kong-based Diamond Records, which had owned and founded by the local Portuguese merchant Ren da Silva in the late 1950s. In 1972, The Grammophon-Philips Group reorganized to create PolyGram, the Polydor label continued to run as a subsidiary label under the new company. The name PolyGram is a portmanteau of Polydor and PhonoGram, into the 1980s, Polydor continued to do respectable business, in spite of becoming increasingly overshadowed by its PolyGram sister label Mercury Records. Polydor took over management of British Deccas pop catalog, A&R manager Frank Neilson was able to score a major top ten hit in March 1981 for the label with Do The Hucklebuck by Coast to Coast as well as signing Ian Dury and Billy Fury to the company. In 1984, the name was parodied in the rockumentary film This Is Spinal Tap. By the early 1990s, Polydor had begun to underperform, in 1994, as Island Records recovered from its sales slump, PolyGram dissolved most of PLG into it. Meanwhile, Polydor Records and Atlas Records merged, briefly called Polydor/Atlas, in 1995, Polydor/Atlas became simply Polydor Records again. Over the next few years, Polydor tried to keep itself afloat with new artist signings, new releases, in 1998, PolyGram was purchased by Seagram and absorbed into its Universal Music Group. Today, in America, the Polydor Records name and logo is used on reissues of older material from its 1960s and 1970s heyday
11.
Songwriter
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A songwriter is an individual who writes the lyrics, melodies and chord progressions for songs, typically for a popular music genre such as rock or country music. A songwriter can also be called a composer, although the term tends to be used mainly for individuals from the classical music genre. The pressure from the industry to produce popular hits means that songwriting is often an activity for which the tasks are distributed between a number of people. For example, a songwriter who excels at writing lyrics might be paired with a songwriter with a gift for creating original melodies, pop songs may be written by group members from the band or by staff writers – songwriters directly employed by music publishers. Some songwriters serve as their own publishers, while others have outside publishers. The old-style apprenticeship approach to learning how to write songs is being supplemented by university degrees and college diplomas, a knowledge of modern music technology, songwriting elements and business skills are necessary requirements to make a songwriting career in the 2010s. Several music colleges offer songwriting diplomas and degrees with music business modules, the legal power to grant these permissions may be bought, sold or transferred. This is governed by international copyright law, song pitching can be done on a songwriters behalf by their publisher or independently using tip sheets like RowFax, the MusicRow publication and SongQuarters. Skills associated with song-writing include entrepreneurism and creativity, songwriters who sign an exclusive songwriting agreement with a publisher are called staff writers. In the Nashville country music scene, there is a staff writer culture where contracted writers work normal 9-to-5 hours at the publishing office and are paid a regular salary. This salary is in effect the writers draw, an advance on future earnings, the publisher owns the copyright of songs written during the term of the agreement for a designated period, after which the songwriter can reclaim the copyright. In an interview with HitQuarters, songwriter Dave Berg extolled the benefits of the set-up, unlike contracted writers, some staff writers operate as employees for their respective publishers. Under the terms of work for hire agreements, the compositions created are fully owned by the publisher. In Nashville, young writers are often encouraged to avoid these types of contracts. Staff writers are common across the industry, but without the more office-like working arrangements favored in Nashville. All the major publishers employ writers under contract, songwriter Allan Eshuijs described his staff writer contract at Universal Music Publishing as a starter deal. His success under the arrangement eventually allowed him to found his own publishing company, so that he could. keep as much as possible, songwriters are also often skilled musicians. In addition to selling their songs and musical concepts for other artists to sing, songwriters need to create a number of elements for a song
12.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
13.
You're My Number One
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Youre My Number One is a song by S Club 7, released as the fourth and final single from the bands debut album, S Club on 13 December 1999. In the UK, the single was released as a double A-side with Two in a Million and it was the first S Club 7 single to be released as a double A-side, later followed by Say Goodbye and Love Aint Gonna Wait for You in 2003. Youre My Number One is described as a fun up-tempo retro number, Youre My Number One is an upbeat, retro-styled song about a person questioning what love is to them. They feel that if love is what they are feeling, then they have to tell the person they like that theyre their number one, in that nobody else is right for them. The Miami 7 version of the song is different from the version, as it contains a heavier drum track, features multilayered vocals from Jo in the chorus. The single contains an exclusive B-side, Down at Club S and it is very much in a similar style to Youre My Number One, and was co-written by Simon Franglen and Angela Lupino, who also wrote Gonna Change the World for the group. The single also includes a version of Two in a Million known as the 2000 version. Like Two in a Million, the video for the song was shot in New York. Throughout, S Club 7 are performing a routine in front of a white background. Halfway through the video, the group partake in a foam fight, towards the end, the band are joined by many more dancers who perform the same hand jive-esque routine until the end of the music video. In an interview, McIntosh recalls that each member was brought a selection of outfits to choose from to wear in the video, but he was brought one outfit to wear. The video has gained one million views on YouTube as of 11 September 2014. UK double A-side CD Youre My Number One Two in a Million Down at Club S Youre My Number One
14.
Natural (S Club 7 song)
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Natural is a song by English pop group S Club 7. It was released on 11 September 2000 as the single and it is a slow R&B oriented ballad with Rachel Stevens singing lead vocals. The track was written by Cathy Dennis, Jean Fredenucci, Norma Ray and it is an English cover of French singer Norma Rays late 90s hit Tous Les Maux DAmour, both which sample Gabriel Faurés Pavane. Natural, S Club 7s fifth single, features Rachel Stevens as lead vocals and it describes love for an individual as a natural occurrence. There are also three different versions of the song, the album version, included on the original release of 7, features a R&B style production. The single version is mixed with pop music themes, including the use of a vocoder. The video version is identical to the version, except it features extra adlib vocals from Rachel. The video version has never had a commercial release, the official music video, directed by Andy Morahan, features the group on a tropical beach. The video progresses to show the men fish in the water as the women observe from the beach while sunbathing, the video was filmed and directed in Malibu Sales, United Kingdom-128,459
15.
Republica
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Republica are an English alternative rock band, formed in 1994. The height of their popularity spanned from 1996 to 1999, the current line-up consists of Saffron, Tim Dorney, Johnny Male, Conor Lawrence. The Republica sound was described by the band as punk rock. The band went on hiatus in 2001 and reunited in 2008, Republica are best known for their hit single, Ready to Go. Former Flowered Up keyboard player Tim Dorney and Andy Todd founded Republica, the Nigerian-born Saffron was an actress at one point, performing for two years in Londons Starlight Express. She also appeared in the video for the Chesney Hawkes hit The One and Only and she was also lead vocalist on N-Jois hit Anthem in 1990. Republica released the first single Out of This World in 1994 and their debut album Republica was released in July 1996 and reached No.4 in the charts. Their signature single Ready to Go with two different music videos peaked at No.13 in UK Singles Chart, the fourth single Drop Dead Gorgeous ranked No.7 in UK Singles Chart. The group attracted positive press coverage, emerging after a wave of female-fronted rock bands, they had, like Garbage, a notably more aggressive and electronic sound. In 1997 Saffron performed vocals for The Prodigys Fuel My Fire from their album The Fat of the Land, the second album, Speed Ballads, was released in 1998 and reached No.37 in UK Albums Chart. Its lead single, From Rush Hour With Love, peaked at No.20 in UK Singles Chart, the band suffered when their label, Deconstruction Records, folded shortly after the release of Speed Ballads. Deconstructions back catalogue was swallowed up by BMG and Speed Ballads was never released in the United States, in 2001 the band went on hiatus. On their official site it was posted the message Republica are not recording at this time, in 2002 BMG released the compilation Ready to Go, The Best Of against the bands wishes. After the band went on hiatus, Saffron worked with The Cure and she also collaborated with Junkie XL for his 2003 album Radio JXL, A Broadcast from the Computer Hell Cabin. In September 2008 Republica reunited at Windsor at a Contra Mundum concert and they played Ready to Go, Drop Dead Gorgeous and a cover of You Got the Love. In early 2010, pictures appeared on the bands official Facebook page showing the band rehearsing in a studio, in the same year Republica performed a string of gigs. They also issued a version of Ready to Go entitled Ready to Go 2010. In June 2010 the remix was released and reached No.1 on the Upfront Club chart, the track has been produced by Andy Gray and Alan Moulder
16.
It Feels So Good
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It Feels So Good is a song by British singer Sonique. It was first released in December 1998 and peaked at twenty four on the UK Singles Chart, and then it was re-released in May 2000. The song remained in the top forty for fourteen weeks, and it has sold over 700,000 copies in the UK as of October 2014. Sonique said of the song, Its about this guy whom I really liked years ago, for he was very successful and I wasnt — at that time. And he thought that I was in love with his success and this song is just a way of declaring that it was him I liked. One of two videos was directed by Tim Story and premiered in February 2000
17.
CBBC
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CBBC is a BBC childrens television strand aimed for older children aged from 6 to 12. BBC programming aimed at under six year old children is broadcast on the CBeebies channel, CBBC broadcasts from 7 am to 9 pm on the digital CBBC Channel, available on most UK digital platforms. CBBC programmes were also broadcast in high definition alongside other BBC content on BBC HD, generally at afternoons on weekends and this ended when BBC HD closed on 26 March 2013, but CBBC HD launched on 10 December 2013. BBC-produced childrens programming, in languages of Scotland and Wales, also airs on BBC Alba. The BBC has produced and broadcast television programmes for children since the 1930s, the first children-specific strand on BBC television was For the Children, first broadcast on what was then the single BBC Television Service on Saturday 24 April 1937, it was only ten minutes long. It lasted for two years before being taken off air when the service closed due to the Second World War in September 1939, the 1964 launch of BBC Two allowed additional room for childrens programming with an edition of Play School technically being the first official programme. On 1 October 1980, Watch with Mother was replaced by See-Saw, meanwhile, weekday afternoon childrens programmes on BBC One were introduced by the usually off-screen continuity announcer, though often specially-designed menus and captions would be used. On 9 September 1985, this block of childrens programming was rebranded as Childrens BBC, and for the first time the childrens block had dedicated idents. Previously the BBC had broadcast childrens programming using BBC1s team of regular duty announcers, the launch presenter for this block, and thus the first Childrens BBC presenter of the current format, was Phillip Schofield. During the 1990s, Childrens BBC began to be referred to informally on-air as CBBC, the official billing name of Childrens BBC remained in place, however, until the BBCs network-wide branding refresh of October 1997, when the official on-air branding changed to CBBC. From 1996 to 1999, CBBC programmes were shown on the channel Nickelodeon, in 2002, the launch of the CBBC Channel and the CBeebies Channel saw a wide variety of programmes, both new and archive, being shown again on the new channels from 6/7 am until 7pm. Ms Jowell responded that it was the Governments job to develop a charter for the BBC, and then the BBCs job to determine standards of taste, decency and appropriateness. In 2009, a report published by the BBC Trust found that changes which took place in February 2008. It was found that the majority of viewers watched the programmes on these channels already. Childrens programming on BBC One ended on 21 December 2012 with the CBeebies morning strand on BBC Two ending on 4 January 2013, the two new hours are aimed towards an older youth audience. On 14 March 2016, CBBC unveiled a new logo and on-air presentation, featuring an abstract, CBBC controller Cheryl Taylo stated that the new brand was designed to be fun and unpredictable and would appeal to both ends of our broad age spectrum. The logo was meant to be suitable for use across digital platforms. On 11 April 2016, CBBC officially extended its broadcast day to be from 7,00 a. m. to 9,00 p. m. CBBC is operated by the BBC Childrens division, part of BBC North
18.
L.A. 7
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L. A.7 was the second series in the BBC television series, starring British pop group S Club 7. The programme was shown every week on CBBC, from 6 April 2000 to 6 July 2000, the series featured star from The Exorcist, Linda Blair as Joni, their landlord. Like Miami 7, the show was renamed S Club 7 in L. A. and was shown on Fox Family in the United States, United Kingdom reruns of the show were occasionally aired, along with Miami 7, on now-defunct cable channel Play UK. A. After leaving Howard and Marvin in Miami, the group bump into Joni who offers to rent them an apartment after she runs over Bradley on her rollerblades. Once in Los Angeles, the group have to deal with some of the realities of trying to seek an existence in order to become a pop band. They also start to become more Americanized, in the final episode, they decide to pack up and hit the road after their manager apparently fails to get them a record deal. L. A.7 was released on video in 2000 and it was released both as three individual cassettes or in a Complete Boxset containing all thirteen episodes. Unlike Miami 7, this series was never released in the United States on video, L. A.7 at the Internet Movie Database L. A.7 at TV. com
19.
Official Charts Company
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The OCC is operated jointly by the British Phonographic Industry and the Entertainment Retailers Association. Since 1 July 1997, CIN and then the OCC have compiled the official charts, prior to this date, the charts were produced by a succession of market research companies, beginning with the British Market Research Bureau in 1969, and later by Gallup. All of the OCCs charts are published weekly on Friday nights, from 3 August 1969 until 5 July 2015, the chart week ran from Sunday to Saturday. Genre-specific charts include UK Dance Chart, UK Indie Chart, UK R&B Chart, UK Rock Chart, the Scottish Singles and Albums Charts ― and the former Welsh Singles and Albums Chart ― appears in listings within the Official Charts Company. It is a regional listing reflecting how sales towards the UK Singles Chart, the Welsh Singles and Album Chart served the same purpose in Wales. It also charts the UK DVD Chart and UK Budget Album Chart, while their music charts are now Friday to Thursday, their video charts remain Sunday to Saturday. On 5 September 2008, the Official UK Charts Company rebranded itself as the Official Charts Company and it later dropped the word Company and became just Official Charts. From May 2012, a new chart was launched – the Official Streaming Chart and this counts audio streams from streaming services Spotify, Deezer, Blinkbox Music, Napster, amongst others. In April 2015, the UKs first vinyl record chart was launched by the Official Charts Company due to the surge of interest in the sector. The chart was launched following the growth of the sector in the UK for the year in a row. Beginning in 2017 the Official Charts Company changed its methodology for calculating the Top 40, prior to January 2017,100 streams counted as one sale of a song. From January onward, the ratio became 150,1, UK Albums Chart UK Singles Chart UK Video Charts UK Singles Downloads Chart UK Album Downloads Chart British Phonographic Industry Official Charts Company website
20.
Almighty Records
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Almighty Records is an English electronic dance music record label established in 1989. Almighty Records specialises in pop song remixes, dance-pop, and hi-NRG, Almighty Records sublabels include Blast Records, Daisy Chain, East Side Records, Euphoric, Unit 4 Productions. Starting its life as a stall just off the dance-floor of Bromptons in Earls Court, one of Londons historic night clubs, its mission has always been devoted to DJs, dancers. Chosen because the original label, EMI, had allowed the extended version of that song go out of production, while club-goers still wanted to dance to it. Almightys policy of not identifying its singers birth names is down to the belief that faces and names arent important, by 1992 Almighty had enjoyed notable success thanks in part to their cover versions of ABBA tracks under the guise Abbacadabra. It was at point that label boss Martyn Norris decided to give up his job. Almighty Records has been successful with various projects over the years, remaking almost all ABBA songs, including a track recorded, but unreleased by ABBA called Just Like That. To date, Almighty have produced 5 albums and over 10 singles under the Abbacadabra project name, which has sold more than 250,000 units for the label. However, the project which has been the most successful internationally for Almighty is the Queer as Folk CD soundtrack which went gold within one month of going on sale in March 1999 in the UK. It was the success of album which prompted Channel 4 to launch their own music division when the second series of Queer As Folk was made – an international franchise which is still around today. To celebrate their success, Almighty released an album called A Decade Of Dance. Since it started, 90% of the music shops Almighty dealt with all over the world have closed, customers choose now to buy their CDs online or as a digital download from an online store such as Almightys own shop or from Amazon. However, physical product sales still count for two-thirds of the business from their own online store. In 2009, the label celebrated its 20th anniversary and in early 2010 released Almighty and this collection spans two decades, and includes all the tracks that in 2010 still remain Almightys very best sellers over the full twenty years. The manufactured album is megamixed with 20 tracks on each disc – disc one from 2000–2010 and it wasnt until 2004 when, in a change of direction for the label, Almighty stopped actively soliciting their remix services to record companies and closed their studio complex. com. Recently some Almighty Productions have also made available on Beatport. 2010 is the first year that Almighty products have made available in the US. Not all of Almightys productions are available on release, however fans can become members of the Almighty Club
21.
Australia
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Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the worlds sixth-largest country by total area, the neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east, and New Zealand to the south-east. Australias capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney, for about 50,000 years before the first British settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who spoke languages classifiable into roughly 250 groups. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades, and by the 1850s most of the continent had been explored, on 1 January 1901, the six colonies federated, forming the Commonwealth of Australia. Australia has since maintained a liberal democratic political system that functions as a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy comprising six states. The population of 24 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard, Australia has the worlds 13th-largest economy and ninth-highest per capita income. With the second-highest human development index globally, the country highly in quality of life, health, education, economic freedom. The name Australia is derived from the Latin Terra Australis a name used for putative lands in the southern hemisphere since ancient times, the Dutch adjectival form Australische was used in a Dutch book in Batavia in 1638, to refer to the newly discovered lands to the south. On 12 December 1817, Macquarie recommended to the Colonial Office that it be formally adopted, in 1824, the Admiralty agreed that the continent should be known officially as Australia. The first official published use of the term Australia came with the 1830 publication of The Australia Directory and these first inhabitants may have been ancestors of modern Indigenous Australians. The Torres Strait Islanders, ethnically Melanesian, were originally horticulturists, the northern coasts and waters of Australia were visited sporadically by fishermen from Maritime Southeast Asia. The first recorded European sighting of the Australian mainland, and the first recorded European landfall on the Australian continent, are attributed to the Dutch. The first ship and crew to chart the Australian coast and meet with Aboriginal people was the Duyfken captained by Dutch navigator, Willem Janszoon. He sighted the coast of Cape York Peninsula in early 1606, the Dutch charted the whole of the western and northern coastlines and named the island continent New Holland during the 17th century, but made no attempt at settlement. William Dampier, an English explorer and privateer, landed on the north-west coast of New Holland in 1688, in 1770, James Cook sailed along and mapped the east coast, which he named New South Wales and claimed for Great Britain. The first settlement led to the foundation of Sydney, and the exploration, a British settlement was established in Van Diemens Land, now known as Tasmania, in 1803, and it became a separate colony in 1825. The United Kingdom formally claimed the part of Western Australia in 1828. Separate colonies were carved from parts of New South Wales, South Australia in 1836, Victoria in 1851, the Northern Territory was founded in 1911 when it was excised from South Australia
22.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
23.
Pepsi
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Pepsi is a carbonated soft drink produced and manufactured by PepsiCo. Originally created and developed in 1893 and introduced as Brads Drink, it was renamed as Pepsi-Cola on August 28,1898 and it is currently known in North America alternatively as Pepsi-Cola as of 2014. The drink Pepsi was first introduced as Brads Drink in New Bern, North Carolina, United States, in 1893 by Caleb Bradham and it was renamed Pepsi Cola in 1898 after the root of the word dyspepsia and the kola nuts used in the recipe. The original recipe also included sugar and vanilla, Bradham sought to create a fountain drink that was appealing and would aid in digestion and boost energy. In 1903, Bradham moved the bottling of Pepsi-Cola from his drugstore to a rented warehouse and that year, Bradham sold 7,968 gallons of syrup. The next year, Pepsi was sold in bottles. In 1909, automobile race pioneer Barney Oldfield was the first celebrity to endorse Pepsi-Cola, describing it as A bully drink. refreshing, invigorating, the advertising theme Delicious and Healthful was then used over the next two decades. In 1926, Pepsi received its first logo redesign since the design of 1905. In 1929, the logo was changed again, assets were sold and Roy C. Megargel bought the Pepsi trademark. Megargel was unsuccessful, and soon Pepsis assets were purchased by Charles Guth, Loft was a candy manufacturer with retail stores that contained soda fountains. He sought to replace Coca-Cola at his stores fountains after Coke refused to him a discount on syrup. Guth then had Lofts chemists reformulate the Pepsi-Cola syrup formula, on three separate occasions between 1922 and 1933, The Coca-Cola Company was offered the opportunity to purchase the Pepsi-Cola company, and it declined on each occasion. The original trademark application for Pepsi-Cola was filed on September 23,1902 with registration approved on June 16,1903, in the applications statement, Caleb Bradham describes the trademark and indicated that the mark was in continuous use for his business since August 1,1901. The Pepsi-Colas description is a syrup for soda water. The trademark expired on April 15,1904, a second Pepsi-Cola trademark is on record with the USPTO. The federal status for the 1905 trademark is registered and renewed and is owned by PepsiCo of Purchase, in 2014, the 1940 wordmark was used again and replacing the current wordmark on many cans. During the Great Depression, Pepsi gained popularity following the introduction in 1936 of a 12-ounce bottle, coming at a time of economic crisis, the campaign succeeded in boosting Pepsis status. From 1936 to 1938, Pepsi-Colas profits doubled, Pepsis success under Guth came while the Loft Candy business was faltering
24.
Littlerock, California
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Littlerock is a census-designated place in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The population was 1,377 at the 2010 census, down from 1,402 at the 2000 census, the Littlerock, and Sun Village community, which is typically referred to as Littlerock, has a population around 15,000. According to the Greater Antelope Valley Economic Alliance report of 2009, the Palmdale / Lancaster urban area has a population of 483,998, Littlerock is named after the Little Rock Wash that passes through the area and is known as The Fruit Basket of the Antelope Valley. There were orchards of fruit such as almonds, apples, peaches. Littlerock is located 11 miles southeast of Palmdales Civic Center and it is surrounded by Palmdale to the northwest, Pearblossom to the southeast, Sun Village to the north, and the San Gabriel Mountains to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Littlerock has an area of 1.8 square miles. The 2010 United States Census reported that Littlerock had a population of 1,377, the population density was 747.0 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Littlerock was 808 White,75 African American,16 Native American,24 Asian,11 Pacific Islander,373 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 745 persons. The Census reported that 1,375 people lived in households,2 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 28 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 4 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 77 households were made up of individuals and 24 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 3.30. There were 319 families, the family size was 3.69. The median age was 32.3 years, for every 100 females there were 98.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.1 males, there were 461 housing units at an average density of 250.1 per square mile, of which 269 were owner-occupied, and 148 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2. 5%, the vacancy rate was 10. 3%. 867 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 508 people lived in housing units. According to the 2010 United States Census, Littlerock had a household income of $42,617. As of the census of 2000, there were 1,402 people,426 households, the population density was 967.3 inhabitants per square mile. There were 470 housing units at a density of 324.3 per square mile
25.
California
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California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its war for independence. The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California, the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom. If it were a country, California would be the 6th largest economy in the world, fifty-eight percent of the states economy is centered on finance, government, real estate services, technology, and professional, scientific and technical business services. Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the states economy, the story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts. This conventional wisdom that California was an island, with maps drawn to reflect this belief, shortened forms of the states name include CA, Cal. Calif. and US-CA. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, various estimates of the native population range from 100,000 to 300,000. The Indigenous peoples of California included more than 70 distinct groups of Native Americans, ranging from large, settled populations living on the coast to groups in the interior. California groups also were diverse in their organization with bands, tribes, villages. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups, the first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed a portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila galleons on their trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565
26.
ARIA Charts
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The ARIA Charts are the main Australian music sales charts, issued weekly by the Australian Recording Industry Association. The charts are a record of the highest selling singles and albums in various genres in Australia, ARIA became the official Australian music chart in June 1988, succeeding the Kent Music Report which had been Australias national charts since 1974. The Go-Set charts were Australias first national singles and albums charts published from 5 October 1966 until 24 August 1974, succeeding Go-Set, the Kent Music Report began issuing the national top 100 charts in Australia from May 1974. The compiler, David Kent, also published Australias national charts from 1940–1974 in a retrospective fashion using state based data, in mid 1983, the Australian Recording Industry Association commenced licensing the Kent Music Report chart. The first printed national top 50 chart available in record stores, ARIA began compiling its own charts in-house from the chart dated week ending 26 June 1988. Various artists compilation albums were included in the albums chart, as they had been on the Kent Report chart, until 2 July 1989. The ARIA Report, detailing the top 100 singles and albums charts, was first available via subscription in January 1990, the printed top 50 chart ceased publication in June 1998, but resumed publication later in the year. The printed top 50 chart again ceased publication at the end of 2000, the ARIA charts are based on data collected from physical and digital retailers in Australia. Data of physical sales come from such as Sanity and JB Hi-Fi, while data of digital sales come from online retailers such as iTunes, Bandit FM, GetMusic. Since 17 February 1997, all physical sales data contributing towards the chart has been recorded electronically at point of sale. In March 1991, Do the Bartman by The Simpsons was the first single to reach #1 in Australia that was not available on 7 inch vinyl, but cassingle only. Starting from 8 October 2006, due to low physical single sales at the time, in 2006, it was announced that the Brazin retailing group, comprising major retailers HMV, Sanity and Virgin music/DVD stores would no longer contribute sales data to the ARIA charts. However, after an absence, Brazin reportedly re-commenced contributing sales figures to the ARIA Charts on 26 November 2006. The ARIA website publishes the top 50 singles and albums charts, top 40 digital tracks chart, the ARIA Report lists all charts in full and is available via paid e-mail subscription each week. These reports are uploaded to the Pandora Archive periodically, on 5 February 2006, the ARIA Chart Show was a radio program launched on the Nova network and broadcast throughout Australia, playing the official ARIA top 50 singles. The live music program was hosted by Jabba each Sunday afternoon at 3, the show was aired before the top 50 chart, dated for the following Monday, is published on the ARIA website at 6,00 pm. The charts were published online at 6,00 pm each Sunday. The diamond certification was created for albums in November 2015 to mark 500,000 sales/shipments, for music DVDs, a gold accreditation originally represented 7,500 copies shipped, with a platinum accreditation representing 15,000 units shipped. co. uk
27.
GfK Entertainment Charts
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The GfK Entertainment Charts are the official music charts in Germany and are gathered and published by GfK Entertainment GmbH on behalf of Bundesverband Musikindustrie. Following a lawsuit in March 2014 by Media Control AG, Media Control® GfK International had to change its name, dissemination of the charts is conducted by various media outlets, some of which include VIVA music channel, and the Swiss charts website. Other entities that present the charts are MusicLoad and MIX1, furthermore, GfK Entertainment also runs a dedicated website providing chart-related news and access to most of the charts. Charts have been published in Germany since 1959, in a magazine called Der Musikmarkt, since 1959, the growing desire to have a well-developed music program has made Bundesverband Musikindustrie work together with charts providers to improve the way the charts are determined. For this purpose, different research institutes were tested, out of which Media Control, hence, the first official charts were made available in the magazine Der Musikmarkt in September 1977. Initially, there used to be 50 positions only, which later in January 1980, was extended to 75 slots, since 1989, however, GfK Entertainment has adapted the international standards providing 100 positions, now called Offizielle Top 100 Charts. In 2001, the Top-100 singles charts was modified to reflect the sales of the singles, Media Control developed Music Video charts in 2001, which later, in 2004, was renamed as DVD charts. While music-videos have their own charts, in 2001, GfK Entertainment made it possible for the music-video singles to have the ability to enter the Top-100 singles chart. Similarly, in 2002, it was available for music-video albums to chart on the Top-100 album chart. If not, then, the DVD album could qualify for the DVD chart only, in the same vein, if an audio CD contains at least 50% of video recording, then, it could qualify to chart on the DVD chart. In 2003, Media Control joined forces with GfK, thus the name officially being changed to Media Control GfK International GmbH. In 2004, Germany became one of the first music markets wherein sales charts were reflected by online digital downloads, digital-only releases came into existence on 13 July 2007, for online downloads only, which also altered the way the sales figures were conducted up to that point. Consequently, chart positions would no longer be affected by the number of music downloads as before. Thus, the albums would not necessarily be the ones ending up in the number-one position on the charts. In March 2014, GfK announced that the official chart providers name in Germany will change from Media Control GfK International GmbH to GfK Entertainment, there are currently 3,000 outlets that report their sales on weekly bases in Germany. The weekly sales data is transmitted to GfK Entertainment via communication network channel and this is the list of categories, for each of which charts are provided by GfK Entertainment
28.
British Phonographic Industry
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The BPI Limited, commonly known as the British Phonographic Industry or BPI, is the British recorded music industrys trade association. Its membership comprises hundreds of companies including all three major record companies in the UK, and hundreds of independent music labels and small to medium-sized music businesses. It has represented the interests of British record companies since being formally incorporated in 1973 when the aim was to promote British music. In 2007, the legal name was changed from British Phonographic Industry Limited. It founded the annual BRIT Awards for the British music industry in 1977, the organizing company, BRIT Awards Limited, is a fully owned subsidiary of the BPI. Proceeds from both shows go to the BRIT Trust, the arm of the BPI that has donated almost £15m to charitable causes nationwide since its foundation in 1989. In September 2013, the BPI presented the first ever BRITs Icon Award to Sir Elton John, the BPI also endorsed the launch of the Mercury Prize for the Album of the Year in 1992. In September 2008, the BPI became one of the members of UK Music. The BRIT Trust is the music charity actively supporting all types of education across the entire spectrum of music. Through the projects it supports, which include Nordoff-Robbins Music Therapy and the BRIT School, proceeds from the BRIT Awards and the Classic BRITs shows go to the BRIT Trust, which has donated almost £15m to charitable causes nationwide since its foundation. Opened in September 1991, the BRIT School is a joint venture between The BRIT Trust and the Department for Education and Skills, based at Selhurst in Croydon, the school is the only non fee-paying performing arts school in the UK. It teaches up to 1,100 students each year aged from 14–19 years in music, dance, drama, musical theatre, production, media and art & design. Students are from diverse backgrounds and are not required to stick to their own discipline, dancers learn songwriting. Nor do students have to work/perform in the evening to pay for the tuition, the BPI administers the Platinum, Gold and Silver awards scheme for music releases in the United Kingdom. The level of the award varies depending on the format of the release, member companies do, however, still have the option to certify titles based on shipment levels if they choose to. Since July 2014, audio streaming has also included for singles at a ratio of 100 streams equivalent to 1 unit. From June 2015, audio streams were added to album certifications, according to BPI, they would take the 12 most-streamed tracks from the standard version of an album, with the top two songs down-weighted in line with the average of the rest. The total of these streams will be divided by 1,000, additionally, personnel are also seconded to the City of London Police Intellectual Property Crime Unit top support anti-piracy operations
29.
EMI
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EMI was a British multinational conglomerate founded in March 1931 and was based in London. At the time of its break-up in 2012, it was the fourth-largest business group and its EMI Records Ltd. group of record labels included EMI Records, Parlophone, Virgin Records and Capitol Records. EMI also had a publishing arm, EMI Music Publishing—also based in London with offices globally. The company was once a constituent of the FTSE100 Index, other members of the Sony consortium include the Estate of Michael Jackson, The Blackstone Group, and Abu Dhabi–owned investment fund Mubadala Development Company. The new vertically integrated company produced sound recordings as well as recording, the companys gramophone manufacturing led to forty years of success with larger-scale electronics and electrical engineering. He was killed in 1942 whilst conducting flight trials on an experimental H2S radar set, post-war, the company resumed its involvement in making broadcasting equipment, notably providing the BBCs second television transmitter at Sutton Coldfield. It also manufactured broadcast television cameras for British television production companies as well as for the BBC, the commercial television ITV companies also used them alongside cameras made by Pye and Marconi. Exports of this piece of equipment were low, however, the company was also for many years an internationally respected manufacturer of photomultipliers. This part of the business was transferred to Thorn as part of Thorn-EMI, in 1958 the EMIDEC1100, the UKs first commercially available all-transistor computer, was developed at Hayes under the leadership of Godfrey Hounsfield, an electrical engineer at EMI. In 1973 EMI was awarded a prestigious Queens Award for Technological Innovation for what was called the EMI scanner. After brief, but brilliant, success in the imaging field, EMIs manufacturing activities were sold off to other companies. Subsequently, development and manufacturing activities were sold off to companies and work moved to other towns such as Crawley. Emihus Electronics, based in Glenrothes, Scotland, was owned 51% by Hughes Aircraft, of California, US and it manufactured integrated circuits electrolytic capacitors and, for a short period in the mid-1970s, hand-held calculators under the Gemini name. Early in its life, the Gramophone Company established subsidiary operations in a number of countries in the British Commonwealth, including India, Australia. Over 150,000 78-rpm recordings from around the world are held in EMIs temperature-controlled archive in Hayes, in 1931, the year the company was formed, it opened the legendary recording studios at Abbey Road, London. During the 1930s and 1940s, its roster of artists included Arturo Toscanini, Sir Edward Elgar, during this time EMI appointed its first A&R managers. These included George Martin, who brought the Beatles into the EMI fold. When the Gramophone Company merged with the Columbia Graphophone Company in 1931, at this point RCA had a majority shareholding in the new company, giving RCA chair David Sarnoff a seat on the EMI board
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Paul Cattermole
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Paul Gerald Cattermole, St Albans, Hertfordshire, England is an English singer and actor. He is a member of S Club 7, Cattermole was a member of the National Youth Music Theatre and appeared in Pendragon. He studied on a theatre and acting course at the Mountview Drama School and he was spotted by Simon Fullers 19 Entertainment when he appeared in a show there and was asked to audition for S Club 7. Cattermole became a member of S Club 7 after a series of auditions, along with members Tina Barrett, Jon Lee, Bradley McIntosh, Jo OMeara, Hannah Spearritt, during five years they released four number one singles and one number one album. They also had a series of TV shows, which were, Miami 7, L. A.7, Hollywood 7 and Viva S Club. Cattermoles resignation came as Skua had decided to reform, and he found it a time to make the transition back from pop to rock as S Club 7s record contracts were up for renewal. After a five-year split, it was announced in October 2008 that OMeara, Cattermole, the tour consisted of a series of university and nightclub gigs, where they performed a set list consisting of a selection of songs from their Greatest Hits album. This had been performing in nightclubs, universities and Butlins holiday camps around the United Kingdom. Cattermole sang with his own band at a charity concert called The Sounds of Summer at The Lord Taverners club in London on 27 July 2011, after OMeara, Cattermole and McIntosh reunited, rumours persisted that S Club would fully reunite. Barrett re-joined the group for one performance in March 2014, in October 2014, it was confirmed that the original lineup would reunite for the first time in over a decade for BBC Children in Need. S Club 7 announced their plans for an reunion tour, promptly entitled Bring It All Back 2015. In January 2014 Skua reformed with all original members, the members had not seen one another for almost 12 years then in early 2014 they made contact with each other via Facebook and a meet up was organised soon after. They initially planned to release the material they had recorded in 2002 and have a jam, during the jam session guitarist Stevie K played a demo of the track that would become their first single, Falling and from there an entirely new album was written. On 9 October 2014, Skua performed to a crowd at the release of their first official album titled Kneel. The band plan to more shows in support of the release. Cattermole and Hannah Spearritt first met as members of the National Youth Music Theatre in 1994, at the time Paul was 17 years old, and Hannah was 14. In 1999, Cattermole and Spearritt both were selected as members of a seven-member pop group named S Club 7, where they became good friends. In May 2001 the friendship developed into romantic relationship and they kept their relationship a secret for the first six months, waiting until November 2001 to make a public announcement
31.
Bradley McIntosh
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Bradley John McIntosh is an English singer, songwriter and actor. He was a member of the pop group S Club where he enjoyed five years of hit singles, arena tours, born in south London, he attended Greenshaw High School. McIntosh was born to Jamaican musical parents and they recorded a total of four studio albums, released eleven singles and went on to sell over fourteen million albums worldwide. Their first album, S Club, had a strong 1990s pop sound, through the course of their career, their musical approach changed to a more dance and R&B sound, which is heard mostly in their final album, Seeing Double. S Club 7 won two Brit Awards - in 2000 for British breakthrough act and in 2002 for best British single, in 2001, the group earned the Record of the Year award. Group member Paul Cattermole departed from the group in 2002, on 21 April 2003, during a live on-stage performance, S Club announced that they were to disband. In 2006 McIntosh starred in an MTVs show, called Totally Boyband, other people starring were members of disbanded groups. He became part of a boyband, Upper Street made up of ex-group members, the groups that each member was from were 911, Steps, Another Level and New Kids on the Block. They released their first single, The One, in 2006, also in 2006 he took part in Celebrity Sport Relief Boxing against Jack Osbourne. He also has written for and produced songs as nickname City Boy Soul to various artists, such as JLS, Gak Jonze and Mutya Buena
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Jo O'Meara
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Joanne Valda Jo OMeara is an English singer-songwriter, television personality and actress. One of the singers of pop group S Club, she launched a solo career after the groups split in 2003. In November 2014, S Club 7 announced plans for an reunion tour, Bring It All Back 2015. OMeara was born in Romford, Essex, to parents Dave and she has a brother and sister, Shane and Julie. She grew up in Collier Row, a housing estate in the north of Romford in the London Borough of Havering. She was educated at Clockhouse Junior School and Bower Park School, the group rose to fame by starring in their own BBC television series, Miami 7, in 1999. Over the five years they were together, S Club 7 had four UK No.1 singles, one UK No.1 album, and hits in Europe, Asia, Latin America, Africa, and a top-ten single in the United States. They recorded four albums, released eleven singles and sold over fourteen million albums worldwide. Their first album, S Club, was 1990s pop, but hrough the course of their career their musical approach changed to a dance and R&B sound which is heard in their final album. S Club 7 won two Brit Awards—in 2000 for British breakthrough act and in 2002, for best British single, in 2001, the group earned the Record of the Year award. Group member Paul Cattermole departed the group in 2002, and the changed its name from S Club 7 to simply S Club. On 21 April 2003, during a live performance, S Club announced that they were to disband. OMeara surprised many of her fans by taking a hiatus from pop music. In July 2005, she announced that she had signed a new recording deal with Sanctuary Records. Her debut single, What Hurts the Most, was released on 26 September 2005, peaking at thirteen on the UK Singles Chart, followed a week later by her album. This, however, quickly fell out of the chart and sold poorly and it also sold poorly throughout Europe, reaching No.82 in Ireland. OMeara left the label while they were still planning to release a second single. In February 2006 she took part in the BBC reality show Just the Two of Us and her singing partner was Chris Fountain, actor on the Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks
33.
Hannah Spearritt
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Hannah Louise Spearritt is an English actress and singer. She is a member of the pop group S Club 7 from 1999 until they split in 2003. In November 2014, the announced plans for an arena reunion tour, Bring It All Back 2015. Spearritt is also known for playing the role of Abby Maitland in the drama Primeval, Spearritt was born in Great Yarmouth, Norfolk to Michael and Jenny Spearritt. She is the youngest of three children and her sister is former model and fashion designer Tanya Spearritt. Her uncle, Eddie Spearritt, from Lowestoft was a football player who played for Ipswich Town in the 1960s. At the age of three, Spearritt modelled in a Mothercare catalogue, when she was 12, Spearritt landed a part in the Lowestoft Players amateur dramatics societys production of Annie. Thereafter, she auditioned for the National Youth Music Theatre. While with the NYMT she met future S Club member and boyfriend Paul Cattermole, as well as her friend and future flatmate and she appeared in the NYMTs productions Pendragon —performing in New York and Hong Kong, Tin Pan Ali, and the West End musical Bugsy Malone. In 1998, she got a role in the television film The Cater Street Hangman and she had also made appearances on the National Lottery Show and Blue Peter. While Spearritt was studying mathematics, performing arts and media studies at college in Great Yarmouth and they recorded a total of four studio albums, released eleven singles and went on to sell over fourteen million albums worldwide. Their first album, S Club, had a strong 1990s pop sound, however, through the course of their career, their musical approach changed to a more dance and R&B sound which is heard mostly in their final album, Seeing Double. S Club 7 won two BRIT Awards—in 2000 for British breakthrough act and in 2002, for best British single, in 2001, the group earned the Record of the Year award. Group member Paul Cattermole departed the group in 2002, and the changed its name from S Club 7 to simply S Club. On 21 April 2003, during a live performance, S Club announced that they were to disband. In 2003, she was in Los Angeles to audition for a role in the film Agent Cody Banks 2, Destination London and she got the role and three days after leaving S Club, she began filming. In March 2004, Spearritt successfully auditioned for a role in the horror film Seed of Chucky. Shortly after completing filming, Spearritt decided to take a break from show-business to travel, in early November 2005, she made her acting comeback in the BBCs Blessed, an eight-part sitcom
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